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1.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38768850

ABSTRACT

In retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) type I, the use of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB), which is an inhibitor of endothelial growth factor (VEGF), has become popular despite not being a therapy approved by regulatory agencies. However, IVB has shown positive effects in halting disease progression at lower costs compared to other anti-VEGF therapies (ranibizumab or aflibercept). In this report, we present the experience during the treatment with IVB of 102 Colombian children with ROP type I, with a success rate of 98% (100). Complications occurred in 3.9% (4). Finally, we conclude that a single dose of IVB is an effective therapy for the management of ROP type I, with a lower risk of complications and retreatment.

2.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 952023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1515295

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La retinopatía del prematuro es una enfermedad ocular provocada por una alteración en la vasculogénesis de la retina, que lleva a la pérdida parcial o total de la visión. Objetivo: Presentar el primer caso, en la provincia de Santa Clara, de retinopatía de la prematuridad agresiva posterior y el tratamiento realizado. Presentación del caso: Niña prematura con más de 5 factores de riesgo al nacer que presentó retinopatía de la prematuridad agresiva posterior y se le realizó tratamiento con bevacizumab intravítreo. Conclusiones: La evolución de la niña en un período de un 1 año resultó satisfactoria con regresión total de la enfermedad. El tratamiento establecido constituye un método alternativo con buenos resultados en algunas condiciones específicas como la retinopatía del prematuro agresiva posterior(AU)


Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity is an ocular disease caused by an alteration in retinal vasculogenesis, leading to partial or total loss of sight. Objective: To present the first case, in the province of Santa Clara, of aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity and the treatment performed. Case presentation: Premature girl with more than 5 risk factors at birth who presented aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity and was treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. Conclusions: The evolution of the girl in a period of 1 year was satisfactory with total regression of the disease. The established treatment constitutes an alternative method with good results in some specific conditions such as aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Retinopathy of Prematurity/drug therapy , Ranibizumab/therapeutic use , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/complications , Bevacizumab/therapeutic use
3.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 97(10): 543-548, Oct. 2022.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-209648

ABSTRACT

Objetivo general Evaluar la precisión y validez de imágenes vía teléfono inteligente en comparación con el sistema RetCam® para el diagnóstico de retinopatía del prematuro (ROP). Metodología Estudio observacional, de corte longitudinal y enmascarado realizado en el hospital Dr. Elías Santana. Se incluyeron infantes con peso al nacer ≤ 1.500 g, edad gestacional ≤ 30 semanas y/o pacientes expuestos a factores de riesgo o complicaciones ligadas a ROP. Estos sujetos fueron tamizados empleando imágenes vía teléfono inteligente o RetCam®, ambos comparados con la fondoscopía convencional. Se utilizó la clasificación de ICROP para la estadificación. Los resultados principales analizados fueron sensibilidad, especificidad, valores predictivos e índice kappa. Resultados Se obtuvieron 915 imágenes (n = 121), distribuidas en grupo teléfono inteligente (50,4%) y grupo RetCam® (49,6%) entre agosto del 2020 y marzo del 2021. Los sujetos que presentaron ROP tuvieron menor edad gestacional (30,2 sem ± 2.8), peso al nacer (1.361 g ± 398) y mayor exposición a oxigenoterapia (12,8 días ± 11,3). El grupo RetCam® presentó sensibilidad = 80%, especificidad = 78%, valor predictivo positivo = 90% e índice kappa = 0,70. El grupo teléfono inteligente presentó sensibilidad = 88%, especificidad = 90%, valor predictivo positivo = 93,75% e índice kappa = 0,81. Conclusiones Ambos métodos diagnósticos fueron precisos para identificar ROP. El grupo teléfono inteligente obtuvo resultados superiores con una excelente resolución, representando un método costo-efectivo para crear un impacto global en la reducción de la ceguera prevenible en población pediátrica (AU)


General objective To evaluate the accuracy and validity of images with smartphone compared to the RetCam® system for the diagnosis of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methodology Observational, longitudinal and masked study carried out at the Dr. Elías Santana hospital. Infants with birth weight ≤ 1500 g, gestational age ≤ 30 weeks and/or patients exposed to risk factors or complications linked to ROP were included. These subjects were screened using images with smartphone or RetCam®, both compared to conventional fundoscopy. The ICROP classification was used for staging. The main results analyzed were sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and kappa index. Results 915 images (n = 121) were obtained, distributed in smartphone group (50.4%) and RetCam® group (49.6%) between August 2020 and March 2021. Subjects with ROP had lower gestational age (30.2 sem ± 2.8), birth weight (1361 g ± 398), and greater exposure to oxygen therapy (12.8 days ± 11.3). The RetCam® group presented sensitivity = 80%, specificity = 78%, positive predictive value = 90% and kappa index = 0.70. The smartphone group presented sensitivity = 88%, specificity = 90%, positive predictive value = 93.75% and kappa index = 0.81. Conclusions Both diagnostic methods were accurate to identify ROP. The smartphone group obtained superior results with excellent resolution, representing a cost-effective method to create a global impact on reducing preventable blindness in the pediatric population (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Retinopathy of Prematurity/diagnostic imaging , Telemedicine/methods , Infant, Premature , Longitudinal Studies , Gestational Age , Birth Weight , Neonatal Screening , Reproducibility of Results
4.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) ; 97(10): 543-548, 2022 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36038486

ABSTRACT

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy and validity of images with smartphone compared to the RetCam® system for the diagnosis of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODOLOGY: Observational, longitudinal and masked study carried out at the Dr. Elías Santana hospital. Infants with birth weight ≤1500 g, gestational age ≤30 weeks and/or patients exposed to risk factors or complications linked to ROP were included. These subjects were screened using images with smartphone or RetCam®, both compared to conventional fundoscopy. The ICROP classification was used for staging. The main results analyzed were sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and kappa index. RESULTS: 915 images (n = 121) were obtained, distributed in smartphone group (50.4%) and RetCam® group (49.6%) between August 2020 and March 2021. Subjects with ROP had lower gestational age (30.2 sem ± 2.8), birth weight (1361 g ± 398), and greater exposure to oxygen therapy (12.8 days ± 11.3). The RetCam® group presented sensitivity = 80%, specificity = 78%, positive predictive value = 90% and kappa index = 0.70. The smartphone group presented sensitivity = 88%, specificity = 90%, positive predictive value = 93.75% and kappa index = 0.81. CONCLUSIONS: Both diagnostic methods were accurate to identify ROP. The smartphone group obtained superior results with excellent resolution, representing a cost-effective method to create a global impact on reducing preventable blindness in the pediatric population.


