The self-assessment scale of cognitive complaints in Schizophrenia: validation of the Arabic version among a sample of lebanese patients.

BACKGROUND: Several subjective scales have been used to measure cognitive complaints in patients with schizophrenia, such as the Self-Assessment Scale of Cognitive Complaints in Schizophrenia (SASCCS), which was designed to be clear, simple, and easy to use. This study aimed to examine the ability of SASCCS as a validated tool to collect and assess subjective cognitive complaints of patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study among 120 patients with schizophrenia was performed between July 2019 and Mars 2020 at the Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Lebanon. The SASCCS was used to assess how patients with schizophrenia perceived their cognitive impairment. RESULTS: The internal consistency of the SASCCS scale was 0.911, and the intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.81 (p < 0.001), suggesting a good stability over time. The factor analysis of the SASCCS scale showed a 5-factor solution using the Varimax rotated matrix. The SASCCS total score positively correlated with their own factors. A negative correlation was found between the objective cognitive scale and subjective cognitive complaints, which were positively correlated with clinical symptoms and depression. No significant association was found between insight and subjective cognitive complaints. CONCLUSION: The SASCCS scale showed appropriate psychometric properties, with high internal consistency, good construct validity, and adequate concurrent validity, which makes it valuable for the evaluation of subjective cognitive complaints in patients with schizophrenia.

Psychometric properties of the Cognitive Functioning Self-Assessment Scale in community-dwelling adults: A cross-sectional online survey.

Background: The Cognitive Functioning Self-Assessment Scale (CFSS) was developed to allow the self-assessment of perceived cognitive functioning. It has been tested with satisfactory reliability and validity but was not available for the Chinese population. This study aimed to adapt and validate the Chinese version of the CFSS for community-dwelling adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study of a sample of 1,002 Chinese adults from the general population was conducted online (July-August 2022). The Chinese version of the CFSS with 18 items was created through translation, cognitive debriefing, and psychometric evaluation. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed on the first half of the randomly split sample. A model derived from EFA was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in the second half of the sample. The model fits were further evaluated with and without subgrouping by age, gender, and education level. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (α) and McDonald's omega hierarchical coefficients (ωH). Results: EFA (n = 460) revealed a three-factor solution, including spatio-temporal orientation, attention, and memory, which explained 51% of the total variance. The second-order CFA (n = 510) demonstrated a good fit: CFI = 0.951, TLI = 0.944, RMSEA = 0.054, SRMR = 0.040. A second-order multiple-group analysis showed that the structure was invariant by age, gender, and education level. The total CFSS score was significantly associated with the Chinese version of the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (r = 0.56, p< 0.001) and the Chinese version of the seven-item General Anxiety Disorder (r = 0.53, p<0.001). The internal consistency reliability was satisfactory, with α = 0.94 and ωH = 0.84. The item-total correlation coefficients ranged from 0.58 to 0.72. Conclusion: The Chinese version of the CFSS possesses good item characteristics, satisfactory validity, and reliability for assessing self-reported cognitive functioning among community-dwelling adults. It is a feasible and appropriate self-assessment instrument to examine cognitive functioning in the Hong Kong Chinese population, which contributes to monitoring and developing strategies to prevent and manage cognitive impairment and disorders for the public's cognitive health and well-being.

Progression of severity in coronavirus disease 2019 patients before treatment and a self-assessment scale to predict disease severity.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to further investigate the association of COVID-19 disease severity with numerous patient characteristics, and to develop a convenient severity prediction scale for use in self-assessment at home or in preliminary screening in community healthcare settings. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Data from 45,450 patients infected with COVID-19 from January 1 to February 27, 2020 were extracted from the municipal Notifiable Disease Report System in Wuhan, China. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: We categorized COVID-19 disease severity, based on The Chinese Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19, as "nonsevere" (which grouped asymptomatic, mild, and ordinary disease) versus "severe" (grouping severe and critical illness). RESULTS: Twelve scale items-age, gender, illness duration, dyspnea, shortness of breath (clinical evidence of altered breathing), hypertension, pulmonary disease, diabetes, cardio/cerebrovascular disease, number of comorbidities, neutrophil percentage, and lymphocyte percentage-were identified and showed good predictive ability (area under the curve = 0·72). After excluding the community healthcare laboratory parameters, the remaining model (the final self-assessment scale) showed similar area under the curve (= 0·71). CONCLUSIONS: Our COVID-19 severity self-assessment scale can be used by patients in the community to predict their risk of developing severe illness and the need for further medical assistance. The tool is also practical for use in preliminary screening in community healthcare settings. Our study constructed a COVID-19 severity self-assessment scale that can be used by patients in the community to predict their risk of developing severe illness and the need for further medical assistance.

