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1.
Bol. pediatr ; 64(267): 44-50, 2024. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-232577

ABSTRACT

Las mucopolisacaridosis (MPS) son un grupo de trastornos metabólicos hereditarios incluidos en las enfermedades lisosomales o de depósito. Son de causa genética, debidas al defecto en algunas enzimas intralisosomales necesarias para el procesamiento de los glicosaminoglicanos (GAG). El defecto en la degradación de estas macromoléculas provoca su acúmulo en las células de diferentes órganos, causando lesiones irreversibles y progresivas si no se tratan. La mucopolisacaridosis II (MPS II) o síndrome de Hunter (EH) está producida por las ausencia o disminución de la enzima iduronato-2-sulfasa (I2S), con el consiguiente bloqueo en la degradación de los glucosaminoglucanos dermatán-sulfato y heparánsulfato en los lisosomas citoplasmáticos, que se acumulan en los distintos tejidos provocando una afectación multisistémica progresiva e incapacitante. Es importante que tanto los pediatras, como otros especialistas que tratan niños, sepan reconocer aquellos síntomas o signos de alarma, para derivar a estos pacientes a unidades especializadas y realizar un diagnóstico precoz y certero que intente frenar su deterioro físico y neurológico. En los últimos años, los tratamientos específicos de la enfermedad, tanto la terapia de reemplazo enzimático como el trasplante de células madre, han ayudado a abordar la deficiencia enzimática subyacente en pacientes con MPS II. Sin embargo, la naturaleza multisistémica de este trastorno y la irreversibilidad de algunas manifestaciones hacen que la mayoría de los pacientes requieran un apoyo constante de muchos especialistas.(AU)


Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a group of metabolic hereditary disorders included in the lysosomal diseases. They are genetic diseases caused by the defects in intralysosomal enzymes necessary for the processing of Glycosaminoglycans. (GAG). The defect in the degradation of these macromolecules causes accumulation in the cells of different organs with irreversible and progressive lesions when we don´t treat them. The mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS II) or Hunter’s Syndrome (EH) is caused by the absence or decrease of the enzyme iduronute-2-sulfatase (I2S), with the consequent blockage in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans, dermatan-sulfate and heparan sulfate, in cytoplasmic lysosomes, which accumulate in different tissues causing disabling progressive and multisystemic affectation. Pediatricians and other specialists, who treat children, must know to recognize those symptoms or signs of alarm and they must refer these patients to specialized units, and make early and accurate diagnoses to stop their physical and neurological deterioration. In the last years, specific treatments for the disease, enzyme replacement therapy, and stem cell transplantation have helped address the underlying enzyme deficiency in patients with MPS II. However, the multisystemic nature of this disorder and the irreversibility of some manifestations mean that most patients require constant support from many specialties.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Mucopolysaccharidoses/diagnosis , Mucopolysaccharidosis II/diagnosis , Mucopolysaccharidosis II/etiology , Enzyme Therapy , Pediatrics
2.
Rev. Asoc. Odontol. Argent ; 109(1): 34-40, ene.-abr. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1281050

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir las características bucales prevalentes de pacientes argentinos con mucopolisacaridosis (MPS) atendidos en el Servicio de Odontología del Hospital Nacional "Prof. Alejandro Posadas". Materiales y métodos: Se consideraron las historias clínicas de 19 pacientes con diagnóstico de MPS. Se registraron la edad, el sexo, el lugar de residencia, el tipo de MPS y la presencia de retraso madurativo. La muestra estuvo constituida por 13 niños (6,7±3 años) y 6 adultos (26±9 años): 2 eran mujeres (1 con MPS tipo I; 1 con MPS tipo IV A) y 17 eran hombres (15 con MPS tipo 2; 1 con MPS tipo 1; 1 con MPS tipo III); 13 de los pacientes presentaban discapacidad intelectual. Se evaluaron: tipo de dentición, oclusión, macroglosia, hipoplasias del esmalte, tipo de respiración predominante, clase molar y tratamiento realizado. Resultados: Ambos casos con MPS I presentaban mordida abierta anterior y giroversión dental, y solo uno de estos, diastemas, microdoncia, hipoplasias del esmalte, macroglosia y respiración bucal. De los 15 pacientes con MPS II, 11 presentaban mordida abierta anterior (73%), 3 mordida cruzada posterior (20%), 5 giroversión dental (33%), 11 diastemas (73%), 3 retraso en la erupción (20%), 4 hiperplasia gingival (26%), 13 macroglosia (87%), 7 hipoplasias del esmalte (47%), 2 microdoncia (13%), 9 respiración bucal (60%). Se registraron 5 pacientes con clase molar I (33%), 3 con clase molar II (20%), 3 con clase molar III (20%) y en 3 casos no se pudo evaluar (20%). En el paciente con MPS tipo III se halló mordida abierta anterior, diastemas, retraso en la erupción, macroglosia, respiración bucal y clase molar II; y en el caso de MPS tipo IV A, mordida abierta anterior, diastemas, hiperplasia gingival, macroglosia y clase molar II. El 90% de los pacientes requirió tratamiento odontológico (AU)


