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1.
J Asthma ; 51(10): 1022-7, 2014 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24975567

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether endemic areas for helminth infections in Brazil have lower rates of hospital admission due to asthma and whether reduction in helminth endemicity impacts on asthma morbidity. METHODS: This was a country-wide ecological study in Brazil. Government databases were the source of information. A cross-sectional analysis accessed the risk of a municipality having high rates of hospital admissions due to asthma according to its records of hospital admissions due to Schistossoma mansoni or intestinal helminth infections. A longitudinal analysis accessed the effect of prevention of helminth infection on asthma morbidity. Data were adjusted for the rates of hospital admissions due to influenza, pneumonia, diarrhea, per capita income, Gini index, number of physicians, proportion of literate inhabitants, urbanization and hospital beds. RESULTS: Hospitalization rates due to asthma in the age range of 5-24 years were lower in municipalities endemic for S. mansoni [adjusted OR: 0.992, CI: 0.989-0.994] or for intestinal helminth infections [adjusted OR: 0.994, CI: 0.990-0.997]. Similar results were observed for the age range of 25-64 years. In the longitudinal analysis, municipalities that reduced hospitalizations due to S. mansoni had smaller odds to decrease hospital admissions due to asthma among young populations [adjusted OR: 0.43, CI: 0.22-0.82]. CONCLUSION: We conclude that populations exposed to helminths have lower asthma morbidity. Reduction of helminth infection prevalence in low-income populations was associated with a smaller decline in asthma morbidity.


Subject(s)
Asthma/epidemiology , Helminthiasis/epidemiology , Adult , Animals , Asthma/parasitology , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Helminthiasis/parasitology , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Regression Analysis , Socioeconomic Factors , Young Adult
2.
Rev. patol. trop ; 40(1): 85-88, jan.-mar. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-592376

ABSTRACT

A esquistossomose mansônica é uma doença infecciosa parasitária, causada por um trematódeo (Schistosoma mansoni) que vive na corrente sanguínea do hospedeiro definitivo, cuja evolução clínica pode variar desde formas assintomáticas até as extremamente graves. O presente relato teve como objetivo fazer o registro de um caso de esquistossomose em um indivíduo aparentemente sadio que, por razões de seu trabalho, circula continuamente por áreas endêmicas e por diversos municípios do estado de Goiás, região não endêmica, comprovando, assim, o papel das migrações na disseminação desta parasitose.


Schistosomiasis mansoni is a parasitic infectious disease caused by a trematode (Schistosoma mansoni) that lives in the bloodstream of their definitive host, whose clinical course can vary from asymptomatic to extremely serious involvement. Thisreport aims to register a case of schistosomiasis in an individual, apparently healthy, for a labor that constantly circulates between endemic areas and in several counties in the state of Goias, a non-endemic region, thus demonstrating the role of migrationon the spread of this disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Biomphalaria , Schistosomiasis/diagnosis , Schistosomiasis/epidemiology , Sanitation , Schistosoma mansoni/parasitology , Brazil/epidemiology , Rural Areas
3.
São Paulo; s.n; 2011. 146 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IBPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IBACERVO | ID: biblio-1079167

ABSTRACT

A esquistossomose é uma doença importante em saúde pública. Dos genes selecionados como diferencialmente expressos em esquistossômulos a partir do transcriptoma do S. mansoni, 56% foram confirmados por RT-PCR em tempo real. Entre eles, a proteína Ly6.5, está presente no tegumento de esquistossômulos e vermes adultos por âncoras de GPI. Não foi detectada a função de inibir o sistema complemento, mas pode estar envolvido na manutenção do tegumento. O gene SmVal7 revelou transcritos nas glândulas esofágicas de vermes adultos por hibridização in situ, enquanto a localização da proteína não está definida. Anexina está associada ao tegumento de esquistossômulos e vermes adultos, de maneira dependente de cálcio. A supressão do gene por RNAi não resultou em alteração fenotípica significativa em esquistossômulos in vitro. Foi observada atividade parcial de inibição de coagulação e potencial atividade de endocitose de anticorpos ligados à superfície. A imunização com rLy6.5, rSmVal7, rAneI-II ou rAneII-III não levou a redução da carga parasitária após desafio.


Schistosomiasis is an important disease in public health. Genes selected from the S. mansoni transcriptome, 56% of them were confirmed as differentially expressed in schistosomula by real time RT-PCR. Among them, the protein Ly6.5 is present in the tegument of schistosomula and adult worms by GPI anchors. The function of inhibiting the complement system was not detected, but it may be involved in maintenance of the tegument. The gene SmVal7 revealed transcripts in the esophageal glands of adult worms by in situ hybridization, while the localization of the protein is not defined. Annexin is associated with the membranes of the schistosomula and adult worms tegument in a calcium-dependent manner. The suppression of the gene by RNAi did not resulted in a significant phenotypic change in schistosomula in vitro. Parcial inhibition of the coagulation activity and potential function of endocytosis of membrane-bound antibodies were observed. Immunization with the rLy6.5, rSmVal7, rAneI or rAneII-II-III did not show reduction in worm burden recovery after challenge.


