Mapping quantity, composition, and embedded environmental impacts of post-consumer waste in the food service industry in China.

Understanding the current state of food waste is the basis for effective interventions. Based on field research conducted for 133 days, from March to August 2022, and for 25 days in November 2022, totaling 158 days, this study obtained first-hand data on the waste and consumption of 103 food items in ten categories at sample restaurants in different regions and city levels, and of different operation sizes in China. A total of 7759 consumers were part of this study, of whom 10 % them were children. The food delivered to a total of 2538 tables was counted as part of this study, and the average number of people per table in this study was three. The research objective was to measure the quantity, composition, and environmental impacts of post-consumer waste in the food service industry at the national level. It was discovered that: (1) Food waste generated by post-consumers in China totaled 7.57 Mt, or 43.98 g per capita per meal in 2022. (2) Fruit was the most important type of waste at 1.51 Mt. (3) Roots and tubers had the highest food waste rate (53 %). (4) The annual food waste resulted in a carbon footprint of 30.67 Mt CO2-eq, a nitrogen footprint of 393.94 million kilograms (Mkg N), a phosphorus footprint of 53.87 Mkg P, a water footprint of 17.09 million litres, and a land footprint of 4.36 million hectares (Mha).

Risk management of sports service supply chain using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and intelligent neural network.

The sports service supply chain faces various potential risks, such as market fluctuations, logistics issues, and partner uncertainties. To address these risks effectively, this study employs a combination of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) methods and intelligent neural networks to create an innovative risk management framework. By considering diverse uncertainties and leveraging the analytical power of intelligent neural networks, this study aims to optimize the operation of the sports service supply chain and explore the risk factors within the public service supply chain of stadiums. This framework provides policy references to promote the healthy and sustainable development of the sports service industry. The main empirical findings, based on a representative survey of experts in China, are as follows: (1) When determining the weights of risk indicators for managing the public service supply chain of stadiums using the FCE method, the customer risk indicator is of paramount importance, with a weight of 0.286, accounting for 95.2 % of the total significance; and (2) In evaluating various risk indicators of the public service supply chain of stadiums through the neural network method, the customer risk indicator scores the highest, achieving a score of 76.02. Notably, the customer complaint risk indicator scores slightly higher at 79.33. Based on these findings, the study recommends focusing on enhancing customer experience within risk management strategies. Additionally, it suggests strengthening the supervision of platforms and third-party activities to ensure the stability and efficient operation of the stadium service supply chain. This study aims to provide theoretical support and reference indicators for evaluating the public service capabilities of stadiums.

Can integrated safety intervention practices improve sustainable performance? A survey of service organizations.

Despite extensive research on occupational health and safety, the role of safety intervention on performance remains underexplored. Understanding how different integrated safety intervention practices influence sustainable performance could unlock new avenues. This study aimed to investigate the influence of integrated safety intervention practices on economic, social and environmental performance. A survey was conducted in the Zimbabwe service industry and 242 useable responses were obtained. By means of structural equation modelling, we analyzed the effect of management safety intervention, human safety intervention and technical safety intervention on the three dimensions of sustainability. Our findings suggest that safety intervention practices lead to improved sustainable performance. However, the relationship between management safety intervention and sustainable performance is indirect and mediated by human and technical safety intervention. These insights could inform organizations that adopting safety intervention practices is more than compliance with regulations and further shed light on those who are not sure what other benefits besides improving workplace safety can be attained through adopting safety intervention practices.

Effective waste management in service industry: Fuzzy-based modelling approach for strategic decision-making.

Hospitals need to identify issues of greater importance on waste management because the implementation of many different strategies may lead to an unconscious increase in costs. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to define the most effective waste management strategies in the service industry. For this purpose, a novel fuzzy decision-making model is proposed that has two different stages. In this context, six JCI-based indicators are weighted by using sine trigonometric fuzzy Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) methodology. Additionally, a comparative evaluation has also been conducted with sine trigonometric fuzzy Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) technique to check the reliability of the findings. On the other hand, five different strategy alternatives are selected by considering the principles of the integrated waste management hierarchy approach. These items are evaluated by considering sine trigonometric fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity (TOPSIS). On the other side, these factors are also ranked with the help of sine trigonometric fuzzy Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) to test the consistency of the results. The main contribution is that prior strategies can be presented to the hospitals to have appropriate waste management process by defining the most important factors. Criteria weighting and alternative ranking results are the same in all combinations. Therefore, it is seen that the proposed model creates coherent and consistent results. It is defined that efficient storage of waste is the key issue to have effective waste management process. Moreover, 'reduce' is found as the most critical stage of this process.

