Relação entre apoio social e sono de pessoas idosas cuidadoras em vulnerabilidade social / Relationship between social support and sleep of elderly caregivers in social vulnerability / Relación entre apoyo social y sueño de adultos mayores cuidadores con vulnerabilidad social

Objetivo: analisar a relação entre apoio social e qualidade do sono de pessoas idosas que cuidam de outros idosos em ambiente de vulnerabilidade social. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 65 cuidadores entrevistados por meio de instrumento de caracterização, Índice de Katz, Escala de Lawton e Brody, Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh e Escala de Apoio Social do Medical Outcomes Study, com dados analisados com testes de comparação e de correlação. Resultados: a maioria eram mulheres, cônjuges do idoso cuidado e possuíam sono de má qualidade. Observou-se correlação fraca e inversa entre má qualidade do sono e a dimensão interação social positiva (Rho=-0,27; p=0,028). Identificou-se relação significativa entre: apoio material e disfunção diurna (p=0,034); apoio afetivo e eficiência do sono (p=0,026); interação social positiva e qualidade subjetiva do sono (p=0,001) e disfunção diurna (p=0,008). Conclusão: Quanto maior a interação social positiva, melhor é a qualidade do sono.

Objective: to analyze the relationship between social support and sleep quality of elderly individuals who care for other elderly individuals in a socially vulnerable environment. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted with 65 caregivers interviewed using a characterization instrument, Katz Index, Lawton and Brody Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Scale, with data analyzed using comparison and correlation tests. Results: the majority were women, spouses of the elderly being cared for, and had poor sleep quality. A weak and inverse correlation was observed between poor sleep quality and the positive social interaction dimension (Rho=-0.27; p=0.028). Significant relationships were identified between: material support and daytime dysfunction (p=0.034); emotional support and sleep efficiency (p=0.026); positive social interaction and subjective sleep quality (p=0.001), as well as daytime dysfunction (p=0.008). Conclusion: The higher the positive social interaction, the better the sleep quality.

Objetivo: analizar la relación entre el apoyo social y la calidad del sueño de personas mayores que cuidan de otras personas mayores en entornos socialmente vulnerables. Método: estudio transversal realizado con 65 cuidadores entrevistados mediante un instrumento de caracterización, Índice de Katz, Escala de Lawton y Brody, Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh y Escala de Apoyo Social del Medical Outcomes Study, los datos fueron analizados mediante pruebas de comparación y correlación. Resultados: la mayoría eran mujeres, cónyuges del adulto mayor que recibe el cuidado y tenían mala calidad del sueño. Se observó una correlación débil e inversa entre la mala calidad del sueño y la dimensión de interacción social positiva (Rho=-0,27; p=0,028). Se identificó que había relación significativa entre: apoyo material y disfunción diurna (p=0,034); apoyo afectivo y eficiencia del sueño (p=0,026); interacción social positiva y calidad subjetiva del sueño (p=0,001) y disfunción diurna (p=0,008). Conclusión: Cuanto mayor sea la interacción social positiva, mejor será la calidad del sueño.

"It Made Me Feel Like a Person Again": Benefits of Meals on Wheels-Based Social Connection Programs.

Social isolation and loneliness are associated with negative health outcomes, and these outcomes are exacerbated among older adults who are homebound. To address this issue, Meals on Wheels programs increasingly provide social connection services to clients in addition to home-delivered meals. This descriptive qualitative study examines the impact of three types of social connection programs on the well-being of homebound older adult clients, as well as on the volunteers and staff members who deliver the programs. Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted with 117 clients, volunteers, and staff in six Meals on Wheels social connection programs across the United States indicated that program participation was associated with substantial benefits. Benefits included the development of supportive friendships, reduced feelings of loneliness, and an improved overall sense of well-being. Insights from this study may inform the development, expansion, and sustainability of social connection programs provided by community-based organizations.