Reliability and validity of the fall risk self-assessment scale for community-dwelling older people in China: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Falls are a common and serious public health issue among older adults, contributing to the loss of independence, psychological distress, and incapability to engage in meaningful occupations, etc. However, there is a lack of abundant information about the fall risk self-evaluation scale for community-dwelling older people. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the preliminary reliability and validity of the fall risk self-assessment scale (FRSAS) among community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 230 individuals aged 65 years and over were recruited by a convenience sampling between October and December 2020 from three communities in Haidian district, Beijing. Eligible participants were required to fill in the general condition questionnaire and the fall risk self-assessment scale. The reliability and validity were analyzed by using SPSS 20.0. RESULTS: Two hundred twenty-two participants completed the assessment as required (the completion rate was 96.52%). The most items of FRSAS were understood by older adults, which was completed in 10 min. Cronbach's α and intraclass correlation coefficient ICC (2,1) of the scale were 0.757 and 0.967 respectively, suggesting good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Exploratory factor analysis yielded 14 factors that explained 61.744% of the variance. Five items failed to be categorized into any factors because the factor loading of these items was less than 0.4. A future large-sample study needs to be conducted to explore its construct validity. The total scores and dimensional scores except for C-dimension showed significant differences between participants who had experienced a fall in the previous 6 months and those who had not (P < 0.05), indicating good discriminant validity. CONCLUSIONS: The fall risk self-assessment scale including 41 items demonstrated relatively high feasibility as well as satisfactory results in the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and discriminant validity. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registration number: ChiCTR2000038856 ; Date of registration: 7 Oct 2020.

Metacognitive Abilities as a Protective Factor for the Occurrence of Psychotic-Like Experiences in a Non-clinical Population.

Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are a phenomenon that occurs in the general population experiencing delusional thoughts and hallucinations without being in a clinical condition. PLEs involve erroneous attributions of inner cognitive events to the external environment and the presence of intrusive thoughts influenced by dysfunctional beliefs; for these reasons, the role played by metacognition has been largely studied. This study investigates PLEs in a non-clinical population and discriminating factors involved in this kind of experience, among which metacognition, as well as psychopathological features, seems to have a crucial role. The aim of this study was to extend the knowledge about the relationship between metacognition, psychopathology, and PLEs, orienting the focus on metacognitive functioning. The sample consisted of 207 Italian participants (men = 32% and women = 68%) voluntarily recruited online, who gave consent to participate in the study. The average age of the sample was 32.69 years (SD: 9.63; range: 18-71). Subjects affected by psychosis, neurological disease, and drug addiction were excluded from the analyses. The following scales were used to investigate PLEs: Peters et al. Delusions Inventory (PDI), Launay-Slade Hallucinations Scale-Extended Revised (LSHSE), Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B), and Revised Hallucination Scale (RHS). To assess general psychopathological features, the Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale (BASIS-32) was administrated. The Metacognition Self-Assessment Scale (MSAS) was chosen to evaluate metacognitive functioning. From hierarchical regression analyses, it emerged that the presence of anxiety, depression, and impulsive/addictive symptoms constitute a remarkable vulnerability factor for PLEs, in line with previous evidence regarding the relationship between general psychopathology and PLEs. Metacognition negatively predicts PLEs, and its presence does not affect the significance of psychopathological variables, suggesting that metacognitive abilities seem to play a protective role for the occurrence of PLEs among non-clinical individuals, and such ability operates as an independent predictor along with other variables. These results are explained by the role of metacognitive functions, which allow individuals to operate many mental processes such as interpreting sensorial events as real or illusory, understanding behaviors, thoughts, and drives of others, and questioning the subjective interpretation of facts.

Development and psychometric testing of the nursing faculty competencies self-assessment scale.

