Search for small-bowel capsule diagnostic yield optimization conducted through observational analysis. / Búsqueda de optimización de la cápsula endoscópica mediante análisis observacional.

OBJECTIVES: To search for parameters susceptible to optimization when performing capsule endoscopy (CE) in a third level hospital with high volume and experience in this test. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study, including 1325 CEs performed between 2017 and 2022. Overall diagnostic yield, effective diagnostic yield, by indication, place of request and waiting list, as well as complete examination rate and cleansing degree were analyzed. RESULTS: The overall diagnostic yield was 70.99%, while the effective diagnostic yield was 72.7%. Diagnostic yields varied between 60.2% and 77.9% depending on the indication and between 64.7% and 74.3% depending on the requesting center. The mean waiting list was 101.15 days, with a tendency to worse results when the waiting list was longer. A total of 77.8% of the examinations were complete. Completion rates were lower in patients >70 years of age (p=0.001), as well as in those with gastric transit >60minutes (p=0.000). A total of 77.3% were clean, with debris that did not impede diagnosis being found in 16.9% and debris that did impede diagnosis in 5.8%. There was a relationship, although not significant, between cleansing degree and age. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic yields of CE in our center are in line with those previously reported. Differences were found according to the place of request. Waiting list could also influence diagnostic yield. Completion rates are lower in >70 years of age and when gastric transit is >60minutes. Cleansing degree achieved is acceptable.

Validation of the Spanish Version of the PURE-4 Questionnaire for the Early Detection of Psoriatic Arthritis in Psoriatic Patients. / Validación de la versión española del cuestionario PURE-4 para la detección precoz de la artritis psoriásica en pacientes con psoriasis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Psoriasis often precedes the onset of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), so dermatologists often face the challenge of early identifying signs of PsA in patients with psoriasis. Our aim was to validate the Spanish version of the PURE-4 questionnaire as a screening tool for PsA, evaluate its performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity, feasibility, reliability, and build validity. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, observational, multicenter trial of adult patients with psoriasis. Initially, patients were assessed by a dermatologist and completed 2 self-administered versions (in print and online) of the PURE-4 questionnaire. Afterwards, the rheumatologist, blinded to the PURE-4 results, assessed the presence/absence of PsA, being the reference to determine the performance of the PURE-4 questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 268 patients were included (115 [42.9%] women; mean age, 47.1±12.6). The prevalence of PsA according to rheumatologist diagnosis was 12.7% (34 patients). The mean PURE-4 score for patients with psoriasis diagnosed with PsA was 2.3±1.1, and 1.3±1.3 for patients without PsA (P<.001). The cutoff value ≥2 demonstrated the best performance for detecting PsA, with a negative predictive value of 95.1% (95% confidence interval, 90.3-97.6). CONCLUSIONS: The PURE-4 questionnaire demonstrated good performance in detecting PsA, with an optimal cutoff point ≥2. This simple tool could facilitate early referral of patients to the rheumatology unit.

Stereotactic biopsy for intracranial space occupying lesions: Experience in a referral hospital in Mexico.

BACKGROUND: Stereotactic brain biopsy (SBB) is used for establishing the histological diagnosis of intracranial lesions that are not amenable for a direct surgical approach. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to describe our experience having an evaluation of the biopsy sample by a neuropathologist during SBB. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 140 consecutive patients who underwent SBB between 2014 and 2018 in whom trans-operatory analysis of the sample was performed. RESULTS: There were 56% men. The mean age was 45 years. Histological diagnosis was performed in 131 of 140 patients (94% overall diagnostic yield). The presurgical radiological diagnosis was correct in 39%. Neoplastic lesions were reported in 108 cases, and 32 were non-neoplastic. We performed craniotomy and resection after biopsy in 14%. We found complications in 6% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: SBB continues to be a safe, useful, and inexpensive procedure. The diagnostic performance of SBB increases when intraoperative cytological evaluation by a neuropathologist is included in the study.