Enhancing psychological well-being in college students: the mediating role of perceived social support and resilience in coping styles.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of depression among college students is higher than that of the general population. Although a growing body of research suggests that depression in college students and their potential risk factors, few studies have focused on the correlation between depression and risk factors. This study aims to explore the mediating role of perceived social support and resilience in the relationship between trait coping styles and depression among college students. METHODS: A total of 1262 college students completed questionnaires including the Trait Coping Styles Questionnaire (TCSQ), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), and the Resilience Scale-14 (RS-14). Common method bias tests and spearman were conducted, then regressions and bootstrap tests were used to examine the mediating effects. RESULTS: In college students, there was a negative correlation between perceived control PC and depression, with a significant direct predictive effect on depression (ß = -0.067, P < 0.01); in contrast, negative control NC showed the opposite relationship (ß = 0.057, P < 0.01). PC significantly positively predicted perceived social support (ß = 0.575, P < 0.01) and psychological resilience (ß = 1.363, P < 0.01); conversely, NC exerted a significant negative impact. Perceived social support could positively predict psychological resilience (ß = 0.303, P < 0.01), and both factors had a significant negative predictive effect on depression. Additionally, Perceived social support and resilience played a significant mediating role in the relationship between trait coping styles and depression among college students, with three mediating paths: PC/NC → perceived social support → depression among college students (-0.049/0.033), PC/NC→ resilience → depression among college students (-0.122/-0.021), and PC/NC → perceived social support → resilience → depression among college students (-0.016/0.026). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that trait coping styles among college students not only directly predict lower depression but also indirectly influence them through perceived social support and resilience. This suggests that guiding students to confront and solve problems can alleviate their depression.

Stigma and related influencing factors in brain cancer patients: a cross-sectional study and parallel mediation analysis.

PURPOSE: Patients with brain cancer and painful symptoms of the disease experience heavy pressure and negative inner experiences, leading to a sense of stigma. Therefore, this study assessed the level of stigma in patients with brain cancer and analyzed the risk factors for stigma to analyze the underlying relationships among depression, social support, low self-esteem, and stigma. METHODS: Patients completed the Social Impact Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Herth Hope Index, Social Support Rating Scale, and Self-Perceived Burden Scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify factors independently associated with stigma. Parallel mediation analysis was used to evaluate the mediating role of the relationship between psychoemotional factors and stigma. RESULTS: A multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated significant associations between age (ß = - 0.189, P = 0.002), treatment (ß = 0.184, P = 0.003), self-esteem (ß = - 0.128, P = 0.046), depression (ß = 0.273, P < 0.001), hope (ß = - 0.217, P = 0.003), and self-perceived burden (ß = 0.260, P < 0.001) with brain cancer. It was observed that the social support received by brain cancer patients directly impacted their stigma (total effect, - 0.851, P = 0.001). Additionally, this relationship was influenced by depression and self-esteem through two distinct pathways. CONCLUSION: Increased stigma among brain cancer patients was found to be associated with severe depression, feelings of inferiority, diminished hope, and a heavy perceived burden. The structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that social support negatively influenced stigma through depression and self-esteem. It is imperative to grasp patients' inner needs, implement psychological interventions, and cultivate a cancer-friendly social environment to prevent stigmatization and discrimination based on their patient status.

Social Networks, Social Determinants and Mortality: Western New York Exposures and Breast Cancer (WEB) Study.

BACKGROUND: There are few studies of social support and other social determinants of health after breast cancer (BC) diagnosis and their associations with mortality; results have been inconclusive. Further, it is not known if observed associations are specific to women with BC diagnosis or if associations would be similar among healthy women. METHODS: Women with incident, pathologically confirmed invasive BC, stage I-IV (n = 1012) and healthy frequency age-matched controls (n = 2036), answered a social support questionnaire in prospective follow-up of a population-based case-control study, the Western New York Exposures and Breast Cancer (WEB) Study. At interview, all participants were aged 35-79 years and resident of two counties in Western New York State. Mortality status was ascertained from the National Death Index. Participants were queried regarding the number of their close friends, frequency of seeing them, household size, household income, and marital status. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for BC specific mortality (BC women only) and all-cause mortality were estimated. RESULTS: Lower household income was associated with higher all-cause mortality among women diagnosed with BC (HR 2.48, 95% CI, 1.24-4.97) and similarly among the healthy women (HR 2.63, 95% CI, 1.25-5.53). Number and frequency of seeing friends, marital status, and household size were not associated with mortality, either among BC patients or among healthy women. CONCLUSION: Among both those diagnosed with BC and healthy women, lower income was associated with more than twice the mortality. Marital status, household size, number or frequency of meeting friends were not associated with survival.

The Relationship Between Psychological Pain, Spiritual Well-Being, and Social Support in Turkish Women Undergoing Therapeutic or Elective Abortion.

