ABSTRACT
The age of the seedlings in the transplant, as well as the use of biostimulants in their production, are factors that can influence the good quality of the seedlings, which is fundamental for the good development of the plant, and can affect the yield of the tomato crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate plant development and fruit yield according to the age of tomato seedlings, during transplantation, whether or not treated with the Stimulate® biostimulant. The hybrid H9553 was used, and the experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with four replications, and ten plants were evaluated, per plot. The factorial scheme 2 x 6 was adopted, where 2 corresponds to the use or not of Stimulate®, and 6 corresponds to the age of the seedlings, in the transplant. Before transplantation, the height of the seedling, length of the root, stem diameter, number of leaves, fresh and dry mass of the aerial part and the root were evaluated at 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 days after sowing. At 78 days after transplantation, the length of the main stem, stem diameter, number of fruits per plant, total fruit mass per plant and average fruit mass were evaluated. Seedlings with seventy days show superior results for the morphological characteristics, however, this does not interfere in the yield of the culture. The use of Stimulate®, alone or in interaction with the age of the seedlings, does not influence plant growth or fruit yield.
A idade das mudas no transplante, bem como o uso de bioestimulantes em sua produção, são fatores que podem influenciar na boa qualidade das mudas, fundamental para o bom desenvolvimento da planta, podendo afetar o rendimento da cultura do tomate. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar desenvolvimento da planta e o rendimento de frutos em função da idade das mudas de tomateiro, no transplante, tratadas ou não com o bioestimulante Stimulate®. Foi utilizado o híbrido H9553, e o experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, e avaliadas dez plantas, por parcela. Foi adotado o esquema fatorial 2 x 6, onde 2 corresponde ao uso ou não de Stimulate®, e 6 corresponde à idade das mudas, no transplante. Antes do transplante avaliou-se a altura da muda, comprimento da raiz, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, massa fresca e seca da parte aérea e da raiz, aos 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 e 70 dias após a semeadura. Aos 78 dias após o transplante avaliou-se o comprimento da haste principal, diâmetro do caule, número de frutos por planta, massa total dos frutos por planta e massa média dos frutos. Mudas com setenta dias apresentam resultados superiores para as caraterísticas morfológicas, porém, isso não interfere no rendimento da cultura. O uso do Stimulate®, isoladamente ou em interação com a idade das mudas, não influencia no crescimento das plantas ou no rendimento de frutos.
Subject(s)
Fertilizers/adverse effects , Solanum lycopersicum/growth & development , Solanum lycopersicum/economics , Solanum lycopersicum/chemistryABSTRACT
The age of the seedlings in the transplant, as well as the use of biostimulants in their production, are factors that can influence the good quality of the seedlings, which is fundamental for the good development of the plant, and can affect the yield of the tomato crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate plant development and fruit yield according to the age of tomato seedlings, during transplantation, whether or not treated with the Stimulate® biostimulant. The hybrid H9553 was used, and the experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with four replications, and ten plants were evaluated, per plot. The factorial scheme 2 x 6 was adopted, where 2 corresponds to the use or not of Stimulate®, and 6 corresponds to the age of the seedlings, in the transplant. Before transplantation, the height of the seedling, length of the root, stem diameter, number of leaves, fresh and dry mass of the aerial part and the root were evaluated at 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 days after sowing. At 78 days after transplantation, the length of the main stem, stem diameter, number of fruits per plant, total fruit mass per plant and average fruit mass were evaluated. Seedlings with seventy days show superior results for the morphological characteristics, however, this does not interfere in the yield of the culture. The use of Stimulate®, alone or in interaction with the age of the seedlings, does not influence plant growth or fruit yield.(AU)
A idade das mudas no transplante, bem como o uso de bioestimulantes em sua produção, são fatores que podem influenciar na boa qualidade das mudas, fundamental para o bom desenvolvimento da planta, podendo afetar o rendimento da cultura do tomate. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar desenvolvimento da planta e o rendimento de frutos em função da idade das mudas de tomateiro, no transplante, tratadas ou não com o bioestimulante Stimulate®. Foi utilizado o híbrido H9553, e o experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, e avaliadas dez plantas, por parcela. Foi adotado o esquema fatorial 2 x 6, onde 2 corresponde ao uso ou não de Stimulate®, e 6 corresponde à idade das mudas, no transplante. Antes do transplante avaliou-se a altura da muda, comprimento da raiz, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, massa fresca e seca da parte aérea e da raiz, aos 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 e 70 dias após a semeadura. Aos 78 dias após o transplante avaliou-se o comprimento da haste principal, diâmetro do caule, número de frutos por planta, massa total dos frutos por planta e massa média dos frutos. Mudas com setenta dias apresentam resultados superiores para as caraterísticas morfológicas, porém, isso não interfere no rendimento da cultura. O uso do Stimulate®, isoladamente ou em interação com a idade das mudas, não influencia no crescimento das plantas ou no rendimento de frutos.(AU)
