Falls in older adults hospitalized in tertiary centers in Colombia. Clinical description and complications.

OBJECTIVE: The incidence of falls in elderly patients in the hospital environment is three times higher than that in the community. The aim was to determine the characteristics of patients who suffered in-hospital falls and their complications. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study with patients older than 64 years of age, admitted between 2018 and 2020 to four clinics in Colombia who presented a fall during their stay. Clinical data, reasons for the fall, complications and use of drugs with a known risk for causing falls and with an anticholinergic load were reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 249 patients were included. The mean age was 77.5 ± 7.4 years, and there was a predominance of males (63.9%). The patients were hospitalized mainly for community-acquired pneumonia (12.4%) and heart failure (10.4%). Falls occurred most frequently in hospitalization wards (77.1%) and emergency departments (20.9%). Falls were related to standing alone (34.4%) and on the way to the bathroom (28.9%), with 40.6% (n = 102) of falls resulting in trauma, especially to the head (27.7%); the incidence of fractures was low (3.2%). Ninety-two percent of patients had polypharmacy (≥5 drugs), 88.0% received psychotropic drugs, and 37.3% received drugs with an anticholinergic load ≥3 points. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalized adults over 65 years of age suffered falls, mainly in hospitalization wards and emergency departments, especially during the process of solitary ambulation. Most had received psychotropic drugs and medications with a high anticholinergic load. These results suggest that it is necessary to improve risk prevention strategies for falls in this population.

Cultura de segurança em unidades de terapia intensiva na perspectiva da equipe multiprofissional: Estudo multicêntrico / Cultura de seguridad en unidades de terapia intensiva en la perspectiva del equipo multiprofesional: Estudio multicéntrico / Safety Culture in intensive care units from multiprofessional team perspective: A multicenter study

Resumo Introdução: A Cultura de Segurança do Paciente é considerada um importante componente estrutural dos serviços, que favorece a implantação de práticas seguras e a diminuição da ocorrência de eventos adversos. Objetivo: Identificar os fatores associados à cultura de segurança do paciente nas unidades de terapia intensiva adulto em hospitais de grande porte da região Sudeste do Brasil. Método: Estudo transversal do tipo survey e multicêntrico. Participaram 168 profissionais de saúde de quatro unidades (A, B, C e D) de terapia intensiva adulto. Foi utilizado o questionário "Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture". Considerou-se como variável dependente o nível de cultura de segurança do paciente e variáveis independentes aspectos sociodemográficos e laborais. Foram usadas estatísticas descritivas e para a análise dos fatores associados foi elaborado um modelo de regressão logística múltipla. Resultados: Identificou-se associação entre tipo de hospital com onze dimensões da cultura de segurança, quanto à função a categoria profissional médico, técnico de enfermagem e enfermeiro foram relacionadas com três dimensões; o gênero com duas dimensões e tempo de atuação no setor com uma dimensão. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se que o tipo de hospital, categoria profissional, tempo de atuação no setor e gênero foram associados às dimensões de cultura de segurança do paciente.

Resumen Introducción: La cultura de seguridad del paciente se considera un componente estructural importante de los servicios, que favorece la aplicación de prácticas seguras y la reducción de la aparición de acontecimientos adversos. Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados a la cultura de seguridad del paciente en unidades de terapia intensiva adulto en hospitales de la región Sudeste del Brasil. Metodología: Estudio transversal de tipo encuesta y multicéntrico. Participaron 168 profesionales de salud de cuatro unidades (A, B, C y D) de terapia intensiva adulto. Se utilizó el cuestionario "Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture". Se consideró como variable dependiente el nivel de cultura de seguridad del paciente y variables independientes los aspectos sociodemográficos y laborales. Fueron usadas estadísticas descriptivas y, para analizar los factores asociados, fue elaborado un modelo de regresión logística múltiple. Resultados: Se identificó asociación entre tipo de hospital con once dimensiones de cultura de seguridad del paciente. En relación a la función, personal médico, técnicos de enfermería y personal de enfermería fueron asociados con tres dimensiones, el género con dos dimensiones y tiempo de actuación con una dimensión en el modelo de regresión. Conclusión: Se evidenció que el tipo de hospital, función, tiempo de actuación en el sector y género fueron asociados a las dimensiones de la cultura de seguridad del paciente.

Abstract Introduction: Patient safety culture is considered an important structural component of the services, which promotes the implementation of safe practices and the reduction of adverse events. Objective: To identify the factors associated with patient safety culture in adult intensive care units in large hospitals in Belo Horizonte. Method: Cross-sectional survey and multicenter study. A total of 168 health professionals from four units (A, B, C and D) of adult intensive care participated. The questionnaire "Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture" was used. The patient's level of safety culture was considered as a dependent variable, and sociodemographic and labor aspects were the independent variables. Descriptive statistics were used and a multiple logistic regression model was developed to analyze the associated factors. Results: An association was identified between the type of hospital and eleven dimensions of the safety culture. In terms of function, the doctors, nursing technicians, and nurse were related to three dimensions; gender with two dimensions, and time working in the sector with one dimension. Conclusion: It was evidenced that the type of hospital, function, time working in the sector, and gender were associated with the dimensions of patient safety culture.

The human factor and ergonomics in Patient Safety.

The human condition is linked to error in any activity that is performed, and the healthcare world is no exception. The origin of human error does not lie within the perversity of human nature, instead, it has its origins in latent failures in the healthcare environment and is a consequence of the processes and procedures applied. The science of the Human Factor deals with the application of knowledge to people (capabilities, characteristics and limitations), with the design and the management of the equipment they use and with the environments in which they work and the activities they carry out. Part of the Human Factor are the non-technical skills. These skills greatly influence people's behavior and, therefore, their performance and the quality of healthcare in a very complex socio-technical system.

Medication reconciliation in hospitalized hematological patient. / Conciliación de la medicación en el paciente hematológico ingresado.

