Trapping mechanism by di-d-psicose anhydride with methylglyoxal for prevention of diabetic nephropathy.

Di-d-psicose anhydride (DPA), derived from functional rare saccharide as d-psicose, is investigated for its strong chelating ability. Methylglyoxal (MGO), an important precursor of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), promotes obesity, and causes complications such as diabetic nephropathy. On mesangial cells, DPA can substantially reduce the negative effects of MGO. DPA effectively trapping MGO in mesangial cells. The bonding properties of the DPA-MGO adduct were discussed by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The NMR spectra of the DPA-MGO adduct provide evidence for chelation bonding. The inhibition of AGE formation and the mass spectrometry results of the DPA-MGO adduct indicate that DPA can scavenge MGO at a molar ratio of 1:1. DPA suppressed 330 % of the up-regulated receptor for an AGEs protein expression to a normal level and restored the suppressed glyoxalase 1 level to 86 % of the normal group. This research provides important evidence and theoretical basis for the development of AGE inhibitors derived from rare saccharide.

Synthesis of Sucrose-Mimicking Disaccharide by Intramolecular Aglycone Delivery.

Rare sugars are known for their ability to suppress postprandial blood glucose levels. Therefore, oligosaccharides and disaccharides derived from rare sugars could potentially serve as functional sweeteners. A disaccharide [α-d-allopyranosyl-(1→2)-ß-d-psicofuranoside] mimicking sucrose was synthesized from rare monosaccharides D-allose and D-psicose. Glycosylation using the intermolecular aglycon delivery (IAD) method was employed to selectively form 1,2-cis α-glycosidic linkages of the allopyranose residues. Moreover, ß-selective psicofuranosylation was performed using a psicofuranosyl acceptor with 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzoyl groups. This is the first report on the synthesis of non-reducing disaccharides comprising only rare d-sugars by IAD using protected ketose as a unique acceptor; additionally, this approach is expected to be applicable to the synthesis of functional sweeteners.

Safety evaluation of the food enzyme preparation D-psicose 3-epimerase from the non-genetically modified Microbacterium foliorum strain SYG27B.

This assessment addresses a food enzyme preparation consisting of the immobilised non-viable cells of the non-genetically modified bacterium identified by the applicant (Samyang Corporation) as Microbacterium foliorum strain SYG27B. This strain produces the enzyme D-psicose 3-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.30). The food enzyme preparation is used for the isomerisation of fructose to produce the speciality carbohydrate D-allulose (synonym D-psicose). Since the hazard identification and characterisation could not be made and the identity of the production organism could not be established, the Panel was unable to complete the assessment of this food enzyme preparation containing D-psicose 3-epimerase.

Um estudo sobre as incidências da pulsão oral nas psicoses maníaco-depressivas / Une étude à propos des incidences de la pulsion orale dans les psychoses maniaco-dépressives / A study about the occurrences of oral drive in manic-depressive psychosis

Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre as repercussões do modo de funcionamento marcado pela pulsão oral como um elemento decisivo para que alcancemos as bases mais primordiais da psicose maníaco- depressiva. Entendemos que este estudo também pode auxiliar na elucidação da presença de estados melancoliformes e maniformes em configurações neuróticas de maior gravidade, ou ainda, em psicoses não desencadeadas. Nosso recorte temático será desenvolvido a partir do referencial freudiano, conferindo um espaço significativo às contribuições de Karl Abraham. Também contará com a exposição de novas colaborações da psicanálise pós-freudiana, com enfoque nos impactos da voracidade pulsional na vida humana e as consequências psicopatológicas desse tipo de fixação libidinal. Por fim, buscaremos alinhavar pontos levantados com o diferencial das teorizações de Jacques Lacan, resgatando sucintamente princípios de sua teoria da clínica como a relação ao grande Outro, a lógica fantasmática, o objeto a e o significante paterno.

Cet article présente une discussion sur les répercussions du mode de fonctionnement subjectif marqué par la pulsion orale comme un élément fondamental pour comprendre les bases les plus primordiales de la psychose maniaco-dépressive. Nous comprenons que cette étude peut également aider à élucider la présence d'états en format mélancolique et maniaque dans des configurations névrotiques de gravité plus élevée, ou encore, dans des psychoses non déclenchées. Notre découpage thématique sera développé à partir de la théorie freudienne, accordant un espace significatif aux contributions de Karl Abraham. Il inclura également l'exposition de nouvelles collaborations de la psychanalyse post-freudienne, en mettant l'accent sur les conséquences de la voracité pulsionnelle dans la vie humaine et les conséquences psychopathologiques de ce genre de fixation libidinale. Enfin, nous chercherons à relier les points relevés avec la spécificité des théorisations de Jacques Lacan, reprenant brièvement les principes de sa théorie clinique tels que la relation au grand Autre, la logique du fantasme, l'objet a et le signifiant paternel.

