A bibliometric review study of Michael Burawoy.

This review article utilizes the technique of citation-based bibliometric analysis to provide a comprehensive understanding of the scholarly contributions made by sociologist Michael Burawoy. The most influential academic articles published by Burawoy were retrieved for analyses. Following this, scholars, journals and institutions that he most frequently collaborated with were traced. Further, country-wise analysis of his scholarship was carried out. Lastly, content analyses of retrieved articles identified prominent thematic domains in sociology to which Burawoy contributed, while temporal analyses helped to identify some emerging research hotspots. Findings reveal that historical and cultural context of Burawoy's research mostly remained confined to the U.S.A., however, he significantly contributed towards the foundation of sociology in the Global South and studied the ensuing global power imbalances. Contemporary sociological thought remains indebted to Burawoy for his comparative study of industrial relations in the 21st century, and recently, his elaboration upon the need for public sociology has taken the discipline in new intellectual directions that appeals to a broader sociological community.

Advancing Du Bois's Legacy Through Emancipatory Environmental Sociology.

Environmental sociology, while dedicating significant scholarship to issues of environmental racism and environmental justice, remains a predominately white subdiscipline that has not enjoyed general relevance across sociology. One of the drivers of the dominance of white perspectives in the subdiscipline is the lack of a core theoretical pillar that anchors the importance of racism to structuring inequitable environments. W.E.B. Du Bois not only offered a foundational approach to sociological inquiry, but also a deeply material perspective on the maintenance of racial inequities. Du Bois's approach to sociology lays the path for a liberatory approach that documents the scope of a problem, interrogates its drivers, and works with affected communities and allied resources to develop alternative models with transformative outcomes. This paper argues that an environmental understanding was original to Du Bois's methodology as demonstrated through his concept of the total environment. He connected inequitable environments to the legacy of racial capitalism, which he saw as driven by anti-Blackness. His solution was to advance Black solidarity and community cooperatives through Pan-Africanism. Du Bois' framework establishes an approach to conducting emancipatory environmental sociology that provides theoretical and methodological legitimacy for engaging in partnership with marginalized communities to advance their goals towards liberation.

[What does systemic relevance mean in times of the pandemic?Que signifie la notion d' « activité essentielle ¼ en temps de pandémie ?] / Was bedeutet Systemrelevanz in Zeiten der Pandemie?

This article explores the question of what systemic relevance means in times of the pandemic and to what extent "systemic relevance" could become a component of the socio-political semantics of the 21st century. To answer this question, empirical, theoretical, and thought-experimental considerations are being combined. The first part understands systemic relevance as an actor category and examines the term's career and shifting meanings in different discursive contexts. The second part understands systemic relevance as an analytical category and discusses three theoretical perspectives that accompany the establishment of quasi-sociological observational schemes in everyday life and politics. Finally, the third part is devoted to the conceptual challenges for sociology during and after the pandemic. Starting from a conceptual gap in the discourse of systemic relevance, it is argued that we cannot talk meaningfully about systemic relevance without at the same time considering the expected or planned duration with which certain institutions are being closed down or put into minimal operation in critical situations.

Cet article s'interroge sur le sens de la notion d' « activité essentielle ¼ en temps de pandémie et sur sa capacité à devenir, au-delà de la pandémie, un élément constitutif de la sémantique de la politique sociétale au 21e siècle. Pour répondre à cette question, l'article combine des réflexions d'ordre empirique, théorique et expérimental. La première partie conçoit la notion d' « activité essentielle ¼ comme une catégorie utilisée par les acteurs et analyse la carrière et le glissement de sens de cette notion dans divers contextes discursifs. La deuxième partie conçoit la notion d'activité essentielle comme une catégorie analytique et discute trois perspectives théoriques qui vont de pair avec l'établissement de grilles de lecture quasi-sociologiques utilisables dans la vie quotidienne et la politique. Enfin, la troisième partie est consacrée aux défis conceptuels rencontrés par la sociologie pendant et après la pandémie. À partir du constat d'un vide dans le discours sur la notion d'activité essentielle, la thèse développée ici est que nous ne pouvons pas parler d'activité essentielle de manière censée sans parler en même temps de la durée attendue ou prévue durant laquelle certaines institutions sont mises hors service ou en service minimum dans des situations de crise.

