Managing nurse redeployment during the Covid-19 pandemic, lessons for future redeployment: A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: The mass redeployment of nurses was critical across countries necessitated by the acute health impact of Covid-19. Knowledge was limited regarding how to manage nurse redeployment or the impact that redeployment might have. Redeployment continues, particularly in response to the current staffing crisis and surges such as winter pressures. This study aims to address these gaps in evidence to inform guidance on how best to manage nurse redeployment in practice. OBJECTIVES: First, to understand the processes and underpinning decisions made by managers when managing nurse redeployment prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Second, to identify the lessons that can be learned to improve the management of on-going nurse redeployment. DESIGN: Qualitative study utilising semi-structured interviews and focus groups with nurse managers (ISRCTN: 18172749). SETTING(S): Three acute National Health Service (NHS) Trusts in England with geographical and ethnic diversity, and different Covid-19 contexts. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-two nurse managers and four Human Resource advisors responsible for redeploying nurses or receiving and supporting redeployed nurses. METHODS: Participants took part in face-to-face or virtual semi-structured interviews from February 2021 to November 2021 and virtual focus groups from July to December 2021. Qualitative data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS: Four themes were evident in the data, capturing four distinctive phases of the redeployment process. There was a fundamental mismatch between how different parts of the nursing and managerial workforce conceived of their decision-making responsibilities across different phases. This led to managers taking inconsistent and sometimes contradictory approaches when redeploying nurses, and a disconnect between nursing staff at all levels of the chain of command. Furthermore, in conjunction with limited guidance in operationalising redeployment and the distressing experiences vocalised by nurses, nurse managers found nurse redeployment logistically and emotionally challenging; and felt 'caught in the middle' of meeting both their managerial and mentoring responsibilities. This became increasingly challenging during subsequent phases of redeployment and remained challenging once the pandemic waned. CONCLUSIONS: The approach to nurse redeployment in response to the Covid-19 pandemic prioritised nurse staffing numbers over personal well-being. Key principles of good practice relating to nurse redeployment during the Covid-19 pandemic can be applied to improve future redeployment of nurses and support positive outcomes. Having a planned approach for staff redeployment during normal service delivery comprising operational guidance for those tasked with implementing redeployment, that is scalable in a crisis setting, would be beneficial for the nursing workforce.

The joy of surgery: how gender influences surgeons' experiences.

INTRODUCTION: Burnout in medicine is an epidemic, and surgeons are not immune. Studies often focus on negative factors leading to burnout, with less emphasis on optimizing joy. The purpose of this study, conducted by the SAGES Reimagining the Practice of Surgery Task Force, was to explore how gender may influence surgeon well-being to better inform organizational change. METHODS: The study team developed a survey with the domains: facilitators of joy, support for best work, time for work tasks, barriers to joy, and what they would do with more time. The survey was emailed to 5777 addresses on the SAGES distribution list. Results were analyzed by calculating summary statistics. RESULTS: 223 surgeons completed the survey; 62.3% identified as men, 32.3% as women, and 5.4% did not indicate gender. Female compared to male respondents were younger (41.6 vs 52.5 years) and had practiced for fewer years (8.4 vs 19.4 years). The three greatest differences in facilitators of joy were being a leader in the field, leading clinical teams, and teaching, with a > 10 percentage point difference between men/women rating these highly (score of ≥ 8). Women generally perceived less support from their institutions than men. The greatest gender difference was in support for teaching, with 52.8% of men rating this highly compared to 30.2% of women. Only 52% of women felt respected by coworkers most of the time compared to 68.3% of men. Most (96.0%) respondents (men 95.7% and women 98.6%) reported wanting more time with family and friends. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the complexity of the personal and professional factors that influence joy in surgery, highlight gender differences that impact joy and suggests opportunities for improved gender-based support. These results can inform potential organization-level changes and further research to better understand emerging differences in joy across gender identities.

A Comprehensive Study of Positive Body Image as a Predictor of Psychological Well-Being in Anorexia Nervosa.