This article presents a discussion about the repercussions of the predominance of the oral drive in subjective functioning as a decisive element to reach the primordial bases of manic-depressive psychosis. We understand that this study can also help enlighten the presence of melancholic and manic states in more severe neurotic configurations, or even in untriggered psychoses. Our thematic framework will be based on Freudian theory, giving significant space to the contributions of Karl Abraham. It will also include the exposition of new contributions from post-Freudian psychoanalysis, focusing on the impacts of drive eagerness in human life and the psychopathological consequences of this type of fixation of libido. Finally, we will seek to connect the issues raised with the uniqueness of Jacques Lacan's theorizations, briefly revisiting the principles of his clinical theory such as the relation to the Other, the phantasmatic logic, the object a, and the fatherly signifier.

Optimizing bioconversion processes of rice husk into value-added products: D-psicose, bioethanol, and lactic acid.

Rice husk, rich carbon content, is an agricultural waste produced globally at an amount of 120 million tons annually, and it has high potential as a biorefinery feedstock. Herein, we investigated the feasibility of producing various products as D-psicose, bioethanol and lactic acid from rice husk (RH) through a biorefinery process. Alkali-hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid pretreatment of RH effectively removed lignin and silica, resulting in enzymatic hydrolysis yield of approximately 86.3% under optimal hydrolysis conditions. By using xylose isomerase as well as D-psicose-3-epimerase with borate, glucose present in the RH hydrolysate was converted into D-psicose with a 40.6% conversion yield in the presence of borate. Furthermore, bioethanol (85.4%) and lactic acid (92.5%) were successfully produced from the RH hydrolysate. This study confirmed the high potential of RH as a biorefinery feedstock, and it is expected that various platform chemicals and value-added products can be produced using RH.

Eficácia de uma intervenção de enfermagem para prevenção de comportamentos violentos de doentes psicóticos em contexto forense / Effectiveness of a nursing intervention in preventing violent behaviors among people with psychotic disorders in forensic settings / Eficacia de una intervención de enfermería para prevenir la conducta violenta en pacientes psicóticos en un contexto forense

Resumo Enquadramento: As psicoses são caraterizadas por distorções do pensamento, da perceção e emoções inadequadas. Em contexto forense, cabe ao enfermeiro especialista em saúde mental e psiquiátrica prevenir comportamentos violentos através de intervenções psicoterapêuticas. Objetivo: Caraterizar a situação clínica dos participantes relativamente às variáveis: funcionamento social, atividades socialmente úteis, relações pessoais e sociais, comportamento perturbador e agressivo, assertividade e sinais precoces de agressão; avaliar a eficácia de um programa de intervenção para treino de competências sociais e diminuição de preditores de violência. Metodologia: Estudo pré-experimental, com delineamento de pré e pós-teste com grupo único, cuja amostra foram 15 doentes internados em serviços de psiquiatria forense. Resultados: O programa demonstrou-se eficaz, observando-se mudanças estatisticamente significativas a nível das relações pessoais, dos comportamentos perturbadores e agressivos e dos sinais precoces de agressão. Conclusão: O treino de habilidades sociais e de autocontrolo traduziu-se na melhoria dos indicadores clínicos e na reabilitação psicossocial dos participantes, contribuindo para uma melhor (re)integração na família e na comunidade.

Abstract Background: Psychosis is characterized by distortions of thinking and perception, as well as inappropriate emotions. In forensic settings, psychiatric mental health nurses are responsible for preventing violent behaviors through psychotherapeutic interventions. Objective: To characterize participants' clinical situation based on the following variables: social performance, socially useful activities, personal and social relationships, disturbing and aggressive behavior, assertiveness, and early signs of aggression; and To assess the effectiveness of an intervention program for training social skills and reducing predictors of violence. Methodology: Pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of 15 patients admitted to forensic psychiatric wards. Results: The intervention proved effective, with statistically significant changes in personal relationships, disturbing and aggressive behaviors, and early signs of aggression. Conclusion: Training social skills and self-control improved participants' clinical indicators and psychosocial rehabilitation and contributed to better (re)integrating them into their families and communities.