OBJECTIVE: The main objective was to analyze unjustified discrepancies during the medication reconciliation process in patients admitted to the Hematology Service of our hospital and the pharmaceutical interventions. As a secondary objective, to detect possible points of the procedure to be perfected with a view to protocolizing the medication reconciliation process in hematological patients that adapts to the conditions of our center. METHODS: Cross-sectional observational pilot study carried out in a reference hospital in hematology for a population of 800,000 inhabitants. Adult inpatients admitted to the Hematology Service between August and October 2022 whose medication had been reconciled were included. The main variables were: number and type of unjustified discrepancy, proposed pharmaceutical intervention, and acceptance rate. RESULTS: 36 conciliation processes were analyzed, 34 admissions and 2 intrahospital transfer. 58.3% of the patients presented at least one unjustified discrepancy. 38 unjustified discrepancies were detected, with an acceptance of pharmaceutical interventions of 97.4%. The most common types of discrepancy were medication omission (56.8%) and drug interaction (24.3%). The most frequent pharmaceutical interventions were reintroducing medication (48.6%) and treatment discontinuation (16.2%). Polypharmacy and chemotherapy multiplied by 4 the probability of presenting drug interactions. CONCLUSIONS: The most common unjustified discrepancies in the medication reconciliation process in hospitalized hematology patients are: Medication omission and drug interactions. The reintroduction of medication and suspension of the prescription are the most frequent accepted pharmaceutical interventions. Polypharmacy is related to an increase in unjustified discrepancies. The factors that promote the appearance of interactions are admissions to receive chemotherapy treatment and polypharmacy. The main point of improvement detected is the need to create a circuit that allows conciliation to be carried out on discharge. Medication reconciliation contribute to improving patient safety by reducing medication errors.

Aplicabilidade das tecnologias na assistência de enfermagem com foco na segurança do paciente / The technology applicability in the aid of nursing focusing on the patient's safety / Aplicabilidad de tecnologias en la asistencia de enfermeria con enfoque en la seguridad del paciente

Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção dos enfermeiros em ambiente hospitalar sobre a implementação das tecnologias na assistência de enfermagem com foco na segurança do paciente. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado com oito enfermeiros, responsáveis pelo gerenciamento de riscos em hospitais. Utilizou-se a técnica Snowball para eleger os participantes e a plataforma Skype para as entrevistas, realizadas no período de março a abril de 2021. Resultados: Apontou-se a utilização da tecnologia por meio do prontuário eletrônico, com a inserção de programa como o Tasy, o qual avançou para comunicação em rede, com vistas a facilitar checagens, auditorias, indicadores, gerenciamento e análise dos eventos. Desvelou-se também para a utilização do código de barras na identificação do paciente e no controle de dispensação e recebimento de medicamentos. No entanto, foram apresentadas limitações na implementação como dificuldade no manuseio das ferramentas digitais por profissionais antigos, caracterizada como resistência. Conclusão: A aplicabilidade das tecnologias na práxis da enfermagem contribui para a segurança do paciente face a favorecer o controle de eventos e o gerenciamento de riscos. Remete para a importância de capacitação e treinamentos dos profissionais para desenvolvimento de habilidades na utilização das ferramentas digitais. (AU)

Objective: Getting to know the perceptions from nurses on hospital environment about the technology implantation in the aid of patient's safety focused nursing. Methods: Descriptive, qualitative study made with eight nurses, responsible for risk management in hospitals. The Snowball technique was used to select the participants and the Skype platform used in the interviews, from March to April 2021. Results: The technology use was detected on the patient's electronic records through the Tasy program, which advanced to a net communication to facilitate checking, audits, pointers, management and event analysis. It was also detected by the use of bar codes in the identification of patients and control of medication dispensation and receiving. However, some limitations were found in the technology implementation, like elderly people having trouble using the digital tools, which is characterized by resistance. Conclusion: The technology applicability in the nursing practice contributes to the patient's safety to favor event control and risk management. It points to the importance of staff training and qualification to promote the ability of using digital tools. (AU)

Objetivo: Conocer las percepciones de las enfermeras del entorno hospitalario sobre la implementación de tecnologias enfocado en la seguridad del paciente. Métodos: Fue realizado un estudio descripctivo, cualitativo, con ocho enfermeras responsables de la gestión de riesgos en los hospitales. Se utilizó la tecnica snowball para elegir a los participantes y la plataforma skype para las entrevistas realizadas de marzo a abril de 2021. Resultados: Con el desarrollo de la tecnologia a través de historias clínicas eletrónicas, la inserción de un programa como Tasy, que avanzó a la comunicación em red, con el objetivo de facilitar verificaciones como auditorias, gestión y análisis en cualquier eventualidad. Tambien se dio a conocer para el uso de códigos de barras en la identificación de pacientes y en el control de la dispensación y recepción de medicamentos. Sin embargo, se presentaron limitaciones en la implementación, como la dificultad en el manejo de herramientas digitales por parte de algunos profesionales. Conclusión: La aplicabilidad de tecnologias en la enfermeria contribuye a la seguridad del paciente favoreciendo en el control de riesgos. Se refiere a la importancia de la calificación y formación de los profesionales, para desarrollar habilidades en el uso de herramientas digitales. (AU)

Gerenciamento do protocolo de prevenção de lesão por pressão: construção de painel de bordo informatizado / Management of the pressure injury prevention protocol: construction of a computerized dashboard / Gestión del protocolo de prevención de lesiones por presión: construcción de panel informatizado

Objetivo: Relatar a construção e implantação de painel de bordo, desenvolvido por enfermeiros e profissionais da tecnologia da informação, para gerenciamento do Protocolo de Prevenção de Lesão por Pressão. Métodos: Trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre a construção e implantação de painel de bordo informatizado para gerenciamento de protocolo em um hospital privado universitário, localizado no interior do estado de São Paulo. Resultados: A construção do painel de bordo foi dividida nas seguintes etapas: revisão e atualização do protocolo, construção do modelo eletrônico e implementação. A divulgação foi realizada pela Comissão de Prevenção de Lesão por Pressão. Conclusão: O painel de bordo possibilitou a visualização rápida e em tempo real dos riscos dos pacientes, intervenções propostas e efetividade das medidas de prevenção, além de promover a integração e empoderamento dos profissionais na gestão do cuidado. (AU)

