ABSTRACT
In order to assess the metal pollution in the southwestern Atlantic coast, levels of eleven metals: Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, and Zn and one metalloid: As in water and tissues of Odontesthes argentinensis from the Samborombón Bay (SB) and Partido de La Costa (PC) were examined. Additionally, bioconcentration, and bioaccumulation factors, estimated daily intake (EDI) for adults and children, and the hazard risk for fishermen and general populations were evaluated. Cadmium, Cu and Zn levels in the water samples exceeded the limits established by international guidelines for the protection of aquatic life in marine environments (CCME). The liver showed the highest concentrations of As, Cu, Fe, and Zn, while muscle showed the least levels of all elements examined. Bioaccumulation of Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn were observed in all tissues, while Ba and Sr bioaccumulated significantly in the gills. The fish δ15N values significantly varied between sites, however, no biodilution or biomagnification was observed. The Target Hazard Quotients (THQ) and the Carcinogenic Risk (CR) indices suggest that there is no human health risk to the fishermen and general populations from the O. argentinensis consumption. Furthermore, As (27%) and Cr (33%) concentrations in silversides from PC and SB, respectively, exceeded the levels recommended by local and international guidelines.
Subject(s)
Metals, Heavy , Water Pollutants, Chemical , Animals , Child , Humans , Bioaccumulation , Cadmium/toxicity , Lead , Environmental Monitoring , Fishes , Risk Assessment , Water , Metals, Heavy/toxicity , Metals, Heavy/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysisABSTRACT
The objective of this work was determinate the diversity and abundance of benthic foraminifers from recent sediments of Channel 15, Samborombón Bay (35º57´-35º58´S and 57º25´-57º22´W). From this analysis, we identified 31 species grouped within 17 genera. The assemblages were composed mainly of hyaline and agglutinated forms characterized by Elphidium aff. poeyanum, Elphidium gunteri, Ammonia parkinsoniana, Arenoparella mexicana and Trochammina inflata, reflecting an environment of marsh or floodplain. The foraminifer's tests were generally well preserved, with morphologies that indicate predominantly epifauna and epifauna-infauna. The present work shows that despite having a general fauna characteristic of these environments, there are small microenvironments that are characterized by the state of preservation, diversity and abundance of the found specimens. In that context, three associations were recognized; A, dominated by Astrononion sp.1 that was registered in the central part of the channel; association B, characterized mainly by E. aff. poeyanum that was founded in the internal and external areas of the channel and association C, characterized by a considerable increase of mentioned agglutinated species (close to 50%) registered in the center of the channel. This study represents one of the first contributions on the distribution of foraminifera and their ecological characteristics from recent sediments in Samborombón Bay.
Subject(s)
Foraminifera , Animals , Argentina , Environmental Monitoring , Geologic Sediments , WetlandsABSTRACT
Jenynsia multidentata Jenyns, 1842 (one-sided livebearers) are euryhaline viviparous fish of small size, used in the laboratory experiment, important as resource for biological control of mosquitos larva and a key species to recover eutrophic lakes. Works have been published dealing with parasite biodiversity of this host, but little has been studied about the parasite community ecology. From early 2009 to ends of 2010 specimens of J. multidentata were collected from two places, the Salado Relief Channel (S.R.C.) on Samborombón Bay and the Sauce Chico River near to the city of Bahia Blanca (B.B.). All fish were sexed, measured and grouped into sizes/age classes. The fishes from both sites harbored 16 parasitic species: nine digenean, one monogenean, one metacestode, one acanthocephalan, two nematode and two copepods. Lecithaster confusus Odhner, 1905, the metacercariae Hemiuridae gen. sp. indet., metacercariae Thylodelphys sp. (inside the eye), Glossocercus sp. nematode L4 (intestine) and Ergasilus sieboldiiNordmann, 1832 are new records for the host. The high number of larval stages made of this fish a link between micro and macroecosystems. The size 2 had the higher biodiversity in both sites, which could be the most suitable age to store the maximal number of parasite of the environment and have a more equitability in their distribution on the host. In B.B. some parasites had higher prevalence and mean abun dance due to the small size of the waterbody compared with the S.R.C. Despite that, in S.R.C. exist a higher specific richness and biodiversity due the daily flow of saline and freshwater and proximity of the sample site to the mouth of the channel in the bay. This is the first approximation to an analysis of the parasitic ecology on this host.