BACKGROUND: Alongside the promotion of faculty development, further clarification on the vital faculty competencies is critical. OBJECTIVES: To develop and test the psychometric properties of the Nursing Faculty Competencies Self-Assessment Scale. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: 1299 faculty members of 68 nursing universities throughout Japan. A total of 333 returned completed questionnaires, of which 326 provided valid data for analysis. METHODS: To investigate the reliability and validity of the Nursing Faculty Competencies Self-Assessment Scale, a questionnaire containing this scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and questions regarding personal background was mailed to the participants. Using their responses, the reliability of the scale was analyzed in terms of internal consistency and stability. Further, scale validity was used to examine construct validity and perform criterion-related validity tests. RESULTS: After item analysis, exploratory factor analysis returned 82 items loaded onto 11 factors. Cronbach's α coefficients for each factor ranged from 0.86 to 0.98. Meanwhile, correlation coefficients based on the test-retest method ranged from 0.57 to 0.80. Correlation coefficients between the Nursing Faculty Competencies Self-Assessment Scale scores and the General Self-Efficacy Scale ranged from 0.25 to 0.42. CONCLUSIONS: The Nursing Faculty Competencies Self-Assessment Scale comprises 82 items and 11 subscales. The scale has adequate internal consistency and stability, and construct validity. However, additional investigation of criterion-related validity is essential for improving the scale's validity.

Self-assessment of social cognition in a sample of Lebanese in-patients with schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective was to evaluate social cognitive complaints in a sample of chronic in-patients with schizophrenia and compare it to healthy controls. The secondary objective was to explore factors related to social cognitive complaints in these patients, such as neurocognition, clinical symptoms, depression, and insight. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted between July 2019 and March 2020 at the Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross (HPC)-Lebanon enrolled 120 chronic in-patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders and 60 healthy controls. The Self-Assessment of Social Cognition Impairments (ACSo) scale was used to assess social cognitive complaints. RESULTS: A significant difference was found between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls in all social cognitive complaints: theory of mind complaint, attributional biases complaint, emotional processes complaint, and social perception and knowledge complaint (p < 0.001 for all). All objective cognitive disorders were significantly associated with social cognitive complaints except for attention and speed of information processing. Higher verbal memory and verbal fluency were significantly associated with lower emotional processes complaint scores. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that a higher cognition (Beta = -0.08, p = 0.001) was significantly associated with a lower social cognitive complaint, contrary a higher depression (Beta = 0.38, p = 0.04) was significantly associated with a higher social cognitive complaint, in particular attributional biases complaints. CONCLUSION: This study showed that patients with schizophrenia have complaints about their social cognition. It could also demonstrate that subjective social cognitive complaints are correlated with depressive symptoms and objective cognitive deficits among these patients.

Development of a self-assessment behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia competency scale for care teams at long-term geriatric care facilities.

Understanding the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) is important for caregivers in long-term geriatric care facilities. In this study performed in 43 long-term care facilities, we evaluated the ability of caregivers to recognize BPSD through the development and validation of self-assessment scales. Reliability and validity of the scales were determined using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, the test/retest method, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, criteria-related validity, and construct validity. We analyzed cross-sectional data from 310 participants. Factor analysis showed a positive correlation for all scale items (rs = .43-.73). Significant correlations arose from the test/retest method (rs = .48-.76). The α coefficient of all items except one was .70 or more, indicating sufficient reliability. Criteria-related validity (rs = .43-.73) and construct validity (rs = .13-.52) revealed a positive correlation. The BPSD Team Care Self-Assessment Scale is reliable and could ensure BPSD competency in caregivers.

Factors Affecting Clinical Nursing Competency: A Cross Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the factors which affect the achievement of clinical nursing competency. METHODS: A survey was conducted on 717 nurses using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Their clinical nursing competency was assessed using the Clinical Nursing Competence Self-Assessment Scale (CNCSS). This study examined the factors affecting clinical nursing competency using regression analyses. A simple regression analysis was performed with the CNCSS as the objective variable. A multiple regression analysis was performed using the items for which the relationship was clarified as explanatory variables. RESULTS: The factors affecting the "basic nursing competency" were age, ease of taking time off, workplace with a clear vision, and good interpersonal relationships. The factors affecting the "competency in providing assistance commensurate with the patient's health status" were total years of experience, workplace with a clear vision, ease of taking time off, and use of acquired certifications. The factors affecting the "coordinating care environment and teamwork" were total years of experience, workplace with a clear vision, use of acquired certifications, and ease of taking time off. The factors affecting the "ability for professional growth in nursing practice" were use of acquired certifications, workplace with a clear vision, total years of experience, and ease of taking time off. CONCLUSION: For improvement of clinical nursing competency, the factors elucidated to be necessary were accumulation of experience as a nurse, a clear vision of goals, and a work environment with good interpersonal relationships and ease of getting days off. The way nurses make their nursing practice experience meaningful contributed toward their growth as nurses. It is important to train nurses through basic education and continued education with awareness of achievement and improvement of clinical nursing competency. Basic education should promote the ability to make clinical training experience meaningful and continuing education should enable nurses to continue to grow independently through reflection.