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between psychological pain, spiritual well-being, and social support among Turkish women undergoing therapeutic or elective abortion. The cross-sectional study was conducted with 342 women who were hospitalized in the gynecology and obstetrics service of a city hospital between March 2021 and December 2022 in Turkey. The mean psychological pain, spiritual well-being and perceived social support scores of women undergoing therapeutic/elective abortion were 26.96 ± 11.21, 110.72 ± 13.09 and 64.09 ± 15.62, respectively. There were a significant negative correlation between psychological pain with spiritual well-being and social support. According to linear regression analysis, spiritual well-being, social support, age, employment status, economic level, history of abortion, number of abortion, current abortion type, and gestational week were statistically significant predictive factors of psychological pain. Therefore, healthcare providers can provide individualized psychosocial-spiritual care and counseling services that decrease psychological pain in women after therapeutic or elective abortion.

Discharge Readiness and Associated Factors Among Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After Stent Implantation: A Cross-Sectional Single Center Study.

Aim: The aim of this study is to describe the readiness of hospital discharge of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) who have undergone coronary stent implantation and explore its influencing factors. Methods: This is a cross sectional single center study. Convenient sampling was used to select patients who underwent coronary stent implantation in the Cardiovascular Department of a tertiary hospital in Chengdu from October 2021 to April 2022 as the research subjects. Data were collected using the General Information Questionnaire, which included domains such as uncertainty in illness, the quality of discharge teaching, perceived social support, and health locus of control. The Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS) was used to assess readiness for hospital discharge. Multiple regression adjusted for relevant confounders was used to determine the associations. Results: A total of 276 questionnaires were distributed, and 263 valid questionnaires were collected. The average item score of RHDS is 7.66 ± 1.13. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the influential factors of RHDS of patients who underwent coronary stent implantation included: deliver skill (ß = 0.43), marital status (ß = 0.12), living alone (ß = -0.14), inconsistency (ß = -0.22) and household income per capita (ß = -0.12) (all P<0.05). The RHDS score of patients with CHD after coronary stent implantation were at a moderate level. Conclusion: Discharge readiness was significantly associated with delivery skill, marital status, living alone, inconsistency of information, and household income per capita. The present study highlights the need for improved educational interventions and tailored discharge planning.

Social Support, Diet, and Physical Activity among Latina/Hispanic Women Breast Cancer Survivors.

Diet and physical activity guidelines for cancer survivorship are less likely to be followed by populations of minority cancer survivors, such as Latina/Hispanic women, compared to non-Hispanic White women. It is important to understand psychosocial mechanisms that may increase adherence to healthy lifestyle habits, especially in populations at risk for poorer cancer outcomes. This cross-sectional study examined the relationships between overall social support (SS) and SS from three sources (family, friends, and significant other) with diet (fruit and vegetables, fat, energy density, and diet quality), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) behaviors in Latina/Hispanic women with a history of breast cancer (n = 85; M age = 55.2; SD = 9.2). Linear regression models and odds ratios were used to examine associations and adjusted for age, income, and acculturation. Family, significant other, and total SS were positively related to total fruit and vegetable intake but SS from friends was not. Higher levels of SS from all sources were each related to a low energy density diet. A higher quality diet was only related to SS from family. SS was not related to fat intake or MVPA. Higher SS from family and a significant other were associated with higher odds of meeting the fruit/vegetable guidelines; (family, OR = 3.72, 95% CI [1.21, 11.39]; significant other, OR = 3.32, 95% CI [1.08, 10.30]). Having more SS from family or a significant other may contribute to Latina/Hispanic women breast cancer survivors meeting national guidelines for a diet high in fruits and vegetables and low in energy density.

Factors influencing late antenatal care of Muslim pregnant women: A predictive correlational study in Aceh, Indonesia.

