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1.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 76(8): 265-271, Abr 16, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-219052

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los trastornos neurológicos funcionales (TNF) son un motivo de consulta frecuente en neurología. Sin embargo, la formación específica sobre estos trastornos durante la formación universitaria y el período de residencia es limitada. En este estudio se evalúan los conocimientos, la actitud y la exposición de los estudiantes de Medicina a los TNF antes de terminar el grado de Medicina. Sujetos y métodos: Realizamos una encuesta de 15 ítems para explorar la comprensión, la exposición y las actitudes hacia los TNF entre los estudiantes de Medicina de sexto año en cuatro universidades españolas. Resultados: Devolvieron la encuesta 118 estudiantes (edad media 23,6 ± 1,2 años; 71,2%, mujeres). De ellos, 88 (74,6%) conocían el concepto de TNF y 78 (66,1%) los habían estudiado en las clases de psiquiatría. El 54,1% de los estudiantes eligió el término ‘psicosomático’ como el más adecuado para referirse a estos trastornos, y 111 (94,1%) creían que una historia de abuso sexual o físico era común entre los pacientes con TNF. Cincuenta y siete estudiantes (48,3%) asumieron que el diagnóstico de TNF era mayoritariamente un diagnóstico clínico de exclusión y 63 (53,4%) señalaron que el manejo se realiza únicamente desde psiquiatría. Ciento un estudiantes (85,6%) consideraron que una formación adecuada sobre los TNF es un aspecto importante de su formación médica. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes de Medicina son conscientes de la existencia de los TNF, pero la terminología preferida por ellos, así como los factores etiológicos percibidos, reflejan que la visión histórica acerca de estos trastornos está aún arraigada. Los estudiantes de Medicina consideran que deberían recibir una educación adecuada sobre los TNF como parte de su formación por parte de los especialistas en neurología y psiquiatría.(AU)


Introduction: Functional neurological disorders (FND) are a frequent reason for visits in neurology. However, specific training on these disorders during undergraduate and residency training is limited. This study assesses the knowledge, attitude and exposure of medical students to FNDs before completing their medical degree. Patients and methods: We conducted a 15-item survey to explore understanding, exposure and attitudes towards FNDs among sixth-year medical students at four Spanish universities. Results: A total of 118 students (mean age 23.6 ± 1.2 years; 71.2% female) returned the survey. Of these, 88 (74.6%) were aware of the concept of FNDs and 78 (66.1%) had studied them in psychiatry classes. The term ‘psychosomatic’ was chosen by 54.1% of the students as the most appropriate term to refer to these disorders, and 111 (94.1%) believed that a history of sexual or physical abuse was common among FND patients. Fifty-seven students (48.3%) assumed that the diagnosis of FND was mostly a clinical diagnosis of exclusion and 63 (53.4%) indicated that it is managed only by psychiatry. One hundred and one students (85.6%) considered that adequate training on FNDs is an important aspect of their medical training. Conclusions: Medical students are aware of the existence of FNDs, but their preferred terminology, as well as the perceived aetiological factors, reflect that the historical view of these disorders is still deeply rooted. Medical students feel that they should receive adequate education on FNDs from specialists in neurology and psychiatry as part of their training.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Students, Medical , Nervous System Diseases , Neurology , Polydipsia, Psychogenic , Movement Disorders , Surveys and Questionnaires , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Spain
2.
Actas esp. psiquiatr ; 49(6): 288-290, noviembre 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-207675

ABSTRACT

La polidipsia psicógena, polidipsia primaria o potomaníaes un trastorno de origen multifactorial que se asocia con unamorbilidad y mortalidad sustancial. Se presenta frecuentemente en pacientes con enfermedades psiquiátricas, particularmente aquellos con esquizofrenia, sin embargo, no es exclusiva de esta, ya que se ha notificado en menor proporción enpacientes con trastornos de ansiedad y trastornos del estadode ánimo. Peso a todo lo anterior, continúa siendo una afección poco comprendida y por ende subdiagnosticada.Es fundamental reconocer esta entidad clínica de manera oportuna, debido a sus complicaciones potencialmentegraves como la hiponatremia sintomática que puede derivaren coma y muerte si no se detecta y se maneja tempranamente. Además, se debe recalcar la importancia de una elección acertada de los psicofármacos, ya que la mayoría delos estabilizantes del afecto y algunos inhibidores selectivosde la recaptación de serotonina, pueden causar y/o agravardicho trastorno hidroelectrolítico, lo cual implica un desafíoadicional para el especialista al momento de establecer laterapia de mantenimiento.Son escasos los reportes en la literatura sobre polidipsiapsicógena documentada en trastornos del estado de ánimo,con este propósito, exponemos el caso de una paciente contrastorno afectivo bipolar que desarrolló hiponatremia severa secundaria a polidipsia primaria. (AU)