Does digital technology promote carbon emission reduction in the service industry: Economic logic and empirical evidence from China.

Digital technology enables the service industry to develop rapidly, which also brings about the increase of carbon emissions in the service industry (CESI). How to better integrate the service industry into China's carbon emission reduction model has become an important content that the Chinese government needs to pay attention to. This paper uses the industry-level panel data of the service in 30 provinces of China from 2008 to 2019 to examine the relationship between the degree of digital technology and CESI through theoretical and empirical methods. The results reveal that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between digital technology and CESI, and the effect of digital technology on curbing CESI is limited. Furthermore, the pilot policy of carbon market reduces CESI by 173.17 Mt and CESI per 10,000 people by 0.0065 Mt. Resource differences, regional differences and industrial structure differences bring about heterogeneous impacts. The Chinese government in particular, and the government established by the carbon emission reduction model should pay attention to promoting the digital transformation of the service industry to achieve the carbon emission reduction target, but the digital transformation of the service industry should be carried out in a hierarchical and orderly manner under the coordination of the government.

The influence of knowledge-intensive service industry agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration on regional economy.

Knowledge-intensive service industry has become an important part of social economy, which not only promotes the innovation of modern service industry, but also promotes the upgrading and transformation of manufacturing industry. The agglomeration of knowledge-intensive service industry is not only the inevitable result of economic growth, but also the premise of sustained economic growth. Moreover, China's national economy is transforming from an industrialized economy to a service-oriented and knowledge-based economy, and the importance of knowledge-intensive service industry is increasing day by day. This paper constructs a theoretical framework of the influence of population agglomeration on the economic development of urban agglomerations. The article holds that population agglomeration promotes the economic development of urban agglomerations through the upgrading of industrial structure and the promotion of human capital. In the future, we need to focus on the similarities and differences between population agglomeration and economic development of urban agglomerations in central China, explore the factors of economic development of urban agglomerations, and provide reasonable suggestions for the government to formulate relevant economic policies. This paper, from an innovative research perspective, based on the perspective of population agglomeration, studies the path of its role in regional economic development, which can make up for this defect to some extent. Moreover, the research object has been innovated and the research method has been improved. On the basis of the above, the panel data of the Yangtze River Delta from 2012 to 2021 is selected as the research sample, the location entropy index is taken as the explanatory variable, the regional gross domestic product (GDP) is taken as the explanatory variable, and the rationality of economic theory and the significance of econometric test are considered. Finally, the data are analyzed and tested by regression. The empirical analysis of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration proves the importance of knowledge-intensive service industry agglomeration to regional economic development. Finally, based on the contribution of knowledge-intensive service industry agglomeration to regional economy, the development of knowledge-intensive service industry and the promotion of industrial agglomeration are studied.

The impact of structural upgrading of the service industry on regional ecologicalization efficiency of Industry: Empirical evidence from 30 Chinese provinces.

With the wave of the digital economy and industrial ecological construction, it is more essential for developing countries to focus on improving the structural quality of the service industry rather than just the quantitative aspect of the service industry. This study utilizes panel data from 30 provinces in China and spatial Dubin models to estimate the impact of service industry structure upgrading on industrial ecologicalization efficiency and its spatial effect. Our results reveal that productive and high-end service industries play a vital role in promoting industrial ecological efficiency. At the level of spatial effect, the productive service industry has a negative spatial correlation with the adjacent area, while the effect of the high-end service industry on the adjacent area is not highlighted. This study focuses on clarifying the spatial role of service industry structure upgrading on the improvement of industrial ecological efficiency, further expanding the theory of industrial structure adjustment, and providing insights for developing countries on how to optimize the structure of the service industry and achieve high-quality development of industrial ecologicalization.