Aim: To identify the most prevalent oral manifestations of 19 Argentine patients with mucopolysaccharidos (MPS) attending the Dentistry Service of the National Posadas Hospital. Materials and methods: The medical records of 19 patients diagnosed with MPS were considered. Age, sex, place of residence, type of MPS, and presence of maturational delay were recorded. The sample consisted of 13 children (6.7 ± 3 years) and 6 adults (26 ± 9 years): 2 were women (1 with MPS type I; 1 with MPS type IV A) and 17 were men (15 with MPS type 2; 1 with MPS type 1; 1 with MPS type III); 13 of the patients had intellectual disabilities. The following were evaluated: type of dentition, occlusion, macroglossia, enamel hypoplasia, predominant type of respiration, molar class and treatment performed Results: Both cases with MPS I presented anterior open bite and dental gyroversion, and only one of these, diastemas, microdontia, enamel hypoplasia, macroglossia and mouth respiration. Of the 15 patients with MPS II, 11 presented anterior open bite (73%), 3 posterior crossbite (20%), 5 dental gyroversion (33%), 11 diastemas (73%), 3 delayed eruption (20%), 4 gingival hyperplasia (26%), 13 macroglossia (87%), 7 enamel hypoplasia (47%), 2 microdontia (13%), 9 mouth breathing (60%). 5 patients with molar class I (33%), 3 with molar class II (20%), 3 with molar class III (20%) and in 3 cases it could not be evaluated (20%). In the patient with type III MPS, anterior open bite, diastemas, delayed eruption, macroglossia, mouth breathing and molar class II were found; and in the case of type IV A MPS, anterior open bite, diastemas, gingival hyperplasia, macroglossia and molar class II. 90% of the patients required dental treatment. Conclusion: The most observed oral manifestations were macroglossia (84.2%) and anterior open bite (73%) (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Oral Manifestations , Mucopolysaccharidosis II/pathology , Mucopolysaccharidosis I/pathology , Mucopolysaccharidosis III/pathology , Argentina , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Open Bite/epidemiology , Dental Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Age and Sex Distribution , Macroglossia/epidemiology , Malocclusion/epidemiology
3.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 87(4): 295-304, ago. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-796820

ABSTRACT

Las mucopolisacaridosis (MPS) son un grupo de enfermedades raras (huérfanas), de baja prevalencia, caracterizadas por la deficiencia de enzimas que participan en el metabolismo de glucosaminglucanos (GAG) a nivel lisosomal. Se caracteriza por acumulación de GAG intracelular, produciendo alteraciones de múltiples órganos y sistemas. Su diagnóstico se basa en el conocimiento de las manifestaciones clínicas, realizar el análisis bioquímico para identificar el tipo de GAG que se está acumulando y confirmar el tipo de enfermedad con la determinación enzimática correspondiente. Su identificación es fundamental para iniciar un tratamiento oportuno, teniendo en cuenta que actualmente existe manejo transdisciplinario y tratamiento de reemplazo enzimático para MPS I (síndrome de Hurler), MPS II (síndrome de Hunter), MPS IV (síndrome de Morquio) y MPS VI (síndrome de Maroteaux-Lamy). En esta revisión se analizan cada uno de estos síndromes, su diagnóstico y tratamiento.


