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1.
Bratisl Lek Listy ; 119(6): 330-334, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29947231

ABSTRACT

AIM: The purpose of this study was to monitor the association between single umbilical artery (SUA), chromosomal abnormalities and associated anomalies during the routine examination of spontaneous or induced miscarriages and premature births. METHODS: During 1992-2015 we morphologically and cytogenetically examined a series of 4098 samples. For 1330 cases the number of umbilical cord vessels could be reported. RESULTS: The presence of single umbilical artery was identified in 67 fetuses of 1330 pregnancies (5.04 %); 36 of the 67 fetuses (53.7 %) had additional congenital malformations. The cultures were unsuccessful in 29 of 67 cases (43.3 %). 38 cases (56.7 %) were successfully karyotyped; 20 out of them had a normal karyotype and 18 had chromosomal anomalies including trisomy 18 (n = 4), trisomy 13 (n = 3), trisomy 21 (n = 2), trisomy 11 (n = 1), triploidy (n = 3), monosomy X (n = 3) and structural chromosomal aberrations (n = 2). CONCLUSION: Isolated SUA is not at increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities and generally does not endanger pregnancy. All chromosomally abnormal embryos and fetuses had associated congenital anomalies. The most frequently associated congenital anomalies were in the musculoskeletal system, central nervous system and genitourinary tract (Tab. 4, Ref. 44).


Subject(s)
Abortion, Induced , Abortion, Spontaneous/genetics , Chromosome Aberrations , Congenital Abnormalities/genetics , Karyotyping , Single Umbilical Artery/genetics , Adult , Chromosome Aberrations/statistics & numerical data , Congenital Abnormalities/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Obstetric Labor, Premature/epidemiology , Obstetric Labor, Premature/genetics , Population Surveillance , Pregnancy , Single Umbilical Artery/epidemiology , Slovakia , Statistics as Topic
2.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 31(11): 953-960, Nov. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-608532

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi acompanhar a evolução clínica, o desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo e descrever as lesões de caprinos intoxicados por Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa após a retirada dos locais onde ocorre a planta. Para isso foram utilizados 37 caprinos, divididos em 4 grupos. O Grupo 1 era composto por 14 caprinos adquiridos em uma propriedade onde ocorria a planta e que apresentavam condição corporal ruim e sinais clínicos nervosos da intoxicação, que variavam de discretos a acentuados. O Grupo 2 era composto por 10 cabras adquiridas em uma propriedade onde não ocorria a planta e também apresentavam condição corporal ruim. O Grupo 3 era composto por dois caprinos com sinais clínicos da intoxicação, que foram abatidos na fazendo onde tinham se intoxicado. O Grupo 4 era composto por 11 caprinos que serviram como controle para o estudo das lesões macroscópicas e histológicas. Os animais dos Grupos 1 e 2 foram avaliados por um período de 12 meses em uma propriedade localizada no município de Castanhal, onde não ocorre a planta. Durante esse período os animais recebiam o mesmo manejo. Seis meses após, os animais do Grupo 1 continuavam com condição corporal ruim, pelo áspero, maior susceptibilidade à infestações por parasitas gastrintestinais e permaneciam com sinais nervosos. Nos animais que apresentavam sinais nervosos discretos houve diminuição desses sinais, principalmente do tremor de intenção, que passou a ser menos perceptível. Nesse mesmo período os caprinos do Grupo 2 ganharam, em média, 13 kg. Das 8 cabras do Grupo 1 que permaneceram na propriedade experimental somente 4 emprenharam e pariram, sendo que 3 cabritos morreram logo após o nascimento, enquanto que todas as cabras do Grupo 2 emprenharam e pariram cabritos sadios. Nos encéfalos dos caprinos do Grupo 1, 3 e 4 foram realizados estudos histológico, morfológico e morfométrico. Macroscopicamente dois animais apresentaram atrofia cerebelar. No estudo morfométrico, as principais alterações histológicas observadas nos animais dos Grupos 1 e 3 foram diminuição dos neurônios de Purkinje do cerebelo. Conclui-se que caprinos cronicamente intoxicados por I. carnea que deixam de ingerir a planta apresentam sinais permanentes, mesmo que diminuídos de intensidade, fraco desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo e alta susceptibilidade aos parasitas gastrintestinais. Sugere-se que os produtores ao iniciar um plano de controle da intoxicação eliminem todos os animais que em um prazo de até 15 dias não apresentam regressão total dos sinais. O sinal permanente mais frequente é o tremor de intenção, associado à perda de neurônios de Purkinje, que poderia ser o principal responsável pela desnutrição dos animais e as conseqüentes falhas reprodutivas e maior susceptibilidade às parasitoses gastrintestinais.


The aim of this research was to study the clinical signs, productive and reproductive performance, and lesions of goats poisoned by Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa after removal from the paddocks where the plant occurred. Thirty seven goats were divided into four groups: Group 1 consisted of 14 goats with poor body conditions and mild to severe nervous signs, acquired from a farm where the plant occurred; Group 2 (control) consisted of 10 goats which had also poor body conditions, but were acquired from a farm where the plant did not occur; Group 3 consisted of two goats with clinical signs of intoxication and which were slaughtered on the farm where they became poisoned; Group 4 consisted of 11 goats slaughtered as controls for the study of gross and histological lesions. The animals from Group 1 and 2 were evaluated for a period of 12 months on a farm located in the municipality of Castanhal/Pará, in a paddock where the plant did not occur. Six months later, the animals of Group 1 continued with poor body condition, rough hair coat, and nervous signs, especially intention tremors, what became with time less noticeable. In the same period, the goats of Group 2 gained an average of 13 kg body weight. Goats from Group 1 showed to be more susceptible to gastrointestinal parasites than those from Group 2. From the eight goats of Group 1 remaining on the farm only 4 became pregnant and delivered three kids which died shortly after birth, while all goats from Group 2 got pregnant and delivered healthy kids. At necropsy, two goats from Group 1 showed cerebellar atrophy. The main histological change observed in animals of Groups 1 and 3 was a decreased number of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. It is concluded that goats chronically intoxicated by I. carnea and which discontinued to ingest the plant but showed still clinical signs, even though diminished in intensity, had poor productive and reproductive performance and were highly susceptible to gastrointestinal parasites. For economical reasons, it is suggested that farmers cull affected animals which show still nervous signs 15 days after the end of I. carnea consumption. The most common permanent clinical signs are intention tremors, probably due to the loss of Purkinje cells, what could be primarily responsible for the malnutrition of the goats, the resulting reproductive failure and increased susceptibility to gastrointestinal parasites.

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