Subject(s)
Retinopathy of Prematurity , Telemedicine , Birth Weight , Child , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Ophthalmoscopy/methods , Oxygen , Retinopathy of Prematurity/diagnosis
5.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 95(2): 78-85, ago. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-207576

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La retinopatía del prematuro (ROP) se caracteriza por el desarrollo vascular insuficiente en la retina que, en los casos severos precisa tratamiento precoz para evitar secuelas visuales. Es actualmente la segunda causa mundial de ceguera infantil prevenible.Pacientes y métodos: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, de casos-controles sobre 233 recién nacidos prematuros explorados entre 1999-2019.Resultados: La ganancia de peso posnatal en las primeras 4 semanas, el peso al nacer, la edad gestacional, la ventilación mecánica, las transfusiones recibidas y la presencia de sepsis, ductus arteriovenoso persistente, enterocolitis necrosante, hemorragia intraventricular o leucomalacia periventricular, mostraron diferencias significativas entre el grupo de ROP no susceptible de tratamiento frente al grupo candidato a tratamiento. La ganancia ponderal media fue 12,75±5,99g/día en el grupo no susceptible de tratamiento y 9,50±5,45g/día en el susceptible de tratamiento. El riesgo de ROP candidata a tratamiento se redujo progresivamente con el aumento de ganancia ponderal. La reducción del riesgo fue de 2,76 - 8,35% en ganancias de 10g/día, y alcanza el 7,17 - 12,76% en ganancias de 20g/día.Conclusiones: El riesgo de presentar ROP severa candidata a tratamiento disminuye con el aumento de la ganancia de peso posnatal en las primeras 4 semanas. Esta relación se mantiene en ganancias de peso >14g/día. Sin embargo, se deben tener en cuenta la edad gestacional y peso al nacer del recién nacido, la duración de la ventilación mecánica y su comorbilidad para la evaluación global del riesgo de ROP que precisa tratamiento. (AU)


Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is characterised by insufficient vascular development in the retina, and requires early treatment to avoid visual disability in severe cases. ROP is currently the second leading cause of preventable child blindness in the world.Patients and methods: This was an observational, retrospective, case-control study including 233 preterm infants examined between 1999 and 2019.Results: Postnatal weight gain in the first 4 weeks of life, birth weight, gestational age, mechanical ventilation, transfusion, presence of sepsis, persistence of arterial ductus, necrotising enterocolitis, intraventricular haemorrhage, or periventricular leukomalacia were found to be significantly different between the ROP groups requiring and not requiring treatment. The mean postnatal weight gain in the ROP group not requiring treatment was 12.75±5.99g/day, whereas it was 9.50±5.45g/day in the ROP group requiring treatment. The risk of developing ROP that required treatment decreased with an increase in weight gain. The risk reduction was 2.76 - 8.35% in preterm infants gaining 10g/day, and 7.17 - 12.76% in infants gaining 20g/day.Conclusions: The risk of developing ROP requiring treatment decreased with increasing weight gain in the first 4 weeks of life. This was applicable in infants with postnatal weight gain ≥ 14g/day. However, gestational age, birth weight, time of mechanical ventilation, and comorbidity should be taken into account when evaluating the risk of ROP requiring treatment. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Retinopathy of Prematurity/diet therapy , Retinopathy of Prematurity/drug therapy , Retinopathy of Prematurity/prevention & control , Infant, Premature , Blindness , Retrospective Studies , Weight Gain , Birth Weight
6.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 95(2): 78-85, 2021 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34172428

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is characterised by insufficient vascular development in the retina, and requires early treatment to avoid visual disability in severe cases. ROP is currently the second leading cause of preventable child blindness in the world. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was an observational, retrospective, case-control study including 233 preterm infants examined between 1999 and 2019. RESULTS: Postnatal weight gain in the first 4 weeks of life, birth weight, gestational age, mechanical ventilation, transfusion, presence of sepsis, persistence of arterial ductus, necrotising enterocolitis, intraventricular haemorrhage, or periventricular leukomalacia were found to be significantly different between the ROP groups requiring and not requiring treatment. The mean postnatal weight gain in the ROP group not requiring treatment was 12.75 ±â€¯5.99 g/day, whereas it was 9.50 ±â€¯5.45 g/day in the ROP group requiring treatment. The risk of developing ROP that required treatment decreased with an increase in weight gain. The risk reduction was 2.76%-8.35% in preterm infants gaining 10 g/day, and 7.17%-12.76% in infants gaining 20 g/day. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of developing ROP requiring treatment decreased with increasing weight gain in the first 4 weeks of life. This was applicable in infants with postnatal weight gain ≥14 g/day. However, gestational age, birth weight, time of mechanical ventilation, and comorbidity should be taken into account when evaluating the risk of ROP requiring treatment.