Industrial agglomeration, FDI, and carbon emissions: new evidence from China's service industry.

In the context of economic servitization and low carbonization, the problem of carbon emissions in the service industry is worthy of attention. An essential channel for restraining carbon emissions from the service industry is industrial agglomeration. Based on provincial panel data from 2004 to 2021 in China, this study empirically analyzes the influence of the service industry's agglomeration on its CO2 emissions. The findings indicate that agglomeration significantly reduces the industry's carbon emissions. Next, producer services agglomeration has a significant carbon-reduction effect, whereas non-producer services agglomeration does not. Moreover, service industry agglomeration helps to restrain carbon emissions from the service industry in East China. However, it does not significantly affect carbon emissions in Central or West China. Regarding the moderating effect, foreign direct investment can enhance service industry agglomeration's carbon-reduction effect. Based on the results, relevant policy implications are provided.

Digital village construction, human capital and the development of the rural older adult care service industry.

Background: The advancement of digital villages in China is shaped by the degree of human capital within the rural labor force, which not only restricts the potential of digital village but also influences the impact of digital empowerment on the progression of the rural older adult care service industry. Materials and methods: Using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces between 2011 and 2020, we created benchmark and threshold regression models to investigate the influence of digital village construction on the development of the rural older adult care service industry and to delineate the threshold effects of human capital on it. We further scrutinized the correlation between the two systems, along with the factors that affect it, through a coupling coordination model. Results: Preliminary, the baseline regression outcomes show that the digital village construction is conducive to the progression of the rural older adult care service industry (p < 0.05). Moreover, we identified a significant nonlinear threshold relationship between the digital village, human capital, and the advancement of the rural older adult care service industry (HUM1ST, p < 0.05; HUM2DT, p < 0.01; HUM3DT, p < 0.01). These results indicate that the digital technology's effect on the development of the rural older adult care service industry is limited by the rural human capital level. Lastly, we found that higher levels of human capital enhance the coupling of the digital village with the rural older adult care service industry (p < 0.01), with the influence of per capita education level being the most pronounced (CoefHUM1 > CoefHUM2 > CoefHUM3). Conclusion: The digital village substantially empowers the rural older adult care service industry, with human capital exhibiting a significant threshold effect on this empowerment. Furthermore, variances in the level of human capital have a considerable impact on the integration of the digital village and the rural older adult care service industry.

Are we ready for hotel robots after the pandemic? A profile analysis.

COVID-19 has changed many aspects of the hospitality and tourism industry, including technology-oriented and contactless solutions. Despite the increasing number of service companies using robots on their premises, most of the previous attempts and practices of adoption have remained unsuccessful. Prior research hints that socioeconomic factors could influence the successful adoption of these emerging technologies. Nevertheless, these studies ignore the role of profile factors and assume a homogenous response to using robots in service operations during the pandemic. Based on the theory of diffusion of innovation and a sample of 525 participants, this study investigates the differences in customers' attitudes, their level of involvement, and optimism for service robots as well as their intentions to use service robots in the five main areas of hotel operations (front desk, concierge, housekeeping, room service, and food and beverage) based on five profile factors (age, gender, income level, education, and purpose of trip). MANOVA tests show significant differences in all variables based on demographic factors; male, younger, more educated, higher income, and leisure travelers show more positive attitudes, higher involvement, optimism, and intention to use service robots across various hotel departments. In particular, mean scores were found to be smaller for the traditionally human-oriented functional areas of the hotel operations. We also clustered the participants based on their level of comfort and optimism about using service robots in hotels. Given the rapid changes in the service industry and the increasing adoption of service robots, this paper adds a much-needed contribution to the ongoing research on service robots in the service industry by investigating the impact of profile factors on guests' behavior towards service robots.