Green Hope: Perspectives on Cannabis from People who Use Opioids.

While states are implementing policies to legalize cannabis for medical or recreational purposes, it remains a Schedule 1 controlled substance with no medical uses according to US federal law. The perception of cannabis depends on social and cultural norms that impact political institutions involved in implementing policy. Because of negative social constructions, such as the "gateway hypothesis," legalization of cannabis has been slow and contentious. Recent studies suggest that cannabis can help combat the opioid epidemic. This paper fills a gap in our understanding of how cannabis is viewed by people who are actively misusing opioids and not in treatment. Using ethnographic methods to recruit participants living in a state that legalized cannabis and a state where cannabis was illegal, survey and interview data were analyzed informed by a social constructionist lens. Findings from their "insider perspective" suggest that for some people struggling with problematic opioid use, cannabis can be beneficial.

[The coronavirus pandemic-a politically explosive catastropheLa pandémie de coronavirus - une catastrophe explosive]. / Die Corona-Pandemie ­ eine Katastrophe mit Sprengkraft.

The corona pandemic is a medical catastrophe that is intricately intertwined with an epochal economic-ecological double or "pincer-grip" crisis - thus goes the central thesis of this contribution. COVID-19 is defined as an "external shock" followed by a deep recession. Leaving aside the natural process of viral mutation, the pandemic, recession and pincer-grip crisis can be understood as distinct repulsions of an hyperglobalization that is gradually undermining its own conditions of existence. Meanwhile, the recent rupture cannot be adequately grasped without taking into account the financial crash of 2007 to 2009, the political interregnum of the post-crisis years and the tendency towards bonapartistic democracy. By itself, the corona crisis will not lead to a "build back better"; the emergency state is hardly capable of such a setting of the course. Instead, there is a rising danger that fierce conflicts over distribution, increasing inequality and desolidarization will make a turn to sustainability even harder.

La thèse centrale de cet article est que la pandémie de coronavirus est une catastrophe sanitaire qui se conjugue de manière singulière à une double crise économique et écologique d'une portée historique. Le COVID-19 est défini comme un « choc externe ¼ suivi d'une profonde récession. Abstraction faite des mutations naturelles à l'origine du virus, la pandémie, la récession et la double crise peuvent être conçues comme différents phénomènes de répulsion d'une hyper-mondialisation qui sape progressivement ses propres conditions d'existence. Cette nouvelle césure ne peut être comprise indépendamment du krach financier de 2007 à 2009, de l'interrègne politique des années qui ont suivi et de la tendance favorable aux démocraties bonapartistes. D'elle même, la crise du coronavirus ne conduit aucunement à une « reconstruction mais en mieux ¼ (build back better). L'état d'urgence n'est guère en mesure de poser les jalons d'une telle reconstruction. À la place, le risque grandit que des luttes pour le partage des richesses, des inégalités croissantes et une désolidarisation ne compliquent encore la transition vers la durabilité.

After the Storm: Inter-disciplinary Dialogic Discourses With a Post-Fishing Community.

This paper is a critical evaluation of a unique approach to working with disadvantaged communities, which involves inter-disciplinary collaboration between an Applied Theater (AT) director and a sociologist. The application of the approach, in a community disadvantaged by the loss of industry, provides the case study basis for the evaluation. Between 2014 and 2017 community participants from Eyemouth, southeast Scotland, worked with an artistic team led by director Fiona MacPherson, and a sociologist, Carol Stephenson, to develop a creative performance of the town's fishing disaster of 1881. This inter-disciplinary project was facilitated through dialogic discourses between community participants, AT director and sociologist in which the equalization of relationships, meaning-making and active listening were established as shared values and processes. The paper makes four claims. Firstly, sociological observation of the negotiation of the creative process revealed previously hidden and nuanced social interactions, which could later be examined in greater detail with the AT director and in focus group discussions with community participants. Second, the use of dialogic discourses in the critical appraisal of AT practice by the sociologist ultimately enabled the inter-disciplinary sharing of practice, ideas and theories that were mutually beneficial. Third, the creative process revealed insights into the lived experience of post-industrial communities and enabled public sociology discourse, which ultimately prompted social activism within the case study community. Last, while the inter-disciplinary approach is labor intensive and demands high levels of commitment to the shared values associated with dialogic discourses, it provides a new and innovative way of working with, and for, disadvantaged communities.