Jenynsia multidentata Jenyns, 1842 (madrecitas) son peces viviparous, eurihalinos de pequeño tamaño usados en experimientos de laboratorio, como un recurso importante para el control biológico de larvas de mosquito y una especie clave para recuperar lagos eutrofizados. Han sido publicados varios trabajos acerca de la biodiversidad parasitaria de este pez pero poco es conocido acerca de la ecologia de la comunidad parasitaria de este hospedador. pero poco se conoce acerca de su ecología parasitaria. Durante los meses de primavera y verano en el 2009 y 2010, especímenes de J. multidentata se colectaron del Canal Colector del Salado (S.R.C.) en la Bahía de Samborombón y del Rio Sauce Chico cercano a la ciudad de Bahía Blanca (B.B.), fueron sexados, medidos y agrupados en clases según su tamaño/edad. Los peces de los dos sitios albergaron 16 especies de parásitos: nueve digeneos, un monogeneo, un cestodo, un acantocéfalo, dos nematodos y dos copépodos. Lecithaster confusus Odhner, 1905, la metacercaria Hemiuridae gen. sp. indet., metacercaria Thylodelphys sp. (en el ojo), Glossocercus sp. nematode L4 (intestino) y de Ergasilus sieboldii Nordmann, 1832 son nuevas citas para el hospedador. El gran número de estadios larvales hacen de este pez un nexo entre micro y macroecosistemas. La talla 2 tuvo una mayor biodiversidad en ambos sitios, la cual puede ser la edad más apropiada para recolectar el máximo número de parásitos del ambiente y tener una distribución dentro del hospedador de mayor equitabilidad. En B.B. algunos parasitos tuvieron mayor prevalencia y abundancia media debido al menor tamaño del cuerpo de agua comparado con S.R.C. A pesar de esto, en S.R.C. existe una mayor riqueza específica y biodiversidad debido al flujo diario de agua dulce y salina y a la proximidad del sitio de muestreo a la desembocadura del canal en la Bahía. El gran número de parásitos en los machos puede deberse a un cambio en el uso de la energía que se focaliza en la [...]
Subject(s)
Animals , Biodiversity , Parasitology , Bayes Theorem , Argentina , BaysABSTRACT
RESUMEN Jenynsia multidentata Jenyns, 1842 (madrecitas) son peces viviparous, eurihalinos de pequeño tamaño usados en experimientos de laboratorio, como un recurso importante para el control biológico de larvas de mosquito y una especie clave para recuperar lagos eutrofizados. Han sido publicados varios trabajos acerca de la biodiversidad parasitaria de este pez pero poco es conocido acerca de la ecologia de la comunidad parasitaria de este hospedador. pero poco se conoce acerca de su ecología parasitaria. Durante los meses de primavera y verano en el 2009 y 2010, especímenes de J. multidentata se colectaron del Canal Colector del Salado (S.R.C.) en la Bahía de Samborombón y del Rio Sauce Chico cercano a la ciudad de Bahía Blanca (B.B.), fueron sexados, medidos y agrupados en clases según su tamaño/edad. Los peces de los dos sitios albergaron 16 especies de parásitos: nueve digeneos, un monogeneo, un cestodo, un acantocéfalo, dos nematodos y dos copépodos. Lecithaster confusus Odhner, 1905, la metacercaria Hemiuridae gen. sp. indet., metacercaria Thylodelphys sp. (en el ojo), Glossocercus sp. nematode L4 (intestino) y de Ergasilus sieboldii Nordmann, 1832 son nuevas citas para el hospedador. El gran número de estadios larvales hacen de este pez un nexo entre micro y macroecosistemas. La talla 2 tuvo una mayor biodiversidad en ambos sitios, la cual puede ser la edad más apropiada para recolectar el máximo número de parásitos del ambiente y tener una distribución dentro del hospedador de mayor equitabilidad. En B.B. algunos parasitos tuvieron mayor prevalencia y abundancia media debido al menor tamaño del cuerpo de agua comparado con S.R.C. A pesar de esto, en S.R.C. existe una mayor riqueza específica y biodiversidad debido al flujo diario de agua dulce y salina y a la proximidad del sitio de muestreo a la desembocadura del canal en la Bahía. El gran número de parásitos en los machos puede deberse a un cambio en el uso de la energía que se focaliza en la reproducción. Esta es la primera aproximación a un análisis de la ecología parasitaria de este hospedador y, como resultado, podemos ver algún tipo de influencia del mismo que no debe ser ignorado y debería ser estudiado en el futuro considerando cada parasito como la interrelación entre ellos y el hospedador.
ABSTRACT Jenynsia multidentata Jenyns, 1842 (one-sided livebearers) are euryhaline viviparous fish of small size, used in the laboratory experiment, important as resource for biological control of mosquitos larva and a key species to recover eutrophic lakes. Works have been published dealing with parasite biodiversity of this host, but little has been studied about the parasite community ecology. From early 2009 to ends of 2010 specimens of J. multidentata were collected from two places, the Salado Relief Channel (S.R.C.) on Samborombón Bay and the Sauce Chico River near to the city of Bahia Blanca (B.B.). All fish were sexed, measured and grouped into sizes/age classes. The fishes from both sites harbored 16 parasitic species: nine digenean, one monogenean, one metacestode, one acanthocephalan, two nematode and two copepods. Lecithaster confusus Odhner, 1905, the metacercariae Hemiuridae gen. sp. indet., metacercariae Thylodelphys sp. (inside the eye), Glossocercus sp. nematode L4 (intestine) and Ergasilus sieboldii Nordmann, 1832 are new records for the host. The high number of larval stages made of this fish a link between micro and macroecosystems. The size 2 had the higher biodiversity in both sites, which could be the most suitable age to store the maximal number of parasite of the environment and have a more equitability in their distribution on the host. In B.B. some parasites had higher prevalence and mean abun dance due to the small size of the waterbody compared with the S.R.C. Despite that, in S.R.C. exist a higher specific richness and biodiversity due the daily flow of saline and freshwater and proximity of the sample site to the mouth of the channel in the bay. This is the first approximation to an analysis of the parasitic ecology on this host.