Analyzing dynamic coupling and coordination of modern service and advanced manufacturing industries in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

Integrating the modern service industry with the advanced manufacturing industry is an important way to cultivate a modern industrial system and achieve high-quality development of economy. This study aims to enhance the supporting and leading role of the Greater Bay Area of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao in China's national economic development and opening up by promoting the in-depth integration of these two industries. A new monitoring system is developed to simulate the level of integration of the modern service and advanced manufacturing industries in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. The dynamic comprehensive evaluation model of stock increment was used to simulate the coupling coordination degree of these two industries. Empirical results reveal that the development of these industries has uneven stock and incremental resource advantages, and their development has not been balanced. The coupling coordination degree of these industries in some areas has become maladjusted, while in other areas, it has fluctuated or developed from coordination to disorderly leap-forward. These findings demonstrate that the study methods and results are significant for analyzing industrial integration processes and promoting in-depth integration development in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. In conclusion, building a monitoring system using the dynamic comprehensive evaluation model of stock increment is an effective way to evaluate the level of integration of these two industries and promote their in-depth integration in the Greater Bay Area.

Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling of the Relationship Among Daily Workplace Incivility, Daily Emotional Exhaustion, Self-Reported Health and Psychological Capital.

This was a daily diary study using intensive longitudinal methods to evaluate the dynamic structure of relationships among employees' self-reported health, psychological capital, daily workplace incivility, and daily emotional exhaustion. We recruited 200 participants working in health and fitness clubs for experience sampling and had them file the same questionnaires for 10 consecutive working days. A total of 179 participants (men = 57, 31.85%; women = 122, 68.15%) completed the questionnaires, with a response rate of 89.5%, leading to 1790 data points at the within-person level. We used a multilevel location-scale model of dynamic structural equation modeling (DSEM) for data analysis. We ran the model in Mplus software (version 8.4) and found an autoregressive 'carry over' relationship between the previous day's emotional exhaustion changes on current emotional exhaustion changes (γ10 = 0.067, CI = [0.003, 0.132]). Daily workplace incivility significantly and positively predicted daily emotional exhaustion at the within-person level (γ20 = 0.953, CI = [0.465, 1.489]). Self-reported health was negatively associated with a person's mean ratings of daily emotional exhaustion (γ20 = -0.256, CI = [0.465, 1.489]) and moderated the strength of the workplace incivility effect on emotional exhaustion (γ21 = -0.201, CI = [-0.292, -0.121]). Finally, psychological capital was negatively related to a person's mean ratings of daily emotional exhaustion (γ02 = -0.240, CI = [-0.377, -0.102]).

Who would rescue the dilemma of Chinese elderly care? An evolutionary game analysis and simulation research on the formalization of the domestic service industry with subsidy policy.

Since China entered the aging society, the surging demand for elderly care and the industrial upgrading of "silver economy" has forced the domestic service industry to face endogenous challenges. Among them, the formalization of the domestic service industry can effectively reduce the transaction costs and risks of actors, innovate the endogenous vitality of the industry, and promote the improvement of elderly care quality through a triangular employment relationship. By constructing a tripartite asymmetric evolutionary game model of clients, domestic enterprises and governmental departments, this study uses the stability theorem of differential equations to explore the influencing factors and action paths of the system's evolutionary stable strategies (ESS), and uses the research data collected from China to assign values to models for simulation analysis. This study finds that the ratio of the initial ideal strategy, the difference between profits and costs, subsidies to clients, and subsidies or punishments for breach of contract to domestic enterprises are the key factors affecting the formalization of the domestic service industry. Subsidy policy programs can be divided into long-term and periodic programs, and there are differences in the influence paths and effects of the key factors in different situations. Increasing domestic enterprises' market share with employee management systems, formulating subsidy programs for clients, and setting up evaluation and supervision mechanisms are efficient ways through which to promote the formalization of the domestic service industry in China. Subsidy policy of governmental departments should focus on improving the professional skills and quality of elderly care domestic workers, and also encourage domestic enterprises with employee management systems at the same time, to expand the scope of service beneficiaries by running nutrition restaurants in communities, cooperating with elderly care institutions, etc.

Stayin' Alive in Little 5: Application of Sentiment Analysis to Investigate Emotions of Service Industry Workers Responding to Drug Overdoses.