Psychogenic polydipsia, primary polydipsia or potomaniais a disorder of multifactorial etiology which is associatedwith substantial morbidity and mortality. It occurs frequently in patients with psychiatric diseases, particularly thosewith schizophrenia, however, it is not exclusive, it has beenreported in a lower proportion in patients with anxiety disorders and mood disorders. Although, is still poorly understoodand therefore underdiagnosed condition.It is essential to recognize this clinical entity opportunely,due to its potentially serious complications, such as symptomatic hyponatremia that can lead to coma and death if notdetected and managed early. Furthermore, the importanceof a correct choice of psychotropic medications should beemphasized, since most of the mood stabilizers and someselective serotonin reuptake inhibitors can cause and / oraggravate the hydroelectrolytic disorder, which implies anadditional challenge for the specialist in establishing maintenance therapy.There are few reports in the literature on documentedpsychogenic polydipsia in mood disorders, for this purpose, we present the case of a patient with bipolar affectivedisorder suffering from severe hyponatremia secondary toprimary polydipsia. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Polydipsia, Psychogenic , Schizophrenia , Anxiety Disorders , Bipolar Disorder , Patients
3.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 39(5): 223-228, May. 2021. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-208604

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Delusional parasitosis or Ekbom syndrome is a condition described mainly in the fields of psychiatry and dermatology, with a complex diagnostic and therapeutic approach. However, it is uncommon to assess patients with this disease in infectious disease units. The objective of this work is to describe the experience of three infectious diseases departments with respect to this entity. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study of 20 patients diagnosed with delusional parasitosis in three Infectious Diseases Services was performed between 2003 and 2017. Results: The median age of the patients was 54 years, with a female/male ratio of 1.5:1. In 9 patients, an endoparasitic delirium (mainly digestive) was described, in 5 an ectoparasitic form was described, and in the remaining 6, a mixed form was described. Fourteen patients presented some type of psychiatric disorder. Four patients had alcohol or drug abuse disorder. All patients had made consultations to other specialties with a median of three per patient (range 1–7). Ten patients received “empirical” antiparasitic treatment and 8 received some type of psychopharmaceutical treatment. The evolution was very variable: in 3 patients, the delusional parasitosis was resolved; in 9 patients, the clinical manifestations persisted, and the remaining patients were lost to follow-up. Conclusions: Ekbom syndrome is a common process in infectious diseases, presenting some differences with other series evaluated by dermatologists and psychiatrists. Management of this disease should promote a multidisciplinary approach to enable a joint treatment, thus optimizing patient management and therapeutic adherence.(AU)


Introducción: La parasitosis delirante o síndrome de Ekbom es una afección descrita principalmente en los campos de la psiquiatría y la dermatología, con un enfoque diagnóstico y terapéutico complejo. Sin embargo, es poco frecuente evaluar a los pacientes con esta enfermedad en unidades de enfermedades infecciosas. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la experiencia de 3 departamentos de enfermedades infecciosas con respecto a esta entidad. Métodos: Entre 2003 y 2017 se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de 20 pacientes a los que se les diagnosticó parasitosis delirante en 3 servicios de enfermedades infecciosas. Resultados: La mediana de edad de los pacientes era de 54 años, con una proporción mujeres/varones de 1,5:1. En 9 pacientes se describió un delirio endoparasitario (principalmente digestivo), en 5 se describió una forma ectoparasitaria y en los 6 restantes una forma mixta. Catorce pacientes presentaban algún tipo de trastorno psiquiátrico. Cuatro pacientes presentaban un trastorno de alcoholismo o drogadicción. Todos los pacientes habían acudido a consultas de otras especialidades con una mediana de 3 por paciente (intervalo de 1-7). Diez pacientes recibieron tratamiento antiparasitario «empírico» y 8 recibieron algún tipo de psicofármaco. La evolución fue muy variable: en 3 pacientes se resolvió la parasitosis delirante; en 9 pacientes persistieron las manifestaciones clínicas y se perdió el seguimiento de los demás pacientes. Conclusiones: El síndrome de Ekbom es un proceso habitual en las enfermedades infecciosas, que presenta algunas diferencias con otras series evaluadas por dermatólogos y psiquiatras. El tratamiento de esta enfermedad debe promover un enfoque multidisciplinario que permita un tratamiento conjunto, optimizando así el tratamiento del paciente y el cumplimiento terapéutico.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Delusional Parasitosis/diagnosis , Delusional Parasitosis/therapy , Restless Legs Syndrome/diagnosis , Restless Legs Syndrome/therapy , Ectoparasitic Infestations , Dermatology , Psychiatry , Retrospective Studies , Communicable Diseases , Microbiology
4.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed) ; 39(5): 223-228, 2021 05.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33010962