Subject(s)
Retinopathy of Prematurity , Weight Gain , Birth Weight , Case-Control Studies , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies
7.
Pediatr. (Asunción) ; 48(1)abr. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1386654

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La Retinopatía del Prematuro (ROP) es una de las principales causas de ceguera prevenibles en la infancia. La Fundación Visión implementa; el Programa de Prevención, Detección y Tratamiento en el año 2015. Objetivos: Describir los resultados de implementación y los resultados alcanzados por un programa de ROP en su accesibilidad, efectividad y calidad de atención. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, ambispectivo, de casos consecutivos de recién nacidos prematuros con criterios de evaluación; de una población evaluada en el año 2009 y del 2015 al 2019. Resultados: Las unidades neonatales incluidas aumentaron de 3 a 7; cubriendo Asunción, área Central, Caaguazú y Alto Paraná. De los registros se constato que la cobertura aumento de 36% en el año 2009 a 97% en el 2019. Desde que se instaló el programa; en el primer año la proporción del número de evaluaciones aumento entre el 28 y el 216%; y los resultados globales de julio 2015 a diciembre 2019 fueron: número totales de pacientes con criterio: 2397 pacientes; número totales de pacientes evaluados: 2080 (86,8%), número de pacientes con ROP: 416/2080 pacientes (20%), número de pacientes con ROP que requirieron tratamiento: 76/416 pacientes (18,2%), proporción global de ROP grave con tratamiento: 76/2080 pacientes (3,4%). Conclusiones: El programa a través de un equipo multidisplinario y la inovación con telemedicina logró aumentar la proporción de cobertura y la disminución de los casos graves que requirieron tratamiento.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is one of the main preventable causes of blindness in childhood. The Vision Foundation implemented the Prevention, Detection and Treatment Program in 2015. Objective: To describe the implementation results and the outcomes achieved by a ROP program regarding its accessibility, effectiveness and quality of care. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive and ambispective study of consecutive cases of premature newborns with criteria for evaluation, of a population evaluated in the year 2009 and from 2015 to 2019. Results: The participating neonatal units increased from 3 to 7; covering Asunción, the Central, Caaguazú and Alto Paraná Departments. From the records, it was found that program coverage increased from 36% in 2009 to 97% in 2019. Since the beginning of the program, during the first year the proportion of the number of evaluations increased between 28 and 218%; the global results from July 2015 to December 2019 were: total number of patients with criteria: 2397 patients; total number of patients evaluated: 2,080 (88%), number of patients with ROP: 416/2080 patients (20 %), number of patients with ROP requiring treatment: 76/416 patients (18.3%), overall proportion of severe ROP with treatment: 76/2080 patients (3.4%). Conclusions: The program, using a multidisciplinary team and the innovation of telemedicine, managed to increase the proportion of coverage and the reduction of serious cases that require treatment.

8.
Rev. Soc. Colomb. Oftalmol ; 54(1): 20-28, 2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1444991

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La prematuridad se asocia con secuelas oftalmológicas graves, como la retinopatía de la prematuridad (RP), pero otras menos reconocidas incluyen una menor agudeza visual y una mayor frecuencia de defectos refractivos y estrabismo. Objetivo: Describir las alteraciones oftalmológicas encontradas en una cohorte de niños de entre 3 y 8 años con antecedente de prematuridad. Método: Estudio de cohorte prospectiva que incluyó 62 pacientes del programa canguro del Hospital Militar Central (Bogotá). Se registraron antecedentes perinatales y se realizó valoración oftalmológica completa. Se determinaron prevalencias de baja agudeza visual, defectos refractivos y estrabismo, y se compararon subgrupos según peso y edad gestacional. Resultados: La prevalencia de RP fue del 1.61%, correspondiente a una paciente ciega con estadio V. Esta cifra fue significativamente más baja que la reportada en otros estudios, pero concordante con la frecuencia esperada para RP grave. El 10.48% tenían agudezas visuales < 20/40, incluyendo dos pacientes con no percepción de luz y no fija, no sigue, no mantiene, como secuelas de RP y alteraciones neurológicas, pertenecientes al subgrupo de prematuridad extrema, con significancia estadística. Se encontraron unas prevalencias del 87.09% para hipermetropía, el 6.14% para miopía y el 62.9% para astigmatismo. La menor frecuencia de miopía se debe posiblemente al bajo número de pacientes con RP. La prevalencia de estrabismo fue del 30.65%, siendo más frecuente la exotropía, con un 20.97%, sin diferencias en el análisis por subgrupos. Conclusiones: La morbilidad oftalmológica es una secuela importante de la prematuridad. Un porcentaje considerable tendrá baja agudeza visual, debido a defectos refractivos, estrabismo, alteraciones neurológicas y RP, la cual sigue siendo una importante causa de ceguera infanti


Introduction: Pre-term birth is associated with serious ophthalmic sequelae like retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), but other less recognized include decreased visual acuity, and higher frequency of refractive errors and strabismus. Objective: Describe ophthalmological alterations found in a cohort of children between 3 to 5 years of age with a history of preterm birth. Method: Prospective cohort study, including 62 patients from kangaroo mother care program in Central Military Hospital (Bogotá). Perinatal factors were registered and complete ophthalmic examination was performed. Prevalence of low visual acuity, refractive errors and strabismus were determined, and groups according to birth weight and gestational age were compared. Results: Prevalence of RP was 1.61%, corresponding to a blind patient with stage V disease, this is considerably lower than that reported in other studies, but consistent with expected frequency for severe RP. 10.48% of eyes had visual acuity worse than 20/40, including 2 patients with NLP and NFNSNM, secondary to RP and neurologic alterations, who belong to the extreme preterm subgroup, with statistical significance. Prevalence of 87.09% were found for hyperopia, 6.14% for myopia and 62.9% for astigmatism. Lesser frequency of myopia is possibly due to the low number of patients with RP. Prevalence of strabismus was 30.65%, being exotropia the most common deviation with 20.97%, with no difference in subgroup analysis. Conclusions: Ophthalmic morbidity is an important sequel of prematurity. A considerable percentage will have low visual acuity secondary to refractive errors, strabismus, neurological alterations, and RP, which remains a major cause of childhood blindness


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Colombia
9.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex ; 77(3): 135-141, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32496466

ABSTRACT

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the principal cause of blindness during childhood. The objective of this study was to analyze the frequency of ROP and risk factors associated with ROP in a cohort of very low birth weight infants. Methods: A cases (ROP) and controls (no ROP) study of infants less than 1500 g was conducted. Perinatal and neonatal variables were analyzed. For the statistical analysis, χ2 test, Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney's U-test were used. Results: For the study, 282 neonates were included: 152 (53.9%) with ROP and 130 (46.1%) without ROP. The most frequent stages observed were stage 1 and 2, with 139 (91.4%) patients, and stages 3 to 5, with only 13 patients (8.5%). In those neonates with ROP compared with neonates without ROP, the birth weight was less (902.7 vs. 1037.9 g) and the difference was significant (p < 0.0001). Also, the difference with gestational age (28.2 vs. 29.6; p < 0.0001), total ventilation days (32.8 vs. 16.1; p < 0.00001) and total oxygen days (87.7 vs. 62.6; p < 0.0001) was significant in neonates with ROP and neonates without the disease. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage and late onset sepsis were significant with patients with ROP. Conclusions: The frequency of ROP reported here is higher than the reported in Mexican population, with less cases of severe ROP. The neonatal surveillance in babies with less birth weight and gestational age is important to decrease the incidence of ROP.