Public social science in Norway: Migration research in the public debate.

How do Norwegian migration and diversity researchers experience and maneuver participation in public debate? And do their experiences and strategies fit with Michael Burawoy's image of Norwegian social science and with his model of public sociology? In this article, the concept of public sociology is expanded to public social science, encompassing communication of research not just from sociology but social science in general. Semi-structured interviews with 31 Norwegian migration and diversity scholars from 10 academic institutions about their experiences of, and views on, public research communication constitute the empirical material. The article concludes that Burawoy is right about the relatively high participation in public debate among social scientists in Norway. And his ideal-typical distinction between four types of sociology is helpful in analyzing how researchers relate differently to the science-public interface. Yet the results indicate that his perspective on public sociology is overly optimistic and not sufficiently attuned to the normativity already attached to highly politicized issues in public debate.

Por uma tecnologia crítica, reflexiva e engajada com o público / For a critical, reflective and engaged technology with the public / Para una tecnología crítica, reflexiva y comprometida con el público / Pour une technologie critique, réfléchie et engagée avec le public

O artigo discute o potencial do subprojeto Com Rio Com Mar Opinião Popular enquanto uma tecnologia social de governança participativa dos públicos atingidos pelo derramamento dos rejeitos da barragem do Fundão, que transbordou nos municípios e comunidades ribeirinhas do Estado do Espírito Santo. O artigo discute as relações entre pesquisadores e os públicos criados, associados, suportados ou estimulados pelo projeto, destacando questões metodológicas, epistemológicas e o potencial de encaixes institucionais entre sociedade civil e Estado. Argumenta-se que a Sociologia Pública e a pesquisa ação são caminhos importantes a seguir junto aos sujeitos atingidos pelo desastre. O artigo se vale de materiais produzidos nas interações com os atingidos, por meio etnográficas políticas e grupos focais durante as oficinas promovidas pelo projeto, que sugerem a necessidade de recriar a ferramenta de acordo com a realidade local.

The paper points out the potential of the Com Rio Com Mar subproject as a social technology for participatory governance of the publics affected by the Fundão dam spill, which overflowed in the municipalities and riverside communities of Espírito Santo state/Brazil. The article discusses the relationship between researchers and the public created, associated, supported or stimulated by the project, highlighting methodological and epistemological issues, and the potential for institutional fits between civil society and the State. It is argued that Public Sociology and action research are important apparatus to work with disaster-stricken subjects. The article draws on materials produced in the interactions with those affected, through political ethnographic and focus groups during the workshops promoted by the project, which suggest the need to recreate the tool according to local reality.

El artículo analiza el potencial del subproyecto Com Rio Com Mar Opinião Popular como una tecnología social para la gobernanza participativa del público afectado por el derrame de la presa Fundão, que se desbordó en los municipios y las comunidades ribereñas del estado de Espírito Santo. El artículo analiza las relaciones entre los investigadores y el público creado, asociado, apoyado o estimulado por el proyecto, destacando cuestiones metodológicas, epistemológicas y el potencial de encaje institucional entre la sociedad civil y el Estado. Se argumenta que la Sociología Pública y la investigación de acción son vías importantes a seguir con los sujetos afectados por desastres. El artículo se basa en materiales producidos en la interacción con los afectados a través de grupos etnográficos y grupos focales durante los talleres promovidos por el proyecto, que sugieren la necesidad de recrear la herramienta de acuerdo con la realidad local.

L'article traite du potentiel du sous-projet Comriocommar Opinião Popular en tant que technologie sociale de gouvernance participative des publics touchés par le déversement des rebuts du barrage du Fundão, qui a débordé dans les communes et les communautés riveraines de l'Etat de l'Esprit Saint. L'article traite des relations entre les chercheurs et les publics créés, associés, soutenus ou stimulés par le projet, mettant en évidence les questions méthodologiques, épistémologiques et le potentiel de liens institutionnels entre société civile et Etat. On fait valoir que la sociologie publique et la recherche d'action sont des voies importantes à suivre auprès des sujets frappés par le désastre. L'article s'appuie sur des matériaux produits dans les interactions avec les personnes touchées, par des politiques ethnographiques et groupes focaux au cours des ateliers promus par le projet, qui suggèrent la nécessité de recréer l'outil selon la réalité locale.