Resumen Marco contextual: La psicosis se caracteriza por distorsiones del pensamiento, de la percepción y de las emociones inapropiadas. En el contexto forense, es responsabilidad del enfermero especialista en salud mental y psiquiátrica prevenir las conductas violentas mediante intervenciones psicoterapéuticas. Objetivo: Caracterizar la situación clínica de los participantes en cuanto a las siguientes variables: funcionamiento social, actividades socialmente útiles, relaciones personales y sociales, comportamiento disruptivo y agresivo, asertividad y signos tempranos de agresión. Evaluar la eficacia de un programa de intervención para entrenar las competencias sociales y reducir los predictores de violencia. Metodología: Estudio preexperimental, con diseño antes y después de la prueba con un único grupo, cuya muestra estaba compuesta por 15 pacientes ingresados en los servicios de psiquiatría forense. Resultados: El programa demostró ser eficaz y se observaron cambios estadísticamente significativos en las relaciones personales, el comportamiento disruptivo y agresivo, y los primeros signos de agresión. Conclusión: El entrenamiento de las competencias sociales y del autocontrol se tradujo en la mejora de los indicadores clínicos y en la rehabilitación psicosocial de los participantes, lo que contribuyó a una mejor (re)integración en la familia y la comunidad.

A study of targeted mutation of l-rhamnose isomerase to improve the conversion efficiency of D-allose.

D-Allose is a rare cis-caprose with a wide range of physiological functions, which has a wide range of applications in medicine, food, and other industries. L-Rhamnose isomerase (L-Rhi) is the earliest enzyme found to catalyze the production of D-allose from D-psicose. This catalyst has a high conversion rate, but its specificity for substrates is limited; thus, it cannot fulfill the requirements of industrial production of D-allose. In this study, L-Rhi derived from Bacillus subtilis was employed as the research subject, and D-psicose as the conversion substrate. Two mutant libraries were constructed through alanine scanning, saturation mutation, and rational design based on the analysis of the secondary structure, tertiary structure, and interactions with ligands of the enzyme. The yield of D-allose produced by these mutants was assessed; it was found that the conversion rate of mutant D325M to D-allose was increased by 55.73 %, and the D325S improved by 15.34 %, while mutant W184H increased by 10.37 % at 55 °C, respectively. According to modeling analysis, manganese (Mn2+) had no significant effect on the production of D-psicose from D-psicose by L-Rhi. The results of molecular dynamics simulation demonstrated that the mutants W184H, D325M, and D325S had more stable protein structures while binding with the substrate D-psicose, as evidenced by its root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), and binding free energy values. It was more conducive to binding D-psicose and facilitating its conversion to D-allose, providing the basis for the production of D-allose.

El problema etiológico de los delirios en la esquizofrenia para la neuropsiquiatría actual / The Etiological Problem of Psychotic Delusions in Current Neuropsychiatry / O problema etiológico dos delírios na esquizofrenia para a neuropsiquiatria atual

Introducción: el delirio constituye uno de los síntomas más complejos y severos de la psicosis. Uno de los problemas más fundamentales que enfrenta la investigación en el campo de la neuropsiquiatría tiene que ver con el desafío de producir teorías explicativas para la producción de este tipo de estado mental, a lo que se denomina problema etiológico de los delirios psicóticos. Desarrollo: se analizan críticamente las principales alternativas dentro de la neuropsiquiatría contemporánea al problema etiológico en el contexto de la esquizofrenia. Conclusión: el análisis indica que las tres teorías fundamentales que conviven en la actualidad poseen problemas para avanzar en el desafío de explicar la etiología de los delirios. Por lo anterior, se propone la idea de que, a la luz del estado del debate reciente, la hibridación teórica podría perfilarse como el mejor candidato metodológico para generar progreso real en la disciplina

Introduction: Delusions constitute one of the most complex and severe symptoms of psychosis. One of the most fundamental problems within current research in neuropsychiatry has to do with the challenge of producing explanatory theories of the aetiology of the phenomenon. I call this the etiological problem of psychotic delusions. Development: The main alternatives to the etiological problem in schizophrenia in current neuropsychiatry are critically assessed. Conclusion: The three current co-existing approaches possess a number of problems to make real progress in the etiological debate. For this reason, I suggest that, in light of the current state of the art, theoretical hybridization could become the best methodologi- cal candidate to make progress within the target debate