Objective: To report the construction and implementation of a dashboard, developed by nurses and information technology professionals, to manage the Pressure Injury Prevention Protocol. Methods: This is an experience report on the construction and implementation of a computerized dashboard for protocol management in a private university hospital, located in the interior of the state of São Paulo. Results: The construction of the dashboard was divided into the following steps: review and update of the protocol, construction of the electronic model and implementation. The Pressure Injury Prevention Commission disclosed the tool. Conclusion: The dashboard enabled the quick and real-time visualization of patient risks, proposed interventions and effectiveness of prevention measures, in addition to promoting the integration and empowerment of professionals in the management of care. (AU)

Objetivo: Informar la construcción e implementación de un panel, desarrollado por enfermeras y profesionales de tecnologías de la información, para gestionar el Protocolo de Prevención de Lesiones por Presión. Métodos: Se trata de un informe de experiencia sobre la construcción e implementación de un panel computarizado para la gestión del protocolo en un hospital universitario privado, en el interior del estado de São Paulo. Resultados: La construcción del panel se dividió en los siguientes pasos: revisión y actualización del protocolo, construcción del modelo electrónico e implementación. La divulgación fue realizada por la Comisión de Prevención de Lesiones por Presión. Conclusión: El panel permitió la visualización rápida y en tiempo real de los riesgos del paciente, las intervenciones propuestas y la efectividad de las medidas de prevención, además de promover la integración y el empoderamiento de los profesionales en la gestión del cuidado. (AU)

Eventos adversos em crianças submetidas a cirurgias orofaciais / Adverse events in children submitted to orofacial surgery / Eventos adversos en niños sometidos a cirugía orofacial

Objetivo: Identificar os eventos adversos no pós-operatório imediato de queiloplastia e/ou palatoplastia em crianças e comparar os eventos identificados aos notificados ao Núcleo de Segurança do Paciente. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo e quantitativo, realizado em um hospital público e terciário brasileiro. Os dados foram coletados por meio da descrição nos registros de enfermagem e comparados aos notificados ao Núcleo de Segurança do Paciente, referente a junho e dezembro de 2019. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: A amostra constou de 203 crianças, das quais 51% (n=103) apresentaram evento adverso. Foram identificados 176 eventos adversos, de 8 tipos, com prevalência da laringite pós-extubação (n=50; 28%), edema de língua (n=34; 19%) e lesão de comissura labial (n=25; 14%). Destes, apenas 5% (n=9) foram notificados ao Núcleo de Segurança do Paciente. Conclusão: Os eventos adversos prevalentes se relacionaram a cavidade oral e tecidos adjacentes, e a subnotificação foi expressiva. (AU)

Objective: To identify adverse events in the immediate postoperative period of cheiloplasty and/or palatoplasty in children and compare the identified events to those notified to the Patient Safety Center. Methods: Descriptive, retrospective and quantitative study, carried out in a Brazilian public and tertiary hospital. Data were collected through descriptions in nursing records and compared to those notified to the Patient Safety Center, referring to June and December 2019. The results were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. Results: The sample consisted of 203 children, of which 51% (n=103) had an adverse event. A total of 176 adverse events of 8 types were identified, with prevalence of post-extubation laryngitis (n=50; 28%), tongue edema (n=34; 19%) and labral commissure lesion (n=25; 14%). Of these, only 5% (n=9) were notified to the Patient Safety Center. Conclusion: The prevalent adverse events were related to the oral cavity and adjacent tissues, and underreporting was significant. (AU)

Objetivo: Identificar eventos adversos en el postoperatorio inmediato de queiloplastia y/o palatoplastia en niños y comparar los eventos identificados con los notificados al Centro de Seguridad del Paciente. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y cuantitativo, realizado en un hospital público y terciario brasileño. Los datos se recolectaron mediante descripciones en registros de enfermería y se compararon con los notificados al Centro de Seguridad del Paciente, referidos a junio y diciembre de 2019. Los resultados fueron sometidos a análisis estadístico descriptivo. Resultados: La muestra estuvo conformada por 203 niños, de los cuales el 51% (n = 103) tuvo un evento adverso. Se identificaron un total de 176 eventos adversos de 8 tipos, con prevalencia de laringitis posextubación (n=50; 28%), edema de lengua (n=34; 19%) y lesión de la comisura del labrum (n=25; 14%). De estos, solo el 5% (n=9) fueron notificados al Centro de Seguridad del Paciente. Conclusion: Los eventos adversos prevalentes se relacionaron con la cavidad bucal y los tejidos adyacentes y el subregistro fue significativo. (AU)

How a single perioperative delirium case can make the difference.

This report describes how postoperative delirium in an elderly man during COVID-19 pandemic led to a serious event involving a central venous catheter. Delirium is a common cause of perioperative morbidity and mortality, and is characterised by an alteration in consciousness and perception and a reduced ability to focus, sustain or shift attention. The event was analysed by a multidisciplinary committee which developed a risk stratification delirium protocol in order to prevent similar events in the future.

Current perspectives on the use of artificial intelligence in critical patient safety.

Intensive Care Units (ICUs) have undergone enhancements in patient safety, and artificial intelligence (AI) emerges as a disruptive technology offering novel opportunities. While the published evidence is limited and presents methodological issues, certain areas show promise, such as decision support systems, detection of adverse events, and prescription error identification. The application of AI in safety may pursue predictive or diagnostic objectives. Implementing AI-based systems necessitates procedures to ensure secure assistance, addressing challenges including trust in such systems, biases, data quality, scalability, and ethical and confidentiality considerations. The development and application of AI demand thorough testing, encompassing retrospective data assessments, real-time validation with prospective cohorts, and efficacy demonstration in clinical trials. Algorithmic transparency and explainability are essential, with active involvement of clinical professionals being crucial in the implementation process.