Background: Late antenatal care (ANC) has significant implications for maternal and infant morbidity and mortality among Muslim pregnant women in Indonesia. Existing literature has primarily focused on gestational weeks at the first ANC contact, with limited attention to the total number of ANC visits. Objective: This study aimed to explore the factors predicting late antenatal care contact among Muslim pregnant women, including the gestational weeks of the first ANC contact and the total number of ANC visits in Aceh, Indonesia. Methods: A predictive correlational study design was utilized. Eighty postpartum women who received late ANC were purposively sampled and included in the study. Data were collected in May 2023 using ANC knowledge, beliefs, and social support questionnaires. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Spearman's rank correlation, Chi-Square tests, and binary logistic regression with the enter method. Results: Pregnant women residing farther from home to ANC services were more likely to have their first ANC contact after 20 weeks than those with a shorter distance (AOR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02-1.10; p = 0.007). Additionally, women with a history of multiple abortions were more inclined to have four or more ANC visits compared to those with fewer abortions (AOR = 6.78; 95% CI: 1.64-28.09; p = 0.008). Conclusion: Distance from home to healthcare services emerged as a significant barrier to ANC contact, while a history of abortion appeared to motivate pregnant women to seek ANC more frequently. To address these issues effectively, nurses should consider implementing telemedicine services for ANC provision, integrating information on pregnancy complications to better support pregnant women in their care journey.

Multidimensional impact of sport types on the psychological well-being of student athletes: A multivariate investigation.

The correlation between sports participation and psychological well-being is well-documented, revealing a complex interplay influenced by competition level and cultural context. This is particularly relevant in Korea, where the university sports culture significantly impacts student life. This study evaluates how competitive versus non-competitive sports affect Korean university students' psychological well-being using a quantitative approach with SmartPLS 4 for multi-group analysis. Findings reveal that competitive sports significantly enhance mental toughness and stress management through structured coping mechanisms and robust social support, improving coping strategy effectiveness by 34 % compared to non-competitive sports. Conversely, participants in non-competitive sports experience greater general well-being with a 40 % higher use of informal support. These insights suggest that university sports programs could benefit from targeted interventions incorporating specific coping strategies and social support frameworks tailored to the competitive context. This research underscores the need for precise stress management techniques and resilience-building exercises in sports curricula to optimize psychological well-being across different sports environments in Korean universities.

Ostracism Predicting Suicidal Behavior and Risk of Relapse in Substance Use Disorders.

INTRODUCTION: The present study investigated the predictive relationship between ostracism and suicidal behaviors in individuals with substance use disorders. It also attempts to highlight the mediating role of the risk of relapse between ostracism and suicidal behavior. METHODS: The study was based on a cross-sectional survey design. The sample comprised 100 men aged between 30 to 45 years (M = 35.25, SD = 3.06) from Karachi. The purposive sampling technique was employed. The study employed demographic forms and three self-reporting measures: the Ostracism Experience Scale (OES-A), the Advance Warning of Relapse Questionnaire 3.0 (AWARE), and the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R). RESULTS: Ostracism significantly predicted relapse risk and suicidal behavior. Risk of relapse positively predicted both dimensions of ostracism (ignored: r = 0.33, p < 0.01; excluded: r = 0.43, p < 0.01) and suicidal behavior (r = 0.35, p < 0.01). Additionally, the risk of relapse strongly correlated with overall ostracism score (r = 0.43, p < 0.01). However, no significant mediating effect of ostracism on suicidal behavior was found. The effect was mediated through the risk of relapse (B indirect = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.04, 0.23). These findings suggest that ostracism increases the likelihood of recurrence, which in turn is associated with suicidal behavior. The mediation model explained 17% of the variation in suicidal behavior. CONCLUSION: The findings propose the importance of addressing ostracism as a risk factor for suicidal behavior and relapse in substance use disorders. The results suggest that reducing the adverse effects of ostracism and improving social support for individuals can have a significant impact on their mental health.

The impact of physical activity on social anxiety among college students: the chain mediating effect of social support and psychological capital.

Objective: As a topic of widespread concern in the fields of mental health and public health, social anxiety has many negative impacts on the physical and mental health of contemporary college students. Therefore, this study aims to provide new ideas for solving the problem of social anxiety among college students by exploring the potential mediating role of social support and psychological capital in the relationship between physical activity and social anxiety. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 874 college students from five universities in Shandong Province. Various self-report tools such as physical activity rating scale, social support scale, positive psychological capital scale, and social anxiety scale were used to collect information needed for this study. Related data. Use this to conduct descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and mediation effect analysis. Results: The results showed that physical activity was significantly positively correlated with college students' social support (r = 0.354, p < 0.01) and psychological capital (r = 0.448, p < 0.01), and social support was significantly positively correlated with psychological capital (r = 0.556, p < 0.01), the above three are significantly negatively correlated with social anxiety (r = -0.326, -0.381, -0.432, p < 0.01); the mediation effect analysis shows that physical activity has a significant direct effect on college students' social anxiety The effect value is -0.136, accounting for 43.31% of the total effect; social support and psychological capital both play a separate mediating role between physical activity and social anxiety among college students, with effect values of -0.064 and -0.073 respectively, accounting for the total effect. 20.38, 23.25%, and also played a chain intermediary role, with an effect value of -0.041, accounting for 13.05% of the total effect. Conclusion: Current research shows that physical activity can not only directly reduce social anxiety among college students, but also indirectly alleviate social anxiety among college students by increasing the level of social support and psychological capital. This has important reference significance for helping college students in China and even around the world overcome social anxiety.