Subject(s)
Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology , Gene Expression/genetics , Gene Expression/immunology , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Suppression, Genetic/genetics , Suppression, Genetic/immunology
4.
São Paulo; s.n; 2011. 140 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IBPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IBACERVO | ID: biblio-1079168

ABSTRACT

A esquitossomose representa um grande problema em saúde pública, embora negligenciada pelas grandes empresas farmaceuticas. Três genes foram selecionados a partir do transcriptoma do S. mansoni pela possibilidade de estarem presentes na interface parasita-hospedeiro e portanto pelo potencial de serem usados como vacinas. Foi feita uma caracterização molecular destas proteínas no parasita e uma avaliação preliminar dopotencial protetor no modelo murino...


Schistossomiasis is an important disease in public health but neglected by most of the pharmaceutical companies. Three genes were selected from S. mansoni transcriptome to be investigated at the host-parasite interface with furter potential to be used as vaccines. A biological characterization was performed with these three proteins and a preliminary their immunoprotective potential...


Subject(s)
Mice , Schistosomiasis mansoni/genetics , Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/drug therapy , Schistosoma mansoni/genetics , Schistosoma mansoni/immunology , Schistosoma mansoni/metabolism , Vaccines/immunology , Vaccines/therapeutic use , Recombinant Proteins/analysis , Recombinant Proteins/genetics
5.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 86(6): 493-496, nov.-dez. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-572460

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência da parasitose intestinal em crianças indígenas de 2 a 9 anos. MÉTODOS: Para a realização do exame protoparasitológico, foram convidadas todas as crianças de 2 a 9 anos, de seis aldeias localizadas no Médio e Baixo Xingu: Pavuru, Moygu, Tuiararé, Diauarum, Capivara e Ngojwere. Para a conservação das amostras de fezes, foi utilizado o kit coletor Paratest® (Diagnostek, Brasil). As amostras foram transportadas para São Paulo. A pesquisa de helmintos e protozoários foi feita através do método de Hoffman, com posterior pesquisa de ovos e cistos por microscopia óptica. Foram feitas duas coletas com intervalo de 1 ano. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença significativa entre as idades médias das crianças provenientes das seis aldeias. Resultaram positivas para a presença de parasitas, 97,5 por cento (198/202) e 96,1 por cento (98/102) na primeira e segunda coletas, respectivamente, sem associação estatística entre a idade. Realizaram o exame parasitológico de fezes nos 2 anos, 89/102 (87,3 por cento). Após 1 ano, não houve diferença na proporção de pacientes infestados por protozoários (93,3 por cento em 2007 contra 93,3 por cento em 2008, McNemar = 0,01, p = 0, 1) ou por helmintos (37,1 por cento em 2007 contra 38,2 por cento em 2008, McNemar = 0,03, p = 0,85). Houve diferença significativa quanto à prevalência de Entamoeba coli em 2007 (43,8 por cento) e 2008 (61,8 por cento) (McNemar's Chi 6,1; p = 0,0135). Não houve diferenças significativas quanto aos outros parasitas após comparação dos dois resultados. CONCLUSÃO: A alta prevalência de parasitose intestinal foi compatível com o alto índice de contaminação ambiental dessa comunidade.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasitoses in Native Brazilian children from 2 to 9 years old. METHODS: A search for ova and parasites was conducted in the stools of children between 2 to 9 years old living in six indigenous villages located in the Middle and Lower Xingu River, to wit: Pavuru, Moygu, Tuiararé, Diauarum, Capivara, and Ngojwere. The study utilized the Paratest kit® (Diagnostek, Brazil) to preserve collected stools. Fecal samples were shipped to the Laboratory of the Pediatric Gastroenterology Division of the UNIFESP/EPM, in São Paulo, for analysis. The search for ova and parasites was performed utilizing the Hoffman method, and later through optical microscopic evaluation. Fecal samples were collected one year apart from each other. RESULTS: There were no significant statistical differences between the mean ages of the children from the six indigenous villages studied. The search for ova and parasites found positive results for the stools of 97.5 percent (198/202) and 96.1 percent (98/102) of children in the first and second collections, respectively. There was no statistical association with the children's age. The search performed one year later found no differences in the proportion of parasites identified in the first collection for protozoa (93.3 percent in 2007 versus 93.3 percent in 2008, McNemar = 0.01, p = 0.1) or for helminths (37.1 percent in 2007 versus 38.2 percent in 2008, McNemar = 0.03, p = 0.85). There were significant differences in prevalence of Entamoeba coli between 2007 (43.8 percent) and 2008 (61.8 percent) (McNemar Chi 6.1; p = 0.0135). There were no significant differences for other parasites when comparing the results of the two studies. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of intestinal parasitosis matched the elevated rates of environmental contamination in this indigenous community.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Feces/parasitology , Indians, South American/statistics & numerical data , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Brazil/ethnology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/ethnology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Prevalence
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