ANTECEDENTES: la biopsia cerebral por estereotaxia (SBB) se utiliza para establecer el diagnóstico histológico de lesiones intracraneales que no son susceptibles de un abordaje quirúrgico directo. OBJETIVO: describir nuestra experiencia de tener una evaluación de la muestra de biopsia por un neuropatólogo durante el procedimiento. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: análisis retrospectivo de 140 pacientes consecutivos sometidos a SBB entre 2014-2018 en los que se realizó análisis transoperatorio de la muestra. RESULTADOS: El 56% fueron hombres. La edad promedio fue de 45 años. El diagnóstico histológico se realizó en 131 de 140 pacientes (rendimiento diagnóstico global del 94%). El diagnóstico radiológico prequirúrgico fue correcto solo en el 39%. Se identificaron lesiones neoplásicas en 108 casos, y en 32 se documentaron lesiones no neoplásicas. En el 14% de los casos se realizó posterior a la biospia craneotomía y resección de la lesión. Encontramos complicaciones en el 6% de los pacientes. CONCLUSIONES: SBB sigue siendo un procedimiento seguro, útil y económico. El rendimiento diagnóstico de SBB aumenta cuando se incluye la evaluación citológica intraoperatoria por un neuropatólogo.

Factores condicionantes del rendimiento diagnóstico y las complicaciones hemorrágicas intracraneales en la biopsia estereotáctica con marco. Revisión / Related factors with diagnostic yield and intracranial hemorrhagic complications in frame-based stereotactic biopsy. Review

La biopsia estereotáctica con marco es un procedimiento mínimamente invasivo que permite la obtención de una muestra de tejido cerebral para el posterior manejo diagnóstico terapéutico del paciente. Nuestro objetivo es realizar una revisión de la literatura publicada en relación a los factores asociados a su rendimiento diagnóstico y a la aparición de complicaciones hemorrágicas posbiopsia. Para ello, fue realizada una búsqueda en PubMed, última actualización de junio de 2020, empleando los términos «stereotactic biopsy», «diagnostic yield» e «intracranial post-biopsy hemorrhage». Un total de 38 estudios, que mostraban resultados descriptivos y/o analíticos, fueron incluidos y revisados. Nuestra revisión de la literatura pone de manifiesto que algunas variables relacionadas con las peculiaridades de la lesión y el procedimiento quirúrgico se relacionan de forma significativa con la eficacia y seguridad de la técnica. De esta forma, deben ser tenidos en cuenta para optimizar los resultados de este procedimiento (AU)

The frame-based stereotactic biopsy is a minimally invasive technique that allows us to obtain a sample of brain tissue for subsequent diagnosis and treatment. The scope of this article is to review the published data related to the factors that could condition its diagnostic yield, and the appearance of post-biopsy hemorrhagic complications. PubMed search, last updated June 2020, was conducted using the terms “stereotactic biopsy”, “diagnostic yield” and “intracranial post-biopsy hemorrhage”. A total of 38 studies, that showed descriptive or analytical results, were included, and reviewed. Our literature review show that some characteristics of the lesion and surgical procedure peculiarities are significantly related with the effectiveness and safety of the technique. In this way, they must be taken into account in order to optimize its results (AU)

Related factors with diagnostic yield and intracranial hemorrhagic complications in frame-based stereotactic biopsy. Review.

The frame-based stereotactic biopsy is a minimally invasive technique that allows us to obtain a sample of brain tissue for subsequent diagnosis and treatment. The scope of this article is to review the published data related to the factors that could condition its diagnostic yield, and the appearance of post-biopsy hemorrhagic complications. PubMed search, last updated June 2020, was conducted using the terms "stereotactic biopsy", "diagnostic yield" and "intracranial post-biopsy hemorrhage". A total of 38 studies, that showed descriptive or analytical results, were included, and reviewed. Our literature review show that some characteristics of the lesion and surgical procedure peculiarities are significantly related with the effectiveness and safety of the technique. In this way, they must be taken into account in order to optimize its results.