Recent data suggest a close association between positive body image (PBI) and eating disorder recovery. Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms through which PBI may facilitate recovery from anorexia nervosa (AN) remain unknown. To advance understanding of these mechanisms, this study examined core indices of PBI within AN, exploring its association with emotion regulation and well-being outcomes. Data were collected from 159 female participants, 64 with AN diagnosis and 95 healthy controls (HCs), who completed measures of PBI (body appreciation, functionality appreciation, and body responsiveness), emotion regulation, and psychological well-being (depression, anxiety, stress, and psychological quality of life). The AN group reported lower levels of PBI and psychological well-being, along with greater difficulties in regulating emotions, relative to HCs. PBI variables significantly predicted emotion regulation and psychological well-being in AN, accounting for 36% to 72% of the variance, with body appreciation emerging as the strongest predictor. These findings lend credence to the view that PBI can serve as a catalyst for psychological health. We hypothesize that enhancing PBI can improve interoceptive awareness, which is crucial for emotion regulation and reducing maladaptive food-related coping. Emphasizing a mind-body connection in lifestyle could be a relevant element to consider for both treating and preventing AN.

Positive and Negative Correlates of Psychological Well-Being and Distress in College Students' Mental Health: A Correlational Study.

BACKGROUND: Recognizing the positive or negative effects of students' mental health promotes personal development, well-being, and academic success. Academic life exposes college students to multiple adjustments, demands, and vulnerabilities that can cause stress and mental health problems. This study aims to identify psychological well-being and psychological distress effects on college students' mental health. METHODS: A correlational study was designed involving a non-probabilistic 560 sample of students (446 women) aged 18 to 41 years (M = 19.6; SD = 1.68). An online self-report questionnaire was used including demographic, relational, academic, and health behaviors variables, and the measures: Mental Health Inventory; Satisfaction with Social Support Scale; Academic Life Satisfaction Scale; and Psychological Vulnerability Scale. RESULTS: Regression analyses indicate that male students, dating, good academic performance, exercise, sleeping seven hours, satisfaction with social support, and academic life satisfaction were significant correlates (p < 0.05) of psychological well-being, with the last two having great weight in the model. Females, low income, aged 21-24 years, sleeping less than 6 h, moderate psychological vulnerability, and perception of vulnerability were significant (p < 0.05) negative effects of psychological distress. CONCLUSIONS: This study addresses the positive and negative effects of psychological well-being and distress in college students. Specific mental health promotion and morbidity prevention programs can improve students' mental health literacy and resilience.

The effects of mandala coloring on fatigue, psychological well-being, and coping with stress in patients receiving hemodialysis treatment.

BACKGROUND: Hemodialysis is an important health problem that negatively affects psychosocial status and support systems. Through practices such as mandala coloring, individuals transfer the unknowns they experience to the outside and make them visible. This study was conducted to examine the effects of mandala coloring on fatigue, psychological well-being, and factors associate with coping with stress in patients receiving hemodialysis treatment. METHODS: The design was a prospective, parallel-group controlled trial. The study was conducted in the dialysis unit of a university hospital in eastern Turkey between April 4 and October 31, 2022, with a total of 60 patients, 30 in the intervention group, and 30 in the control group. The patients in the intervention group colored mandala once a week for 2 h, for a total of 8 weeks. The data were collected face-to-face using a patient information form, a Fatigue Severity Scale, a Psychological Well-Being Scale, and a Ways of Coping Questionnaire. RESULTS: There were improvements in fatigue severity and psychological well-being over the 8-week study period in both the intervention and control groups. Scores were similar at baseline in the control and intervention groups, but better in the intervention groups compared to controls at 4 and 8 weeks for both metrics (p < 0001). Five factors from the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (self-confident approach, optimistic approach, seeking social support, helpless approach, and submissive approach) each improved during the 8-week period in the intervention group (p < 0.001). Three of these five factors improved in the control group as well. Scores for each of the five coping factors were better in the intervention group compared to controls at 4 and 8 weeks (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Mandala coloring improved fatigue and psychological well-being and was associated with improved patient coping strategies.

Mentalizing as a Predictor of Well-Being and Emotion Regulation: Longitudinal Evidence from a Community Sample of Young Adults.