Subject(s)
Solanum lycopersicum/chemistry , Solanum lycopersicum/economics , Solanum lycopersicum/growth & development , Fertilizers/adverse effectsABSTRACT
It is possible to cultivate common beans for a third harvest in one agricultural year due to varietal characteristics. For calendar adequacy, performing desiccation and planting often occur almost simultaneously. Germination performance of many plant species can improve with biostimulant use on seeds, however the interaction with herbicide residual molecules is unknown. The hypothesis is that seeds treated with a biostimulant in soil with glyphosate residues can eliminate the advantage of the biostimulant or increase the damage caused by the herbicide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different glyphosate reduce doses and the interaction with biostimulant on bean seed germination and vigor. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized 2 x 5 factorial block designing factorial 2 x 5, corresponding to the presence and absence of biostimulant and five different doses of glyphosate reduce rates, with four repetitions. The conducted evaluations were first count germination, germination test, accelerated aging, cold test, root and shoot length, root and shoot dry matter and electrical conductivity. It can be concluded that the biostimulant treatment on bean seeds increased germination, seed vigor and early seedling growth, but glyphosate presence reduced those advantages, increasing electrical conductivity. However, the herbicide presence provided higher germination on the accelerated aging test.
Devido às características de variedades de feijoeiro comum, é possível seu cultivo como terceira safra em um ano agrícola. Para adequação ao calendário, a prática de dessecação e plantio muitas vezes ocorrem quase simultaneamente. A utilização de bioestimulantes em sementes pode aumentar o desempenho germinativo de diversas espécies de plantas, no entanto a sua interação com moléculas residuais de herbicidas é desconhecido. A hipótese é que o uso de sementes tratadas com bioestimulante em solos com resíduos de glifosato pode eliminar as vantagens do primeiro ou amentar os danos causados pelo herbicida. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de subdoses de glifosato e bioestimulante em sementes de feijoeiro. O experimento foi realizado em blocos inteiramente casualizados em fatorial 2x5, correspondendo a ausência e presença de bioestimulante e cinco subdoses de glifosato, com quatro repetições. As avaliações foram primeira contagem de germinação, teste de germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, teste de frio, comprimento de parte aérea e de raiz, massa seca de parte aérea e de raiz e condutividade elétrica. Conclui-se que o tratamento de sementes de feijoeiro com bioestimulante eleva a germinação, o vigor de sementes e o crescimento inicial de plântulas, porém a presença de glifosato elimina essas vantagens, revelando maior condutividade elétrica. No entanto, a presença do herbicida proporciona maior germinação no teste de envelhecimento acelerado.
Subject(s)
Seeds , Phaseolus , Hormesis , HerbicidesABSTRACT
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels are related to the pituitary gland's ability to detect thyroid hormone concentration. Many studies have analyzed the correlation between TSH and T4, demonstrating a complex system correlation. This complex system may vary among different TSH levels and patients. OBJECTIVES: The main purpose of this study is to assess the correlation and agreement of serum TSH measured with two assays in different settings. DESIGN & METHODS: We evaluated healthy individuals as well as subclinical or overt hypothyroid patients. Eighty participants had TSH levels measured by Cobas Roche Elecsys 600 (Roche Diagnostics) and Abbott Architect I 2000 (Abbott Diagnostics). The TSH methods correlations were established with Pearson's correlation, and the strength of the agreement was determined by the McBride scale. The paired Student's t-test was applied to evaluate TSH values from both methods. The one-sample t-test was used to evaluate the difference between TSH values. The agreement was also assessed by a Bland-Altman plot. A regression analysis was applied to the correlation between TSH and T4. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in TSH values measured by the two methods (p<0.01). Our results demonstrated a poor correlation for TSH in the euthyroid (r: 0.888, p<0.01) and the subclinical hypothyroid (r:0.886, p<0.01) range. The Bland-Altman plot demonstrates that the majority of the TSH values fell between the lines of equality. There were few differences in the values in the normal upper range and slightly above that range (from a TSH: 3.25 to 6.36mUI/L). The level of correlation between TSH assays remains high in all scenarios for age (r≥0.951), BMI (r≥0.962), anti-TPO antibodies (r: 0.977) or levothyroxine use (r: 0.970). CONCLUSIONS: TSH measurement is essential to access thyroid function. Although the overall agreement between the methods is substantial, there was a poor agreement in the normal upper range and close above. The disagreement observed reinforces the difficulty in using different assays in clinical practice. The better correlation with fT4 and the reference range used by Cobas assay allowed the best clinical performance.
