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1.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 97: [e202310081], Oct. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-228331

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: Una consulta habitual desde el inicio de la campaña de vacunación frente a la COVID-19 fue la relacionada con personas que tienen antecedentes de alergia a fármacos u otras vacunas. El objetivo del estudio fue describir lo ocurrido tras la administración de la vacuna frente a la COVID-19 en personas con antecedentes de alergia moderada y grave, en un Centro de Urgencias de Atención Primaria (CUAP). Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo con sesenta y cuatro personas que tenían antecedentes de alergia moderada y grave, vacunadas en CUAP, entre mayo y octubre de 2021, en el Barcelonés Nord i Maresme (provincia de Barcelona), previa valoración por farmacólogos y farmacéuticos de Atención Primaria. Se calculó el porcentaje de personas con acontecimientos adversos ocurridos tras la vacunación en el transcurso de su estancia en el CUAP, los tipos detectados y la gravedad. Posteriormente, se realizó una encuesta telefónica para conocer la satisfacción de los pacientes. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo (cálculo de proporciones). Resultados: La media de edad de las personas participantes fue de 49,7 años (de doce a noventa y cuatro años) y el 90,6% fueron mujeres. El 87,5% de las vacunas administradas fue Comirnaty ®. Se detectaron acontecimientos adversos ocurridos tras la vacunación en quince pacientes (23,4%), de los que en cuatro casos (6,25%) fueron manifestaciones de hipersensibilidad, todas catalogadas como leves. Los motivos de vacunación fueron antecedentes de alergia a AINE (45,3%), antibióticos (32,8%), analgésicos (17,2%), vacunas (28,1%), otras sustancias (40,6%) y anafilaxia (26,6%). El grado de satisfacción general fue de 9,11 (sobre 10). Conclusiones: El porcentaje de pacientes con antecedentes de anafilaxia y reacciones alérgicas a medicamentos que presentan reacciones de hipersensibilidad a las vacunas frente a la COVID-19 es del 6,25% y todas son leves.(AU)


Background: A common consultation since the beginning of the vaccination campaign against COVID-19 was related to people with a history of allergy to drugs or other vaccines. The objective of the study was to describe what happened after the administration of the vaccine against COVID-19 in people with a history of moderate and severe allergy, vaccinated against COVID-19 in a Primary Care Emergency Center (PCEC). Methods/ Observational descriptive study with sixty-four people with a history of moderate and severe allergy was carried out, vaccinated in PCEP, between May and October 2021, in the Barcelonés Nord and Maresme (Barcelona province), after assessment by primary care pharmacologists and pharmacists. The percentage of people with adverse events that occurred after vaccination during their stay in the PCEP, the types detected and severity were calculated. Subsequently, a telephone survey was conducted to determine patient satisfaction. A descriptive analysis (calculation of proportions) was performed. Results: The mean age of 49.7 years (from twelve to ninety-four years) and 90.6% were women. 87.5% of the administered vaccines were Comirnaty ® . Adverse events occurring after vaccination were detected in fifteen patients (23.4%), of whom four (6.25%)were manifestations of hypersensitivity, all classified as mild. The reasons for vaccination were a history of allergy to NSAIDs (45.3%), antibiotics (32.8%), analgesics (17.2%), vaccines (28.1%), other substances (40.6%) and anaphylaxis (26.6%). The degree of generalsatisfaction was 9.11 (out of 10). Conclusions: The percentage of patients with a history of anaphylaxis and allergic drug reactions who present hypersensitivityreactions to COVID-19 vaccines is 6.25% and all are mild.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , /complications , /adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity , Hypersensitivity , Anaphylaxis , Vaccination , /epidemiology , /immunology , Vaccines/adverse effects , Immunization Programs , Surveys and Questionnaires , Retrospective Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive
3.
Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) ; 109(8): 699-707, 2018 Oct.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29996988

ABSTRACT

It is estimated that 10% to 15% of medicated patients develop adverse drug reactions (ADR). Despite the high prevalence of ADR, the identification of the trigger drugs remains a medical challenge, mainly in polymedicated patients. Our goal is to update the diagnostic tools to identify enhancer drugs of type B-ADR that compromise the skin and /or mucous membranes, in order to optimize patients' follow-up and improve their quality of life. We develop the review in two stages: I- we review the pathophysiological mechanisms of the ADR; II- we developed the clinical approach for the identification of the triggering drug.