Background: In recent years, mentalizing - the capacity to understand one's own and others' intentional mental states in social contexts - has been considered to be a protective capacity that enables adaptive processing of stress-related emotional arousal, benefits general well-being and underpins adaptive emotion regulation. Objective: Several studies using cross-sectional research designs have demonstrated the potential health-promoting effect of mentalizing in non-clinical samples. However, longitudinal evidence is scarce. The present study aimed to investigate whether mentalizing predicts well-being and emotion regulation strategies in a non-clinical sample of mainly young adults using a prospective longitudinal design. Methods: In a prospective research design, 135 participants completed questionnaires assessing well-being, psychological symptom severity and mentalizing capacity at baseline (T1). Twelve months later (T2), emotion regulation strategies (suppression and cognitive reappraisal), well-being and psychological symptom severity were assessed by self-report. The data were analyzed using multivariate linear regression analysis. Results: Impairments in mentalizing were a significant negative predictor of well-being 12 months later. Furthermore, impairments in mentalizing positively predicted suppression of emotional states at T2. No association was found between deficits in mentalizing and cognitive reappraisal of emotional states over the course of 1 year. Conclusion: The findings indicate that mentalizing is longitudinally associated with mental health indicators in a non-clinical adult sample. Specifically, ineffective mentalizing was associated with impaired psychological well-being and a tendency to suppress intense emotional states over a period of 1 year. Future research should replicate these findings using multiple measurement timepoints to etablish causality.

The effects of a web-based 24-hour movement behavior lifestyle education program on mental health and psychological well-being in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Compared with parents of neurotypical children or children diagnosed with other disabilities, parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience poorer mental health, greater stress, and more depression and anxiety symptoms. This study aimed to assess the effects of a web-based 24-h movement behavior lifestyle education program on mental health and psychological well-being in parents of children with ASD. METHODS: This study employed a randomized controlled trial utilizing the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) as a theoretical framework. A total of 318 parents of children with ASD were enrolled and randomly assigned to the experimental or control group. The experimental group received an 8-week web-based 24-h movement behavior lifestyle education program, while the control group followed their usual routine. Two instruments, the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), were used to measure mental health and psychological well-being, respectively. The data were collected at two time points-at the beginning and the end of the intervention. RESULTS: Compared with the baseline and control groups, the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in all outcome measures (p < 0.01). There were significant differences in the DASS-21 and SWLS scores between the two groups before and after the intervention (p ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study represents the first randomized controlled trial involving a web-based 24-h movement behavior lifestyle education program specifically designed to address the mental health and psychological well-being of parents of children with ASD. The findings confirm the potential impact of 24-h movement behavior lifestyle education as a functional and effective strategy for parents of children with ASD.

Psychological wellbeing with music therapy: the moderating role of health awareness, and strategic health management in post Covid-19 era.

BACKGROUND: Psychological problems are common among the people of every community. These psychological issues are leading people to mental health issues. Human well-being is required to be improved appropriately for the better health of the public. The objective of this research is to determine the influence of music therapy on the sustainable psychological well-being of the Chinese community. Furthermore, this research determines that moderating role of health awareness and strategic health management between music therapy and sustainable psychological well-being. METHOD: The research used a sample of 384 collected with a random sampling method. For data collection, a cross-sectional method was adopted to collect data on a Likert scale questionnaire. The Health Awareness Scale, Music Therapy Scale, Sustainable Health Management Scale and Sustainable Psychological Wellbeing Scale was used in this research. RESULTS: The findings of the research highlighted that there is a significant and positive influence of music therapy on the sustainable psychological well-being of the Chinese community. This research also concluded that there is a significant and positive moderating role of health awareness and strategic health management between music therapy and sustainable psychological well-being. The findings of this research are new and novel in the literature on psychological well-being. CONCLUSION: This research has some theoretical and practical implications to advance the literature and practice for sustainable psychological well-being respectively. In clinical practice, music therapy can be effectively used to improve the psychological well-being of individuals with sustainability. The information related to health awareness and practice for strategic health management is also necessary for the clinical patients to improve their psychological well-being.