Environmental Chemicals and Public Sociology: Engaged Scholarship on Highly Fluorinated Compounds.

We report here on a multifaceted body of research on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), chemicals that have become a well-known group of 'emerging contaminants' in recent years. Our PFAS Project team of over 10 researchers - faculty, postdocs, graduate students, and undergraduates - has been working since 2015 to study the extent and health effects of PFAS contamination through a broad model of engaged public sociology. Our model of research combines organic public sociology with elements of community-based participatory research, a related but distinct research form most widely used in the environmental health sciences. Based on long-term, place-based relationships, our engaged public sociology has led to numerous academic, regulatory, and social movement effects. We argue that this form of engaged, intervention-oriented public sociology is appropriate and beneficial for research in many areas of environmental sociology given the social and ecological stakes in the current moment. Engaged public sociology involves collaborative, reflexive research with broadly-conceived communities or publics. It facilitates the creation of previously undone science by addressing research topics of interest to community members, and allows researchers to directly contribute to environmental and social justice movements by acting as reflexive, observant participants.

Community centrality and social science research.

Community centrality is a growing requirement of social science. The field's research practices are increasingly expected to conform to prescribed relationships with the people studied. Expectations about community centrality influence scholarly activities. These expectations can pressure social scientists to adhere to models of community involvement that are immediate and that include community-based co-investigators, advisory boards, and liaisons. In this context, disregarding community centrality can be interpreted as failure. This paper considers evolving norms about the centrality of community in social science. It problematises community inclusion and discusses concerns about the impact of community centrality on incremental theory development, academic integrity, freedom of speech, and the value of liberal versus communitarian knowledge. Through the application of a constructivist approach, this paper argues that social science in which community is omitted or on the periphery is not failed science, because not all social science requires a community base to make a genuine and valuable contribution. The utility of community centrality is not necessarily universal across all social science pursuits. The practices of knowing within social science disciplines may be difficult to transfer to a community. These practices of knowing require degrees of specialisation and interest that not all communities may want or have.

Towards a global environmental sociology? Legacies, trends and future directions.

A current debate on environmental sociology involves how the subdiscipline should conceptualise and investigate the environment and whether it should be prescriptive and deliver policy recommendations. Taking this debate as a point of departure this article discusses the current and future role of sociology in a globalised world. It discusses how environmental sociology in the US and Europe differ in their understandings of sociology's contribution to the study of the environment. Particular stress is placed on how these two regions differ with respect to their use of the tradition of sociological thought, views on what constitutes the environment and ways of institutionalising environmental sociology as a sociological field. In conclusion, the question is raised of whether current versions of environmental sociology are appropriate for analysing a globalised world environment; or whether environmental sociology's strong roots in European and US cultures make it less relevant when facing an increasingly globalised world. Finally, the article proposes some new rules for a global environmental sociology and describes some of their possible implications for the sociological study of climate change.

Le débat actuel sur la sociologie de l'environnement porte sur la façon de conceptualiser et d'examiner l'environnement et sur la nécessité de proposer une approche normative et des recommandations politiques. À partir de ce débat, cet article examine le rôle actuel et futur de la sociologie dans le contexte de la mondialisation. Il analyse dans quelle mesure les recherches sociologiques de l'environnement aux États-Unis et en Europe diffèrent dans leur compréhension de la contribution de la sociologie à l'étude de l'environnement. Un accent particulier est mis sur les différences entre les deux régions pour ce qui concerne leur utilisation de la tradition sociologique, leur vision de la nature de l'environnement et leurs moyens d'institutionnaliser la sociologie de l'environnement en tant que domaine de recherche. En conclusion, ce travail soulève la question de savoir si les approches actuelles de la sociologie de l'environnement sont appropriées à l'analyse de l'environnement mondialisé et si les origines européennes et nord-américaines de la sociologie de l'environnement la rendent moins pertinente dans un contexte de mondialisation croissante. Enfin, cet article propose de nouvelles règles pour une sociologie mondiale de l'environnement et met en évidence les incidences possibles des études sociologiques sur le changement climatique.

