ABSTRACT
Objetiva-se analisar a situação de saúde mental de 48 municípios nordestinos que registram a presença de comunidades quilombolas e de assentamentos de reforma agrária em seus territórios, considerando as condições de vida, a oferta de serviços de saúde e o perfil de morbimortalidade em saúde mental. São articulados aspectos de gênero, classe e raça para compreender a produção de iniquidades em saúde nesses territórios. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, realizado a partir de análise quantitativa com dados secundários coletados de diferentes bases disponíveis em domínio público. Observa-se o entrecruzamento e a combinação de fatores que influenciam a situação de saúde mental de municípios com populações do campo e da floresta: a precariedade nas condições de vida e trabalho, retaguarda insuficiente de serviços de atenção psicossocial e desigualdades étnico-raciais e de gênero da morbimortalidade psiquiátrica.
This descriptive study sought to analyze the mental health status of 48 Northeastern municipalities in Brazil with quilombola communities and agrarian reform settlements in their territories, considering the living conditions, health service supply and the profile of morbidity and mortality in mental health. Gender, class and race aspects are articulated to understand the production of health inequities in these territories. By means of a quantitative analysis based on secondary data collected from different open databases, the research unveiled the intersection and combination of factors that influence the mental health status of municipalities with rural and forest populations: the precariousness of living and working conditions, insufficient support from psychosocial care services, and ethnic-racial and gender inequalities in psychiatric morbidity and mortality.
Cette recherche descriptive visait à analyser l'état de santé mentale dans 48 municipalités du Nord-Est brésilien ayant des communautés quilombolas et des établissements de réforme agraire sur leur territoire, en tenant compte des conditions de vie, de l'offre de services de santé et du profil de morbidité et de mortalité en matière de santé mentale. Les aspects de genre, de classe et de race sont articulés pour comprendre la production d'inégalités en matière de santé dans ces territoires. À partir d'une analyse quantitative basée sur des données secondaires recueillies dans différentes bases de données dans le domaine public, on dévoile l'intersection et la combinaison de facteurs qui influencent l'état de santé mentale dans les communes à population rurale et forestière : la précarité des conditions de vie et de travail, le soutien insuffisant des services de soins psychosociaux et les inégalités ethniques, raciales et de genre en matière de morbidité et de mortalité psychiatriques.
El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la situación de la salud mental en 48 municipios del Nordeste de Brasil que tienen comunidades quilombolas y asentamientos de reforma agraria en sus territorios, en cuanto a las condiciones de vida, la oferta de servicios de salud y el perfil de morbimortalidad en salud mental. Se articulan los aspectos de género, clase y raza para comprender la producción de las desigualdades sanitarias en estos territorios. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, que aplicó el análisis cuantitativo a los datos secundarios recogidos de diferentes bases de datos disponibles en el dominio público. Se observan el entrecruzamiento y la combinación de factores que influyen en la situación de la salud mental en los municipios con poblaciones rurales y de la floresta: la precariedad en las condiciones laborales y de vida, el insuficiente apoyo de los servicios de atención psicosocial y las desigualdades étnico-raciales y de género en la morbimortalidad psiquiátrica.
ABSTRACT
Background. Halfway houses (HwH) may support community reintegration of mental health care users and can be effective in meeting occupational needs of residents. However, they are not optimally used in South Africa. Purpose. This study aimed to improve the functioning of a HwH so that it better meets occupational needs of the resident mental health care users. It draws on Doble & Santha (2008); seven occupational needs. Method. A four-phase Participatory Action Research methodology was used. We conducted thematic analysis to describe met and unmet needs within PAR phases. Findings. Occupational needs of accomplishment, renewal, pleasure and companionship were being met. However, coherence, agency and affirmation needs were not being met. An additional occupational need for interdependence, based on the African ethic of Ubuntu, was identified. Implications. HwH functioning affected residents' experiences of health and wellbeing. Engagement in collective occupations can contribute to meeting the occupational need of interdependence.
Subject(s)
Halfway Houses , Occupational Therapy , Humans , Interpersonal Relations , Mental HealthABSTRACT
ABSTRACTResearch on underutilization patterns of mental health services among older Chinese immigrants is limited, partly due to the absence of translated, psychometrically sound measures for assessing attitudes towards seeking help. In this study we interviewed 200 older Chinese Canadian immigrants using a translated version of the Inventory of Attitudes Toward Seeking Mental Health Services scale (IASMHS), and assessed mental health care utilization over the past 12 months and intentions to seek help. Confirmatory factor analysis failed to replicate the original three-factor structure; thus, we used exploratory factor analysis to create a 20-item Chinese version, the C-IASMHS. It had acceptable internal consistency and was positively correlated with intentions to seek help. The Help-Seeking Propensity subscale had the strongest psychometric properties whereas the Psychological Openness subscale performed poorly based on factor analysis results and unacceptable internal consistency. Future research should focus on the conceptual equivalence of psychological openness among Chinese older adults.
Subject(s)
Help-Seeking Behavior , Mental Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/ethnology , Aged , Asian People/psychology , Asian People/statistics & numerical data , Attitude to Health/ethnology , Canada , China/ethnology , Emigrants and Immigrants , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Humans , Mental Disorders/therapy , Middle Aged , Psychometrics , Surveys and Questionnaires , TranslationsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: This article examines the potential modifications of care indicated to engage migrant and refugee families in making use of needed mental health services for their children in Canada and the role psychiatrists can play in this process. METHOD: The clinical and consultative role of the members of the Transcultural Child Psychiatry Service at the Montreal Children's Hospital is used as a model. This model has been useful in engaging both migrant families and local front line service providers to work with each other in a collaborative manner. RESULTS: Important aspects to be considered in these cases are: Modifications in obtaining access to care; Issues of communication (i.e., the use of interpreters); Addressing cultural differences in understanding and responding to a child's difficulties; recognizing the plasticity of culture; Collaboration with colleagues in hospitals and with professionals in the community. CONCLUSIONS: New models of care, involving increased collaboration between professionals, need to be devised to facilitate the mental health care of immigrant and refugee children and their families.