The opioid epidemic has increasingly been recognized as a public health issue and has challenged our current legal, social, and ethical beliefs regarding drug use. The epidemic not only impacts persons who use drugs, but also those around them, including people who do not expect to witness an overdose. For example, in the commercial district of Little 5 Points, Atlanta, GA, many service industry workers have become de facto responders to opioid overdoses when a person experiences an opioid-involved overdose in their place of employment. To provide additional insights into >300 pages of interview data collected from service industry workers that have responded to an opioid overdose while at work, we utilized a mixed-methods approach to conduct this sentiment analysis. First, using R version 4.2.1, a data-science based textual analytic approach was applied to the interview data. Using a corpus algorithm, each line of interview text was characterized as one of the eight following sentiments, anger, anticipation, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, surprise, or trust. Once having identified statements that fit into each of these eight codes, qualitative thematic analysis was conducted. The three most prevalent emotions elucidated from these interviews with service industry workers were trust, anticipation, and joy with 20.4%, 16.2%, and 14.7% across all statements, respectively labeled as each emotion. Thematic analysis revealed three themes in the data: (1) individuals have a part to address in the opioid epidemic, (2) communities have many needs related to the opioid crisis, and (3) structural forces create pathways and barriers to opioid overdose response and rescue. This analysis thematically identified roles service industry workers have in addressing the opioid crisis in Atlanta. Similarly, community needs and barriers to responding to an opioid-involved overdose were characterized. Uniquely, this study found key sentiments related to each of these themes. Future research can leverage these findings to inform the development of overdose prevention and response interventions for service industry works that systematically address common emotions and beliefs trainees may have.

Employee Retention in the Service Industry in Malaysia.

This study aims to investigate the effects of work-life balance, work environment, and reward and compensation on employee retention in Malaysia. A total of 400 questionnaires were collected online from employees within the service industry in Malaysia. Partial least square structure equation modeling was used to test the model and hypotheses. The results reveal that work-life balance and work environment had a strong positive effect on employee retention, but reward and compensation had a much stronger positive effect on employee retention. This research provides unique theoretical contributions by investigating these factors in the midst of the COVID-19 outbreak as components of the reciprocal process between employee and employer, and their effects on employee retention. This study also provides vital insights to business organizations to consider designing effective employee retention plans for a successful business.

Transformational Leadership and Psychological Well-Being of Service-Oriented Staff: Hybrid Data Synthesis Technique.

Leaders play a significant role in organizations and their leadership behaviors can either enhance or undermine the well-being of their employees. This study aimed to meta-analyze the relationship between transformational leadership and well-being in the service industry, and how employees' gender and service sector moderated the strength of this relationship. This study used a convergent mixed-method approach. PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, AMED, and Scopus electronic databases were utilized to search for relevant studies. Textual data were analyzed using a text data-mining technique (Leximancer) to determine the relevant themes and concepts. Statistical data were examined through a comprehensive meta-analysis to determine their effect sizes. The qualitative results outline the major themes that emerged: leadership, well-being, and health. The quantitative findings revealed that the perceived well-being of male employees and those working outside of the health-care service sector was positively higher when employees' leaders showed transformational leadership. In general, the findings from the qualitative and quantitative data converge. The findings confirm the positive relationship between transformational leadership and employee well-being. This study also highlights the applicability of a convergent mixed-method approach as a useful methodological strategy when analyzing both lexical and statistical data.

Convergence of green total factor productivity in China's service industry.

With the rising global concern over environment and energy issues, there are many scholars incorporating them into total factor productivity (TFP) analytical framework. This paper aims to outline the dynamic change trend and convergence characteristics of green total factor productivity (GTFP) of 14 sub-sectors in China's service industry. This is of great significance to the coordinated development and green transformation of sub-sectors of China's service industry. This paper commences to gauge and decompose GTFP of China's service industry by cutting-edge epsilon-based measure (EBM) generalizing slacks-based measure (SBM) and radial measure as well as Global Malmquist-Luenberger (GML) productivity index, and to examine the existence of convergence hypothesis in China's service industry. The core conclusions are as follows: (1) the average annual growth rate of GTFP in China's service industry is 1.00%, and there exists heterogeneity for GTFP in different sub-sectors; (2) there are phenomena of σ-convergence, absolute ß-convergence, and conditional ß-convergence in GTFP of China's overall service industry, producer service industry, and consumer-oriented service industry. The main policy suggestions include: increasing investment in green technology innovation of the service industry, formulating more effective industrial development planning and energy policies, and optimizing energy structure and industry structure of the service industry.