Inventário de autoavaliação do professor: proposta de um instrumento baseado no teacher behaviors checklist / Teacher self-assessment inventory: proposal of an instrument based on the teacher behaviors checklist / Inventario de autoevaluación del profesor: propuesta de un instrumento basado en el teacher behaviors checklist

Esta pesquisa objetiva propor o Inventário de Autoavaliação do Professor, uma versão reduzida e adaptada do Teacher Behavior Checklist, apresentando evidências de validade e precisão do mesmo, além de suas associações com o bem-estar subjetivo. Participaram deste estudo 214 professores universitários, sendo 55,6% do sexo feminino e 44,4% do sexo masculino, com média de idade da amostra total de 39,21 (DP = 9,77). Estes responderam questões sociodemográficas e ocupacionais, o Inventário de Autoavaliação do Professor, a Escala de Satisfação com a Vida e a Escala de Bem-estar Afetivo no Trabalho. Análises Paralelas e Fatoriais Exploratórias sugeriram que o instrumento apresentou evidências adequadas de validade, corroborando as duas dimensões observadas originalmente, cuidado e profissionalismo, com índices de precisão aceitáveis. Cuidado apresentou correlação com os afetos positivos e Profissionalismo com as três dimensões do bem-estar. Tais resultados sugerem a adequação do instrumento para este contexto, assim como levanta possibilidades de pesquisas futuras.

This research aims to propose the Teacher Self-Assessment Inventory, a short-version adaptation of the Teacher Behavior Checklist, presenting evidence of its validity and accuracy, as well as its associations with subjective well-being. Participating in this study were 214 university professors, 55.6% female and 44.4% male, with a mean age of the complete sample of 39.21 (SD = 9.77). They answered sociodemographic and occupational questions, the Teacher Self-Assessment Inventory, the Life Satisfaction Scale, and the Job-related affective well-being scale. Parallel and Exploratory Factor Analyzes suggested that the instrument presented evidence of validity, corroborating the two originally observed dimensions, Care and Professionalism, with acceptable precision indices. Care presented correlation with positive affect and Professionalism with the three dimensions of well-being. These results suggest the adequacy of the instrument to this context, as well as possible future research studies.

Esta investigación objetiva proponer el Inventario de Autoevaluación de Profesores, una versión reducida y adaptada del Teacher Behavior Checklist, presentando evidencias de validez y precisión del mismo, además de sus asociaciones con el bienestar subjetivo. Participaron de esta investigación 214 profesores universitarios, siendo el 55,6% del sexo femenino y 44,4% del sexo masculino, con una media de edad de la muestra total de 39,21 (DP = 9,77). Estos respondieron cuestiones sociodemográficas y ocupacionales, el Inventario de Autoevaluación del Profesor, la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida y la Escala de Bienestar Afectivo en el Trabajo. Análisis paralelos y factorial exploratorio sugirió que el instrumento presentó evidencias de validez, corroborando las dos dimensiones observadas originalmente, Cuidado y Profesionalismo, con índices de precisión aceptables. El cuidado presentó correlación con los afectos positivos y el profesionalismo con las tres dimensiones del bienestar. Estos resultados sugieren la adecuación del instrumento para este contexto, así como plantea posibilidades de investigaciones futuras.

A Transnosographic Self-Assessment of Social Cognitive Impairments (ACSO): First Data.