Caring to care: Nurturing ICU healthcare professionals' wellbeing for enhanced patient safety.

Healthcare professionals working in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) care for patients suffering from a critical illness and their relatives. Working within a team of people with different personalities, competencies, and specialties, with constraints and demands might contribute to a working environment that is prone to conflicts and disagreements. This highlights that the ICU is a stressful place that can threaten healthcare professionals' wellbeing. This article aims to address the concept of wellbeing by describing how the stressful ICU work-environment threatens the wellbeing of health professionals and discussing how this situation jeopardizes patient safety. To promote wellbeing, it is imperative to explore actionable interventions such as improve communication skills, educational sessions on stress management, or mindfulness. Promoting ICU healthcare professionals' wellbeing through evidence-based strategies will not only increase their personal resilience but might contribute to a safer and more efficient patient care.

[Ethics of care: Assessment of the ethical issues in the protocols or consensuses on mechanical restraint in force in Spain]. / Ética de los cuidados: valoración de los contenidos éticos en los protocolos o consensos de contención mecánica vigentes en España.

INTRODUCTION: Mechanical restraints are widely used in health care practice, despite the numerous ethical conflicts they raise. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ethical considerations contemplated in the current protocols on mechanical restraint in Spain. METHOD: Systematic review in PubMed, WOS and Scopus, Google and Google Scholar. An ad hoc list of 30 items was used to evaluate the ethical content of the protocols. The quality of guidelines was assessed with AGREE II. RESULTS: The need for informed consent (IC) is reflected in 72% of the documents, the IC model sheet is included in only 41% of them, the rest of the analyzed characteristics on IC are fulfilled in percentages between 6% (the document includes the need to reevaluate the indication for IC) and 31% (the document contemplates to whom it should be requested). More than 20 ethical contents are reflected in 31% of them and less than 10 in 19% of the guidelines. The quality of the guides, according to AGREE II, ranged from 27 to 116 points (maximum possible 161), with a mean score of 68.7. Only 9% of the documents were classified as high quality. Finally, the correlation between ethical content and quality measured with AGREE II was 0.75. CONCLUSIONS: The variability of ethical contents in guidelines on mechanical restraints is very high. The ethical requirements to be included in protocols, consensus or Clinical Practice Guidelines should be defined.

CLINICAL PROTOCOLS ADOPTED BY NURSES IN THE EXTRAVASATION OF ANTINEOPLASTIC DRUGS: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW / PROTOCOLOS CLÍNICOS ADOPTADOS POR ENFERMERÍA EN LA EXTRAVASACIÓN DE FÁRMACOS ANTINEOPLÁSICOS: UNA REVISIÓN INTEGRADORA / PROTOCOLOS CLÍNICOS ADOTADOS PELOS ENFERMEIROS NO EXTRAVASAMENTO DE ANTINEOPLÁSICOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Objective: To identify the patient safety measures and clinical protocols adopted by nurses in the case of antineoplastic extravasation. Methodology: The research approach was based on an integrative literature review that used the PICo strategy to structure the research question. Bibliographic surveys were carried out using the MEDLINE, Lilacs, BDENF, SciELO and PubMed databases using the following terms according to DeCS: "Clinical Protocols", " Extravasation of Therapeutic and Diagnostic Materials", "Oncology Nursing", "Patient Safety", "Antineoplastics". After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 25 articles were selected, read in full, classified and organized according to the theme, and critically analyzed. Results: From the analysis of the studies, it was possible to delimit the main actions and knowledge of nurses in the management and guarantee of patient safety in the face of antineoplastic extravasation, as well as promising new managements in the prevention and treatment of this aggravation. Conclusion: Nurses' knowledge of specific measures for antineoplastic drug leakage is incipient, and there is a clear need for research to minimize the gaps in innovative knowledge in nursing practice with the aim of preventing extravasation.

Objetivo: Identificar las medidas de seguridad del paciente y los protocolos clínicos adoptados por el personal de enfermería en el caso de extravasación de antineoplásicos. Metodología: El abordaje de la investigación se basó en una revisión bibliográfica integradora que utilizó la estrategia PICo para estructurar la pregunta de investigación. Las pesquisas bibliográficas fueron realizadas en las bases de datos MEDLINE, Lilacs, BDENF, SciELO y PubMed, utilizando los siguientes términos de acuerdo con el DeCS: "Protocolos clínicos", " Extravasación de material terapéutico y de diagnóstico", "Enfermería oncológica", "Seguridad del paciente", "Antineoplásicos". Tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron 25 artículos, que fueron leídos en su totalidad, clasificados y organizados según el tema, y analizados críticamente. Resultados: A partir del análisis de los estudios, fue posible delinear las principales acciones y conocimientos de las enfermeras en el manejo y garantía de la seguridad del paciente ante la extravasación de antineoplásicos, así como nuevos manejos promisorios en la prevención y tratamiento de este agravamiento. Conclusión: El conocimiento de las enfermeras sobre las medidas específicas para la fuga de fármacos antineoplásicos es incipiente, existiendo una clara necesidad de investigación para minimizar las lagunas de conocimiento innovador en la práctica enfermera con el objetivo de prevenir la extravasación.