Utilidad clínica de la videocápsula endoscópica en el estudio de patologías de intestino delgado en Colombia: resultados de un registro nacional / Clinical utility of the small bowel capsule endoscopy in the study of small bowel diseases in Colombia: Results of a national registry

Introducción: La videocápsula endoscópica (VCE) ha revolucionado el estudio de las patologías de intestino delgado. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar las indicaciones, hallazgos y rendimiento diagnóstico de la VCE en un registro nacional. Pacientes y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, de corte transversal analítico, analizando los registros de VCE en siete centros del país, se recolectaron diferentes variables. Resultados: Se evaluaron 1.883 estudios de VCE. La edad promedio fue 55,4 años (5,6-94,2). Las indicaciones más frecuentes fueron sospecha de sangrado de intestino delgado (SID) (64,4%), estudio enfermedad de Crohn (15,2%) y diarrea crónica (11,2%). El 54,3% de VCE se prepararon con laxantes. Las lesiones más frecuentes fueron erosiones/úlceras (31,6%), angiectasias (25,7%) y parasitosis (2,7%). El rendimiento diagnóstico (P1+P2, clasificación de Saurin) de VCE en SID fue 60,6%, siendo mayor en SID evidente (66,0%) comparado con SID oculto (56,0%) (P=0,003). Los estudios con mejor preparación presentaban mayor detección de lesiones (93,8% vs. 89,4%) (OR=1,8; IC: 95%: 1,2-2,6; P=0,004). La tasa de complicación de VCE fue 3,1%, con visualización completa del ID en 96,6% y tasa de retención en ID de 0,7%. El 81,5% de VCE se realizaron en forma ambulatoria, y presentaron mayor visualización completa de ID que las hospitalarias (97,1% vs. 94,3%) (OR=2,1; IC: 95%; 1,2-3,5; P=0,008). Conclusiones: Las indicaciones, hallazgos y rendimiento diagnóstico de VCE en Colombia son similares a los reportados en la literatura universal, con alto porcentaje de estudios completos y baja tasa de complicaciones.(AU)

Introduction: The small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) has revolutionised the study of small bowel diseases. The objective of this study is to determine the indications, findings and diagnostic yield of SBCE in a national registry. Patients and methods: An observational, analytical cross-sectional study was carried out, analysing the SBCE records at seven centres in the country, where different variables were collected. Results: 1,883 SBCEs were evaluated. The average age was 55.4 years (5.6-94.2). The most frequent indications were suspicion of small bowel bleeding (SBB) (64.4%), study of Crohn's disease (15.2%) and chronic diarrhoea (11.2%). 54.3% were prepared with laxatives. The most frequent lesions found were erosions/ulcers (31.6%), angioectasias (25.7%) and parasitosis (2.7%). The diagnostic yield (P1+P2, Saurin classification) of SBCE in SBB was 60.6%, being higher in overt SBB (66.0%) compared to occult SBB (56.0%) (P=.003). The studies with better preparation showed higher detection of lesions (93.8% vs. 89.4%) (OR=1.8, CI: 95%: 1.2-2.6; P=.004). The SBCE complication rate was 3.1%, with complete SB visualisation at 96.6% and SB retention rate of 0.7%. 81.5% of SBCEs were performed on an outpatient basis, and presented a greater complete SB visualisation than hospital ones (97.1% vs. 94.3%) (OR=2.1, CI: 95%, 1.2-3.5; P=.008). Conclusions: The indications, findings and diagnostic performance of SBCEs in Colombia are similar to those reported in the literature, with a high percentage of complete studies and a low rate of complications.(AU)

Related factors with diagnostic yield and intracranial hemorrhagic complications in frame-based stereotactic biopsy. Review. / Factores condicionantes del rendimiento diagnóstico y las complicaciones hemorrágicas intracraneales en la biopsia estereotáctica con marco. Revisión.

