ABSTRACT
Abstract The great Brazilian recession was the most marked drop in economic activity in Brazil between the end of the Second World War and the Covid-19 pandemics. This economic crisis may have long lasting and non-anticipated negative consequences on Food Insecurity (FI) and on Subjective Well-Being (SWB). In addition, SWB is increasing linked to the use of Social Networking Services (SNS). The paper used data from World Value Survey (WVS) and logistic and ordered logistic models to empirically test a few hypotheses. The empirical results showed that: FI is negatively correlated with life satisfaction, but not with happiness; FI is unrelated to SNS use as still few people use them and the population groups that suffer from FI insecurity poorly overlap with the one that use SNS daily; SWB had positive relationships with SNS when the use was not very widespread; Associations between SWB and SNS use became negative as SNS use became more widespread.
Resumo A grande recessão brasileira foi a queda mais acentuada na atividade econômica no Brasil entre o final da Segunda Guerra Mundial e a pandemia de Covid-19. Esta crise econômica pode ter consequências negativas duradouras e não antecipadas sobre a insegurança alimentar (IA) e o bem-estar subjetivo (BES). Além disso, o BES está cada vez mais ligado ao uso de serviços de redes sociais (SRS). O artigo utilizou dados da Pesquisa Mundial de Valores (WVS) e modelos logísticos e logísticos ordenados para testar empiricamente algumas hipóteses. Os resultados empíricos mostraram que: IA está negativamente correlacionada com a satisfação com a vida, mas não com a felicidade; IA não está relacionada ao uso de SRS, pois ainda poucas pessoas os utilizam e os grupos populacionais que sofrem de IA pouco se sobrepõem aos que usam SRS diariamente; BES teve relações positivas com SRS quando o uso não era muito disseminado; as associações entre BES e o uso de SRS tornaram-se negativas à medida que o uso de SRS se tornou mais disseminado.
Resumen La gran recesión brasileña fue la más marcada caída de la actividad económica en Brasil entre el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial y la pandemia de COVID-19. Esta crisis económica puede tener consecuencias negativas a largo plazo e imprevistas sobre la inseguridad alimentaria (IA) y el bienestar subjetivo (BES). Además, BES está cada vez más ligado a la popularización de las redes sociales. Con datos de la World Value Survey (WVS) y modelos logísticos y logísticos ordenados se usaron en este artículo para corroborar empíricamente algunas hipótesis. Los resultados mostraron que la IA estaba más asociada a la satisfacción con la vida que a la felicidad, y se correlacionaba de manera negativa con la satisfacción con la vida, pero no con la felicidad. A su vez, la IA no se relacionaba con el uso de redes sociales, ya que la población que sufre de IA se superponen poco con quienes las usan. Por su parte, el BES mostró relaciones positivas con el uso de las redes sociales cuando su uso aún no estaba generalizado, pero las asociaciones entre el BES y el uso de las redes sociales se volvieron negativas a medida que su uso se generalizó.
ABSTRACT
The present study presents psychometric information on a new instrument, the Digital Intimate Partner Violence Questionnaire (DIPVQ), and explores the similitudes and differences between in-person and digital-based abuses (those that involve the use of information and communication technologies [ICTs]). In all, 449 Peruvian students took part in the study (X = 21.2 years; SD = 4.3 years; 73% women). DIPVQ structure was determined by carrying out an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with polychoric correlation matrices and oblique rotation. In-person violence was assessed using the Dating Violence Questionnaire (DVQ) and self-labeling questions (e.g., feeling trapped, afraid, and abused). Relationship satisfaction was assessed using the Perceived Relationship Quality Components-Short Form (PRQC-SF). EFA showed a two-scale structure for the DIPVQ: control-centered cyberabuse (N = 5; control, monitoring, and identity theft; EAP alpha = .96) and damage-centered cyberabuse (N = 7; unwanted sexual contents, blackmailing, and causing debts throughout ICT; Expected-A-Posteriori alpha = .97). DIPVQ had direct relationship to DVQ and self-labeling (p < .001; d = 0.38-1.18), and inverse to PRQC-SF (p = .11; d = .22-.33). Behaviors such as impersonation and monitoring were reported by more than 20% of participants. Online and offline victimization coexist in 42% of cases, while 3.6% of aggressions happened exclusively via ICT. DIPVQ is a valid and reliable measure of digital victimization. The control-centered scale had a higher frequency, although the damage-centered scale had stronger relationship to feeling afraid and abused. While previous literature has classified online aggressions regarding their aesthetic appearance, it seems that their functional value (control vs. hurting) could provide a better framework for understanding these aggressions.