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The aim of this study was to explore community-working occupational therapists' involvement in research and development projects. A cross-sectional survey of occupational therapists working in community-based services in Norway (n = 617) was conducted. In all, 117 of the 617 participants responded that they were involved in research and development projects. Greater likelihood of participation in research and development work were found for occupational therapists who had completed further education. Current and prioritized research topics were professional development and the development of interprofessional and professional service designs for occupational therapy. Service and quality development, rehabilitation and technology were areas where more knowledge was considered needed. To increase the growth and success of occupational therapy research and development, it is important that more occupational therapists in the municipality continue to complete further education. High-quality occupational therapy practice should be based on research and development projects in the municipalities.
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Introducción: El poco conocimiento en investigación de estudiantes de Medicina y el hecho de realizar sus tesis de pregrado en corto tiempo, pone en duda la calidad de las mismas. Objetivo: Determinar la calidad de las tesis para titularse de médico cirujano en la Universidad San Antonio Abad del Cusco (decenio 2000-2009) y evaluar su relación con algunos factores determinados. Material y Método: Estudio descriptivo y relacional. Universo: 284 tesis. Muestra aleatoria-estratificada: 172. Se recolectó la información transversal y retrospectivamente mediante un instrumento válido y confiable, evaluándose la calidad de las tesis (cumplimiento metodológico y pertinencia) y su relación con: año de sustentación, número de investigadores, diseño y área estudiada, utilizando el estadístico chi-cuadrado o alguna de sus correcciones. Resultados: Calidad de tesis: excelente (0%), aceptable (20,3%), no aceptable (79,7%). Se encontró que fue pertinente en 79,7%. Todas las secciones de una tesis, excepto el planteamiento del problema, resultaron "no aceptables" en su mayoría. Las deficiencias metodológicas principalmente fueron relacionadas con: estudio piloto (92,4%), referencias bibliográficas (77,9%), instrumento de medición (74,4%), unidad de estudio (68,6%) y operacionalización de variables (59,3%). No se halló relación al asociar variables, excepto al comparar la calidad de tesis en el bienio 2008-2009 respecto a años anteriores, con cierta mejoría (p-valor < 0,05). Conclusiones: Una de cada cinco tesis fue aceptable, siendo el planteamiento del problema de investigación la sección mejor desarrollada. Las tesis mejoraron su calidad en los dos últimos años del periodo evaluado.
Introduction: Poor knowledge on research shown by medical students, and the fact that they must complete their pre-graduate theses in a short time period, lead to doubts with respect to the quality of such research projects. Objective: To determine the quality of theses in order to obtain a medical degree in San Antonio Abad Cusco National University (from 2000 to 2009), and to establish if there is any factor influencing this. Materials and Method: This is a descriptive study using a relational model. The universe was 284 theses. The stratified and random simple included 172 theses. Data was retrospectively and cross-sectionally collected using a valid and reliable instrument, so their quality was assessed (methodology compliance and appropriateness), and we also reviewed the year theses were presented, the number of involved investigators, as well as the design and topics covered. We used the chi square test and some of its corrections for the analysis. Results: Theses were graded as excellent (0%), acceptable (20,3%), and non- acceptable (79,7%). We found theses were appropriate (79,7%). Most sections of all theses, except the investigational questions, were considered as 'non-acceptable'. Methodology deficiencies were mostly related with the following factors (pilot studies (92,4%), references (77,9%), measuring instruments (74,4%), study units (68,6%), and variable operationalization (59,3%). No relationships were found when variables were associated, except when comparing theses during the 2008-2009 period with respect to previous years, and some improvement was found (p<0,05). Conclusions: One of every five theses was graded as acceptable, and the formulation of the problem to be investigated was the best developed section. There were improvements in quality of theses during the last two years of the study period.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Research , Biomedical Research , Research Design , Research and Development Projects , Academic Dissertations as Topic , Epidemiology, DescriptiveABSTRACT
Objective: To propose a measure (index) of expected risks to evaluate and follow up the performance analysis of research projects involving financial and adequate structure parameters for its development. Methods: A ranking of acceptable results regarding research projects with complex variables was used as an index to gauge a project performance. In order to implement this method the ulcer index as the basic model to accommodate the following variables was applied: costs, high impact publication, fund raising, and patent registry. The proposed structured analysis, named here as RoSI (Return on Scientific Investment) comprises a pipeline of analysis to characterize the risk based on a modeling tool that comprises multiple variables interacting in semi-quantitatively environments. Results: This method was tested with data from three different projects in our Institution (projects A, B and C). Different curves reflected the ulcer indexes identifying the project that may have a minor risk (project C) related to development and expected results according to initial or full investment. Conclusion: The results showed that this model contributes significantly to the analysis of risk and planning as well as to the definition of necessary investments that consider contingency actions with benefits to the different stakeholders: the investor or donor, the project manager and the researchers.
Objetivos: Propor um novo índice adaptado de riscos esperados para avaliar, planejar e acompanhar projetos de pesquisa que dependem de financiamento e estrutura adequada para o seu desenvolvimento. Métodos: Uma grade de resultados aceitáveis em relação aos projetos de pesquisa com variáveis complexas foi aplicada como índice para mensurar o desempenho dos projetos. Para sua implementação foram utilizados o índice de ulcer como medida básica para acomodar as seguintes variáveis: custos, fator de impacto de publicação, levantamento de fundos e registro de patentes. Obteve-se uma ferramenta de modelagem aqui denominada "Retorno sobre Investimento Científico" (RoSI) que permitiu mensurar e acompanhar projetos de modo analítico, levando-se em conta o conjunto dos resultados esperados, as respectivas variáveis e suas interações analisadas num ambiente virtual semi-quantitativo. Resultados: O modelo foi testado para avaliação de três projetos da Instituição (projetos A, B, e C). Diferentes curvas refletem os índices de ulcer identificando o projeto de menor risco (projeto C) relacionado ao desenvolvimento e resultados esperados de acordo com o investimento inicial ou total considerado. Conclusão: O modelo contribuiu tanto para a quantificação dos riscos e planejamento, quanto para a definição de investimentos necessários que contemplem ações de contingência, beneficiando os diferentes stakeholders envolvidos: o financiador (investidor ou doador), o gestor e os pesquisadores.