The frame-based stereotactic biopsy is a minimally invasive technique that allows us to obtain a sample of brain tissue for subsequent diagnosis and treatment. The scope of this article is to review the published data related to the factors that could condition its diagnostic yield, and the appearance of post-biopsy hemorrhagic complications. PubMed search, last updated June 2020, was conducted using the terms "stereotactic biopsy", "diagnostic yield" and "intracranial post-biopsy hemorrhage". A total of 38 studies, that showed descriptive or analytical results, were included, and reviewed. Our literature review show that some characteristics of the lesion and surgical procedure peculiarities are significantly related with the effectiveness and safety of the technique. In this way, they must be taken into account in order to optimize its results.

Clinical utility of the small bowel capsule endoscopy in the study of small bowel diseases in Colombia: Results of a national registry. / Utilidad clínica de la videocápsula endoscópica en el estudio de patologías de intestino delgado en Colombia: resultados de un registro nacional.

INTRODUCTION: The small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) has revolutionised the study of small bowel diseases. The objective of this study is to determine the indications, findings and diagnostic yield of SBCE in a national registry. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An observational, analytical cross-sectional study was carried out, analysing the SBCE records at seven centres in the country, where different variables were collected. RESULTS: 1,883 SBCEs were evaluated. The average age was 55.4 years (5.6-94.2). The most frequent indications were suspicion of small bowel bleeding (SBB) (64.4%), study of Crohn's disease (15.2%) and chronic diarrhoea (11.2%). 54.3% were prepared with laxatives. The most frequent lesions found were erosions/ulcers (31.6%), angioectasias (25.7%) and parasitosis (2.7%). The diagnostic yield (P1+P2, Saurin classification) of SBCE in SBB was 60.6%, being higher in overt SBB (66.0%) compared to occult SBB (56.0%) (P=.003). The studies with better preparation showed higher detection of lesions (93.8% vs. 89.4%) (OR=1.8, CI: 95%: 1.2-2.6; P=.004). The SBCE complication rate was 3.1%, with complete SB visualisation at 96.6% and SB retention rate of 0.7%. 81.5% of SBCEs were performed on an outpatient basis, and presented a greater complete SB visualisation than hospital ones (97.1% vs. 94.3%) (OR=2.1, CI: 95%, 1.2-3.5; P=.008). CONCLUSIONS: The indications, findings and diagnostic performance of SBCEs in Colombia are similar to those reported in the literature, with a high percentage of complete studies and a low rate of complications.

Evaluación del rendimiento diagnóstico de los criterios predictivos de la sociedad británica para el diagnóstico de coledocolitiasis en una población colombiana / Diagnostic performance of the British Society of Gastroenterology predictive criteria for the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis in a Colombian population

Resumen Introducción: la coledocolitiasis (CLDL) puede ser difícil de diagnosticar. Su importancia radica en sus potenciales complicaciones y en que el tratamiento se realiza mediante colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE), un procedimiento con riesgo de generar complicaciones. Se han propuesto guías para su diagnóstico y la más empleada es la de la ASGE (American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy), cuyo rendimiento no es ideal. Recientemente, se ha publicado la guía británica. Este estudio se realizó para establecer el rendimiento de ambas guías. Materiales y métodos: estudio prospectivo realizado entre agosto 1 de 2017 y julio 31 de 2018. Resultados: se incluyeron 300 pacientes para el análisis. Se realizó una CPRE en 145 pacientes y se confirmó la existencia de CLDL en 124 de ellos (85,5 %). La mediana de aspartato aminotransferasa (AST) y alanina aminotransferasa (ALT) fue mayor en los que tuvieron CLDC (207 mg/dL y 290 mg/dl, respectivamente). Entre tanto, la tasa de complicaciones posteriores a la CPRE fue del 5,5 %. El análisis multivariado no encontró una asociación significativa para alguna variable predictora de CLDL. En pacientes con alta probabilidad, las guías británicas tuvieron una sensibilidad del 65 % y una especificidad del 33 %, mientras que las guías ASGE mostraron una sensibilidad del 74 % y una especificidad del 28 %. En probabilidad intermedia fueron menos eficientes. Conclusiones: los criterios de la ASGE y la BSG (British Society of Gastroenterology) no tienen un buen desempeño en la población estudiada, a fin de discriminar la existencia o no de CLDL. La guía de la ASGE mostró un mejor rendimiento en general que las guías británicas.