Objetivo: Identificar quais são as medidas de segurança do paciente e protocolos clínicos adotados pelos enfermeiros no extravasamento de antineoplásicos. Metodologia: A abordagem da pesquisa se deu a partir de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que se utilizou da estratégia PICo para estruturar a questão de pesquisa. Foram realizados levantamentos bibliográficos utilizando as bases de dados MEDLINE, Lilacs, BDENF, SciELO e PubMed utilizando os termos segundo o DeCS: "Protocolos Clínicos", "Extravasamento de Materiais Terapêuticos e Diagnósticos", "Enfermagem Oncológica", "Segurança do paciente", "Antineoplásicos". Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 25 artigos lidos na íntegra, classificados e organizados conforme a temática, e analisados criticamente. Resultados: A partir da análise dos estudos, foi possível delimitar as principais ações e conhecimentos dos enfermeiros no manejo e garantia da segurança do paciente diante do extravasamento de antineoplásicos, assim como novos manejos promissores na prevenção e tratamento deste agravo. Conclusão: Incipiente é o conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre as medidas específicas diante do extravasamento de antineoplásicos, com evidente necessidade de pesquisas que minimizem as lacunas no conhecimento inovador na prática da enfermagem com desígnio de prevenir  o extravasamento.

Formación en seguridad del paciente para el personal administrativo de una Mutua Colaboradora con la Seguridad Social, impacto inmediato y a los seis meses / Training in patient safety for the administrative staff of a Mutual Collaborator with Social Security, immediate impact and after six months

Introducción: El personal administrativo es un colectivo esencial. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el impacto formativo de un curso online básico sobre seguridad del paciente para administrativos. Método: Estudio cuasi experimental antes/después en una población de 170 administrativos/as que prestaban sus servicios en los centros de la Mutua Colaboradora con la Seguridad Social MC Mutual y que realizaron un curso de seguridad del paciente. Se evaluaron los conocimientos adquiridos mediante una prueba al inicio (P1) y al final del curso (P2). Además, se eligió una muestra de conveniencia de 42 administrativos/as para evaluar sus conocimientos mediante entrevista, previos (E1) y posteriores (E2) al curso, y a los 6 meses (E3).Resultados: De los 170 administrativos/as participantes en el curso, 167 (98,2%) completaron la prueba al inicio y final, con puntuaciones medias que incrementaron de 5,7 (P1) a 7,3 (P2) (p<0,05). Aceptaron participar en las entrevistas 22 administrativos/as de una muestra de 42 (52,4%), y se consiguieron las tres entrevistas de 21 (E1), 22 (E2) y 19 (E3) administrativos/as, cuyas puntuaciones medias incrementaron desde 5,9 (E1) a 7,2 (E2) y 7,5 (E3) (p<0,05). Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren que el curso de formación fue efectivo. La evaluación mediante la entrevista a los seis meses del curso indica un probable efecto a medio-largo plazo. La implicación de los/as profesionales administrativos/as en la atención a los usuarios de la Mutua es clave. La evaluación del impacto de una intervención es esencial para informar sobre su efectividad y orientar su planificación.(AU)

Introduction: Clerical staff are an essential part of the healthcare team, as they provide administrative and organizational support to healthcare institutions. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of a basic one-hour online training course on patient safety for these staff.Method: A quasi-experimental pre/post study carried out in a population of 170 administra-tive staff working in the centers of an Occupational Mutual Insurance Company (MC Mutu-al) who completed the patient safety training. A convenience sample of 22 administrative professionals, who agreed to participate, was chosen from this population, which made it possible to test their knowledge before and after the course, by examination (P1, P2) and interview, immediately after the course and at 6 months (E1, E2, E3).Results: Of the 170 professionals participating in the course, 167 (98.2%) completed the initial test and the post-test, with mean scores increasing from 5.7 (P1) to 7.3 (P2) (p<0.05). A total of 22 out of a sample of 42 (52.4%) agreed to participate in the interviews and all three interviews were completed by 21 (E1), 22 (E2) and 19 (E3) professionals, whose mean scores increased from 5.9 (E1) to 7.2 (E2) and 7.5 (E3) (p<0.05) Conclusions: The results suggest that the training course was effective. The evaluation by interview 6 months after the course indicates a likely medium to long term effect. The involvement of administrative professionals in the company ́s patient care is key. Evaluating the impact of an intervention is essential to inform its effectiveness and guide its plannin.(AU)

Estudio sobre las características de la información sanitaria en las conducciones entre centros penitenciario / Study of the characteristics of medical information in transfers between prisons

Introducción: La movilidad de la población penitenciaria precisa que la información transmitida en los traslados entre centros garantice una óptima continuidad asistencial. Objetivo: Valorar la calidad de la transmisión de información sanitaria cuando los internos son trasladados en conducción entre centros penitenciarios de todo el territorio español. Material y método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, consistente en la revisión de historias clínicas de los internos que transitaron por el Centro Penitenciario (CP) Madrid III en un periodo de tres meses. Todas las variables medidas fueron cualitativas, expresadas en frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: Durante ese tiempo, 1.168 internos transitaron por el CP Madrid III. Solo 21 procedían de centros penitenciarios de Cataluña, País Vasco o Navarra, cuya historia clínica es diferente a la del resto del Estado, y solo el 57,14% aportaban algún tipo de información sanitaria. Del resto de internos, el 70,79% aportaba algún tipo de información: el 63,90% del total tenía medicación prescrita y el 5% metadona. De aquellos que tenían medicación, el 89,10% la tenían prescrita en la prescripción electrónica, siendo correcta en el 98% de los casos. Respecto a la metadona, solo el 75,44% lo tenía prescrito electrónicamente, siendo correcta en todos los casos. La fecha de la última dosis administrada solo se indicó en el 72,40% de los tratamientos. Discusión: Solo el 34,70% de las historias presentaban una calidad óptima en cuanto a la información transmitida, siendo en el 2,50% de los casos la información recibida deficiente. El uso de herramientas informáticas facilita la transmisión de la información, reduce la carga de trabajo y mejora la seguridad del paciente.(AU)