Social cognition refers to the mental operations underlying social interactions. Given the major role of social cognitive deficits in the disability associated with severe psychiatric disorders, they therefore constitute a crucial therapeutic target. However, no easily understandable and transnosographic self-assessment scale evaluating the perceived difficulties is available. This study aimed to analyze the psychometric qualities of a new self-administered questionnaire (ACSo) assessing subjective complaints in different domains of social cognition from 89 patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders, bipolar disorders or autism. The results revealed satisfactory internal validity and test-retest properties allowing the computation of a total score along with four sub scores (attributional biases, social perception and knowledge, emotional perception and theory of mind). Moreover, the ACSo total score was correlated with other subjective assessments traditionally used in cognitive remediation practice but not with objective neuropsychological assessments of social cognition. In summary, the ACSo is of interest to complete the objective evaluation of social cognition processes with a subjective assessment adapted to people with serious mental illness or autism spectrum disorder.

Crianças institucionalizadas e sintomas depressivos por meio do Rorschach e do CDI / Institutionalized children and depressive symptoms by the Rrorschach and CDI / Niños institucionalizados y sintomas depresivos a través del Rorschach y CDI

Os sintomas depressivos em crianças podem ser sutis e variados. Este estudo investigou sintomas depressivos em crianças institucionalizadas para a adoção, comparando-as com crianças não institucionalizadas, utilizando para isso o método de Rorschach Sistema Compreensivo e o CDI. Participaram do estudo 84 crianças, com idades entre 7 e 11 anos. Para a análise de dados foram utilizados: o teste t de student, a correlação de Pearson e o d de Cohen. Os resultados revelaram que as crianças institucionalizadas se mostraram com mais baixa autoestima, problemas afetivos, ideações suicidas, dificuldade escolar e dificuldade na relação com o outro quando comparadas com as crianças não institucionalizadas. Esses dados sugerem uma possível síndrome depressiva, sendo aconselhável a investigação clínica mais aprofundada para providenciar diagnóstico e tratamento, especialmente nas crianças institucionalizadas. Além disso, foram observadas associações entre as variáveis do Rorschach e CDI. Implicações desses achados e sugestões de pesquisas futuras são apresentadas ao final.

Depressive symptoms in children can be subtle and varied. This study investigated depressive symptoms in institutionalized children for adoption, comparing them with non-institutionalized children, using the Rorschach method Comprehensive System and CDI. Fifty male and female children took part in this study. These children were between seven and eleven years old. For the analysis of data, it was used: Student's t test, Pearson's correlation, and Cohen's d. The results revealed that the institutionalized children showed lower self-esteem, affective problems, suicidal ideation, school difficulties and impairments in the relationship with the other when compared to non-institutionalized children. These data suggest a possible depressive syndrome, and the further clinical investigation is advisable to provide diagnosis and treatment, especially to institutionalized children. In addition, associations were found between the variables of the Rorschach and CDI. Implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are presented at the end.

Los síntomas depresivos en los niños pueden ser sutiles y variados. Este estudio investigó síntomas depresivos en niños institucionalizados para la adopción, comparándolos con niños no institucionalizados, utilizando para ello el método de Rorschach Sistema Comprensivo y el CDI. En el estudio participaron 84 niños, con edades entre 7 y 11 años. Para el análisis de datos se utilizaron: la prueba t de student, la correlación de Pearson y el d de Cohen. Los resultados revelaron que los niños institucionalizados se mostraron con más baja autoestima, problemas afectivos, ideaciones suicidas, dificultad escolar y dificultad en la relación con el otro en comparación con los niños no institucionalizados. Estos datos sugieren un posible síndrome depresivo, siendo aconsejable la investigación clínica más profunda para proporcionar diagnóstico y tratamiento, especialmente en los niños institucionalizados. Además, se observaron asociaciones entre las variables de Rorschach y CDI. Las implicaciones de estos hallazgos y sugerencias de investigaciones futuras se presentan al final.

