Global Postural Re-education in non-specific neck and low back pain treatment: A pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Spinal pain is an important public health issue that brings biopsychosocial problems. Global Postural Re-education (GPR) is one of its treatments. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effects of GPR on pain, flexibility, and posture of individuals with non-specific low back pain and/or neck pain for more than six weeks. METHODS: The study enrolled 18 individuals, which were randomized into two groups: GPR group (GPRG; n= 09), submitted to 10 sessions of GPR and control group (CG; n= 09), not submitted to any technique. The evaluations were done before and after the GPRG sessions, for pain perception (Visual Analogue Scale - VAS), flexibility (finger-floor test) and posture (SAPO). The re-evaluation was done in the GPRG after the end of 10 treatment sessions and, in the GC, after the time equivalent to 10 sessions. The level of significance was set at p< 0.05. RESULTS: This pilot study has no homogeneity between groups. GPRG presented improvement in pain and flexibility, but showed no changes in posture. In the CG, there was no difference in the variables evaluated in this study. CONCLUSION: GPR had positive effects on pain and flexibility, but did not present a significant effect on posture.

Efectividad de la reeducación del suelo pélvico en adultas mayores con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo / Effectiveness of pelvic floor re-education in elder women with stress urinary incontinence

Introducción: Durante el proceso de envejecimiento pueden originarse diferentes síndromes en el adulto mayor. Entre los más comunes está la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo, con alteraciones en vejiga y estructuras del área pélvica, así como en el funcionamiento de las vías urinaria bajas. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de la reeducación del suelo pélvico en mujeres adultas mayores con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo y longitudinal en mujeres adultas mayores con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo del Centro Gerontológico de Guano, Ecuador. Universo de 20 pacientes, 100 por ciento de la población diagnosticada, edades ≥ 65 años, sin otros antecedentes de trastornos médicos. Resultados: Se destaca como antecedentes de los sujetos estudiados: índice de masa corporal: 60 por ciente de obesidad, seguido del 25 por ciento de sobrepeso, ginecobstétricos: 95 gestaciones, 77 por ciento partos normales y 12 por ciento de cesarias. En la evaluación inicial, mediante la escala de valoración modificada de Oxford, en el 60 por ciento de las adultas se obtuvo grado 2, caracterizada por contracciones musculares débiles del suelo pélvico, evaluación insatisfactoria. En la segunda medición se obtuvieron resultados significativamente superiores a los de la primera medición, 70 por ciento se evaluó satisfactoriamente. Durante el proceso de reeducación del suelo pélvico, se establecieron relaciones de integración entre los elementos participación activa y consiente del paciente, equipo de salud y familia, en función de una mayor calidad de vida, de importancia para el tratamiento. Conclusiones: Se alcanzó el 70 por ciento de efectividad en la reeducación de suelo pélvico aplicada a las mujeres adultas mayores con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo(AU)

Introduction: In the aging process, different syndromes can appear in the elderly. Stress urinary incontinence is among the most common, with alterations in the bladder and the pelvic area structures, as well as in the functioning of the lower urinary tract. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of pelvic floor re-education in elder women with stress urinary incontinence. Methods: Descriptive and longitudinal study in elder women with stress urinary incontinence in the Gerontological Center of Guano, Ecuador. Group sample of 20 patients, 100% of the population diagnosed, ages? 65 years, without other pathological background. Results: It is highlighted as a background of subjects studied: body mass index: 60 percent of obesity, followed by 25 percent of overweight; gineco-obstetrics: 95 gestations, 77 percent normal births and 12 percent of C-sections. In the initial assessment, through the modified Oxford valuation scale, in 60 percent of adults, Grade 2 was obtained. That was characterized by weak pelvic floor muscle´s contractions, unsatisfactory evaluation. In the second measurement, the obtained results were significantly higher than those of the first measurement, and 70 percent is evaluated as satisfactorily. During the process of pelvic floor's re-education, integration relationships were established between the elements, also active and conscious participation of the patient, the health team and the family, in order to obtain a greater life quality which is important for the treatment. Conclusions: 70 percent of effectiveness is achieved in pelvic floor re-education performed in elder women presenting stress urinary incontinence(AU)

Supplementation-Dependent Effects of Vegetable Oils with Varying Fatty Acid Compositions on Anthropometric and Biochemical Parameters in Obese Women.