Introducción: La retinopatía del prematuro (ROP) es una de las principales causas de ceguera infantil. La inmadurez y la exposición a oxígeno son algunos factores de riesgo. El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar la frecuencia y los factores de riesgo de ROP en una cohorte de recién nacidos menores de 1,500 g. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio de casos (con ROP) y controles (sin ROP) de recién nacidos menores de 1,500 g. Se analizaron variables prenatales y neonatales, y para su comparación se utilizaron las pruebas estadísticas t de Student, χ2 y U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Se analizaron 282 recién nacidos: 152 (53.9%) con ROP y 130 (46.1%) sin ROP. La mayor frecuencia se encontró en los estadios 1 y 2, con 139 pacientes (91.4%), seguidos de los estadios 3 a 5, con 13 pacientes (8.5%). En los pacientes con ROP, el peso al nacer fue menor (902.7 vs. 1037.9 g; p < 0.0001), así como la edad gestacional (28.2 vs. 29.6 semanas de gestación; p < 0.0001). Los días de ventilación (32.8 vs. 16.1; p < 0.00001) y los días de oxígeno requerido durante la estancia hospitalaria (87.7 vs. 62.6; p < 0.0001) fueron mayores en los pacientes con ROP. La displasia broncopulmonar, la hemorragia intraventricular y la sepsis tardía fueron comorbilidades significativas para el desarrollo de ROP. Conclusiones: En este estudio, la frecuencia de ROP fue mayor que la reportada en la población mexicana, con una baja proporción de formas graves. La vigilancia estrecha del manejo de los neonatos con menor peso y menos edad gestacional es fundamental para lograr disminuir esta enfermedad.


Subject(s)
Retinopathy of Prematurity , Birth Weight , Female , Gestational Age , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Pregnancy , Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology , Risk Factors
10.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 77(3): 135-141, may.-jun. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1124280

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: La retinopatía del prematuro (ROP) es una de las principales causas de ceguera infantil. La inmadurez y la exposición a oxígeno son algunos factores de riesgo. El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar la frecuencia y los factores de riesgo de ROP en una cohorte de recién nacidos menores de 1,500 g. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio de casos (con ROP) y controles (sin ROP) de recién nacidos menores de 1,500 g. Se analizaron variables prenatales y neonatales, y para su comparación se utilizaron las pruebas estadísticas t de Student, χ2 y U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Se analizaron 282 recién nacidos: 152 (53.9%) con ROP y 130 (46.1%) sin ROP. La mayor frecuencia se encontró en los estadios 1 y 2, con 139 pacientes (91.4%), seguidos de los estadios 3 a 5, con 13 pacientes (8.5%). En los pacientes con ROP, el peso al nacer fue menor (902.7 vs. 1037.9 g; p < 0.0001), así como la edad gestacional (28.2 vs. 29.6 semanas de gestación; p < 0.0001). Los días de ventilación (32.8 vs. 16.1; p < 0.00001) y los días de oxígeno requerido durante la estancia hospitalaria (87.7 vs. 62.6; p < 0.0001) fueron mayores en los pacientes con ROP. La displasia broncopulmonar, la hemorragia intraventricular y la sepsis tardía fueron comorbilidades significativas para el desarrollo de ROP. Conclusiones: En este estudio, la frecuencia de ROP fue mayor que la reportada en la población mexicana, con una baja proporción de formas graves. La vigilancia estrecha del manejo de los neonatos con menor peso y menos edad gestacional es fundamental para lograr disminuir esta enfermedad.


Abstract Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the principal cause of blindness during childhood. The objective of this study was to analyze the frequency of ROP and risk factors associated with ROP in a cohort of very low birth weight infants. Methods: A cases (ROP) and controls (no ROP) study of infants less than 1500 g was conducted. Perinatal and neonatal variables were analyzed. For the statistical analysis, χ2 test, Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney’s U-test were used. Results: For the study, 282 neonates were included: 152 (53.9%) with ROP and 130 (46.1%) without ROP. The most frequent stages observed were stage 1 and 2, with 139 (91.4%) patients, and stages 3 to 5, with only 13 patients (8.5%). In those neonates with ROP compared with neonates without ROP, the birth weight was less (902.7 vs. 1037.9 g) and the difference was significant (p < 0.0001). Also, the difference with gestational age (28.2 vs. 29.6; p < 0.0001), total ventilation days (32.8 vs. 16.1; p < 0.00001) and total oxygen days (87.7 vs. 62.6; p < 0.0001) was significant in neonates with ROP and neonates without the disease. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage and late onset sepsis were significant with patients with ROP. Conclusions: The frequency of ROP reported here is higher than the reported in Mexican population, with less cases of severe ROP. The neonatal surveillance in babies with less birth weight and gestational age is important to decrease the incidence of ROP.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Retinopathy of Prematurity , Birth Weight , Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Gestational Age , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight
11.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 91(1): 122-130, feb. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092797