Assessing the current situation and the influencing factors affecting perceived stigma among older patients after leukemia diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: Psychological problems are becoming increasingly prominent among older patients with leukemia, with patients potentially facing stigmatization after diagnosis. However, there is limited research on the stigma experienced by these patients and the factors that may contribute to it. AIM: To investigate the stigma faced by older patients after being diagnosed with leukemia and to analyze the potential influencing factors. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted using clinical data obtained from questionnaire surveys, interviews, and the medical records of older patients with leukemia admitted to the Hengyang Medical School from June 2020 to June 2023. The data obtained included participants' basic demographic information, medical history, leukemia type, family history of leukemia, average monthly family income, pension, and tendency to conceal illness. The Chinese versions of the Social Impact Scale (SIS), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to assess indicators related to stigma, social support, and mental health status. We used Pearson's correlation coefficient to analyze the strength and direction of the relationship between the scores of each scale, and regression analysis to explore the factors related to the stigma of older patients with leukemia after diagnosis. RESULTS: Data from 120 patients with leukemia aged 65-80 years were analyzed. The total score on the SIS and PSSS was 43.60 ± 4.07 and 37.06 ± 2.87, respectively. The SAS score was 58.35 ± 8.32 and the SDS score was 60.58 ± 5.97. The stigma experienced by older leukemia patients was negatively correlated with social support (r = -0.691, P < 0.05) and positively correlated with anxiety and depression (r = 0.506, 0.382, P < 0.05). Age, education level, smoking status, average monthly family income, pension, and tendency to conceal illness were significantly associated with the participants' level of stigma (P < 0.05). Age, smoking status, social support, anxiety, and depression were predictive factors of stigmatization among older leukemia patients after diagnosis (all P < 0.05), with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.644 and an adjusted R2 of 0.607. CONCLUSION: Older patients commonly experience stigmatization after being diagnosed with leukemia. Factors such as age, smoking status, social support, and psychological well-being may influence older patients' reported experience of stigma.

Prevalence of Four Types of Social Support and Their Relation to Mental Health among low-income U.S. Veterans: Implications for Community Health.

To provide a comprehensive examination of different types of social support and associations with mental health among U.S. military veterans, a group vulnerable to psychosocial dysfunction. Using a nationally representative sample of 1,004 low-income U.S. veterans, this study examined the prevalence and mental health correlates of emotional, informational/tangible, positive social interaction, and affectionate social support. In the sample, 49-60% of participants perceived the four types of social support "most of the time" with the lowest prevalence being positive social interaction and the highest being affectionate support. Multivariable analyses found higher levels of all four types of social support were significantly associated with being married and greater mental health functioning. Some types of social support were uniquely associated with income level and positive screens for specific psychiatric disorders. Low social support is common among low-income U.S. veterans, and there is a need for community health interventions that target different types of social support to improve mental health and community integration.

Exploring a mother's engagement in team sport: An application of an extended theory of planned behaviour.

OBJECTIVES: Mothers of young children are at-risk for low physical activity. Organised team sport provides additional social and mental health benefits above that of physical activity. To better understand engagement in team sport, this study aimed to apply the theory of planned behaviour, with the addition of maternal identity and social support. DESIGN: A prospective two-part online study was conducted two weeks apart to collect data from 122 mothers in Australia (M = 32.22, SD = 4.42). METHODS: Two hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to predict intention and engagement in team sports. A moderation was conducted to determine the effect of social support on the intention-behaviour relationship. RESULTS: Results indicated that 65.1 % of the variance in intention was explained, with years since previously played (ß = -0.17), attitudes (ß = 0.20), subjective norms (ß = 0.41), and perceived behavioural control (ß = 0.16) being significant, and level of team sport social support, and maternal identity being non-significant. Additionally, 65.7 % of the variance in behaviour was explained, with perceived behavioural control (ß = 0.28) and intention (ß = 0.50) being significant, and years since previously played and social supportbeing non-significant. Social support moderated the relationship between intention and engagement, such that social support facilitated engagement. CONCLUSIONS: The findings show support for the predictive ability of the theory and mothers within a sporting context. Behaviour change techniques related to strengthening intention and personal agency could be used to inform interventions intending to increase team sports participation.