Identifying the active content of interventions targeting the psychological well-being of carers of people with motor neuron disease: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: The primary aim of this research was to use a taxonomy of behavior change techniques (BCTTv1) to identify, map, and describe the active components of intervention and comparator groups in studies evaluating the psychological well-being (PWB) of motor neuron disease (MND) carers. Secondary aims were to (a) identify absent active ingredients and (b) explore whether variability in the effectiveness of interventions targeting the PWB of MND carers could be better explained through improved characterization of the active content of these interventions. METHODS: Mixed-methods systematic review based on Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods reviews and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Content-coding of interventions targeting the PWB of MND carers using BCTTv1 was conducted. RESULTS: Sixteen manuscripts describing 14 studies were included. Forty-one of the possible 93 behavior change techniques (BCTs, 44%) were identified as active ingredients, while 52 BCTs (56%) were absent. BCTs were identified in all 14 intervention groups and 4 control groups. Four of the 16 overall BCTTv1 categories were absent. Eleven of the 14 studies demonstrated PWB benefits from their interventions. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS: Identified and absent BCTs and BCTTv1 categories were mapped for all study groups, enabling a transparent characterization of active intervention content associated with positive PWB outcomes. Directions to improve interventions in this nascent field of research included the investigation of relevant untested BCTs in this population and the management of reporting and methodological quality issues.

The effect of sociodemographic characteristics, academic factors, and individual health behaviors on psychological well-being among college students.

Objective: This study aimed to measure the potential relationships between sociodemographic characteristics, academic factors, body mass index (BMI), financial challenges, individual health behaviors, impact of COVID-19, and psychological well-being (PWB) among students. Participants: Undergraduate college students. Methods: Data from the National College Health Assessment III (American College Health Association [ACHA]) were used (n = 1,439). Differences in absolute values among PWB groups were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). To measure the influence of all factors combined on PWB, multiple regression analyses were performed. Results: Significant differences were observed in age, GPA, financial challenges, and individual health behaviors by PWB groups (p < .05). Being older, being female, having a higher GPA, being a full-time student, having a higher intake of vegetables, taking less time to fall asleep, and having lower stress levels were significantly positively associated with higher PWB scores (p < .05). Conclusions: Multiple considerations related to the academic environment and individual behaviors seem to influence PWB among college students.

Does Mandala Art Therapy Improve Psychological Well-Being of Gynecological Cancer Patients During the Perioperative Period? A Quasi-Experimental Study.

BACKGROUND: Women with gynecological cancer often experience psychological distress, particularly in response to surgical procedures. The impact of mandala art therapy (MAT) during the perioperative period for gynecological cancer patients remains uncertain. We aimed to examine the effects of the MAT program in women with gynecological cancer. METHODS: Employing a quasi-experimental design, we recruited 126 gynecological cancer patients from a university hospital through convenience sampling. Participants were assigned to either receive the MAT program or standard perioperative care. The interventions comprised a three-session MAT program guided by a team of trained mandala psychologists. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were employed to analyze the effects of MAT over time. RESULTS: A total of 126 patients were enrolled, and 118 completed the entire study. Over 90% of participants completed the perioperative MAT interventions, reporting relatively high satisfaction with the program (7.70 out of 10). Individuals in the MAT group exhibited improved therapeutic effects on STAI-S, VASS, and vital signs over time. Notably, significant group*time interaction effects were noted in STAI-S scores at both the first evaluation, T1 (ß = -4.220, P < .005) and the third evaluation, T3 (ß = -3.797, P < .05), and VASS scores at T1 (ß = -11.186, P < .005), T2 (ß = -9.915, P < .05) and T3 (ß = -9.831, P < .05). Regarding vital signs, the multivariate GEE model revealed significant interaction effects in systolic blood pressure values at both T1 (ß = -7.102, P < .05) and T3 (ß = -10.051, P < .005), diastolic blood pressure values at T3 (ß = -6.441, P < .005), and pulse values at T1 (ß = -6.085, P < .005). No significant differences were observed between groups for pain, hope, or self-acceptance. CONCLUSION: This study posited that MAT could serve as a valuable complementary approach in perioperative care for addressing the psychological needs of women with gynecological cancer. Subsequent research employing more robust methodologies and larger, more diverse participant samples will be necessary to validate these conclusions.

Promoting Psychological Well-being in Preschoolers Through Mindfulness-based Socio-emotional Learning: A Randomized-controlled Trial.