ABSTRACT

Resumen: La Retinopatía del Prematuro (RDP) es una alteración proliferativa de los vasos sanguíneos de la retina inmadura, que afecta principalmente a los recién nacidos de muy bajo peso (RNMBP) y de menor edad gestacional. El objetivo de esta revisión es describir a qué niño se debe efectuar la detección de esta enfermedad y analizar los recientes avances en su tratamiento. La detección de RDP está dirigida principalmente a los RNMBP y a < de 32 semanas de edad gestacional, pero también se ha propuesto un criterio según edad postmenstrual. Además de la fotocoagulación con láser, tratamiento estándar en la actualidad, se han desarrollado nuevas terapias, como los agentes anti factor de crecimiento vas cular endotelial (VEGF), que se han utilizado exitosamente en la retinopatía umbral, especialmente localizada en zona I, con menos efectos adversos y mejores resultados oculares a futuro. que la fo tocoagulación con láser. En los últimos años, se han realizado ensayos clínicos con propranolol oral como tratamiento de la RDP, principalmente en la etapa pre-umbral (etapa 2 o 3 en zona II ó III). Este bloqueador beta-adrenérgico puede prevenir la progresión de la retinopatía en RNMBP de etapa pre- umbral a umbral y/o evitar la necesidad de terapias invasivas, como la fotocoagulación con láser o la administración intravítrea de agentes anti-VEGF. La fotocoagulación con láser continúa siendo el tra tamiento de elección en la RDP. Los agentes anti-VEGF y el propranolol oral, evitarían la progresión de esta patología de etapa pre-umbral a umbral, y podrían complementar el tratamiento de la RDP.


Abstract: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a proliferative disorder of the blood vessels of the immature retina, which affects mainly very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBW). The objective of this review is to describe to which infant the screening examination of this disease should be performed and to analy ze the recent advances in the treatment of this disease, which have emerged in the last decade. The detection of this disease is mainly focused on VLBW infants and newborns < 32 weeks of gestational age. In addition to laser photocoagulation, standard treatment today, new therapies have appeared, such as the anti-VEGF agents, which have been successfully used in the threshold ROP, especially located in zone I. This therapy is less harmful than laser photocoagulation and with better ocular results in the future. In recent years, oral propranolol has been used as a treatment for ROP in clinical trials, mainly in the pre-threshold stage (stage 2 or 3 in zone II or III). This drug is a beta-adrenergic blocker that can prevent the progression of retinopathy in pre-threshold to threshold stage and/or avoid the need for invasive therapies, such as laser photocoagulation or intravitreal administration of anti-VEGF agents. Laser photocoagulation continues to be the standard treatment for ROP. New treatments have emerged for ROP, such as anti-VEGF agents and oral propranolol, which could pre vent the progression of this disease from the pre-threshold to the threshold stage.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Retinopathy of Prematurity/diagnosis , Retinopathy of Prematurity/therapy , Propranolol/therapeutic use , Infant, Premature , Treatment Outcome , Combined Modality Therapy , Adrenergic beta-Agonists/therapeutic use , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors , Light Coagulation
12.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 72(3): 592-599, May.-Jun. 2019. tab
Article in English | BDENF - Nursing, LILACS | ID: biblio-1013536

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the influence of oxygen in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature newborns (PTNB) hospitalized in neonatal units of intensive care and undergoing ophthalmological follow-up procedures after hospital discharge. Method: retrospective cohort study, from January 2014 to June 2016, whose data collection totaled 181 charts. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results: when using oxygen (O2) in 148 PTNB (81.7%), both mask (n=141; 77.9%; p-value <0.001) and the tracheal tube predominated (n=100; 55.25; p-value <0.001) for 15 days in average. The time of use and O2 concentration of the tracheal tube (p-value <0.001), the time of mask use (p-value <0.001) and the time and concentration of O2 of the continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (p-value <0.001) were significant to cause ROP in 50 PTNB (11.31%). Conclusion: the oxygen therapy has influenced the development and severity of ROP, indicating the need to adopt protocols for its use.


RESUMEN Objetivo: describir la influencia del oxígeno en la retinopatía del prematuro (ROP) en recién nacidos prematuros (RNPT) hospitalizados en unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatal y en seguimiento tras alta hospitalaria por servicio de oftalmología del estado del Paraná, en Brasil. Método: estudio de cohorte retrospectivo, en recorte temporal de enero del 2014 a junio del 2016, con recolección de datos en 181 fichas clínicas. Análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados: utilizaron oxígeno (O2) 148 RNPT (81,7 %), predominando máscara (n=141; 77,9%; p-valor < 0,001) e intubación orotraqueal (TOT) (n=100; 55,25; p-valor < 0,001), alrededor de 15 días. El tiempo de uso y la concentración de O2 de TOT (p-valor < 0,001), tiempo de uso de máscara (p-valor < 0,001) y tiempo y concentración de O2 del continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (p-valor < 0,001) fueron significativos para desencadenar la ROP en 50 (11,31 %) RNPT. Conclusión: la terapéutica con oxígeno influyó en el desarrollo y gravedad de la ROP, indicando la necesidad de adoptar protocolos para su uso.


RESUMO Objetivo: descrever a influência do oxigênio na retinopatia da prematuridade (ROP) em recém-nascidos prematuros (RNPT) hospitalizados em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal e em seguimento pós-alta hospitalar por serviço de oftalmologia do Paraná. Método: estudo de coorte retrospectivo, em recorte temporal de janeiro de 2014 a junho de 2016, com coleta de dados em 181 prontuários. Análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: utilizaram oxigênio (O2) 148 RNPT (81,7%), predominando máscara (n=141; 77,9%; p-valor < 0,001) e tubo orotraqueal (TOT) (n=100; 55,25; p-valor < 0,001), em média por 15 dias. O tempo de uso e a concentração de O2 de TOT (p-valor < 0,001), tempo de uso de máscara (p-valor < 0,001) e tempo e concentração de O2 do continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (p-valor < 0,001) foram significativos para desencadear a ROP em 50 (11,31%) RNPT. Conclusão: a terapêutica com oxigênio influenciou no desenvolvimento e gravidade da ROP, indicando a necessidade de adoção de protocolos para seu uso.