Abstract Introduction: Choledocholithiasis (CDL) may be difficult to diagnose. The relevance of making a timely diagnosis lies in its potential negative effects and the fact that treatment requires performing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), which is a procedure with a high risk of complications. Several guidelines have been proposed for its diagnosis, including the ASGE Guidelines, which are the most widely used although they do not have an ideal performance, and the guidelines recently published by the BSG. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of both guidelines. Materials and methods: Prospective study carried out between August 1, 2017, and July 31, 2018. Results: 300 patients were included for analysis. 145 underwent ERCP and choledocholithiasis was confirmed in 124 of them (85.5%). Median AST and ALT levels were higher in patients with choledocholithiasis (207 mg/dL and 290 mg/dL). The rate of post-ERCP complications was 5.5%. Multivariate analysis found no significant association for any predictor of CDL. Regarding the "high probability" score, the BSG guidelines had sensitivity of 65% and specificity of 33%, while the ASGE guidelines had sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 28%. Both guidelines were less efficient for "intermediate probability". Conclusions: The ASGE and BSG criteria do not perform well in the population studied to determine whether they had CDL. The ASGE guidelines had a better overall performance than the BSG guidelines.

Capsule endoscopy for the study of small bowel disorders: Experience at a private institution in Mexico. / Cápsula endoscópica para el estudio de patologías de intestino delgado: experiencia en una institución privada en México.

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Capsule endoscopy has revolutionized the study of small bowel disorders. Its diagnostic yield, reasons for referral, and frequency of significant endoscopic findings at our institution are unknown. The aims of our study were to describe the reasons for referral, the frequency of significant endoscopic findings, and the diagnostic yield of capsule endoscopy in patients that underwent the procedure for the study of small bowel disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted that included all patients that underwent capsule endoscopy for small bowel disorder evaluation at our institution. The diagnostic yield for significant endoscopic findings, the frequency of significant endoscopic findings, and the reasons for referral for capsule endoscopy were determined. RESULTS: A total of 134 patients were included in the study and 143 capsule endoscopies were performed. Women made up 48.5% of the sample and the mean patient age was 63 years (18.7 standard deviation). The main reasons for referral were suspicion of overt small bowel bleeding (55.9%) and suspicion of occult small bowel bleeding (28.6%). The overall diagnostic yield was 66.4%. The most common significant findings were small bowel angioectasias (52.6%) and small bowel ulcers (38.9%). There were two adverse events (1.3%): one capsule retention that required enteroscopic removal and one asymptomatic bronchoaspiration of the capsule that resolved spontaneously. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of significant endoscopic findings with capsule endoscopy at our institution was different from that reported in other Mexican studies, but the reasons for referral and the diagnostic yield were similar.