Social support, mental health, academic coping, and perceptions of teaching quality during COVID-19: A cross-lagged panel model of university students in Israel.

Although social support is strongly related to college students' mental health in the context of COVID-19, little is known about the academic mechanisms that explain and influence this relationship. This knowledge gap limits our ability to create effective interventions. Our current study extends the previous research by using longitudinal data from 2020 to 2021 and leveraging a unique panel dataset from over 1,500 university students in Israel. By using a cross-lagged panel model, we examine how the relationship between social support and mental health is partially explained by academic coping, as well as how these relationships differ across perceived teaching quality. We find that academic coping partially explains the relationship between social support and depression for students who perceived higher-quality instruction but not for students who perceived lower-quality instruction. Moreover, these relationships are not apparent for anxiety, suggesting that anxiety may relate to out-of-school considerations like pandemic-related health concerns and hardships. We close with implications for policy and practice.

Family Environment, Social Support, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adolescents Following Kidney Transplant.

BACKGROUND: Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for pediatric end-stage renal disease. Transplant recipients often have better neurocognitive, academic, and health-related outcomes. While there is some evidence that health-related quality of life (HRQOL) improves following kidney transplant, other studies have found adolescent transplant recipients report lower overall HRQOL than healthy peers. Current research has focused on individual-level factors affecting adjustment to organ transplant, warranting examination of HRQOL from a systems perspective. Family environment and social support contribute to a system of proximal relationships that are crucial in adolescents' development, making them important factors to study in relation to HRQOL post-transplant. METHODS: The current study utilized archival data of adolescent renal transplant patients who completed surveys about their family environment, social support, and HRQOL during routine transplant clinic visits. RESULTS: Family cohesion, as well as social support from parents, classmates, and people in school, were positively correlated with HRQOL. Social support from people in school uniquely predicted variance in HRQOL, beyond the contribution of overall family environment after controlling for demographic factors. Relative to comparable adolescent samples, transplant recipients reported more optimal overall family environment, greater social support from teachers, and lower social support from close friends. CONCLUSION: Psychosocial interventions for adolescent kidney transplant recipients may be enhanced by collaborating with school professionals and further bolstering strengths in the family environment. Kidney transplant recipients may benefit from long-term intervention, as decreased HRQOL appears to persist years post-transplant.

Applying Kumpfer's resilience framework to understand the social adaptation process of the trailing parents in China.

BACKGROUND: Trailing parents, a distinct group emerging from China's rapid social change and urbanization, are experiencing migration in old age, posing challenges for their social adaptation. Existing research has mainly focused on the hardships faced by this group, but few studies have focused on how they cope with change and achieve some degree of successful social adaptation. This study aimed to understand the coping and social adaptation process of trailing parents in China. METHODS: This study used a qualitative research approach. A total of 24 trailing parents were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview and share their experiences and efforts to cope with the many challenges. Kumpfer's resilience framework was used as the theoretical framework for the study design, data collection, and data analysis. RESULTS: This study identified several intra-family and community stressors that trailing parents may face when moving to a new environment and uncovered five key resilience characteristics that may be triggered or fostered in the presence of these stressors, including physical fitness, psychological stability, open-mindedness, learning ability, and nurturing hobbies. Individuals with resilience traits have been observed to engage in positive cognitive processing and transform the new environment. Consistent with Kumpfer's resilience framework, this study revealed the dynamics of the stressors faced by trailing parents in the new environments, the role of resilience characteristics, and the critical influence of social support in shaping the interplay between the individual and the environment that enabled them to adapt positively. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the importance of fostering resilience traits and leveraging positive coping mechanisms to facilitate a smoother adaptation process for trailing parents. Meanwhile, there is an urgent need to focus on creating opportunities that strengthen their social support networks.

Community-Derived Recommendations for Improving Gender Affirmation of Black and Latine Transgender/Nonbinary Youth.