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Delusional parasitosis or Ekbom syndrome is a condition described mainly in the fields of psychiatry and dermatology, with a complex diagnostic and therapeutic approach. However, it is uncommon to assess patients with this disease in infectious disease units. The objective of this work is to describe the experience of three infectious diseases departments with respect to this entity. METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study of 20 patients diagnosed with delusional parasitosis in three Infectious Diseases Services was performed between 2003 and 2017. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 54 years, with a female/male ratio of 1.5:1. In 9 patients, an endoparasitic delirium (mainly digestive) was described, in 5 an ectoparasitic form was described, and in the remaining 6, a mixed form was described. Fourteen patients presented some type of psychiatric disorder. Four patients had alcohol or drug abuse disorder. All patients had made consultations to other specialties with a median of three per patient (range 1-7). Ten patients received "empirical" antiparasitic treatment and 8 received some type of psychopharmaceutical treatment. The evolution was very variable: in 3 patients, the delusional parasitosis was resolved; in 9 patients, the clinical manifestations persisted, and the remaining patients were lost to follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Ekbom syndrome is a common process in infectious diseases, presenting some differences with other series evaluated by dermatologists and psychiatrists. Management of this disease should promote a multidisciplinary approach to enable a joint treatment, thus optimizing patient management and therapeutic adherence.


Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents , Delusional Parasitosis , Psychiatry , Restless Legs Syndrome , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Delusional Parasitosis/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Restless Legs Syndrome/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies
5.
Rev Int Androl ; 18(3): 91-95, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31272908

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the penile color Doppler ultrasound (PCDU) scans of the patients who had admitted to our clinic with erectile dysfunction and aimed to evaluate the contribution of penile Doppler scan results to the clinical decisions. MATERIAL-METHOD: The data of patients admitted to our outpatient clinic with complaints of erectile dysfunction (IIEF-5 score<22 or IIEF-EF score<26) between January 2005 and January 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients whose testosterone level is lower than 280ng/ml or who had undergone radical prostatectomy were excluded from the analysis. RESULTS: Three thousand ninety patients were included in the study. The mean age of our patients was 55.05±13.05 years. In total, 2139 (69%) patients had normal PCDU findings, 351 (11%) patients had arterial insufficiency, 531 (17%) patients had venous insufficiency, and 69 (2%) patients had arterial insufficiency with concurrent venous leakage. When the patients were divided into 2 groups ≤40 years (Group 1) old and >40 years (Group 2) old; normal PCDU findings were found in 432 patients (84%) of the Group 1 patients and normal PCDU findings in 1707 (66%) patients of the Group 2 patients (p<0.0001). There were arterial insufficiency findings in 24 (4.7%) and 327 (12.7%) patients of the Group 1 and 2, respectively (p=0.002). CONCLUSION: The etiology is psychogenic in the majority of patients who present with ED complaints to the urology clinic. With age, the prevalence of psychogenic ED is decreasing but still more than organic.


Subject(s)
Erectile Dysfunction/diagnostic imaging , Impotence, Vasculogenic/diagnostic imaging , Penis/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cohort Studies , Erectile Dysfunction/physiopathology , Erectile Dysfunction/psychology , Humans , Impotence, Vasculogenic/physiopathology , Male , Middle Aged , Outpatients , Penis/blood supply , Retrospective Studies , Tertiary Care Centers , Young Adult
6.
Rev. colomb. reumatol ; 23(3): 195-199, jul.-set. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-960210