Do the number and volume of surgical lung biopsies influence the diagnostic yield in interstitial lung disease? A propensity score analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Our objective was to evaluate whether the number and volume of surgical lung biopsies (SLB) influence the diagnosis of diffuse interstitial lung disease (ILD). METHODS: Retrospective study of SLB for suspected ILD in patients from the Mayo Clinic from January 2002 to January 2010. Data were collected in the institution and analyzed. RESULTS: 311 patients were studied. Mean number of biopsies was 2.05 (SD 0.6); 1 biopsy in 50 (16%), 2 in 198 (63.7%), 3 in 59 (19%) and 4 in 4 (1.3%). Histopathologic diagnosis was: definitive (specific): 232 (74.6%), descriptive (non-specific): 76 (24.4%), no diagnosis: 3 (1%). After excluding patients without diagnosis (n=3), there were 50 patients with only 1 biopsy, 196 with 2 and 62 with 3 or 4; the definitive diagnostic yield was similar in all 3 groups (37/50; 74%, 150/196; 77%, and 45/62; 73%) (Chi-square, p value 0.8). The propensity score analysis between patients with 1 SLB and patients with more than 1 SLB also showed no difference in diagnostic yield. Regarding the volume of biopsies, mean total volume was 34.4 cm(3) (SD 46): 41.2 cm(3) (3 cases) in patients with no diagnosis; 33.6 cm(3) (232 cases, SD 47) in patients with specific diagnosis; and 36.6 cm(3) (76 cases, SD 44) in patients with descriptive diagnosis. Biopsy volume had no influence on histopathology yield (ANOVA, p value .8). CONCLUSIONS: The number and volume of the biopsy specimens in SLB did not seem to influence diagnosis. Based on our results, we believe a single sample from a representative area may be sufficient for diagnosis. Randomized prospective trials should be performed to optimize SLB for ILD.

Diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions with radial probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided bronchoscopy.

INTRODUCTION: The diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) is a challenging task for pulmonologists. Radial probe endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS) has been developed to enhance diagnostic yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of R-EBUS in the diagnosis of PPLs. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 174 patients diagnosed with PPLs who underwent EBUS-guided bronchoscopy. Histological examination of specimens obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) and cytological examinations of brushing smear, brush rinse fluid and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were evaluated for the diagnosis. RESULTS: The mean diameter of the PPLs was 25.1 ± 10.7 mm. The final diagnoses included 129 malignancies and 45 benign lesions. The overall diagnostic yield of EBUS-guided bronchoscopy was 79.9%. Neither size nor etiology of the PPLs influenced the diagnostic performance of EBUS-guided bronchoscopy (82.9% vs. 74.6% for PPLs>20mm and PPLs≤20mm; p=0.19, and 82.9% vs. 71.1% for malignancy and benign diseases; p=0.09). TBLB rendered the highest yield among these specimens (69.0%, 50.6%, 42.0%, and 44.3% for TBLB, brushing smear, brush rinse fluid, and BALF, respectively; p<0.001). The combination of TBLB, brush smear, and BALF provided the greatest diagnostic yield, while brush rinse fluid did not add benefits to the outcomes. CONCLUSION: R-EBUS-guided bronchoscopy is a useful technique in the diagnosis of PPLs. To achieve the highest diagnostic performance, TBLB, brushing smear and bronchoalveolar lavage should be performed together.

[Frameless stereotactic biopsy: diagnostic yield and complications]. / Biopsia cerebral estereotáctica sin marco: capacidad diagnóstica y complicaciones.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the variables that could modify the diagnostic yield of frameless stereotactic biopsy, as well as its complications. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This was a retrospective study of frameless stereotactic biopsies carried out between July 2008 and December 2011 at Donostia University Hospital. The variables studied were size, distance to the cortex, contrast uptake and location. RESULTS: A total of 70 patients were included (75 biopsies); 39 males and 31 females with an age range between 39 and 83 years. The total diagnostic yield in our series was 97.1%. For lesions >19mm, the technique offered a sensitivity of 95.2% (95% CI: 86.9-98.4) and specificity of 57.1% (95% CI: 25.0-84.2). The yield was lower for lesions within 17mm of the cortex: sensitivity of 74.6% (95% CI: 62.1-84.7) and specificity of 71.4% (95% CI: 29.0-96.3). Seven (10%) patients developed complications after the first biopsy and none after the second. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic yield was lower for lesions less than 2cm in size and located superficially. In this series we did not observe an increased rate of complications after a second biopsy.

How frequently should asymptomatic patients be dilated?