BACKGROUND: Gender affirmation is a process by which gender-diverse individuals are supported in their gender identity. Parents are critical in how gender-diverse youth, including Black and Latine transgender/nonbinary youth (BLTY), access various forms of gender affirmation-for example, social and medical transition. Culturally relevant supports are needed to bolster how BLTY and their parents navigate gender affirmation. PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore recommendations for aiding BLTY and parents in navigating the youth's gender journey. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents of BLTY, BLTY, and BLT young adults (BLTYAs) recruited from clinics, community organizations, and social media. Interviews focused on gender affirmation and recommendations to promote BLTY's gender affirmation. Primary and secondary analysts coded transcripts using a priori and emergent codes. For this analysis, excerpts pertaining to recommended supports were analyzed to identify themes. RESULTS: Ten parents of BLTY, 10 BLTY (14-18 years), and 23 BLTYAs (18-30 years) participated. Participants provided recommendations at different socio-ecological levels. On the societal level, participants recommended improvements in media representation of racial and ethnic minority gender-diverse individuals. For organizations, participants recommended more clinicians who shared minoritized identities, clinicians knowledgeable in gender-affirming care, affordability of gender-affirming services, and school-based education regarding gender diversity. On interpersonal/individual levels, they suggested culturally informed peer support among BLTY and parents, including support groups, peer mentors, and camps with individuals who share their minoritized identities. CONCLUSIONS: Participants provided salient insights to supporting gender affirmation of BLTY, which can inform intervention development for BLTY and their families.

Black and Latine transgender/nonbinary youth (BLTY) have multiple minoritized identities as they are both racial/ethnic minorities and are gender diverse. These youth face unique challenges in being supported in their gender identity, and their parents face barriers to supporting their gender journey. Unfortunately, approaches to assisting BLTY and their parents in navigating this journey are poorly understood. We interviewed 10 BLTY, 10 related parents of the BLTY, and 23 Black and Latine transgender/nonbinary young adults (BLTYAs) recruited from clinics, community organizations, and social media. In this study, we explored their recommendations for better supporting and affirming BLTY. These recommendations targeted different areas of BLTY's lives. On a broader societal level, participants advocated media representation of gender-diverse individuals of color. For medical and mental health organizations, participants recommended more clinicians knowledgeable in supporting gender-diverse youth and more clinicians who share similar backgrounds with BLTY. For interpersonal and individual relationships, they recommended peer support groups and mentors for BLTY and parents of BLTY. These comprehensive recommendations from BLTY, parents, and BLTYAs can be implemented to better support BLTY in their gender identity through culturally based interventions in different domains.

Social support and economic conditions among older migrants in India: do distance, duration, and streams of migration play a role in later life?

BACKGROUND: Being older and having a migrant feature might cause a double risk of vulnerability in poor economic, social support, and health status at the place of destination. This study examines the association of migration on the social support and economic condition of older persons in India. METHODS: Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave-I (2017-2018) data with total samples of 66,156 older adults aged 45 + with 30,869 and 35,287 male and female samples, respectively, used in this study. Descriptive and bivariate analyses have been performed to examine the pattern of older migrants, and multinomial logistic regression analysis has been used to establish the associations between migration, social support, and economic condition. RESULTS: Over half (57.5%) of the population aged 45 + in India had migrant characteristics; 80% migrated before 25 years. Of all migrants, about 90% migrated within one state (Intrastate), and 9% migrated to another (Interstate). The association between social support and migration by distance and the adjusted result showed that immigrants were less likely to have medium [RRR = 0.56 (CI; 0.46-0.68)] and high [RRR = 0.39 (CI; 0.30-0.50)] social support. The interstate migrants were also less likely to have high [RRR = 0.90 (CI; 0.83-0.98)] social support. The migrants with 0-9 years of duration were less likely to have high social support, and the urban to rural stream migrants were more likely to have high social support. The association between economic status and migration by distance and the adjusted result showed that more affluent immigrants were likelier to have [RRR = 1.41 (CI; 1.14-1.73)] better economic conditions than affluent non-migrants. Migrants with 0-9-year duration and urban to rural stream were found to be likelier to have better economic conditions. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that distance, duration, and migration stream have a significant association with social support and economic conditions in later life. In exploring migration's effect on social and economic status, policymakers should prioritize migrants in their agenda to maintain socio-economic and social support for older persons in India to achieve the sustainable goal of active and healthy ageing.