Introdução: o delírio é um dos sintomas mais complexos e graves da psicose. Um dos problemas mais fundamentais enfrentados atualmente pelas pesquisas no campo da neuropsiquiatria diz respeito ao desafio de produzir teorias explicativas para a produção desse tipo de estado mental, que chamo de o problema etiológico dos delírios psicóticos. Desenvolvimento: são analisadas criticamente as principais alternativas da neuropsiquiatria contemporânea ao problema etiológico no contexto da esquizofrenia. Conclusão: a análise indica que as três teorias fundamentais que coexistem atualmente têm problemas para avançar no desafio de explicar a etiologia dos delírios. Portanto, propõe-se a ideia de que, à luz do estado atual do debate, a hibridação teórica poderia surgir como o melhor candidato metodológico para gerar um progresso real na disciplina.

A Novel D-Psicose 3-Epimerase from Halophilic, Anaerobic Iocasia fonsfrigidae and Its Application in Coconut Water.

D-Psicose is a rare, low-calorie sugar that is found in limited quantities in national products. Recently, D-psicose has gained considerable attention due to its potential applications in the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, a novel D-psicose 3-epimerase (a group of ketose 3-epimerase) from an extremely halophilic, anaerobic bacterium, Iocasia fonsfrigidae strain SP3-1 (IfDPEase), was cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli, and characterized. Unlike other ketose 3-epimerase members, IfDPEase shows reversible epimerization only for D-fructose and D-psicose at the C-3 position but not for D-tagatose, most likely because the Gly218 and Cys6 at the substrate-binding subsites of IfDPEase, which are involved in interactions at the O-1 and O-6 positions of D-fructose, respectively, differ from those of other 3-epimerases. Under optimum conditions (5 µM IfDPEase, 1 mM Mn2+, 50 °C, and pH 7.5), 36.1% of D-psicose was obtained from 10 mg/mL D-fructose. The IfDPEase is highly active against D-fructose under NaCl concentrations of up to 500 mM, possibly due to the excessive negative charges of acidic amino acid residues (aspartic and glutamic acids), which are localized on the surface of the halophilic enzyme. These negative charges may protect the enzyme from Na+ ions from the environment and result in the lowest pI value compared to those of other 3-epimerase members. Moreover, without adjusting any ingredients, IfDPEase could improve coconut water quality by converting D-fructose into D-psicose with a yield of 26.8%. Therefore, IfDPEase is an attractive alternative to enhancing the quality of fructose-containing foods.

Psicose e espiritualidade: cuidados para além da medicação / Psychosis and spirituality: care beyond medication

O presente artigo busca investigar o campo da psicose e sua relação com fenômenos relativos à espiritualidade. Ao longo da história da psiquiatria, a loucura foi destituída de sua dimensão espiritual com uma compreensão científica dos fenômenos; porém, a nosografia médica também operou uma redução do fenômeno apenas à dimensão descritiva. Neste artigo foi realizada uma revisão teórica narrativa sobre a temática de espiritualidade, emergência espiritual, processos de renovação, psicose e tratamentos para além da medicação. A revisão de literatura sinaliza que as crises psicóticas não necessariamente indicam o desenvolvimento de uma esquizofrenia e que essa crise também pode carregar um potencial transformador. Por fim, reflete-se como a dimensão religiosa pode ser acolhida em um atendimento psicológico ético e sua importância para o acolhimento de crises psicóticas.

The present article intends to investigate the field of psychosis and its relation to phenomena related to spirituality. Through the history of psychiatry, madness was stripped from its spiritual dimension with the scientific compreehension of phenomena. By the otherside, the medical nosography also operated a reduction of the phenomena only to a descriptive dimension. The authors developed a theoretical narrative revision about the themes of spirituality, spiritual emergency, renewal process, psychosis and the treatments beyond medication. The literature review indicate that psychotic crisis do not necessarily indicate a development of schizophrenia and that this crisis can also carry a transformative potential. Thus, it is discussed how that the religious dimension can be approached in an ethical psychological session and its importance on dealing with a psychotic crisis.