Mental health issues in children and young people are frequent and can have enduring negative consequences. Preventive early interventions delivered at school may foster psychological well-being, and preliminary evidence suggests that mindfulness-based social and emotional learning (SEL) interventions have positive effects on children's mental health. The aim of this study was to evaluate a mindfulness-based SEL curriculum including a French adaptation of the Kindness Curriculum (KC), delivered by pre-kindergarten teachers, in a cluster randomized control trial. Sixty-four classes (761 children, aged 38-58 months) from a socio-economically disadvantaged area in France were randomly assigned to either intervention or waiting-list control conditions. Indicators of children's mental health, self-management, positive relationships with teachers and peers, emotional processing and executive functioning were collected through teacher-rated questionnaires, standardized observations, and behavioral tasks. Results in the whole sample indicated a positive effect of the intervention on children's mental health, including a reduction in emotional, conduct and peer relationship problems, and a reduction in teacher-child conflicts. No significant effects were found on the other indicators. Heterogeneity analyses revealed stronger effects of the intervention on several indicators for children who had a teacher with lower level of teaching experience, for children with lower baseline mental health and for older children. This program therefore appears as a promising early school-based intervention promoting mental health and positive relationships, especially in a subgroup of at-risk preschool-aged children.

The joy of surgery: how surgeons experience joy, time, and support.

BACKGROUND: Burnout is a crisis in medicine, and especially in surgery it has serious implications not only for physician well-being but also for patient outcomes. This study builds on previous SAGES Reimagining the Practice of Surgery Task Force work to better understand how organizations might intervene to increase the "joy in surgery." METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study utilizing a REDCap survey with closed-ended questions for data collection across 5 domains: facilitators of joy, support for best work, time for work tasks, barriers to joy, and what they would do with more time. We calculated average scores and "percentage of respondents giving a high score" for each item. RESULTS: There were 307 individuals who started the survey; 223 completed it and were surgeons who met the inclusion criteria. The majority (85.7%) were trained in general surgery, regardless of sub-specialty. Surgeons found joy in operating and its technical skills, curing disease, patient relationships, and working with a good team. They reported usually having what they needed to deliver care. A majority felt valued and respected. Most were dissatisfied with reimbursement, perceiving it as unfair. The most commonly worked range of hours was 51-70 per week. They reported having little time for paperwork and documentation, and if they had more time, they would spend it with friends and family. CONCLUSION: Organizations should consider interventions to address the operative environment, provide appropriate staff support, and foster good teamwork. They can also consider interventions that alleviate time pressures and administrative burden while at the same time promoting sustainable workloads.

Association between Weight Changes over a 4-Year Period and Health-Related Quality of Life in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Korea: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study Cohort.

Background: The relationship between weight change and quality of life remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate whether changes in body weight among participants in different baseline body mass index categories are associated with physical and mental health functioning. Methods: We conducted an analysis involving 5,106 adults who participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, a cohort comprising Korean adults aged 40 to 69 years. We categorized participants into three groups based on body weight change, and physical and mental health were assessed using the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey in year 4. We employed logistic regression analysis to assess the association between body weight change and poor functioning at year 4. We also utilized a generalized estimating equation to determine the relationship between weight changes and mental component summary (MCS) scores over the study period for each weight group. Results: Weight gain in both the normal weight (odds ratio [OR], 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13-3.11; P=0.01) and overweight groups (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.05-2.91; P=0.03) was associated with poor MCS. Normal weight weight-losers were associated with a greater increase (2.69 points; 95% CI, 0.50-4.88) in MCS compared to weightmaintainers. Significant differences in mean MCS were observed for overweight weight-losers, obese weight-gainers, and underweight weight-gainers when compared to weight maintainers in each respective weight group. Conclusion: Different patterns of relationships between weight change and mental health-related quality of life were observed. Hence, it is crucial to focus on the mental health of middle-aged and older adults when assessing body weight changes.

Eating disorder symptoms and weight pressure in female rowers: associations between self-concept, psychological well-being and body composition.