Fatty acid (FA) composition is a determinant of the physiological effects of dietary oils. This study investigated the effects of vegetable oil supplementation with different FA compositions on anthropometric and biochemical parameters in obese women on a hypocaloric diet with lifestyle modifications. Seventy-five women (body mass index, BMI, 30⁻39.9kg/m²) were randomized based on 8-week oil supplementation into four experimental groups: the coconut oil group (CoG, n = 18), the safflower oil group (SafG, n = 19), the chia oil group (ChG, n = 19), and the soybean oil placebo group (PG, n = 19). Pre- and post-supplementation weight, anthropometric parameters, and body fat (%BF), and lean mass percentages (%LM) were evaluated, along with biochemical parameters related to lipid and glycidemic profiles. In the anthropometric evaluation, the CoG showed greater weight loss (Δ% = -8.54 ± 2.38), and reduced BMI (absolute variation, Δabs = -2.86 ± 0.79), waist circumference (Δabs = -6.61 ± 0.85), waist-to-height ratio (Δabs = -0.041 ± 0.006), conicity index (Δabs = -0.03 ± 0.016), and %BF (Δabs = -2.78 ± 0.46), but increased %LM (Δabs = 2.61 ± 1.40) (p < 0.001). Moreover, the CoG showed a higher reduction in biochemical parameters of glycemia (Δabs = -24.71 ± 8.13) and glycated hemoglobin (Δabs = -0.86 ± 0.28) (p < 0.001). The ChG showed a higher reduction in cholesterol (Δabs = -45.36 ± 0.94), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc; Δabs = -42.53 ± 22.65), and triglycerides (Δabs = -49.74 ± 26.3), but an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc; abs = 3.73 ± 1.24, p = 0.007). Coconut oil had a more pronounced effect on abdominal adiposity and glycidic profile, whereas chia oil had a higher effect on improving the lipid profile. Indeed, supplementation with different fatty acid compositions resulted in specific responses.

Metamodelo sistêmico de interação de indivíduos em grupos / Systemic metamodel of individuals interaction in groups

Mudanças cognitivas na vida de um sujeito podem ser avaliadas através de manifestações indiretas, como o comportamento e a linguagem.Apresentamos um Metamodelo teórico para analisar as mudanças de valores,crenças e de conduta de indivíduos quando estão em grupos. A mudança, que produz uma reeducação cultural, pode ser compreendida a partir das teorias de Dinâmica de Grupo, da Psicologia Cognitiva e da Teoria de Redes, auxiliadas pela ótica da Teoria dos Sistemas.

Cognitive changes in the life of a person can be evaluated through indirectmanifestations, such as the behavior and language and thus infer the type ofcognitive change. We present a theoretical Metamodel to analyze the changesin values, beliefs and behavior of individuals when they are in groups. Thechange, which produces a cultural re-education, can be understood from thegroup dynamics theories, Cognitive Psychology and Network Theory, aided bythe viewpoint of Systems Theory

Metamodelo Sistêmico de interação de indivíduos em grupos / Systemic Metamodel of individuals interaction in groups

Mudanças cognitivas na vida de um sujeito podem ser avaliadas através demanifestações indiretas, como o comportamento e a linguagem.Apresentamos um Metamodelo teórico para analisar as mudanças de valores,crenças e de conduta de indivíduos quando estão em grupos. A mudança, queproduz uma reeducação cultural, pode ser compreendida a partir das teoriasde Dinâmica de Grupo, da Psicologia Cognitiva e da Teoria de Redes, auxiliadaspela ótica da Teoria dos Sistemas.

Cognitive changes in the life of a person can be evaluated through indirectmanifestations, such as the behavior and language and thus infer the type ofcognitive change. We present a theoretical Metamodel to analyze the changesin values, beliefs and behavior of individuals when they are in groups. Thechange, which produces a cultural re-education, can be understood from thegroup dynamics theories, Cognitive Psychology and Network Theory, aided bythe viewpoint of Systems Theory

Reeducação Postural Global: uma revisão da literatura / Global Postural Re-education: a literature review

CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: O método de Reeducação Postural Global (RPG) tem sido utilizado na clínica com relatos de benefícios para a prevenção e recuperação de disfunções musculoesqueléticas. Após duas décadas de aplicação, estudos têm verificado sua eficácia no tratamento de diferentes condições clínicas e ele tem sido comparado com outros recursos fisioterapêuticos. Entretanto, são poucos os estudos voltados à comprovação dos princípios defendidos pelo autor do método, o que torna frágeis as argumentações em favor dele. OBJETIVO: Realizar, com base na literatura científica, uma análise crítica dos efeitos da intervenção fisioterapêutica utilizando o método RPG. MÉTODOS: Pesquisaram-se as bases de dados Medline, SciELO, LILACS e PeDRO, de 2000 a 2010, considerando os unitermos: RPG, alongamento global e alongamento ativo. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados 25 estudos, sendo 13 relacionados ao método RPG e oito aos alongamentos global e ativo, além de três livros e uma tese. Após análise, 20 referências foram utilizadas. CONCLUSÕES: Parte dos estudos aponta que o método RPG é mais efetivo, enquanto outros mostram resultados similares a outros métodos de intervenção fisioterapêutica. Estudos indicam benefícios do método na melhora da força muscular respiratória, expansibilidade torácica, mobilidade toracoabdominal e da pressão respiratória máxima, além de reduzir a dor, a perda de urina em mulheres incontinentes, melhorar a flexibilidade, a atividade eletromiográfica nas disfunções temporomandibulares e a estabilidade postural em alterações ortopédicas de membros inferiores. Limitações metodológicas observadas sugerem a necessidade de maior rigor em futuras pesquisas.