Dialogando com lacan para uma compreensão da estrutura das psicoses / A dialogue with lacan to understand the structure of psychoses

O trabalho realizado e que vai aqui apresentado consiste em uma apresentação do percurso empreendido por Jacques Lacan ([1955-56] 1988) no Seminário sobre As Psicoses. A proposta de chamar o nosso percurso de "diálogos" baseia-se na leitura de outros textos e notícias que reportam ao tema, ajudando-nos a melhor compreendê-lo. Não é um percurso simples e tampouco óbvio. A escrita de Lacan, ou mesmo a estrutura psicótica, abre continuamente outras portas pelas quais pode o observador perscrutar, embora não lhe seja permitido adentrar com suas ansiosas pretensões interpretativas, plenas de significantes simbólicos. Contente-se, pois, o clínico, com a função de secretário do delírio, compreendendo-o não simplesmente como uma defesa, mas como uma outra forma de se organizar diante de um outro ­ imagem de si e que rejeita habitar o complexo mundo da linguagem.

The work carried out and which will be presented here consists of a presentation of the journey undertaken by Jacques Lacan ([1955-56] 1988) at the Seminar on The Psychoses. The proposal to call our journey "dialogues" is based on reading other texts and news that report on the topic, helping us to better understand it. It is not a simple or obvious route. Lacan's writing, or even the psychotic structure, continually opens other doors through which the observer can peer, although he is not allowed to enter with his anxious interpretative pretensions, full of symbolic signifiers. Therefore, the clinician is content, with the role of secretary of the delusion, understanding it not simply as a defense, but as another way of organizing himself in front of another - an image of himself that rejects inhabiting the complex world of language.

d-Allulose Supplementation Prevents Diet-Induced Hepatic Lipid Accumulation via miR-130-Mediated Regulation in C57BL/6 Mice.

SCOPE: d-allulose is a low-calorie rare sugar. It has been reported that d-allulose supplementation significantly inhibits diet-induced hepatic fat accumulation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study elucidates the mechanism underlying the suppressive effect of d-allulose on hepatic fat accumulation in terms of miRNA regulation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Male C57BL/6 mice are divided into three experimental groups-normal diet and distilled water (CC group), high-fat diet (HFD) and distilled water (HC group), and HFD and 5% d-allulose solution (HA group)-and fed the respective diets for 8 weeks. Weight gain is significantly lower in the HA group than that in the HC group, although the caloric intake is the same in both. Histological analysis of liver tissues reveals excessive lipid accumulation in the HC group; this is greatly attenuated in the HA group. Real-time PCR and western blot analyses demonstrate that, compared to the HC group, the HA group exhibits decreased hepatic PPARγ and CD36 expression. Hepatic miR-130 expression levels are higher in the HA group than those in the CC and HC groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that miRNA changes associated with PPARγ may underlie the suppression of hepatic lipid accumulation induced by d-allulose intake.

Enhanced production of D-psicose from D-fructose by a redox-driven multi-enzyme cascade system.

D-Psicose, a new-generation sugar substitute, has been enzymatically synthesized through D-fructose isomerization. However, isomerization often causes low yields due to unfavorable thermodynamic equilibria, which limited its further industrial application. In this study, we present a redox-driven multi-enzyme cascade, two-step biotransformation system to produce D-psicose from D-fructose. Compared to D-fructose isomerization, this method has a maximized theoretical conversion rate of 100%. D-Psicose-3-epimerase from Clostridiales (CBDPE), ribitol 2-dehydrogenase from Providencia alcalifaciens (PRDH), and formate dehydrogenase from Starkeya (SFDH) were co-expressed in Escherichia coli in the first step to produce D-allitol from D-fructose. Afterward, NADH oxidase from Streptococcus pyogenes (SPNOX), and ribitol 2-dehydrogenase from Rubrivivax sp. (RSRDH) were co-expressed in E. coli to oxidize D-allitol into D-psicose in the second step. The two-step biotransformation system was optimized to maximize the D-fructose-to-D-psicose conversion rate (up to 90%), corresponding to a concentration of 450 mM. This study suggests that this redox-driven multi-enzyme cascade strategy through a sugar-to-alcohol-to-sugar pathway has the advantage of great application for enhanced production of D-psicose and other rare sugars.

Quantitative determination of d-psicose based on flexible copper film materials and electrochemical scanning methods.