BACKGROUND: Female rowers may be at risk of eating disorders and high weight pressure. AIM: The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of disordered eating symptoms and weight-related pressure and the associations with self-concept, psychological well-being, socio-demographic data, experience, performance level and body composition in female fixed-bench rowers. METHODS: Female rowers (n = 208; age ranged mean ± SD 23.6 ± 6.5 years) completed the SCOFF scale, Weight-Pressures in Sport-Females (WPS-F), Physical Self-Concept Questionnaire and the Ryff scales of psychological well-being and provided information on their experience and level of competition. In a subgroup of 115 athletes, body composition was assessed using bioimpedance. RESULTS: It was found that 42.3% of the athletes scored ≥ 2 on SCOFF and mean ± SD value of WPS-F score was 3.65 ± 0.82. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that self-concept of strength and pressure from teammates and the uniform were associated with higher ED symptoms, whereas better psychological well-being in terms of autonomy, self-concept of attractiveness, and age were protective factors for ED symptoms. BMI, athletes' physical condition, strength, and experience were associated with more weight-related pressure and better self-concept of attractiveness and physical well-being of autonomy were significantly associated with less pressure. In body composition analysis, higher extra cellular water, self-acceptance, and physical condition were associated with more weight-related pressure in female rowers, being attractiveness and the environmental mastery protective elements. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of ED symptomatology and weight-related pressure are high in female fixed bench rowing. The psychological factors of well-being and self-concept, team environment, body image concerns and body composition analysis should be considered to promote healthy eating behaviours in female rowers.

Athletes may be at increased risk of developing disordered eating behaviours that, if persistent, may lead to a diagnosis of an eating disorder. This can affect their health in the short and long term. The risk factors are many, and perceived weight-related pressures and psychological attitudes towards body image, appearance and concerns are less well understood. Female rowers are at high risk for eating disorder symptoms, and athletes' self-concept of strength and pressure from teammates and the uniform were associated as negative factors for eating disorder symptoms. On the other hand, better psychological well-being in terms of autonomy, self-concept of attractiveness and age were protective factors for eating disorder symptoms. Weight pressure was associated with higher body mass index, water retention, physical condition, strength and experience, whereas better self-concept of attractiveness and physical well-being were significantly associated with less pressure. Weight pressure and psychological attitudes towards body image have the role of protective/facilitating factors against the development of eating disorders. They should be taken into account when designing prevention and intervention programmes for athletes, coaches, parents and technical staff.

Direct and indirect effects of psychological well-being and therapeutic alliance on therapy outcome in eating disorders.

Introduction: Outcome research in eating disorders (EDs) is commonly focused on psychopathological dysfunction. However, Ryff's model of psychological well-being (PWB) has shown promising-yet preliminary-results with ED patients. Additionally, despite substantial evidence highlighting the association between the therapeutic alliance and treatment outcome, findings in ED samples remain unclear. The present study aimed at exploring the direct effect of PWB dimensions and the early therapeutic alliance on ED patients' individual treatment responses, as well as the mediating role played by the early therapeutic alliance in the relationship between PWB dimensions and overall pre-post symptom change. Methods: A sample of N = 165 ED patients assigned female at birth, who were receiving treatment in a residential program, completed the Psychological Well-Being Scale at treatment intake and the Working Alliance Inventory after the first four psychotherapy sessions. Patients also completed the Outcome Questionnaire-45.2 at the same time point and during the week prior to discharge. Results: The PWB dimensions of autonomy, positive relations, and self-acceptance were associated with clinically significant change, while the dimensions of personal growth and self-acceptance were associated with reliable change. The early therapeutic alliance showed both direct and indirect effects on therapy outcome, predicting clinically significant and reliable symptom reduction. It also emerged as a significant mediator in the relationship between all PWB dimensions and overall symptomatic change. Conclusion: The identification of individual, adaptive characteristics in ED patients that might influence their development of an early therapeutic alliance may help therapists to predict relationship ruptures and tailor their interventions to enhance treatment effectiveness.

Associations among intimate partner violence, suicidal ideation, suicide behaviors, non-suicidal self-injury, and psychological well-being in Black American emerging adults.

BACKGROUND: Suicidal ideation and behavior and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among Black emerging adults is a major public health concern. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant risk factor for suicidal ideation and behavior and NSSI, but there is little work examining the buffering effect of psychological well-being (PWB). The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between IPV, suicide ideation and behavior, and NSSI, and the moderating role of PWB on these associations. METHOD: Secondary data analyses were conducted using a subsample of Black American emerging adults (N = 4694) from the National College Health Assessment. RESULTS: IPV was associated with greater odds of suicide ideation, past-year suicide attempt, and NSSI. PWB was associated with lower odds of suicide ideation, past-year suicide attempt, and NSSI. PWB did not moderate the relationships between IPV and the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: IPV was a risk factor for suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and NSSI among Black American emerging adults. PWB was associated with lower suicidal ideation and behavior and NSSI engagement, suggesting it can be a protective factor. Bolstering PWB in Black communities may be beneficial in intervention and prevention efforts.