Creating and Sustaining Service Industry Relationships and Families: Theorizing How Personal Workplace Relationships Both Build Community and Perpetuate Organizational Violence.

Service industry workers experience challenging labor conditions in the United States, including pay below the minimum wage, expected emotional labor, and harassment. Additionally, in part because they work long shifts in high stress environments in restaurants and bars, many build and form personal workplace relationships (PWRs). In 2021, we interviewed 38 service industry workers and managers during the COVID-19 pandemic where we examined occupational challenges they faced in the state of Texas, USA. Through our interpretive research, this essay showcases our inductive findings on how service industry workers and managers utilize communication to create and sustain PWRs. We identified how some PWRs are sustained through a unique form of occupational identification that cultivates a "service industry family", which we term familial personal workplace relationships (familial PWRs). This extends past organizational communication scholarship on family to consider occupational identification. Furthermore, our research reveals that while PWRs may build communities through care and support, they also perpetuate organizational violence, like sexual harassment and bullying.

Structural factors influencing energy carbon emissions in China's service industry: an input-output perspective.

Existing literatures on energy carbon emissions mainly focus on high-energy industries such as electricity, transportation, and construction, while there are few researches on energy carbon emissions of relatively low-carbon industries such as the service industry. But with the service sector accounting for more than one-half of China's national economy, its carbon emissions are increasingly not negligible. Based on this, we use the structural decomposition model, input-output analysis method, and energy consumption method to study the structural factors influencing energy carbon emissions in China's service industry from 2007 to 2017. The results show that (1) the pressure and space of energy carbon emission reduction of the service industry are still huge in the future. Specifically, in the sample range, although the excessive growth of the energy carbon emissions of the service industry has been alleviated, the proportion of high-carbon energy in the energy carbon emissions of the service industry is still high, and the optimization of the energy consumption structure has not been significantly improved. (2) During the sample period, the energy utilization efficiency of the service industry has been significantly optimized and improved, which leads to the inhibition of the energy intensity effect on the growth of carbon emissions of the service industry. However, it should be noted that the emission reduction effect exerted by the energy intensity effect over time shows a tired trend. Therefore, in the future, the control of energy carbon emissions in the service industry needs to take multiple approaches to work together. (3) Input structure effect, energy structure effect, and final demand effect promote the growth of service industry energy carbon emissions. This also indicates that in the sample range, the service industry as the final demand product has the characteristics of high carbonization, the generalized technological progress of the input structure effect has not been improved, and the energy consumption structure on the supply side of the service industry has not been optimized. Therefore, China's service industry still has great potential for emission reduction from the above three aspects in the future. The research results provide a theoretical analysis basis and practical guidance for more accurate and efficient emission reduction in the service industry from the input-output perspective.

The challenges of COVID-19 control policies for sustainable development of business: Evidence from service industries.

Such large-scale disruptions as the pandemic increase the uncertainty and risk related to business. Therefore, the business continuity management (BCM) has become an essential technical solution for enterprise emergency response. Since the beginning of 2020, the COVID-19 has spread worldwide at an alarming rate causing many threats to sustainable development of the business sector. The decline in consumer demand has hugely impacted service industries, such as wholesale and retail sales, tourism. Enterprise production and operations have faced severe challenges. In this study, we develop a risk factor analysis of BCM under the presence of COVID-19 in China. Based on a statistical survey of 940 enterprises in Hangzhou City, China, this study employs ordinal logistic regression to explore the hindering effect of risk factors introduced by the epidemic on business performance. Then, the interpretive structure model (ISM) is applied to analyze the hierarchical structure of the factors under examination. The key factors influencing the enterprise production and operation during COVID-19 outbreak significantly differ across the sub-sectors of the service industry. Therefore, this paper assesses the resilience of the productive technologies and business models of different industries amid the pandemic. This paper proposes epidemic prevention and control strategy focusing on investment and government regulation to ensure sustainable business development.