In this paper, a three-electrode electrochemical detection system was designed. Platinum electrode was used as the counter electrode, saturated KCl electrode as reference electrode, and copper film material as working electrode, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (i-t) methods were used for d-psicose scanning. CV results indicated that d-psicose presented the oxidation-reduction reacting procedure on the surface of copper film electrode. Testing parameters optimization was conducted using CV scanning in different scanning rates. d-psicose quantitative determination model was developed by i-t scanning results. The sensitivity was9419.1A×cm-2·mol/L, the detection limit was1.04311×10-8mol/L. The proposed method has some advantages including high sensitivity, low detection line, and fast response speed. Negative control testing results by using glucose, sucrose, and NaCl solutions demonstrated that the proposed method had good selectivity.

"Amanhã você estará aqui?" O trabalho com objetos em uma instituição para crianças com dificuldades no laço social / « Est-ce que demain tu seras là? ¼ Le travail à partir des objets dans une institution pour enfants en difficulté au niveau du ien social / "Will you be here tomorrow?" The work with objects in an institution for children with social bond difficulties / "¿Estarás aquí mañana?"El trabajo con los objetos en una institución para niños con dificultades en el lazo social

Este artigo trata de uma experiência institucional de estágio no Institut Médico Pédagogique Notre Dame de la Sagesse, também conhecido como Le Courtil. O Courtil é uma instituição belga que acolhe crianças e jovens com impasses no laço social. A partir do caso clínico de uma garota de oito anos, discute-se a importância dos objetos para a invenção e o tratamento que o sujeito dá ao real. Demonstra-se que o tratamento é um trabalho singular realizado pelo sujeito em parceria com os interventores. A prática entre vários e a transferência são colocadas em evidência como dispositivos que favorecem esse trabalho

Cet article est à propos d'une expérience institutionnel de stage à l'Institut Médico Pédagogique Notre Dame de la Sagesse, connu comme Le Courtil. Le Courtil est une institution belge qui accueille des enfants et des jeunes en difficultéau niveau du lien social. À partir d'un cas clinique d'une fille de huit ans, on discute l'importance des objets pour l'invention et pour le traitement du réel donné par le sujet. On démontre que le traitement est un travail singulier réalisé par le sujet en partenariat avec des intervenants. La pratique à plusieurs et le transfert sont mis en avant comme dispositifs qui favorisent ce travail

This article is about an internship experience that took place at the Institut Médico Pédagogique Notre Dame de la Sagesse, known as Le Courtil. Le Courtil is a Belgian institution dedicated to the reception and treatment ofchildren and young people with social bond difficulties. Based on a clinical case of an eight-year-old girl, the importance of objects for the invention and treatment of the real given by the subject is discussed. It is shown that the treatment is a singular work carried out by the subject in partnership with intervening parties. The multi-person practice and the transfer are put forward as devices that favour this work

Este artículo trata de una experiencia de pasantía institucional en el Institut Médico Pédagogique Notre Dame de la Sagesse, también conocido como Le Courtil. Le Courtil es una institución belga que acoge a niños y jóvenes con impasses en el lazo social. A partir del caso clínico de una niña de ocho años, se discute la importancia de los objetos para la invención y el tratamiento que el sujeto hace de lo real. Se demuestra que el tratamiento es un trabajo único realizado por el sujeto en compañía de los interventores. La práctica entre varios y la transferencia se destacan como dispositivos que favorecen este trabajo

The (un)veiling of the object a and the Superego in Melancholia / O (des)velamento do objeto a e o supereu na melancolia

RESUMO: Partindo do pressuposto freudiano no qual a melancolia se enquadra entre as neuroses narcísicas em oposição às neuroses de transferência, pretende-se apresentá-la no ensino de Lacan, entendendo-a como uma estrutura clínica psicótica. A melancolia é abordada como sendo um efeito de estrutura em função da não separação do objeto a, que fica (des)velado, a partir da foraclusão do Nome-do-Pai. Destaca-se o papel do supereu através do objeto voz.

ABSTRACT: Based on the Freudian assumption in which melancholy is included among the narcissistic neuroses in opposition to the transference neuroses, it is intended to present it in Lacan's teaching, understanding it as a psychotic clinical structure. Melancholy is approached as a structure effect due to the non-separation of the object a, which is (un)veiled from the foreclosure of the Name-of-the-Father. The role of the superego through the voice object is highlighted.