The effect of educational intervention according to mindfulness on the psychological well-being of female heads of households.

OBJECTIVE: The low level of psychological well-being is one of the most common problems of the women who are the heads of households, and various educational programs have been conducted to improve the psychological well-being of such a group. The present study was conducted to outline the effectiveness of mindfulness-based educational intervention in the psychological well-being of women as the heads of households. METHODS: This research as a semi-experimental study was done by pretest-posttest design and control group. The study statistical population included all women as the heads of households in Shiraz, who had a file in the Shiraz based welfare office and at the same time their children were studying in schools covered by the 2nd district educational department of Shiraz in 2022-2023. Out of the female heads of the households in the statistical community, 30 women were selected as Purposive sampling and then randomly divided into two 15-individual groups, including experimental group (training on mindfulness-based therapy) and control group. The research tool included Ryff's psychological well-being scale (Ryff, 1989). The experimental group was subjected to training on mindfulness-based therapy (Baer et al., 2006) during eight 90-min sessions. However, the control group did not receive any intervention. RESULT: After running the intervention, a significant difference was seen between the components of autonomy, personal growth, purpose in life, self-acceptance, positive relationship with others, and psychological well-being after running the educational intervention between the experimental and control groups (P < 0.05), while no meaningful difference popped up between the experimental and control groups in terms of environmental mastery as one of the aspects measured in psychological well-being scale after the educational intervention (P = 0.602). CONCLUSION: According to the results, it seems that psychologists can benefit from the method of training on mindfulness-based therapy in order to increase the psychological well-being of women as the heads of households.

Stress, mental health, and protective factors in nursing students: An observational study.

BACKGROUND: Nursing students suffer high levels of stress, especially in the first year. OBJECTIVES: to compare academic stress at the beginning and end of nursing studies; to analyse the relationships between academic stress, mental health, and protective factors; and to examine whether resilience mitigates the effect of academic stress on psychological well-being. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Sample was 370 first- and fourth-year nursing students from Spain (University of Castilla-La Mancha, University of Cantabria, and University of Sevilla). VARIABLES AND DATA COLLECTION: We assessed academic and clinical stress, coping skills, anxiety, depression, psychological well-being, and resilience were measured. DATA ANALYSIS: We performed a descriptive analysis of the study sample, as well as correlation and hierarchical regression models. Additionally, mediation models were estimated. RESULTS: First-year students presented higher academic stress than fourth-year students. Clinical stress, anxiety, depression, and emotional coping predicted academic stress, while academic stress, depression, and coping skills predicted psychological well-being. Mediation models showed a significant path between academic stress, resilience, depression, and psychological well-being. CONCLUSION: Academic stress has a detrimental effect on the mental health. Coping strategies and resilience may be protective factors that should be encouraged in interventions designed to improve psychological well-being.

Bimodal diurnal preference in undergraduate students is associated with negative health and sleep outcomes.

The bimodal preference is a fourth diurnal preference proposed by re-scoring the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire. The present work aimed to describe the prevalence of the bimodal preference in a sample of undergraduate students and to characterize the bimodal type in terms of their health and sleep-related outcomes. A web-based cross-sectional study conducted between September 2018 and March 2021 (convenience sampling method). The sample was composed of undergraduate students who completed an electronic form that included the Morningness and Eveningness Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Self-Compassion Scale, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the World Health Organization Subjective Well-Being Index. The final sample consisted of 615 students (82% female, mean age: 23.4 ± 6.5 years), of whom 108 (18%) had positive bimodality indexes. Bimodal subjects comprised 48 students, 8% of the total sample. Bimodal subjects had poorer subjective sleep quality, more daytime sleepiness, lower subjective well-being, greater anxiety and depression symptoms, and lower self-compassion than morning and/or intermediate types; they did not differ from evening types. The description of bimodal diurnal preference in this population may be of interest for the design of academic policies more in line with the circadian reality of students.