Introduction: The mobility of the prison population creates a need for information transmitted in transfers between centers that can guarantee optimal care continuity. Objective: To assess the quality of transmission of health information when inmates are transferred between prisons in Spain. Material and method: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study, consisting of a review of medical records of inmates who passed through Madrid III Prison in a three-month period. All measured variables were qualitative, and were expressed in absolute and relative frequencies. Results: 1,168 inmates passed through Madrid III Prison in this period. Only 21 came from prisons in Catalonia, the Basque Country or Navarre, where their medical records are different from those in the rest of Spain, and only 57.14% provided some type of health information. Of the remaining inmates, 70.79% provided some type of information: 63.90% of the total had prescriptions for medication and 5% were prescribed with methadone. Of those taking medication, 89.10% were prescribed it in electronic prescriptions, which were correct in 98% of the cases. For methadone, only 75.44% had electronic prescriptions,which were correct in all cases. The date of the last dose administered was only indicated in 72.40% of the treatments. Discussion: Only 34.70% of the records presented optimal quality in terms of the information transmitted, and in 2.50% of the cases the information received was deficient. The use of computerized tools facilitates the transmission of information, reduces the workload and improves patient safety.(AU)

Validated medication deprescribing instruments for patients with palliative care needs: a systematic review / Instrumentos validados de desprescripción de medicamentos para los pacientes que reciben cuidados paliativos: una revisión sistemática

Objectives: Patients with life-limiting illnesses are prone to unnecessary polypharmacy. Deprescribing tools may contribute to minimizing negative outcomes. Thus, the aims of the study were to identify validated instruments for deprescribing inappropriate medications for patients with palliative care needs and to assess the impact on clinical, humanistic, and economic outcomes. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in LILACS, PUBMED, EMBASE, COCHRANE, and WEB OF SCIENCE databases (until May 2021). A manual search was performed in the references of enrolled articles. The screening, eligibility, extraction, and bias risk assessment were carried out by 2 independent researchers. Experimental and observational studies were eligible for inclusion. Results: Out of the 5791 studies retrieved, after excluding duplicates (n = 1050), conducting title/abstract screening (n = 4741), and full reading (n = 41), only 1 study met the inclusion criteria. In this included study, a randomized controlled trial was conducted, which showed a high level of bias risk overall. Adults 75 years or older (n = 130) with limited life expectancy and polypharmacy were allocated to 2 groups [intervention arm (deprescribing); and control arm (usual care)]. Deprescribing was performed with the aid of the STOPPFrail tool. The mean number of inappropriate medications and monthly medication costs were significantly lower in the intervention arm. No statistically significant differences were found in terms of unscheduled hospital presentations, falls, fractures, mortality, and quality of life. Conclusions: Despite the availability of several instruments to support deprescribing in patients with palliative care needs, only 1 of them has undergone validation and robust assessment for effectiveness in clinical practice. The STOPPFrail tool appears to reduce the number of inappropriate medications for older people with limited life expectancy (and probably palliative care needs)...(AU)

Objetivo: Los pacientes con enfermedades terminales son propensos a la polifarmacia innecesaria. Las herramientas de desprescripción pueden contribuir a minimizar los resultados negativos. Por lo tanto, los objetivos del estudio fueron identificar instrumentos validados para la desprescripción de medicamentos inapropiados en pacientes con necesidades de cuidados paliativos y evaluar el impacto en los resultados clínicos, humanísticos y económicos. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos LILACS, PUBMED, EMBASE, COCHRANE y WEB OF SCIENCE (hasta mayo de 2021). Se realizó una búsqueda manual en las referencias de los artículos incluidos. La selección, elegibilidad, extracción y evaluación del riesgo de sesgo se llevaron a cabo por dos investigadores independientes. Se aceptó la inclusión de estudios observacionales y experimentales. Resultados: De los 5791 estudios recuperados, después de excluir duplicados (n = 1050), realizar la selección de títulos/resúmenes (n = 4741) y la lectura completa (n = 41), solo un estudio cumplió con los criterios de inclusión. En este estudio incluido, se realizó un ensayo controlado aleatorizado, que mostró un alto nivel de riesgo de sesgo en general. A los adultos de 75 años o más (n = 130) con esperanza de vida limitada y polifarmacia se les asignaron dos grupos [grupo de intervención (desprescripción) y grupo de control (atención habitual)]. Se realizó la desprescripción con la ayuda de la herramienta STOPPFrail. El número promedio de medicamentos inapropiados y los costos mensuales de los medicamentos fueron significativamente más bajos en el grupo de intervención. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en términos de presentaciones hospitalarias no programadas, caídas, fracturas, mortalidad y calidad de vida. Conclusiones: A pesar de la disponibilidad de varias herramientas para apoyar la deprescripción en pacientes con necesidades de cuidados paliativos...(AU)

Instrumentos validados de desprescripción de medicamentos para los pacientes que reciben cuidados paliativos: una revisión sistemática / Validated medication deprescribing instruments for patients with palliative care needs: a systematic review

Objectives: Patients with life-limiting illnesses are prone to unnecessary polypharmacy. Deprescribing tools may contribute to minimizing negative outcomes. Thus, the aims of the study were to identify validated instruments for deprescribing inappropriate medications for patients with palliative care needs and to assess the impact on clinical, humanistic, and economic outcomes. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in LILACS, PUBMED, EMBASE, COCHRANE, and WEB OF SCIENCE databases (until May 2021). A manual search was performed in the references of enrolled articles. The screening, eligibility, extraction, and bias risk assessment were carried out by 2 independent researchers. Experimental and observational studies were eligible for inclusion. Results: Out of the 5791 studies retrieved, after excluding duplicates (n = 1050), conducting title/abstract screening (n = 4741), and full reading (n = 41), only 1 study met the inclusion criteria. In this included study, a randomized controlled trial was conducted, which showed a high level of bias risk overall. Adults 75 years or older (n = 130) with limited life expectancy and polypharmacy were allocated to 2 groups [intervention arm (deprescribing); and control arm (usual care)]. Deprescribing was performed with the aid of the STOPPFrail tool. The mean number of inappropriate medications and monthly medication costs were significantly lower in the intervention arm. No statistically significant differences were found in terms of unscheduled hospital presentations, falls, fractures, mortality, and quality of life. Conclusions: Despite the availability of several instruments to support deprescribing in patients with palliative care needs, only 1 of them has undergone validation and robust assessment for effectiveness in clinical practice. The STOPPFrail tool appears to reduce the number of inappropriate medications for older people with limited life expectancy (and probably palliative care needs)...(AU)