O psicótico e o outro: o fenômeno do duplo deus na psicose / The psychotic and the Other: the phenomenon of the double god in psychosis

RESUMO: Baseando-se na perspectiva psicanalítica, o objetivo deste artigo consiste em pesquisar o que ocorre na relação entre o sujeito psicótico e o Outro, que retorna no real sob o significante Deus, a partir do que intitulamos Fenômeno do duplo deus. Percebemos esse fenômeno em comum nos discursos de Estamira (documentário homônimo), Arthur Bispo do Rosário e Daniel Paul Schreber, o que nos permite a construção de hipóteses a respeito de uma possível inconsistência do Outro - estabelecido o duplo -, bem como apontar seus efeitos no laço social e na clínica com a psicose.

ABSTRACT: Based on the psychoanalytic perspective, this article aims to investigate what happens in the relationship between the psychotic subject and the Other, who returns in the real under the signifier God, from what we call the Phenomenon of the double god. We find this phenomenon in common in the speeches of Estamira - from the acclaimed documentary of the same name -, Arthur Bispo do Rosário and Daniel Paul Schreber, which allows us to build hypotheses about an inconsistency of the Other, establishing the double, as well as pointing out its effects on the social bound and the clinic with psychosis.

Construção simbólica frente à falha do recurso à droga na psicose / Construction symbolique face à l'échec de la consommation de drogue dans la psychose / Symbolic construction on the failure of drug use in psychosis

A inserção de psicanalistas em instituições da rede de saúde mental, em especial nos dispositivos de atenção a usuários de álcool e outras drogas, amplia a discussão sobre o diagnóstico estrutural frente ao uso de substâncias psicoativas. O recurso às drogas na psicose pode operar como uma tentativa de estabilização ao localizar no real da substância os efeitos da invasão do real dos sintomas psicóticos. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir, a partir de um caso clínico, a possibilidade de construção simbólica frente à falha deste recurso. O caso analisado pela teoria lacaniana demonstra que o uso de drogas pode ser capturado pelo processo de desorganização pulsional. Discute-se a função do sonho na psicose e sua relação com a construção delirante. O endereçamento transferencial ao analista, por outro lado, permite que o discurso sobre as drogas em sua dimensão significante opere como uma forma de construção simbólica para a amarração dos registros

L'insertion despsychanalystes dans les établissements du réseau d'assistance de la santé mentale, notamment dans les dispositifs de prise en charge des usagers d'alcool et d'autres drogues, élargit la réflexion sur le diagnostic structurel face à l'usage de substances psychoactives. L'usage de drogues dans la psychose peut opérer comme une tentative de stabilisation en situant dans le réel de la substance les effets de l'envahissement du réel des symptômes psychotiques. L'objectif de cet article est de discuter, a partir d'un cas clinique, de la possibilité d'une construction symbolique face à l'échec de cette ressource. Le cas, pour la théorie lacanienne, démontre que la consommation de drogues peut être capturée par le processus de désorganisation de la pulsion. Les rêves sont discutés a partir du délire et de sa fonction dans la psychose. L'adresse du transfert à l'analyste, au contraire, permet au discours sur la drogue dans sa dimension signifiante d'opérer comme une forme de construction symbolique pour nouer les registres.

The insertion of psychoanalysts in institutions of the mental health network, especially in spaces dedicated to the care of users of alcohol and other drugs, broadens the discussion on the structural diagnosis in the face of psychoactive substance use. The use of drugs in psychosis can operate as an attempt at stabbilization by locating in the real of the substance the effects of the invasion of the real of psychotic symptoms. The objective of this article is to discuss, based on a clinical case, the possibility of symbolic construction when facing the failure of this resource. The case demonstrates through lacan´s theory that drug use can be captured by the process of disorganization of the drive. The function of dream in psychosis is discussed through its relation to delusion. The transferential addre to the analyst, on the other hand, allows the discourse about drugs in its signifying dimension to operate as a form of symbolic construction for tying the registers

Os efeitos clínicos e institucionais do dispositivo "Construção do Caso Clínico" em um Serviço Residencial Terapêutico / Clinical and institutional effects of the "Case-building method" in a Terapeutic Residential Service / Les effects cliniques et institucionnels de la méthode "Construction de Cas Cliniques" dans un Service Thérapeutique Résidentiel / Los efectos clínicos e institucionales del dispositivo "Consctrucción de Caso Clínico" en Servicio Residencial Terapéutico