The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of rare (orphan) diseases, characterised by a deficiency of enzymes involved in the metabolism of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) at lysosomal level. When there is a deficiency of a particular enzyme there is an accumulation of GAGs in the cells resulting in progressive cellular damage, which can affect multiple organ systems and lead to organ failure. Diagnosis is based on knowledge of the clinical manifestations, performing biochemical analyses to identify the type of GAG that is accumulating, and confirm the type of disorder with the corresponding enzymatic determination. Their identification is essential to initiate early treatment, taking into account that multidisciplinary management and enzyme replacement therapy is available for MPS I (Hurler syndrome), MPS II (Hunter syndrome), MPS IV (Morquio syndrome), and MPS VI (Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome. In this review, an analysis is made of each of these syndromes, as well as their diagnosis and treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Mucopolysaccharidoses/physiopathology , Enzyme Replacement Therapy/methods , Glycosaminoglycans/metabolism , Mucopolysaccharidoses/diagnosis , Mucopolysaccharidoses/therapy
4.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 45(1): 79-84, ene.-mar. 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-844975

ABSTRACT

Se realiza una presentación de un caso interesante, no comúnmente visto en la práctica médica, de unos de los tipos de mucopolisacaridosis, específicamente de un síndrome de Hunter. Se hace esta presentación con el objetivo de dar a conocer a estudiantes y profesionales de la salud, mediante fotos, las características físicas del paciente con dicho sídrome, quien llegó desnutrido al hospital; se le operó de la hernia umbilical y se mejoró su estado nutricional al compensarse su hepatopatía. Se le da el alta médica en mejores condiciones(AU)


We present here an interesting case of mucopolysaccharidoses, which is not commonly seen in medical practice, specifically a Hunter syndrome. This presentation is done in order to make known to students and health professionals, through photos, the physical characteristics of the patient with such syndrome. This patient arrived malnourished at the hospital, he was operated on the umbilical hernia and improved his nutritional status by compensating for his liver disease. This patient had medical discharge in better conditions(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Mucopolysaccharidoses/diagnosis , Malnutrition/epidemiology , Hernia, Umbilical/surgery , Liver Diseases/etiology
5.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 45(1)ene.-mar. 2016.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-68505

ABSTRACT

Se realiza una presentación de un caso interesante, no comúnmente visto en la práctica médica, de unos de los tipos de mucopolisacaridosis, específicamente de un síndrome de Hunter. Se hace esta presentación con el objetivo de dar a conocer a estudiantes y profesionales de la salud, mediante fotos, las características físicas del paciente con dicho sídrome, quien llegó desnutrido al hospital; se le operó de la hernia umbilical y se mejoró su estado nutricional al compensarse su hepatopatía. Se le da el alta médica en mejores condiciones(AU)


We present here an interesting case of mucopolysaccharidoses, which is not commonly seen in medical practice, specifically a Hunter syndrome. This presentation is done in order to make known to students and health professionals, through photos, the physical characteristics of the patient with such syndrome. This patient arrived malnourished at the hospital, he was operated on the umbilical hernia and improved his nutritional status by compensating for his liver disease. This patient had medical discharge in better conditions(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Mucopolysaccharidoses/complications , Mucopolysaccharidoses/surgery , Mucopolysaccharidoses/therapy , Mucopolysaccharidosis II/complications , Mucopolysaccharidosis I/complications , Mucopolysaccharidosis III/complications
6.
Rev Chil Pediatr ; 87(4): 295-304, 2016.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26613630

ABSTRACT

The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of rare (orphan) diseases, characterised by a deficiency of enzymes involved in the metabolism of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) at lysosomal level. When there is a deficiency of a particular enzyme there is an accumulation of GAGs in the cells resulting in progressive cellular damage, which can affect multiple organ systems and lead to organ failure. Diagnosis is based on knowledge of the clinical manifestations, performing biochemical analyses to identify the type of GAG that is accumulating, and confirm the type of disorder with the corresponding enzymatic determination. Their identification is essential to initiate early treatment, taking into account that multidisciplinary management and enzyme replacement therapy is available for MPS I (Hurler syndrome), MPS II (Hunter syndrome), MPS IV (Morquio syndrome), and MPS VI (Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome. In this review, an analysis is made of each of these syndromes, as well as their diagnosis and treatment.