Objetivo: Los pacientes con enfermedades terminales son propensos a la polifarmacia innecesaria. Las herramientas de desprescripción pueden contribuir a minimizar los resultados negativos. Por lo tanto, los objetivos del estudio fueron identificar instrumentos validados para la desprescripción de medicamentos inapropiados en pacientes con necesidades de cuidados paliativos y evaluar el impacto en los resultados clínicos, humanísticos y económicos. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos LILACS, PUBMED, EMBASE, COCHRANE y WEB OF SCIENCE (hasta mayo de 2021). Se realizó una búsqueda manual en las referencias de los artículos incluidos. La selección, elegibilidad, extracción y evaluación del riesgo de sesgo se llevaron a cabo por dos investigadores independientes. Se aceptó la inclusión de estudios observacionales y experimentales. Resultados: De los 5791 estudios recuperados, después de excluir duplicados (n = 1050), realizar la selección de títulos/resúmenes (n = 4741) y la lectura completa (n = 41), solo un estudio cumplió con los criterios de inclusión. En este estudio incluido, se realizó un ensayo controlado aleatorizado, que mostró un alto nivel de riesgo de sesgo en general. A los adultos de 75 años o más (n = 130) con esperanza de vida limitada y polifarmacia se les asignaron dos grupos [grupo de intervención (desprescripción) y grupo de control (atención habitual)]. Se realizó la desprescripción con la ayuda de la herramienta STOPPFrail. El número promedio de medicamentos inapropiados y los costos mensuales de los medicamentos fueron significativamente más bajos en el grupo de intervención. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en términos de presentaciones hospitalarias no programadas, caídas, fracturas, mortalidad y calidad de vida. Conclusiones: A pesar de la disponibilidad de varias herramientas para apoyar la deprescripción en pacientes con necesidades de cuidados paliativos...(AU)

Papel del radiofarmacéutico clínico en la seguridad del paciente durante los estudios de perfusión miocárdica de esfuerzo con vasodilatadores / Role of the clinical radiopharmacist in patient safety during myocardial perfusion imaging with vasodilator stress agents

Objetivos: Evaluar el papel del radiofarmacéutico en un equipo multidisciplinar en la detección de contraindicaciones del regadenosón para su uso seguro en pacientes a los que se solicitó una SPECT de perfusión miocárdica. Métodos: Se estudió ambispectivamente su uso seguro en 1.905 pacientes (54,1% mujeres, edad media: 66,6±11,7 años, rango: 20-95años). Se registraron datos relativos al sexo, a la edad, al historial médico, a la medicación, a las alergias medicamentosas y a las contraindicaciones para el estrés farmacológico, así como las recomendaciones realizadas al médico nuclear responsable. Resultados: Las contraindicaciones detectadas y las correspondientes recomendaciones fueron las siguientes: riesgo de prolongación del intervalo QTc (7,5%): comprobación previa del intervalo QTc y monitorización del ECG; ictus o AIT previo (4,2%): evaluación de estenosis carotídea; alergia a salicilatos y/o sulfamidas (3,1%): empleo de [99mTc]Tc-MIBI; epilepsia o riesgo de convulsiones (2,4%): uso de adenosina o reconsiderar su indicación; tratamiento con corticosteroides sistémicos en EPOC severa (1,3%): reevaluar las condiciones del paciente; EPOC reagudizada (0,8%): posponer hasta la resolución del episodio agudo; asma grave (0,4%): no realizar la prueba; toma de metilxantinas (0,3%): evitar su consumo previo; otras (6,1%): evaluación de cada contraindicación. No se observaron contraindicaciones en el 73,6% de los pacientes. Se anularon el 2,9% de las peticiones debido a contraindicaciones absolutas. Conclusiones: Empleando una metodología de trabajo sistemática, el radiofarmacéutico detectó un elevado número de incidencias, presentando uno de cada cuatro pacientes alguna contraindicación clínica. Las recomendaciones emitidas fueron aceptadas por los médicos nucleares, que modificaron su enfoque, incrementando así la seguridad de estos pacientes.(AU)

Aim: To assess the radiopharmacist's role in a multidisciplinary team focused on the contraindications of regadenoson in order to ensure the safe use of pharmacologic vasodilator stress agents in patients undergoing SPECT-MPI. Methods: We ambispectively studied its safe use in 1905 patients (54.1% female, mean age: 66.6±11.7 years, range: 20-95years). Sex, age, medical history, medications, drug allergies, and contraindications for stress testing were registered together with recommendations for the nuclear physician in charge. Results: Detected contraindications and corresponding recommendations were as follows: risk factors for QTc interval prolongation 7.5% — measurement of QTc interval previously to test and monitor ECG; prior stroke or TIA 4.2% — consider carotid stenosis assessment; salicylates/sulfonamides allergy 3.1% — use 99mTc-sestamibi; epilepsy or risk factors for seizures 2.4% — use of adenosine or reconsider test indication; systemic corticosteroid therapy for severe COPD 1.3% — reassessment of patient's condition; acute exacerbation of COPD 0.8% — defer test until acute episode is over; severe asthma 0.4% — do not perform test; methylxanthine ingestion 0.3% — avoid consumption previously; other 6.1% — evaluation of other contraindications. No contraindications were detected in 73.6% of patients. The test was cancelled due to absolute contraindications in 2.9% of the requests. Conclusions: Working in a systematic way, the radiopharmacist was able to detect a high number of issues related to regadenoson, with one out of four patients presenting some clinical contraindication. The recommendations given by the radiopharmacist were well accepted by the nuclear physicians who changed their approach contributing to increase the safety of patients referred for MPI.(AU)