Subject(s)
Drug Eruptions/etiology , Antigens/immunology , Basophil Degranulation Test , Causality , Drug Eruptions/blood , Drug Eruptions/immunology , Drug Eruptions/physiopathology , Drug Hypersensitivity/complications , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Humans , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Lymphocyte Activation , Skin Tests , Tryptases/blood
4.
CES med ; 30(2): 188-199, jul.-dic. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-952217

ABSTRACT

Abstract Coccidioidomycosis is caused by Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii fungi, which are endemic in certain locations in the American continent. They produce an asymptomatic infection in the majority of the exposed population, and in a lower proportion, a self-limited influenza-like illness, pneumonia or dissemination. Skin compromise could be secondary to the infection by the fungus or by a hypersensitivity reaction to the pulmonary infection. Primary skin compromise produces a chancriform, self-limited lesion, and the dissemination to the skin commonly produces nodules and abscesses, with a tendency to form fistulas. The most common hypersensitivity reaction is erythema nodosum, which is considered a marker of good prognosis. Treatment depends on the localization of the infection, the presence of dissemination, and the clinical conditions of the patient.


Resumen La coccidioidomicosis es causada por los hongos Coccidioides immitis y Coccidioides posadasii, los cuales son endémicos en determinadas localizaciones del continente americano. Producen infección asintomática en la mayoría de expuestos y en menor proporción cuadros gripales autolimitados, neumonía o diseminación. El compromiso en piel puede ser secundario a la infección por el hongo o por una reacción de hipersensibilidad a la infección pulmonar. El compromiso primario en piel produce una lesión chancreiforme, autolimitada y la diseminación a piel produce comúnmente nódulos y abscesos, con tendencia a la fistulización. La reacción de hipersensibilidad más común es el eritema nodoso, considerándose un marcador de buen pronóstico. El tratamiento depende de la localización de la infección, la presencia de diseminación y las condiciones clínicas del paciente.

5.
Actas Dermosifiliogr ; 107(2): 107-15, 2016 Mar.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26621334

ABSTRACT

Corticosteroids are widely used drugs in the clinical practice, especially by topic application in dermatology. These substances may act as allergens and produce immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions. Allergic contact dermatitis is the most frequent presentation of corticosteroid allergy and it should be studied by patch testing in specific units. The corticosteroids included in the Spanish standard battery are good markers but not ideal. Therefore, if those makers are positive, it is useful to apply a specific battery of corticosteroids and the drugs provided by patients. Immediate reactions are relatively rare but potentially severe, and it is important to confirm the sensitization profile and to guide the use of alternative corticosteroids, because they are often necessary in several diseases. In this article we review the main concepts regarding these two types of hypersensitivity reactions in corticosteroid allergy, as well as their approach in the clinical practice.


Subject(s)
Adrenal Cortex Hormones/adverse effects , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/etiology , Hypersensitivity, Delayed/chemically induced , Allergens/adverse effects , Humans , Patch Tests
6.
Rev. cuba. plantas med ; 11(3/4)jul.-dic. 2006.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-629682

ABSTRACT

Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng., más conocido en nuestro país como orégano francés, es una planta a la que se le confieren una gran cantidad de propiedades terapéuticas para el tratamiento de diferentes enfermedades dentro de las que se encuentra el asma bronquial. En el presente trabajo se realizó la evaluación de las tabletas 100 mg de Plectranthus amboinicus sobre la anafilaxia pasiva cutánea y la transmisión adrenérgica e histaminérgica. Como resultado final de este trabajo pudimos comprobar que Plectranthus amboinicus tabletas de 100 mg inhibe la anafilaxia pasiva cutánea, potencia la transmisión adrenérgica e inhibe los efectos de la histamina cuando esta interactúa con los receptores H1 presentes a nivel intestinal. Podemos concluir que las tabletas de 100 mg de Plectranthus amboinicus podrían emplearse en el tratamiento de enfermedades alérgicas tipo I y con esto justificar el uso popular de la planta en el asma bronquial.


Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng, well-known in our country as French origan, is a plant with many therapeutical properties for the treatment of different diseases, including bronchial asthma. In the present paper, the effect of Plectranthus amboinicus tablets (100 mg) on the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and on the adrenergic and histaminergic transmission was evaluated. As a final result of this paper, it was possible to confirm that these tablets inhibit the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, potentiates the adrenergic transmission, and inhibits the effects of histamine when it interacts with H1 receptors present at the intestinal level. It was concluded that the Plectranthus amboinicus tablets 100 mg could be used in the type I treatment of allergic diseases, and thus justify the popular use of this plant for bronchial asthma.

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