Un debate actual sobre la sociología ambiental implica cómo la sub-disciplina debe conceptualizar e investigar el medio ambiente y si debe ser prescriptivo y entregar recomendaciones políticas. Tomando este debate como punto de partida, este trabajo analiza el papel actual y futuro de la sociología en un mundo globalizado. Se discute cómo la sociología ambiental en los EE.UU. y Europa difieren en su comprensión de la contribución de la sociología al estudio del medio ambiente. Se hace hincapié en cómo estas dos regiones difieren con respecto al uso de la tradición del pensamiento sociológico, perspectivas sobre lo que constituye el medio ambiente y las formas de institucionalización de la sociología ambiental como un campo sociológico. En conclusión, se plantea la cuestión de si las versiones actuales de la sociología ambiental son adecuadas para el análisis de un entorno mundial globalizado, o si el fuerte arraigo de la sociología del medio ambiente en las culturas europeas y estadounidenses hacen que sea menos relevante cuando enfrentadas a un mundo cada vez más globalizado. Por último, el trabajo propone algunas nuevas reglas para una sociología del medio ambiente mundial y describe algunas de sus posibles implicaciones para el estudio sociológico del cambio climático.

Por uma sociologia pública do esporte nas Américas: um chamado editorial em prol de uma educação física socialmente relevante / Por una sociología pública del deporte en las Américas: una convocatória editorial en pro de una educación física socialmente relevante / For a public sociology of sport in the americas: an editorial call on behalf of a socially engaged scholarship on sport and physical education

Trata-se de um ensaio produzido de forma conjunta pelos três editores do número especial da revista Movimento – Por uma sociologia pública do esporte nas Américas: conquistas, desafios e agendas emergentes, proposto em comemoração ao vigésimo aniversário desta revista brasileira e inspirado nos dez anos do manifesto de Burawoy em favor de uma sociologia pública. O texto está divido em três seções, a primeira, escrita originalmente em inglês, discute a importância de se praticar uma sociologia do esporte de caráter público e de se produzir pesquisas que efetivamente contribuam para o enfrentamento político de problemas concretos da sociedade. A segunda, escrita originalmente em português, trata dos efeitos do “produtivismo” acadêmico na política de comunicação científica brasileira, em especial para as ciências humanas e sociais, destacando a especificidade da Movimento na veiculação da produção sociocultural e pedagógica da educação física. A terceira, escrita originalmente em espanhol, cita os desafios enfrentados pela equipe editorial para a organização do número especial e apresenta de forma panorâmica o conteúdo dos textos que compuseram um chamado à produção científica socialmente relevante no campo.

This essay was jointly written by the three editors of the special issue of Movimento – For a Public Sociology of Sport in the Americas: Accomplishments, Challenges, and Emerging Agendas – celebrating the twentieth anniversary of this Brazilian journal and inspired by the tenth anniversary of Burawoy’s manifesto for a public sociology. The article is divided into three sections. The first section, originally written in English, discusses the importance of practicing sociology of sport with a public character and producing research that effectively and concretely contributes to political engagement with society’s problems. The second section, originally written in Portuguese, approaches the effects of academic “productivism” on Brazil’s scientific communication policy, especially for the humanities and social sciences. It stresses the specific role played by Movimento in disseminating socio-cultural and pedagogical research in physical education. The third section, originally written in Spanish, lays out the challenges faced by the editorial team to organize the special issue and presents an overview of the content of the texts included in a call for a socially relevant scientific production in the field.

Se trata de un ensayo producido de manera conjunta por los tres editores del número especial de la revista Movimento – Por una sociología pública del deporte en las Américas: conquistas, desafíos y agendas emergentes, propuesto en conmemoración al vigésimo aniversario de esta revista brasileña e inspirado en los diez años del manifiesto de Burawoy a favor de una sociología pública. El texto está dividido en tres secciones. La primera, escrita originalmente en inglés, discute la importancia de practicar una sociología del deporte de carácter público y de producir investigaciones que efectivamente contribuyan a enfrentar políticamente problemas concretos de la sociedad. La segunda, escrita originalmente en portugués, trata de los efectos del productivismo académico en la política de comunicación científica brasileña, en especial para las ciencias humanas y sociales, destacando la especificidad de la revista Movimento como vehículo de la producción sociocultural y pedagógica de la educación física. La tercera, escrita originalmente en castellano sintetiza los desafíos enfrentados por el equipo editorial para organizar el número especial y presenta de manera panorámica el contenido de los textos que compusieron un llamado a la producción científica socialmente relevante en el área.