Subject(s)
Enzyme Replacement Therapy/methods , Glycosaminoglycans/metabolism , Mucopolysaccharidoses/physiopathology , Animals , Humans , Mucopolysaccharidoses/diagnosis , Mucopolysaccharidoses/therapy
7.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 145(9): 392-8, 2015 Nov 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26360015

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Since enzyme replacement treatment (ERT) with idursulfase is available for Hunter syndrome (HS; mucopolysaccharidosis type II), for the first time, disease progression can be limited and organ damage reduced or prevented. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We described retrospectively the clinical evolution of eight HS males, treated with ERT and followed in routine clinical practice in Hospital Infantil La Fe (Valencia, Spain). RESULTS: We studied three children, three adolescents and two adults. Time from diagnosis to ERT ranged from 13.7 to 0.2 years, and duration of ERT ranged from 24 to 77.1 months. From the start of ERT, weight and height increased in children and adolescents and remained stable in adults. Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) decreased in all patients; in patient 5 (aged 23 years), we observed the highest reduction (86%) with recovery of carpal tunnel syndrome, splenomegaly and a decrease in nocturnal oxygen dependence. CONCLUSION: Our results show that ERT improve respiratory impairment and organomegalies and decrease GAGs levels in all patients including children, adolescent and adults. While cardiac manifestations and facial features stabilized, responses in other parameters were heterogeneous.


Subject(s)
Enzyme Replacement Therapy , Iduronate Sulfatase/therapeutic use , Mucopolysaccharidosis II/drug therapy , Adolescent , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/drug therapy , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/etiology , Child , Facies , Glycosaminoglycans/urine , Hepatomegaly/drug therapy , Hepatomegaly/etiology , Humans , Male , Mucopolysaccharidosis II/complications , Mucopolysaccharidosis II/pathology , Mucopolysaccharidosis II/urine , Quality of Life , Respiration Disorders/drug therapy , Respiration Disorders/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Splenomegaly/drug therapy , Splenomegaly/etiology , Symptom Assessment , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
8.
Acta méd. costarric ; 56(4): 180-182, oct.-dic. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-729666

ABSTRACT

La mucopolisacaridosis tipo II es una enfermedad lisosomal producida por la deficiencia de la enzima iduronato 2 sulfatasa. Es una condición infrecuente de herencia recesiva ligada al X, que puede producir importante discapacidad progresiva. El análisis molecular es una técnica útil en la confirmación diagnóstica, que además permite detección de portadores asintomáticos, brindando la oportunidad de asesoría genética. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con mucopolisacaridosis tipo II, en quien se documentó una nueva mutación patogénica en el Gen IDS.


Mucopolysaccharidosis type II is a lisosomal disorder caused by a deficiency of the iduronate 2 sulphatase enzyme. It is a rare metabolic disease with an X linked recessive inheritance that may cause important progressive disability. Molecular analysis is a useful technique to confirm diagnosis and to identify asymptomatic carriers, thus allowing genetic counseling. We report the case of a patient with Muchopolysacharidosis type II with a new pathogenic mutation in the IDS gene.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child, Preschool , Mucopolysaccharidoses
10.
Medisan ; 17(8)ago. 2013.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-54681

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Hunter o mucopolisacaridosis de tipo II es un trastorno metabólico de los mucopolisacáridos, causado por la carencia de la enzima lisosomal iduronato-sulfatasa, que determina serias manifestaciones clínicas, daño multisistémico y muerte prematura. Debido a su carácter hereditario, los pacientes con esta afección deben ser asesorados; por tanto, se realiza una propuesta de asesoramiento genético dirigida a parejas y familias con riesgo de tener descendencia afectada por dicho cuadro morboso, para lo cual se tuvieron en cuenta los componentes básicos de este proceso, tales como: diagnóstico, estimación del riesgo, comunicación y soporte o basamento; además, se respetaron los principios éticos establecidos. Asimismo, se efectuó una revisión exhaustiva y actualizada sobre la enfermedad y se elaboró una hoja informativa con los aspectos a considerar, a fin de lograr una comprensión adecuada por las parejas y las familias afectadas(AU)