Investigation and Analysis of Medication Safety among 24 Medical Institutions in Linyi City / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the current situation of medication safety in 24 public medical institutions（referred to as “hospital”） from Linyi city and the differences in medication safety between urban and rural areas. METHODS： ISMP self-assessment scale [including 10 key elements （Ⅰ-Ⅹ，such as “Ⅰ patient’s information” “Ⅱ drug information”）， 20 key characteristics and 270 evaluation projects] developed by Institute of Safe Medication Practices was used to investigate 24 hospitals in Linyi city. The implementation rates of 10 key elements in urban and rural hospitals were analyzed statistically， and the top 10 evaluation projects were listed for the key elements with the lowest implementation rate. The key elements and top 10 evaluation projects with the largest difference in the implementation rate were compared between urban and rural hospitals. Radar maps were used for comparison and analysis intuitively. RESULTS： A total of 24 hospitals were surveyed， including 12 in urban and 12 in rural areas； there were significant differences in the implementation rate of 10 key factors among 24 hospitals； the elements with the highest implementation rate were “Ⅶ environmental factors， workflow and staffing pattern”（56.55％）；the elements with the lowest implementation rate was “Ⅱ drug information” （26.77％）. Among 33 evaluation projects of “Ⅱ drug information”， the implementation rate of No. 36 project （12.50％， related to opioids） was the lowest. Among the implementation rates of 10 key elements in 12 urban hospitals and 12 rural hospitals， the key elements with the greatest difference was “Ⅳ drug label， packaging and naming” （differing by 44.44％，59.72％ vs. 15.28％）； Among“Ⅸ patient education”evaluation project with the greatest gap， there was the greatest difference in No. 199 project （related to patients’ active participation in medication， 58.33％ in urban， 4.17％ in rural）. CONCLUSIONS： The results of medication safety investigation in 24 hospitals from Linyi city show that all the item in each hospital needs to be improved expecially in the implementation of “Ⅱ drug information”. Rural hospitals should strengthen medication education for patients.

"The application of inpatient education platform of internet plus ""317 nursing"" in health education of orthopedic ward" / 中国医学装备

Objective:To explore the role of the inpatient education platform of internet plus 317 nursing that was assistant of health education of nurse in the clinical nursing work.Method: 100 patients with orthopedic disease were divided into observation group (50 cases)and control group (50 cases) as random number table. The patients of observation group received admission education and health education by using internet plus 317 nursing, which was assistant of health education of nurse, while the patients of control group received routine education mode including dictate of cramming mode, blackboard newspaper, propaganda handbook and telephone follow-up and so on. And then the score of anxiety self-assessment scale (SAS) and nursing satisfaction degree between the two groups were compared and analyzed.Result: The scores of SAS of observation group in admission and 7 d later were (49.66±9.126) points and (46.32±7.02) points, respectively, and the scores of them of control group respectively were (48.18±9.260) points and (45.22±6.53) points. And the differences between the two time point in each group were not statistically significant (t=0.805.81,t=0.812,P>0.05). At discharge, the score of observation group (39.08±3.59) points was significantly lower than that of control group (42.86±4.25) points (t=4.81,P<0.05). Besides, the satisfaction degree of observation group was significantly better than that of control group(x2=0.925, P=0.031).Conclusion: The inpatient education platform of internet plus 317 nursing can guide health of patients in time, and quickly solve problems during hospitalization, and reduce the SAS score of patients, and increase the patient's satisfaction degree for clinical nursing quality.

Avaliando pensamentos negativos sobre a carreira: o desenvolvimento de uma medida (EPNC) / Assessing negative thoughts about the career: the development of a measure (EPNC) / Evaluando pensamientos negativos sobre la carrera: desarrollo de una escala (EPNC)

A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo o desenvolvimento de um instrumento para avaliar pensamentos negativos a respeito da carreira. O estudo foi realizado em uma amostra de 848 participantes com idade entre 18 e 25 anos (M = 24,97; DP = 5,22), dos quais 456 pertenciam ao sexo feminino (55,1%). A medida foi construída a partir de material oriundo de outras escalas disponíveis e de entrevistas. A versão final da EPNC proporcionou indicadores de validade e confiabilidade favoráveis ao seu uso, apresentando estrutura fatorial de quatro fatores: Ansiedade e Insegurança de Decisão (AID; ω = 0,91), Pessimismo de carreira (PC; ω = 0.86), Pessimismo de Mercado (PM; ω = 0,78) e Custos para o Sucesso (CS; ω = 0,85).

This research aimed to develop an instrument to assess negative thoughts about the career. The study was performed on a sample of 848 participants aged 18 to 25 (M = 24.97, SD = 5.22), with 456 women (55.1%). The measure was elaborated from other available scales and interviews. The final version of the EPNC presented indicators of validity and reliability favorable to its use, with factorial structure divided into four factors, namely: Anxiety and Decision Insecurity (AID, ω = 0.91), Career pessimism (PC, ω = 0.86), Market Pessimism (PM, ω = 0.78) and Costs for success (CS, ω = 0.85).

Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo el desarrollo un instrumento para evaluar pensamientos negativos respecto a la carrera. El estudio se realizó en una muestra de 848 participantes con edades entre los 18 y los 25 años (M = 24.97, SD = 5.22), siendo que 456 eran mujeres (5.1%). La medida fue construida a partir del material de otras escalas disponibles y entrevistas. La versión final del EPNC presentó indicadores de validez y confiabilidad favorables para su uso, con estructura factorial dividida en cuatro factores, a saber: Ansiedad e Inseguridad de Decisión (AID; ω = 0.91), Pesimismo de carrera (PC; ω = 0.86), Pesimismo de Mercado (PM; ω = 0.78), y los Costos para el éxito (CS; ω = 0.85).

Patients' perspectives on the use of the Montgomery-Asberg depression rating scale self-assessment version in primary care.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study was to better understand how patients with depression perceive the use of MADRS-S in primary care consultations with GPs. DESIGN: Qualitative study. Focus group discussion and analysis through Systematic Text Condensation. SETTING: Primary Health Care, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden. SUBJECTS: Nine patients with mild/moderate depression who participated in a RCT evaluating the effects of regular use of the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Self-assessment scale (MADRS-S) during the GP consultations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Patients' experiences and perceptions of the use of MADRS-S in primary care. RESULTS: Three categories emerged from the analysis: (I) confirmation; MADRS-S shows that I have depression and how serious it is, (II) centeredness; the most important thing is for the GP to listen to and take me seriously and (III) clarification; MADRS-S helps me understand why I need treatment for depression. CONCLUSION: Use of MADRS-S was perceived as a confirmation for the patients that they had depression and how serious it was. MADRS-S showed the patients something black on white that describes and confirms the diagnosis. The informants emphasized the importance of patient-centeredness; of being listened to and to be taken seriously during the consultation. Use of self-assessment scales such as MADRS-S could find its place, but needs to adjust to the multifaceted environment that primary care provides. Key Points Patients with depression in primary care perceive that the use of a self-assessment scale in the consultation purposefully can contribute in several ways. The scale contributes to Confirmation: MADRS-S shows that I have depression and how serious it is. Centeredness: The most important thing is for the GP to listen to and take me seriously. Clarification: MADRS-S helps me understand why I need treatment for depression.

Does wound eversion improve cosmetic outcome?: Results of a randomized, split-scar, comparative trial.

BACKGROUND: Wound edge eversion has been hypothesized to improve aesthetic outcomes after cutaneous wound closure. Data supporting this assertion are sparse. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine if wound eversion, achieved with interrupted subcuticular sutures, improves aesthetic outcome compared with planar closures. METHODS: We undertook a prospective, randomized, split-scar intervention in patients who underwent cutaneous surgery. Half of the wound was randomized to an everted or planar repair; the other side received the opposite one. At 3- and 6-month follow-up, both the patient and 2 blinded observers evaluated the wound using the Patient Observer Self-Assessment Scale (POSAS). RESULTS: The total observer POSAS score for the everted (13.59, 12.26) and planar (12.91, 12.98) sides did not differ significantly at 3 or 6 months, respectively. Similarly, there was not a significant difference in patient assessment between the everted (16.23, 12.84) and planar (15.07, 12.79) sides at 3 or 6 months, respectively. Finally, there was no significant difference between the 2 closure methods in terms of scar height or width at follow-up. LIMITATIONS: This was a single-center trial, which used a validated but still subjective scar assessment instrument. CONCLUSION: Wound eversion was not significantly associated with improved overall scar assessments by blinded observers or patient assessment.

Clientela adulta de serviço psicológico: características clínicas e sociodemográficas / Adult clients of psychological service: clinical and sociodemographic characteristics / Clientes adultos del servicio de psicología: características clínicas y sociodemográficas

No Brasil, é clara a necessidade de que a oferta de serviços de saúde mental vá ao encontro das necessidades e características da população que os procura. Este estudo objetivou caracterizar aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos da clientela adulta da clínica-escola da faculdade de psicologia de uma universidade do Sul do Brasil. Durante o biênio 2009-2010, 577 adultos passaram pelo processo de triagem, dos quais 170 (29,46%) participaram deste estudo. Os participantes eram majoritariamente do sexo feminino (66,5%) e estavam na faixa do ensino superior (47,1%). A faixa etária de 20-29 anos foi a mais prevalente (41,8%). Segundo os resultados do Adult Self-Report, houve maior porcentagem de pessoas classificadas na faixa clínica nas subescalas que avaliam ansiedade, depressão, competência social e problemas familiares e ocupacionais. A coexistência de múltiplas queixas no mesmo paciente foi evidenciada.