Subject(s)
Humans , Oxygen/metabolism , Retinopathy of Prematurity/etiology , Infant, Premature/physiology , Oxygen/adverse effects , Retinopathy of Prematurity/physiopathology , Brazil , Infant, Premature/growth & development , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies , Gestational Age
13.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(6): 386-393, dic. 2018. graf
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-973682

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El Grupo ROP Argentina,a cargo del "Programa Nacional para la Prevención de la Ceguera en la Infancia por Retinopatía del Prematuro" (ROP), se creó en 2003. Objetivos. Describir la implementación y resultados alcanzados por el programa en la efectividad, acceso y calidad en la atención de la ROP (2004-2016). Población y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de una cohorte dinámica, en instituciones adheridas al registro. Población elegible: la totalidad de recién nacidos prematuros con factores de riesgo para desarrollar ROP. Resultados. Los servicios incorporados aumentaron de 14 a 98; cubrieron 24 provincias. Los niños < 1500 g registrados en 2004fueron 956, y 2739 en 2016. El 22,7 % de estos presentó algún grado de ROP y el 7,8 % requirió tratamiento (ROP grave). La pesquisa superó el 90 % y aumentaron los tratamientos en el lugar de origen (57 %-92 %). La incidencia de casos inusuales sigue siendo elevada (17,3 % de los tratados) y aún se registran oportunidades perdidas. El uso de drogas antiangiogénicas se triplicó desde su inicio en 2011. Conclusiones. Se observan logros significativos en términos de representatividad, alcance y adherencia al programa, también en el acceso a la pesquisa y tratamiento en el lugar de origen; sin embargo, la incidencia de ROP es aún elevada. La subraya la necesidad de fortalecer aún más las acciones del programa en cuanto a servicios.


Introduction. The ROP Argentina Group was created in 2003 and is responsible for the National Program for the Prevention of Blindness in Childhood by Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) in Argentina. Objectives. To describe the program implementation and results achieved in relation to ROP care in terms of effectiveness, access, and quality (2004-2016). Population and methods. Descriptive, retrospective study with a dynamic cohort carried out in facilities that are part of the registry. Eligible population: All preterm newborn infants with risk factors for ROP. Results. Participating health care services increased from 14 to 98 and covered the 23 provinces and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. A total of 956 infants were born with < 1500 g in 2004 and 2739, in 2016. Of these, 22.7 % had some degree of ROP and 7.8 % required treatment (severe ROP). Vision screening exceeded 90 %, and treatments at the place of origin increased (57 %-92 %). The incidence of unusual cases is still high (17.3 % of treated cases), and missed opportunities are still recorded. The use of anti-angiogenic drugs trebled since 2011, when they started to be used. Conclusions. Significant achievements were observed in terms of program representativeness, scope, and adherence, and also in relation to screening access and treatment at the place of origin; however, the incidence of ROP is still high. The persistence of unusual cases and missed opportunities evidences deficiencies in the quality of health care and outpatient followup and underlines the need to strengthen the program actions in relation to services.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Retinopathy of Prematurity/diagnosis , Neonatal Screening/methods , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Argentina/epidemiology , Severity of Illness Index , Retinopathy of Prematurity/prevention & control , Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology , Infant, Premature , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Incidence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Health Services Accessibility , National Health Programs/organization & administration
14.
Gac Med Mex ; 154(5): 561-568, 2018.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30407454

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease where retinal blood vessels do not develop normally and may cause visual damage and blindness. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency and severity of ROP in preterm newborns. METHOD: A descriptive, comparative study was carried out within the 2009-2013 period. Patients' general characteristics were recorded, including gestational age and postmenstrual age at the moment of ophthalmologic examination, as well as ROP severity and type of treatment. RESULTS: A total of 326 preterm newborns were included: 47.8 % (n = 156) had ROP; in 21.1 % it was severe (stage ≥ 3). Median gestational age was 28 weeks in preterm newborns with ROP, median birth weight was 1000 g, and median postmenstrual age at ophthalmological examination was 36 weeks. Of the infants with ROP, 71.1 % received treatment: 63.4 % of those who had mild ROP and 100 % of those with severe ROP. CONCLUSIONS: ROP frequency was high, higher than that reported in developed countries and similar to that in developing countries. The frequency of severe ROP was also higher. It is necessary for effective programs for the detection and opportune treatment of ROP to be established.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La retinopatía del prematuro (ROP) es una enfermedad en la que los vasos sanguíneos de la retina no se desarrollan normalmente, lo que puede ocasionar daño visual y ceguera. OBJETIVO: Identificar la frecuencia y gravedad de la ROP en recién nacidos prematuros. MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo comparativo realizado en el periodo 2009-2013. Se registraron características generales de los pacientes, edad posnatal y edad posconcepcional al momento de la exploración oftalmológica, así como gravedad y tratamiento de la ROP. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 326 recién nacidos prematuros: 47.8 % (n = 156) tuvo ROP, en 21.1 % fue grave (estadio ≥ 3). La mediana de la edad gestacional fue de 28 semanas en los recién nacidos prematuros con ROP, el peso al nacer fue de 1000 g y la edad posconcepcional a la exploración oftalmológica fue de 36 semanas. De los niños con ROP, 71.1 % recibió tratamiento, 63.4 % de aquellos que tuvieron ROP leve y 100 % de aquellos con ROP grave. CONCLUSIONES: La frecuencia de ROP fue alta, mayor a la reportada en los países desarrollados y similar a la de otros países en desarrollo. La frecuencia de ROP grave también fue mayor. Es necesario establecer programas efectivos de detección y tratamiento oportuno de ROP.


Subject(s)
Infant, Premature , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology , Birth Weight , Female , Gestational Age , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Retinopathy of Prematurity/physiopathology , Severity of Illness Index
15.
Iatreia ; 31(1): 29-35, ene.-mar. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-892685

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir los desenlaces luego de la aplicación de terapia antiangiogénica intravítrea con Ranibizumab en pacientes con retinopatía de la prematuridad (ROP), tratados inicialmente con termoterapia transpupilar láser sin regresión de la enfermedad. Métodos: cohorte histórica en Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana (CUB) durante 2008-2015. Evaluación de pacientes prematuros con retinopatía agresiva posterior y enfermedad umbral que recibieron termoterapia transpupilar láser como tratamiento inicial. Debido a que continuaba el proceso de neovascularización, se indicó terapia antiangiogénica intravítrea con ranibizumb. El desenlace primario fue la resolución de la neovascularización (NV) y la ausencia de recurrencia. Los desenlaces secundarios fueron agudeza visual y complicaciones oculares y sistémicas. Resultados: ocho ojos de 4 pacientes fueron incluidos. Se encontró resolución de la neovascularización en 6 de los 8 ojos, densidad de incidencia 48 x 100 personas año, IC 95 % = 17,6 - 100 con una mediana de seguimiento de 23.5 meses, rango 13-90 meses. No se encontraron complicaciones oculares ni sistémicas. Conclusión: esta pequeña cohorte sugiere que la inyección intravitrea de ranibizumab para ROP, en casos que inicialmente se trataron con termoterapia transpupilar con láser y no se resolvió la retinopatía, ayudaría como complemento para una evolución favorable.