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Gardner-Diamond o púrpura psicógena es una vasculopatía de presunto origen autoinmune que se caracteriza por una reacción cutánea localizada, asociada a situaciones de estrés emocional. Se presenta el caso de una paciente con lesiones equimóticas, dolorosas y de aparición intermitente, relacionadas con diversos eventos estresores, que habían sido manejadas como manifestación de lupus


Gardner-Diamond syndrome or psychogenic purpura is an vasculopathy characterized by a localized cutaneous reaction, associated with episodes of emotional stress or mental illness as trigger factors. A case of a female patient with multiple, intermittent, nodular, ecchymotic and painful lesions related to various stressing events that was treated as lupus is reported below


Subject(s)
Humans , Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous , Diagnosis, Differential
7.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 41(3): 680-689, jul.-sep. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-669220

ABSTRACT

Las crisis psicógenas, descritas por Charcot, constituyen una entidad que puede ser difícil de diferenciar de las crisis epilépticas. El 70% de estos pacientes tienen un diagnóstico psiquiátrico subyacente. Describimos el caso de una paciente que fue diagnosticada con crisis epilépticas durante varios años, polimedicada, incluida en el protocolo de cirugía de epilepsia para pacientes refractarios. Durante su evaluación, se descubrió un origen psicógeno de estas. Analizamos las características clínicas y paraclínicas que nos permiten aproximarnos al diagnóstico diferencial entre ambas entidades…


Psychogenous seizures described by Charcot, are an entity that can be difficult to distinguish from epileptic seizures. 70% of these patients have an underlying psychiatric diagnosis. We describe the case of a female patient who was diagnosed with seizures for several years, polymedicated, and included in the epilepsy surgery protocol for refractory patients. During the evaluation, a psychogenous origin was discovered for such crises. We analyzed the clinical criteria and laboratory tests that allow us to approach the differential diagnosis between both entities…


Subject(s)
Epilepsy , Hysteria
8.
Rev Colomb Psiquiatr ; 41(3): 680-9, 2012 Sep.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26572121

ABSTRACT

Psychogenous seizures described by Charcot, are an entity that can be difficult to distinguish from epileptic seizures. 70% of these patients have an underlying psychiatric diagnosis. We describe the case of a female patient who was diagnosed with seizures for several years, poly-medicated, and included in the epilepsy surgery protocol for refractory patients. During the evaluation, a psychogenous origin was discovered for such crises. We analyzed the clinical criteria and laboratory tests that allow us to approach the differential diagnosis between both entities.

9.
Rev Neurol ; 39(2)July 2004. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-40100

ABSTRACT

Datos clínicos y experimentales evidencian el papel del sistema inmune en la patogenia de la epilepsia. El propósito de este trabajo es mostrar los resultados de los estudios inmunológicos realizados a 30 pacientes epilépticos con crisis parciales complejas refractarias a tratamiento médico, evaluados por vídeo-EEG. Pacientes y métodos. Los pacientes se agruparon de acuerdo con la localización del foco epileptogénico en: temporales (n = 16), lateralizados (n = 6) y extratemporales (n = 4). Se estudiaron, además, pacientes (n = 4) diagnosticados según la evaluación por vídeo-EEG como epilepsia psicógena. Se determinaron los niveles de inmunoglobulinas (IgG, IgM e IgA) por inmunodifusión radial y se cuantificaron por inmunocitoquímica los linfocitos T y B (CD3 y CD20), así como los marcadores linfocitarios: CD4, CD8, CD25 y HLA-DR. Resultados. Se evidenció un aumento significativo en el porcentaje de linfocitos T CD8+ (supresores/citotóxicos, p < 0,05) y de los marcadores de activación CD25 (células receptor IL-2) y HLA-DR (antígeno leucocitario humano DR). La evaluación de los parámetros inmunológicos en los diferentes grupos de localización del foco epileptogénico mostró que el aumento significativo de los linfocitos CD8+ se limita a los casos temporales y lateralizados (p < 0,01). Los pacientes con localización extratemporal y los casos psicógenos mostraron valores normales para todos los marcadores evaluados; este último grupo recibía el mismo tratamiento médico que el resto de los pacientes. Conclusiones. Estos resultados evidencian que existen alteraciones del sistema inmune en los pacientes epilépticos con crisis parciales complejas no asociadas al tratamiento antiepiléptico; las mismas pueden ser factores relevantes en la patogenia de la epilepsia y guardan relación con la localización del foco epileptogénico(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Epilepsy/immunology , Epilepsy/physiopathology , Immune System Diseases
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