Hunter syndrome or mucopolysaccharidosis Type II is an inborn error of mucopolyssacharide metabolism, caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme iduronate-sulfatase, which determines serious clinical manifestations, multisystem damage and premature death. Due to its hereditary character, patients with this condition should be advised; therefore, a proposal of genetic counseling directed to couples and families at risk of having children with this condition was made, for which the basic components of this process such as diagnosis, risk estimation, communication and support or foundation were taken into account; also, the established ethical principles were respected. Likewise, a comprehensive and updated review on the disease was conducted and a fact sheet was developed with those aspects to be considered, in order to achieve a proper understanding by couples and families affected(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Genetic Counseling , Mucopolysaccharidosis II , Metabolism, Inborn Errors
11.
Rev med isla juventud ; 13(1)2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-66200

ABSTRACT

Se realiza la presentación de un caso interesante de unos de los tipos de mucopolisacaridosis, específicamente de un Síndrome de Hunter. El paciente acude a consulta desnutrido, es originario de una etnia de la Amazonía venezolana llamada Yanomami, en Puerto Ayacucho. El paciente fue intervenido quirúrgicamente de la hernia umbilical que tenía, se mejoró su estado nutricional y se compensó su hepatopatía, se le da el alta médica en mejores condiciones. Se hace esta presentación con el objetivo de dar a conocer a estudiantes y profesionales de la salud mediante fotos que ilustran las características físicas de un paciente con Síndrome de Hunter, además por ser un caso poco visto en la práctica médica(AU)


It makes the presentation of an interesting case of some of the types of mucopolysaccharidoses, specifically a Hunter syndrome. The patient comes to see malnourished, is from an ethnic group of the Venezuelan Amazon Yanomami call in Puerto Ayacucho. The patient underwent surgery for an umbilical hernia that had, improved nutritional status, and offset your liver, you are given a medical discharge in better condition. This presentation is made in order to inform students and health professionals with photos that illustrate the physical characteristics of a patient with Hunter syndrome, also to be a rare event seen in medical practice.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Mucopolysaccharidoses , Mucopolysaccharidosis II , General Surgery
12.
Rev. cientif. cienc. med ; 14(1): 40-42, 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-738024

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Hunter, es una alteración genética que afecta principalmente a los varones, debido a la deficiencia o ausencia de la enzima iduronato-2-sulfatasa, que interfiere con la capacidad del cuerpo de descomponer y reciclar los mucopolisacáridos. La incidencia es de 1: 10.000 a 1:25.000 de recién nacidos vivos. Las manifestaciones físicas, incluyen rasgos faciales distintivos, cabeza grande, abdomen aumentado, engrosamiento de válvulas cardíacas, enfermedad respiratoria obstructiva, retraso del desarrollo mental y aumento de tamaño del hígado y del bazo. Presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente de sexo masculino de 7 años de edad, con diagnostico de síndrome de Hunter hace seis años, con antecedentes de crisis convulsivas en dos oportunidades y cuadros de bronconeumonía. Al examen físico presenta fascie tosca, contractura en musculo bíceps braquial, se logra la extensión de las manos, camina con la punta de los pies y presenta hepato y esplenomegalia. Al cual se le trató la sintomatología respiratoria con el uso de antibióticos.


Hunter Syndrome, is a genetic disorder that primarily affects males, due to the deficiency or absence of the enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase, which interferes with the ability of the body break down and recyele mucopolysaccharides. The incidence is 1: 10.000 to 1:25.000 babies alive. The physical manifestations includes distinctive facial features, large head, abdomen increased thickening of heart valves, obstructive respiratory illness, delayed mental development and enlarged liver and spleen. We present the clinical case of a 7-year-old male patient with diagnosis of Hunter Syndrome six years ago, with a history of seizures in two occasions and schedules of bronchopneumonia. A physical examination presents rough fascie, brachial bicep muscle contracture, is achieved by the extension of the hands, walks with the tip of toes and presents hepato and splenomegaly. Which we treated respiratory symptoms with the use of antibiotics.

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