BACKGROUND: The Global Postural Re-education (GPR) method has been widely used in clinical practice, with reported benefits for prevention and rehabilitation of musculoskeletal dysfunctions. In parallel with almost two decades of clinical implementation, research studies have tested and verified the effectiveness of GPR in treating different clinical conditions and have also compared this method with other physical therapy resources. However, few studies focused on the verification of the principles of mechanisms of action defended by the author of the method making the arguments in favor of the method weak. OBJECTIVE: To perform a critical systematic review of the effects of physical therapy intervention that use the GPR method. METHODS: We searched Medline, SciELO, LILACS and PeDRO, from 2000 to 2010, considering the key words: Global Postural Re-education, global and active stretching. RESULTS: We found 25 studies, 13 about GPR and 8 about global and active stretching in addition to three books and a thesis. After analysis, 20 references were included. CONCLUSIONS: Some of the studies indicated that the GPR method was more effective than other physical therapy interventions, while others demonstrated similar results of GPR when compared to other physical therapy interventions. Studies showed benefits of the GPR in improving the respiratory muscle strength, chest expansion, maximal respiratory pressure and in reducing pain, loss of urine in incontinent women, increasing flexibility, the electromyographic activity in temporomandibular disorders and postural stability in lower limb orthopedic alterations. Methodological limitations observed suggest the need for greater rigor in future research.

Una reflexión a la intervención en toxicomanías / A reflection on drug addiction intervention

Atender a la invitación a participar en este evento e intentar reflexionar en torno a la Intervención en toxicomanías, con la pretensión de tantear el quehacer del psicólogo en nuestro medio, convoca necesariamente a revisar las prácticas realizadas en el campo de la reeducación, el modelo médico-biologista, los modelos de comunidad terapéutica, los programas ambulatorios, la consulta privada y otros que, sin ser del campo del saber de la psicología, han implicado un lugar y una lógica en los discursos sociales, y que quizá hoy, sin exclusión, resultan relevantes con la complejidad vigente del uso de sustancias psicoactivas e incluso de otras adicciones.

Attend to the invitation to participate in this event and try to reflect on the Intervention in Drug Addiction, with the aim of testing the work of the psychologist in our environment, necessarily calls for reviewing the practices performed in the field of re-education, the medical model -biologist, models of therapeutic community, outpatient programs, private consultation and others that, without being of the field of knowledge of psychology, have implied a place and logic in social discourses, and that perhaps today, without exclusion, they are relevant with the current complexity of the use of psychoactive substances and even other addictions.

El quehacer del psicólogo en la Escuela de Trabajo San José: estado actual de la psicología social en la ciudad de Medellín: / The work of the psychologist in the school of work San José: current status of social psychology in the city of Medellín

Atender la invitación a este evento con la pretensión de tantear el quehacer de la psicología social en nuestro medio, convoca a revisar las prácticas realizadas en el campo de la reeducación que ha desarrollado la Congregación de Religiosos Terciarios Capuchinos durante 110 años, así como la propuesta que se ha estado construyendo en la Escuela de Trabajo San José en su quehacer reeducativo y de intervención con aquellas poblaciones vinculadas al fenómeno delincuencial y uso de psicoactivos.

Attending the invitation to this event with the aim of testing the work of social psychology in our environment, calls to review the practices carried out in the field of reeducation developed by the Congregation of Tertiary Capuchin Religious for 110 years, as well as the proposal that has been building in the School of Work San José in his reeducation and intervention work with those populations linked to the phenomenon of delinquency and use of psychoactive.

La psicología social en la comunidad terapéutica «Las Palmas¼ / Social psychology in the therapeutic community "he Palms"

El trabajo psicológico en la institución es un pilar fundamental, en la articulación con el proceso terapéutico, reeducativo y social, pues permite identificar dificultades intrínsecas al desarrollo de la persona que sufre la drogodependencia; a su vez posibilita potencializar las cualidades y valores que este ser humano tiene.

The psychological work in the institution is a fundamental pillar, in the articulation with the therapeutic, reeducational and social process, because it allows to identify intrinsic difficulties to the development of the person suffering the drug addiction; At the same time, it makes possible to potentiate the qualities and values that this human being has