Este artigo apresenta os Serviços Residenciais Terapêuticos (SRT) como equipamentos destinados à moradia de pessoas egressas de longos períodos de internação em hospital psiquiátrico, analisando, a partir da teoria psicanalítica, o trabalho desenvolvido por uma equipe de SRT orientada pelo método da Construção do Caso Clínico. Objetiva discutir os efeitos clínicos e institucionais da Construção do Caso Clínico para a estabilização da psicose de um morador do SRT. O campo de estudo é localizado no Bairro Bom Jardim, na cidade de Fortaleza-CE. A pesquisa foi realizada de dezembro de 2020 a agosto de 2021. Conclui-se que a Construção do Caso Clínico é uma contribuição rica da psicanálise para a noção de Projeto Terapêutico Singular (PTS), possibilitando redimensionar a direção do cuidado. Convoca-se, assim, a equipe a partir do caso; e não sobre o saber prévio acerca dele.

This article presents the Therapeutic Residential Services (TRS) as facilities for housing people discharged from long hospitalization periods at a psychiatric hospital by analyzing, based on psychoanalytic theory, the work developed by a SRT team guided by the case-building method. It discusses the clinical and institutional effects of case-building for stabilizing the psychosis of a SRT resident. The SRT surveyed is located at Bom Jardim, a neighborhood in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Research was conducted from December 2020 to August 2021. In conclusion, case-building is a rich contribution from psychoanalysis to the notion of the Singular Therapeutic Project (STP), allowing to restructure the scope of care offered. Thus, the team is convened based on the case itself and not on the previous knowledge about it.

Cet article présente les Services Thérapeutiques Résidentiels (SRT) comme des équipements d'accueil pour les personnes sortant d'une longue hospitalisation en hôpital psychiatrique en analysant, à partir de la théorie psychanalytique, le travail développé par une équipe SRT guidée par la méthode de construction de cas clinique. On discute les effets cliniques et institutionnels de la construction de cas clinique pour stabiliser la psychose d'un résident du SRT. Le SRT enquêté est situé dans le quartier Bom Jardim, dans la ville de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brésil. La recherche a été menée de décembre 2020 à août 2021. En conclusion, la construction de cas clinique est un apport riche de la psychanalyse à la notion de Projet Thérapeutique Singulier (PTS), permettant de restructurer l'orientation du soin. Ainsi, l'équipe est convoquée en fonction du cas lui-même et non en fonction des connaissances préalables à celui-ci.

Este artículo presenta los Servicios Residenciales Terapéuticos (SRT) como mecanismos destinados al alojamiento de personas egresadas de largos períodos de hospitalización en un hospital psiquiátrico, además analiza, desde la teoría psicoanalítica, el trabajo desarrollado por un equipo SRT guiado por el método de construcción de casos. Su objetivo es discutir los efectos clínicos e institucionales de la construcción del caso clínico para estabilizar la psicosis de un residente de SRT. El campo de estudio está ubicado en el barrio Bom Jardim, en la ciudad de Fortaleza, en Ceará (Brasil), y la encuesta se realizó entre diciembre de 2020 y agosto de 2021. Se concluye que la construcción del caso clínico es un gran aporte del psicoanálisis a la noción de Proyecto Terapéutico Singular (PTS) por permitir redimensionar la orientación del cuidado. Así, no se convoca el equipo desde el conocimiento previo del caso, sino desde su función.

Does Allulose Appeal to Consumers? Results from a Discrete Choice Experiment in Germany.

Reducing the sugar content in food is an important goal in many countries in order to counteract obesity and unhealthy eating. Currently, many consumers eat a number of foods with too much sugar content. However, mankind has an innate preference for sweet foods, and thus one strategy is to have food products which taste sweet but consist of a reduced calorie and sugar content. Allulose is a rare monosaccharide and is considered a safe ingredient in foods, for example in the US, Japan, Singapore, and Mexico, while in Europe, it is in the approval process as a novel food. Thus, it is relevant to find out how consumers perceive the different attributes of allulose in comparison to other sweeteners. Therefore, an online survey consisting of a choice experiment was conducted in Germany to find out consumer preferences of sweeteners. The survey data were analyzed using a mixed logit model. The results reveal that taste is the most important attribute for sweeteners, which explains about 40% of the choice. In the attribute level, a typical sugar taste is preferred. As allulose has a typical sugar taste, the likelihood that it appeals to consumers is high. The second most important attribute is the base product.