ABSTRACT
Jenynsia multidentata Jenyns, 1842 (one-sided livebearers) are euryhaline viviparous fish of small size, used in the laboratory experiment, important as resource for biological control of mosquitos larva and a key species to recover eutrophic lakes. Works have been published dealing with parasite biodiversity of this host, but little has been studied about the parasite community ecology. From early 2009 to ends of 2010 specimens of J. multidentata were collected from two places, the Salado Relief Channel (S.R.C.) on Samborombón Bay and the Sauce Chico River near to the city of Bahia Blanca (B.B.). All fish were sexed, measured and grouped into sizes/age classes. The fishes from both sites harbored 16 parasitic species: nine digenean, one monogenean, one metacestode, one acanthocephalan, two nematode and two copepods. Lecithaster confusus Odhner, 1905, the metacercariae Hemiuridae gen. sp. indet., metacercariae Thylodelphys sp. (inside the eye), Glossocercus sp. nematode L4 (intestine) and Ergasilus sieboldiiNordmann, 1832 are new records for the host. The high number of larval stages made of this fish a link between micro and macroecosystems. The size 2 had the higher biodiversity in both sites, which could be the most suitable age to store the maximal number of parasite of the environment and have a more equitability in their distribution on the host. In B.B. some parasites had higher prevalence and mean abun dance due to the small size of the waterbody compared with the S.R.C. Despite that, in S.R.C. exist a higher specific richness and biodiversity due the daily flow of saline and freshwater and proximity of the sample site to the mouth of the channel in the bay. This is the first approximation to an analysis of the parasitic ecology on this host.(AU)
Jenynsia multidentata Jenyns, 1842 (madrecitas) son peces viviparous, eurihalinos de pequeño tamaño usados en experimientos de laboratorio, como un recurso importante para el control biológico de larvas de mosquito y una especie clave para recuperar lagos eutrofizados. Han sido publicados varios trabajos acerca de la biodiversidad parasitaria de este pez pero poco es conocido acerca de la ecologia de la comunidad parasitaria de este hospedador. pero poco se conoce acerca de su ecología parasitaria. Durante los meses de primavera y verano en el 2009 y 2010, especímenes de J. multidentata se colectaron del Canal Colector del Salado (S.R.C.) en la Bahía de Samborombón y del Rio Sauce Chico cercano a la ciudad de Bahía Blanca (B.B.), fueron sexados, medidos y agrupados en clases según su tamaño/edad. Los peces de los dos sitios albergaron 16 especies de parásitos: nueve digeneos, un monogeneo, un cestodo, un acantocéfalo, dos nematodos y dos copépodos. Lecithaster confusus Odhner, 1905, la metacercaria Hemiuridae gen. sp. indet., metacercaria Thylodelphys sp. (en el ojo), Glossocercus sp. nematode L4 (intestino) y de Ergasilus sieboldii Nordmann, 1832 son nuevas citas para el hospedador. El gran número de estadios larvales hacen de este pez un nexo entre micro y macroecosistemas. La talla 2 tuvo una mayor biodiversidad en ambos sitios, la cual puede ser la edad más apropiada para recolectar el máximo número de parásitos del ambiente y tener una distribución dentro del hospedador de mayor equitabilidad. En B.B. algunos parasitos tuvieron mayor prevalencia y abundancia media debido al menor tamaño del cuerpo de agua comparado con S.R.C. A pesar de esto, en S.R.C. existe una mayor riqueza específica y biodiversidad debido al flujo diario de agua dulce y salina y a la proximidad del sitio de muestreo a la desembocadura del canal en la Bahía. El gran número de parásitos en los machos puede deberse a un cambio en el uso de la energía que se focaliza en la [...](AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Bayes Theorem , Biodiversity , /classification , Parasitology , Bays , ArgentinaABSTRACT
The formation of evaporites associated with the final stages of the precipitation sequence, such as the case of halite, is frequent in marshes in arid areas, but it is not to be expected in those humid climates. This work, by means of the study of the hydrological, climatic and land use conditions, identifies the factors that allow the formation of saline precipitations in a marsh located in a humid climate area. The results obtained show that the exclusion of the marsh as a result of the embankment is the main reason for the presence of halite. It is to be expected that in the future the growth of the embanked marsh areas, together with the climatic and tidal condition tendencies recorded, will favour a higher rate of formation of evaporite salts. The identification of these factors makes it possible to set basic sustainable management guidelines to avoid soil salinisation.