SUMMARY Purpose: To describe ocular outcomes after intravitreal ranibizumab injections in patients with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), who had transpupillary laser thermotherapy without regression of the disease. Methods: Historical cohort in Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana (CUB) during 2008-2015. Evaluation of patients with aggressive posterior ROP, threshold disease, who received intravitreal ranibizumab secondary to treatment with transpupillary thermotherapy. The primary outcome was treatment success defined as the resolution of neovascularization (NV) and no recurrence. The secondary endpoints were visual acuity and ocular and systemic complications. Results: Eight eyes of four patients were included in the study. Six eyes had resolution of retinopathy, Incidence density 48 x 100 person years, 95 % CI = 17.6 - 100 with a median follow-up of 23.5 months, range 13-90 months. No ocular or systemic complications associated with the procedure was found. Conclusion: This cohort suggests that intravitreal injection of ranibizumab for ROP in refractory laser photocoagulation cases, results in apparent ocular preservation a long-term the outcome.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Retinopathy of Prematurity , Angiogenesis Inhibitors , Ranibizumab , Eye Abnormalities
16.
Rev. Col. Méd. Cir. Guatem ; 156(1): 39-42, 2017 jul. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-981651

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: La retinopatía del prematuro es una alteración proliferativa de los vasos sanguíneos de la retina. En Guatemala son pocos los datos que se tienen de la enfermedad; por lo que se realizó un estudio para caracterizar y determinar la prevalencia de retinopatía del prematuro en el Hospital Nacional de Chimaltenango. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, descriptivo, observacional; durante los meses de octubre de 2015 a septiembre de 2016 en el Hospital Nacional de Chimaltenango. Se examinaron 76 neonatos prematuros. Se incluyeron pacientes con peso al nacer 2000 gramos y/o edad gestacional 37 semanas. Resultados: 17 (22,36%) pacientes con retinopatía del prematuro, de los cuales 3 (3,95%) recibieron tratamiento. La edad gestacional promedio de los pacientes que desarrollaron enfermedad plus fue de 35,33 semanas (DS 1,15); con un peso promedio de 1861,67 gramos (DS 734,76). De los 76 neonatos evaluados 48,00% estaban fuera de lo recomendado para el tamizaje en Latinoamérica y de éstos el 18,00% presentaron RP, incluyendo uno de los casos que ameritó tratamiento. Conclusiones: La prevalencia es similar a otros estudios reportados en países en vías de desarrollo. Sin embargo, este estudio mostró la importancia de contar con datos propios de cada Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales; ya que se encontraron pacientes fuera de los parámetros recomendados para el tamizaje en Latinoamérica.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Small for Gestational Age , Prospective Studies , Guatemala/epidemiology
17.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol ; 92(10): 472-476, 2017 Oct.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28624314

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the anatomical and refractive outcomes after treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab or laser in a patient cohort with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODS: A multicentre, prospective, and observational study was performed on patients with ROP treated at Hospital Roberto del Río. Those patients with less than 6months of follow-up were excluded. Cases with posterior zone II, zone I ROP, and aggressive posterior ROP (AP-ROP) were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. All other patients were treated with laser. Follow-up was performed every 3 months, and included fondo evaluation, refraction, and Teller tests. RESULTS: The treated group included 144 eyes of 72 patients, of whom 49 were treated with laser and 23 with intravitreal bevacizumab. One (1.4%) patient from the laser group progressed to stage 4b retinal detachment and required bilateral vitrectomy. Of the remainder, 45 cases had type 1 ROP, 16 had threshold disease, and 11 had AP-ROP. The median of gestational age was 26 weeks (range 23-30), and median of birth weight was 800g (range 405-1350). Median follow-up was 10 months (range 6-8). The Teller test median was 3.2 cycles/cm (range 0.32-13). There were 16 (22%) cases with a myopic refraction of -6 D or more. The sphere median was -1.75 D (range -16.00 to +3.50 D) and the cylindrical median was 0.00 (range -4.5 to +1.5 D). Anatomical success was achieved in 71 (98.6%) of patients. CONCLUSION: Treatment with laser or intravitreal bevacizumab is a highly successful primary treatment for ROP. Anatomical success can be achieved in most cases. Treated patients develop frequent and severe refractive defects, which should be corrected. Vision outcome, measured using the Teller preferential test, shows good results.


Subject(s)
Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Bevacizumab/therapeutic use , Retinopathy of Prematurity/drug therapy , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Bevacizumab/administration & dosage , Female , Gestational Age , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Intravitreal Injections , Laser Coagulation , Male , Prospective Studies , Refractive Errors/etiology , Retinopathy of Prematurity/therapy , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity
18.
Cir Cir ; 85(6): 478-484, 2017.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28110900

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an eye disease caused by an alteration in retinal vasculogenesis that may lead to partial or complete vision loss with a harmful impact in terms of neurodevelopment. The purpose of the present study was to determine the neurodevelopment in patients with type i retinopathy of prematurity treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Case series. The inclusion criteria were: patients with type I ROP treated with a dose of 0.625mg/0.025ml of intravitreal bevacizumab. Demographic data and comorbidities were documented. Neurodevelopment was evaluated with the screening test of the Bayley Scale of Infant Development (BSID) in all patients between 11 and 28 weeks of age. RESULTS: Seven patients were included in the study. Four patients showed normal neurodevelopment according to the overall scores of the BSID scale. The distribution of high risk for neurodevelopmental delay in the different areas evaluated were as follows: 3 patients presented it in the cognitive area, one in the receptive communication area, one in the expressive area, one in the fine motor skills and 3 patients in the gross motor skills area. CONCLUSIONS: In these case series, the majority of patients treated with intravitreal bevacizumab for ROP showed normal neurodevelopment scores.