Subject(s)
Blood Chemical Analysis/methods , Hypothyroidism/blood , Thyrotropin/blood , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
The priming is a technique that involves the controlled hydration of seeds up to allows the start of germination preparatory processes without permit radicle protrusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different procedures of priming on physiological potential of rice seeds. Seeds of rice cultivars Puita Inta Inov CL and CL, each represented by a lot were used. The treatments consisted of: control, hydropriming, priming with Stimulate®, boric acid solution and zinc sulfate solution, with four replications. Prior to priming, the seeds hydration curves were determining. After priming, the seeds evaluated for germination, seedling growth, efficiency of use of the endosperm, germination at lowest temperatures and seedling emergence. Priming procedures used in this study does not improve rice seed physiological potential, of cultivars Puita Inta CL and Inov Cl. Seed priming with boric acid has a negative effect on seed performance.
o condicionamento fisiológico é uma técnica que envolve a hidratação controlada das sementes que permite o início de processos de preparação para a germinação sem permitir que ocorra a protrusão da raiz. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes procedimentos de condicionamento fisiológico no potencial fisiológico de sementes de arroz. Foram utilizadas sementes de arroz das cultivares Puita Inta CL e Inov CL, representadas por um lote cada. Os tratamentos consistiram de: controle, hidrocondicionamento, condicionamento com Stimulate®, com solução de ácido bórico e solução de sulfato de zinco, com quatro repetições. Previamente ao condicionamento, foram realizadas as curvas de hidratação. Após o condicionamento, as sementes foram avaliadas quanto à germinação, crescimento de plântulas, eficiência do uso do endosperma, germinação a baixas temperaturas e emergência das plântulas. Os procedimentos de condicionamento utilizados neste estudo não melhoraram o potencial fisiológico das sementes de arroz das cultivares de Puita Inta CL e Inov Cl. O condicionamento fisiológico de sementes de arroz com ácido bórico tem efeito negativo sobre o desempenho das sementes.
Subject(s)
Oryza , Seeds , Zinc , GerminationABSTRACT
O aumento da procura no mercado de frutas frescas junto com a elevada cotação do suco de maracujá no mercado nacional e internacional fez crescer o interesse pela fruta, em especial o maracujá-roxo no centro sul do país visando a exportação. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos de bioestimulante na emergência e desenvolvimento de plântulas de maracujazeiro 'Roxinho do Kênia' (Passiflora edulis Sims.) quando propagados de forma sexuada. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelas concentrações do produto comercial Stimulate®: testemunha (sem bioestimulante); 6; 12; 18; 24 e 30 mL.kg-1 de sementes. Foram avaliadas a porcentagem de emergência de plântulas, número de folhas, massa seca da parte aérea, caule e raiz(g), comprimento da raiz (mm), diâmetro e comprimento do caule(mm), área foliar e clorofilas "a" e "b. A aplicação de bioestimulante nas doses de 6 e 12 mL.kg-1 promove o aumento da porcentagem de emergência de plântulas de Passiflora edulis Sims em um menor tempo. O uso do mesmo também promove o desenvolvimento das plântulas, com melhores resultados para as dose de 12 e 24 mL.kg-1 de sementes tratadas.
The increase in market demand for fresh fruits along with the high price of passion fruit juice in domestic and international markets has increased the interest in fruit, especially the purple passion fruit in the center south of the country seeking to export. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of plant growth regulator on the emergence and development of seedlings of passion 'Roxinho of Kenya' when propagated sexually. The treatments consisted of concentrations of commercial product Stimulate®: control (no biostimulant); 6; 12; 18; 24 and 30 mL.kg-1 of seed. It were evaluated the percentage of seedling emergence, number of leaves, aerial part dry weight, stem and root (g), root length (mm), diameter and stem length (mm), leaf area and chlorophyll 'a' and 'b'. The application of bio-stimulant in doses of 6 and 12 mL.kg-1 promotes increased percentage of seedling emergence of Passiflora edulis Sims in a shorter time. The use of it also promotes the development of seedlings, with better results for the dose of 12 and 24 mL.kg-1 treated seeds.