In Brazil, there is a clear need for the offer of mental health services meet the needs and the characteristics of the population who seeks them. This study aimed to characterize clinical and demographic aspects of adult clients of a Psychology Clinic School at a university in the southern Brazil. During the 2009-2010 period, 557 adults passed through the process of triage. Of these, 170 (29.46%) participated in the present study. The participants were mostly women (66.5%) and attended college (47.1%). The most prevalent age group was between 20-29 years old (41.8%). The results obtained from the Adult Self-Report showed a higher percentage of individuals classified in the clinical range on the subscales of anxiety, depression, social competence, family and work problems. The co-existence of multiple complains at the same patients was evidenced.

En Brasil, hay una clara necesidad que la oferta de servicios de salud mental de satisfacer las necesidades y las características de la población que los busca. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar los aspectos demográficos y clínicos de los clientes adultos de la escuela clínica de psicología de una universidad del Sur de Brasil. Durante el período 2009-2010, 577 adultos pasaron por el proceso de selección, pero 170 (29,46%) participaron en este estudio. Los participantes eran en su mayoría mujeres (66,5%) y estaban en la universidad (47,1%). El grupo de edad de 20-29 años fue lo más frecuente (41,8%). Los resultados del Adult Self-Report muestran un mayor porcentaje de personas clasificadas en el rango clínico para los problemas de ansiedad, depresión, competencia social y problemas familiares y laborales. La co-existencia de múltiples quejas en el mismo paciente se evidenció.

Comparative study on fatigue characteristics between people with fatigue-predominant sub-health and patients of ulcerative colitis / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To compare the fatigue characteristics between people with fatigue-predominant sub-health and patients with ulcerative colitis.Methods Fatigue Self-assessment Scale (FSAS) was applied in people with fatigue-predominant sub-health and patients with ulcerative colitis.By using the multivariate statistical analysis,the fatigue characteristics of them were analyzed.Results The fatigue characteristics of two groups of people were different.The scores of physical fatigue,mental fatigue,fatigue consequences,total fatigue,reaction of fatigue after sleep and rest,situation of fatigue in people with fatigue-predominant sub-health were 31.06 ± 17.08,24.63 ± 14.50,24.38±13.39,26.36 ± 11.97,30.63 ± 22.70,42.89 ± 21.47,and in patients with ulcerative colitis were 25.60 ± 22.98,17.80 ± 18.44,20.54 ± 18.53,21.20 ± 17.15,18.18 ± 25.47,41.21 ± 25.70.There were statistical differences on the two groups (P ＜ 0.05 ).There were statistical differences between the percents of four degrees ( unconspicuous,mild,moderate,heavy) of physical fatigue,mental fatigue,fatigue consequences between in people with fatigue-predominant sub-health and in patients with ulcerative colitis (P ＜ 0.05 ).There were statistical differences on the percents of five degrees ( no obvious,slightly,less obvious,obvious,very obvious) of unrelieved fatigue after sleep and rest,situation of fatigue between in people with fatigue-predominant sub-health and in patients with ulcerative colitis (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The type,severity of fatigue,and characteristics ( such as unrelieved fatigue after sleep and rest,situation of fatigue) are different between people with fatigue-predominant sub-health and patients with ulcerative colitis.

Fatigue Self-assessment Scale(FSAS) / 中华中医药杂志

Fatigue Self-assessment Scale(FSAS)was developed on the basis of review on the study of fatigue assessment in both China and overseas countries and considering the Chinese culture background.The scale consists of 23 items and is used to assess the type and severity of fatigue(including three subscales of measuring physical fatigue,mental fatigue and the consequences of fatigue) and characteristics of fatigue(including three subscales of measuring responsiveness of fatigue to sleep/rest,the situation specifi city of fatigue and time mode of fatigue) among the people of sub-health and various diseases with fatigue.It may also be used to assess intervention effectiveness of fatigue.