Subject(s)
Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Bevacizumab/therapeutic use , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/etiology , Retinopathy of Prematurity/drug therapy , Adult , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/adverse effects , Bevacizumab/administration & dosage , Bevacizumab/adverse effects , Cesarean Section , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Gestational Age , Humans , Hyperbilirubinemia/complications , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Intravitreal Injections , Male , Maternal Age , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/chemically induced , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/epidemiology , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/prevention & control , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology , Retinopathy of Prematurity/complications , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
19.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol ; 90(8): 373-8, 2015 Aug.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25817958

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the performance of RetCam vs. binocular ophthalmoscopy (BIO) in a screening program for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODS: Observational comparative study with prospective data collection. Examinations with RetCam (n=169) were performed on 83 infants included in a screening program for ROP and stored for analysis at a later stage. An experienced ophthalmologist examined the ocular fundus with binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy (BIO). The RetCam images were assessed for the presence of ROP, zone, grade, and presence of plus disease. RetCam and BIO data were compared by visually to estimate sensitivity, specificity, positive (VPP) and negative (VPN) predictive values. RESULTS: ROP disease was detected in 108 eyes with BIO, and in 74 with RetCam. Out of 306 eyes examined with RetCam, false negative results were found in 34 eyes, with no false positives. Sensitivity of RetCam exam vs. BIO was 0.68, and specificity was 0.99. Positive predictive value was 0.93 and negative predictive value was 0.85. All 34 ROP cases not detected with RetCam were in zone III or outer zone II. They were all mild and regressed spontaneously. No threshold ROP was missed with RetCam. CONCLUSION: Binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy is the reference method for the diagnosis of ROP. RetCam may be used as an alternative for ROP screening.


Subject(s)
Fundus Oculi , Mass Screening/methods , Ophthalmoscopy/methods , Photography/methods , Retinopathy of Prematurity/diagnostic imaging , Birth Weight , False Negative Reactions , Gestational Age , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Mass Screening/standards , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Retinopathy of Prematurity/diagnosis , Sensitivity and Specificity
20.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 87(1): 69-81, ene.-mar. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-740960

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: después de un parto pretérmino, múltiples factores pueden provocar, primero una detención, y luego un crecimiento anormal de los vasos de la retina, y producir la retinopatía del prematuro. OBJETIVO: caracterizar el patrón clínico epidemiológico de la retinopatía del prematuro en recién nacidos menores de 35 semanas de gestación y peso al nacer inferior o igual a 1 700 g. MÉTODOS: estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo de los nacidos con menos de 35 semanas de edad gestacional y peso inferior o igual a 1 700 g, en el período comprendido entre 2006 y 2011, ambos inclusive, en el Hospital General Universitario "Dr. Enrique Cabrera Cossío". Se analizaron como factores de riesgo asociados a la retinopatía del prematuro: la edad gestacional, el peso, el sexo, la apariencia racial, la oxigenoterapia, el método de administración del oxígeno, la sepsis, el distrés respiratorio, la administración de esteroides, las transfusiones de sangre, la apnea y la hemorragia intraventricular. Se utilizó el estadígrafo chi cuadrado para verificar la posible asociación entre las variables y la presencia de retinopatía. RESULTADOS: se incluyeron en el estudio 89 pacientes. Presentó retinopatía el 20,2 % de la muestra, y el 72,2 % de los que desarrollaron retinopatía nació antes de las 32 semanas de gestación; con mayor frecuencia el peso al nacer osciló entre 1 000 y 1 500 g, y predominó el sexo masculino. En los menores de 1 000 g el 66,6 % presentó retinopatía. El 88,2 % de los que desarrollaron retinopatía recibieron ventilación con presión positiva intermitente como método de la oxigenoterapia. Un paciente (5,6 %) no recibió oxígeno y desarrolló retinopatía. Las afecciones que más se presentaron relacionadas con la prematuridad fueron el síndrome de distrés respiratorio y las infecciones. CONCLUSIONES: los factores de riesgo asociados fueron la edad gestacional, la utilización de oxígeno, el número de días con oxigenoterapia, el método de administración de este y la presencia de 2 afecciones perinatales (distrés respiratorio e infecciones).


INTRODUCTION: after a preterm delivery, a number of factors may cause first detention and then abnormal growth of the retinal vessels and give rise to retinopathy of prematurity. OBJECTIVE: to characterize the clinical and epidemiological pattern of the retinopathy of prematurity in newborns aged less than 35 weeks of gestation and birthweight equal or under 1 700 g. METHODS: retrospective, observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of newborns with less than 35 weeks of gestational age and weighing 1 700g or less in the period of 2006 through 2011, including both years, at "Dr Enrique Cabrera Cossio" general university hospital. Risk factors associated to retinopathy of prematurity were analyzed such as gestational age, weight, sex, racial appearance, oxygen therapy, method of oxygen administration, sepsis, respiratory distress, steroid administration, blood transfusions, short of breath and intraventricle hemorrhage. Chi square statistic was used to verify the possible association between the variables and the presence of retinopathy. RESULTS: eighty nine patients were included in the study. Retinopathy affected 20.2 % of the sample and 72.2 % of those who developed retinopaty were born before 32 weeks of gestation; their birthweight frequently ranged from 1 000 to 1 500 g and boys predominated. In those neonates weighing less than 1 000 g, 66.6 % presented with retinopathy. In the group of neonates that developed retinopathy, 88.2 % were ventilated with intermittent positive pressure as method of oxygen therapy. One patient (5.6 %) did not receive oxygen and suffered retinopathy. The most frequent prematurity-related conditions were respiratory syndrome distress and infections. CONCLUSIONS: the risk factors were gestational age, oxygen supply, number of days with oxygen therapy, oxygen administration method and the existence of two perinatal conditions such as respiratory distress and infections.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Retinopathy of Prematurity/embryology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Observational Studies as Topic
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