Os jogos que os acadêmicos jogam: uma conversa com Michael Burawoy / Los juegos que los académicos juegan: una conversación con Michael Burawoy / The games academics play: a conversation with Michael Burawoy

Michael Burawoy, ex-presidente da American Sociological Association e da International Sociological Association, é um dos cientistas sociais mais destacados do início do século XXI. Depois de ter realizado trabalho de campo em pesquisa etnográ- fica durante boa parte de sua carreira acadêmica, Burawoy recentemente direcionou sua atenção às divisões do trabalho internas à sua disciplina, produzindo uma análise instigante que culminou em sua defesa da sociologia pública. Na conversa a seguir, Burawoy usa exemplos de sua pesquisa etnográfica para abordar temas predominantes na sociologia do esporte. Ele formula suas visões sobre os movimentos sociais que eclodiram recentemente em várias partes do mundo e apresenta uma crítica incisiva à mercantilização do esporte e do lazer.

Michael Burawoy, former president of the American Sociological Association and the International Sociological Association, is one of the most distinguished social scientists of the early 21st century. Having been engaged in ethnographic fieldwork for a great deal of his academic career, Burawoy has lately turned his attention to the internal divisions of labour in his discipline, engendering a compelling analysis which culminated in his case for public sociology. In the following conversation, Burawoy draws upon examples from his ethnographic research to address prevalent themes in the sociology of sport. He articulates his views on the social movements that have recently erupted in various parts of the world, and provides an incisive critique of the com modification of sports and leisure.

Michael Burawoy, expresidente de la American Sociological Association y de la International Sociological Association, es uno de los científicos sociales más destacados de inicios del siglo XXI. Después de hacer trabajo de campo en etnografía durante buena parte de su carrera académica, Burawoy recientemente centró su atención en las divisiones del trabajo internas a su disciplina, generando un análisis provocador que culminó en su defensa de la sociología pública. En la conversación que sigue, Burawoy usa ejemplos de su investigación etnográfica para abordar temas predominantes en la sociología del deporte. Formula sus visiones sobre los movimientos sociales que estallaron recientemente en varias partes del mundo y presenta una crítica incisiva a la mercantilización del deporte y del ocio.

A sociologia pública no âmbito da produção e intervenção em esporte e lazer no Brasil / La sociología pública en el ámbito de la producción e intervención en deporte y ocio en Brasil / Public sociology in the domain of academic production and intervention in sport and leisure

Este artigo procurou investigar a configuração de uma sociologia pública, nos termos de Michael Burawoy, no âmbito dos estudos das políticas públicas de esporte e lazer no Brasil. Para a realização desse objetivo, foram analisados indicadores provenientes de quatro grupos de pesquisa dedicados ao tema a partir das categorias propostas por Burawoy. Os dados dão indícios de que grande parte da produção se faz a partir de sociologias críticas ou políticas, predominando a avaliação das políticas públicas. A produção no campo das políticas públicas de esporte e lazer traz contribuições pontuais, porém ainda incipientes de uma sociologia pública e da atuação dos intelectuais como profissionais orgânicos.

In order to discuss the academic production within sport and leisure studies in Brazil using the framework of Burawoy, this article analyzes the objectives of four research groups dedicated to public policies in this area. Mapping the academic production from this perspective, we observed some inconsistencies. Research on sport and leisure policies provides some useful contributions, however it engages only incipiently with public sociology and organic intellectualism. Much of the academic production proceeds from the perspective of critical or political sociology, and evaluation of public policy predominates.

En este artículo se trató de investigar la configuración de una sociología pública, en los términos de Michael Burawoy, en el campo de los estudios sobre políticas públicas para el deporte y el ocio en Brasil. Para lograr este objetivo, se analizaron los indicadores de cuatro grupos de investigación dedicados al tema, con base en las categorías propuestas por Burawoy. Los datos dan evidencia de que gran parte de la producción proviene de las sociologías críticas o políticas, predominando la evaluación de las políticas públicas. La producción en el campo de las políticas públicas para el deporte y el ocio trae contribuciones específicas, aunque incipientes acerca de la sociología pública y del papel de los intelectuales como profesionales orgánicos.