Detection and reduction of errors in parenteral nutrition compounding through gravimetric and product control. / [Artículo traducido] Detección y reducción de errores en la elaboración de la nutrición parenteral mediante control gravimétrico y de producto.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the errors in the preparation of parenteral nutrition in a Pharmacy Service, detected through an already consolidated gravimetric and product quality control, and compare them with those detected during the initial years of implementing this quality control. METHODS: All errors detected through quality control in the compounding of pediatric and adult parenteral nutrition between 2019 and 2021 were prospectively analyzed. This quality control consisted of 3 sequential processes: a visual check, a gravimetric control, and a product control. Errors were classified as gravimetric, when the nutrition had a deviation of more than 5% from the theoretical weight, or as product errors when a qualitative or quantitative error was detected upon reviewing the remainder of the components used. These errors were analyzed in terms of type and the component involved. A comparison was made with the errors detected during the implementation phase of this quality control from 2016 to 2018. RESULTS: A total of 41,809 parenteral nutritions were reviewed, and 345 errors were detected (0.83% of the preparations); of these, 59 errors were found in pediatric nutritions (0.68% of them), and 286 in adult nutritions (0.86% of them). Among these errors, 193 were of gravimetric nature, while 152 were detected through product control. The main components involved in product errors were electrolytes, primarily due to the addition of excessive volumes and the use of incorrect components. A significant absolute reduction of 0.71% (p < 0.05) in the total number of errors was observed when compared to the implementation phase. This reduction was consistent in both gravimetric errors (-0.59%) and product-related errors (-0.12%) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Comprehensive quality control of parenteral nutrition preparation is an easily implementable tool that effectively detected and prevented significant errors. Furthermore, its widespread adoption contributed to a reduction in the overall error count.

Presence of metallic components in transdermal drug delivery systems and risk of skin burns. / [Artículo traducido] Presencia de partículas metálicas en parches transdérmicos de medicamentos y riesgo de quemaduras.

OBJECTIVE: Skin burns are associated with the presence of metallic components in transdermal drug delivery systems during Magnetic Resonance Imaging, cardioversion or defibrillation procedures. The aim of the study was to review the presence of metallic components in marketed products of transdermal drug delivery systems in Spain. METHOD: For each presentation, the summary of product characteristics was reviewed. If the information was not provided, manufacturers were contacted. RESULTS: We identified 59 marketed products of transdermal drug delivery systems of 12 different active substances. 59.3% of patches contained metallic components or their presence could not be ruled out. Information regarding the need to remove the patch was only included in 8 summaries of product characteristics (13.6%). A table was elaborated and included the following aspects: product, active substance, manufacturer, need to remove the patch before the exposure to magnetic or electric fields and references. CONCLUSION: More than a half of the patches at the time of the study contained metals or their absence could not be confirmed by the manufacturer. However, this information was only included in 13.6% of summaries of product characteristics.

Impacto de la implementación de un método de traspaso de información estandarizada interdisciplinar en sala de partos y unidad de cuidados obstétricos intermedios / Impact of the implementation of a standardised interdisciplinary information transfer method in the Delivery room and Intermediate Obstetric Care Unit

Objetivo Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir la implementación de la metodología estandarizada en la transferencia de información en sala de partos y unidad de cuidados obstétricos intermedios en un hospital de tercer nivel de Barcelona e identificar el impacto de esta implementación en los factores que actúan como facilitadores y barreras en el procedimiento. Método Estudio cuasiexperimental tipo pretest-postest sin grupo control en la unidad de cuidados obstétricos intermedios y sala de partos del servicio de Medicina Maternofetal de un hospital de tercer nivel de Barcelona. El personal sanitario autocumplimentó un cuestionario ad hoc antes y después de implementar la metodología estandarizada IDEAS en el servicio durante 2019 y 2020. Se evaluó la autopercepción personal en el procedimiento de transferencia de información. El test de Wilcoxon por pares se utilizó para la comparación antes y después. Resultados El uso de una metodología estandarizada ha mostrado un impacto en la mejora de la transmisión de la información. Se detectaron diferencias significativas antes y después de la intervención en las siguientes dimensiones: ubicación, personas implicadas, periodo de tiempo del procedimiento, estructurada ordenada y clara y tiempo suficiente para preguntas (p<0,001); mientras que no se observaron diferencias en transmisión al profesional referente, actuaciones bien definidas y realización de un resumen. Conclusiones Existen factores, como aspectos estructurales, organizativos y falta de tiempo, que dificultan la comunicación efectiva, por tanto, actúan como barreras en la transferencia de información. La implementación de una metodología con las personas implicadas, el tiempo y el espacio adecuado permite mejorar aspectos en la comunicación en el equipo multiprofesional y, por tanto, la seguridad del paciente. (AU)

Aim This study aims to describe the implementation of the standard methodology for information transfer in the labour ward and Intermediate Obstetric Care Unit and to identify the impact of this implementation on the factors that act as facilitators and barriers in the procedure. Method Quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study without a control group in an Intermediate Obstetric Care Unit and delivery room of the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Service of a tertiary hospital in Barcelona. Healthcare staff self-completed an ad hoc questionnaire before and after implementing the standardised IDEAS methodology in the service during 2019 and 2020. Personal self-perception in the information transfer procedure was assessed. The Wilcoxon pairwise test was used for comparison before and after. Results The use of a standardised methodology has shown an impact on improving the transmission of information. Significant differences were detected before and after the intervention in the following dimensions: location, people involved, time period of the procedure, structured, orderly and clear, and sufficient time for questions (p<0.001); while no differences were observed in: transmission to the referring professional, well-defined actions, and completion of a summary. Conclusions There are factors such as structural and organisational aspects and lack of time that hinder effective communication and therefore act as barriers to the transfer of information. The implementation of a methodology with the health professionals involved, the time and the appropriate space allows for the improvement of communication aspects in the multiprofessional team and, therefore, patient safety. (AU)