PURPOSE: To determine if routine dilated fundus examination (DFE) should be performed sooner than at 10-year intervals in asymptomatic patients. METHODS: Records for all patients consecutively evaluated in a one-year time frame were systematically reviewed. Of those patients who received initial DFE and were living 10 years later, records for sequential DFE were again evaluated to determine presence of clinically-significant, peripheral retinal findings. Databases were also searched in order to determine the number of patients during the same 10-year time period who developed vision or life-threatening peripheral retinal findings. The two groups were cross-matched to determine effectiveness of routine DFE. RESULTS: Only 10 of 592 patients were deemed to have "clinically-significant" peripheral retinal findings--none of whom developed untoward outcomes. Of the 29 new retinal detachments and four intraocular tumors discovered during ten years of clinical follow-up, nearly 90% were symptomatic at the time of discovery. Three detachments and one tumor were detected as incidental findings in asymptomatic patients. No further treatment was recommended for the three detachments and the patient with the tumor survives, although with profound loss of vision in the involved eye. CONCLUSIONS: In the absence of symptoms, routine DFE seems to have a very low yield for discovery of serious ocular events and appears to be ineffective in altering the course of incidental findings. Routine DFE is not indicated for older, asymptomatic patients--even at decade intervals. The findings of this study should be prospectively confirmed in population-based studies.

Rendimiento diagnóstico y hallazgos de cápsula endoscópica en pacientes con sangrado digestivo de origen oscuro en el Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe en Medellín - Colombia / Diagnostic performance of capsule endoscopy and findings from patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding at the Hospital Pablo Tobon Uribe in Medellin, Colombia

Objetivos: La cápsula endoscópica (CE) ha revolucionado la evaluación diagnóstica de pacientes con sangradogastrointestinal de origen oscuro (SGO). El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue evaluar el rendimientodiagnóstico de CE en pacientes con SGO en nuestro centro. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivoy retrospectivo, revisando historias clínicas en 60 pacientes consecutivos llevados a CE con indicación deSGO, entre septiembre de 2009 y septiembre de 2011, en el Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe. Los hallazgos enCE se interpretaron según el grado de relevancia clínica para el diagnóstico definitivo: normales (P0), poco(P1) y altamente relevante (P2). Resultados: El rendimiento diagnóstico de CE en pacientes con SGO fue de57%. No se encontró diferencia significativa en la presencia de lesiones relevantes (P2), entre pacientes conSGO evidente y oculto (63% vs. 52%, p: 0,49); 26% de lesiones significativas (P2) en CE, se encontrabanal alcance de endoscopia alta (17%) o colonoscopia total (9%). En cuanto al tipo de lesión P2 encontrada,47% fueron vasculares, 44% inflamatorias y 9% neoplásicas. Los pacientes con lesiones P2 eran de mayoredad, comparados con aquellos con lesiones P1 y P0 (p: 0,05). Conclusión: El rendimiento diagnóstico deCE en SGO, en nuestra serie, es muy similar al reportado en publicaciones internacionales. El tipo de lesiónsignificativa (P2) más frecuentemente encontrada fue la vascular

Objectives: Capsule endoscopy (CE) has revolutionized diagnostic evaluation of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGB). The aim of our study was to evaluate diagnostic performance of CE in patients with OGB at our center. Methods: This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of 60 consecutive patients who had undergone capsule endoscopy because of OGB at the Hospital Pablo Tobon Uribe between September 2009 and September 2011. CE findings were interpreted according to degree of clinical relevance for definitive diagnosis: normal (P0), not very relevant (P1) and highly relevant (P2). Results: The diagnostic performance of CE for patients with OGB was 57%. No significant difference was found among patients with obvious and hidden relevant lesions (P2) OGB (63% vs. 52%, p: 0.49). 26% of relevant lesions (P2) found by EC could have been found with upper endoscopy (17%) or total colonoscopy (9%). Of the P2 lesions found, 47% were vascular, 44% were neoplastic and 9% were inflammatory. Patients with P2 lesions were older tan those with P1 and P0 lesions (p: 0.05). Conclusion: The diagnostic performance of CE for OGB in our seriesis similar to that reported in international publications. The most frequently found P2 lesions were vascular lesions