Aterosclerosis subclínica en trabajadores de una institución de salud / Subclinical atherosclerosis in health institution workers

Introducción: La aterosclerosis es la causa principal de enfermedad coronaria. Su presencia en la red vascular se manifiesta desde edades muy tempranas. Se asegura que está presente desde la vida intrauterina y se va haciendo cada vez mayor con el paso de los años, tanto por la acción del envejecimiento como por la presencia de otros factores que lo aceleran y perpetúan. La aterosclerosis subclínica es un término que debe ser usado para expresar que existe un grado de evidencia de lesión de la pared arterial sin expresión clínica. Objetivo: Identificar la presencia de aterosclerosis subclínica y su relación con factores de riesgo aterogénico. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de tipo transversal en trabajadores del Centro Internacional de Salud CIS La Pradera entre enero y diciembre de 2019. Resultados: Se detectó aterosclerosis subclínica en 129 pacientes (32,7 por ciento). Se asoció con la hipertensión, la diabetes mellitus, la dislipidemia y el hábito de fumar. Conclusiones: La enfermedad subclínica estuvo presente en los trabajadores de la salud, aparentemente sanos y jóvenes, que tuvieron al menos un factor de riesgo para la enfermedad aterosclerótica(AU)

Introduction: Atherosclerosis is the main cause of coronary disease. Its presence in the vascular network is shown from very early age. It is ensured that it is present from intrauterine life and becomes larger and larger over the years, both due to the action of aging and the presence of other factors that accelerate and perpetuate it. Subclinical atherosclerosis is a term that should be used to express that there is a degree of evidence of arterial wall injury without clinical appearance. Objective: To identify the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis and its relationship with atherogenic risk factors. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in workers of La Pradera International Health Center from January to December 2019. Results: Subclinical atherosclerosis was detected in 129 subjects (32.7 percent). It was associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and smoking. Conclusions: Subclinical disease was present in health workers, apparently healthy and young, who had at least one risk factor for atherosclerotic disease(AU)

Subclinical bovine vaccinia: An important risk factor in the epidemiology of this zoonosis in cattle.

Bovine vaccinia (BV) is a zoonosis caused by Vaccinia virus (VACV) that mainly affects lactating cows and dairy farm milkers. The epidemiological role(s) of other cattle categories such as dry cows, bulls, and heifers in BV remains unclear. This study was performed to investigate VACV in affected dairy cattle herds and perifocal farms during an outbreak in Brazil. Crusts from lesions of cows' teats were collected from all farms with BV outbreaks. Milk, feces, blood, and serum were collected from symptomatic and asymptomatic lactating cows. Blood and serum were also sampled from other cattle categories (calves, heifers, dry cows, and bulls). The samples were tested for VACV by PCR, and to confirm VACV viability, VACV-positive samples were inoculated in BSC-40 cells and stained using immunoperoxidase. Neutralizing antibodies were investigated using plaque reduction neutralization test. Viral DNA was detected in milk, blood, and feces samples of symptomatic and asymptomatic dairy cows and in blood samples from other cattle categories on farms with and without confirmed BV outbreak. In affected farms, viable virus was identified in feces and milk samples from lactating cows and in blood samples from asymptomatic dry cows. Viable VACV was also identified in feces from lactating cows and one bull's blood sample from perifocal farms. Neutralizing antibodies were detected in 81.6% of the herds affected by BV and in 53.8% of the herds on perifocal farms. The presented data indicate a potential source of viral dissemination, which contributes to the persistence and spread of VACV in the environment.

Prevalencia de anticuerpos antiperoxidasa y antitiroglobulina en jóvenes con hipotiroidismo subclínico y clínico / Prevalence of antiperoxidase and antithyroglobulin antibodies in young people with clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism

Introducción: El diagnóstico temprano de hipotiroidismosubclínico y el hallazgo de anticuerpos antitiroideos son de granvalor para el estudio de las enfermedades tiroideas. Objetivos: determinarla prevalencia de anticuerpos antitiroideos en hombres ymujeres jóvenes con hipotiroidismo subclínico y clínico, y compararsu frecuencia entre ambos sexos. Materiales y métodos: se estudiaron280 estudiantes de la Universidad Antonio Nariño, en laciudad de Bogotá, entre los 18 y 30 años. A los participantes en elestudio se les realizó TSH y T4 libre por quimioluminiscencia parala identificación de casos de hipotiroidismo subclínico y clínico. Atodos los individuos con alteraciones en las pruebas de función tiroidease les realizaron anticuerpos antitiroideos antiperoxidasa yantitiroglobulina por microelisa. Resultados: se encontró una altaprevalencia de anticuerpos antitiroideos antiperoxidasa y antitiroglobulinaen los jóvenes que presentaron hipotiroidismo, y unaprevalencia de hipotiroidismo en jóvenes de 4,64%, sin encontrarsediferencias estadísticamente significativas entre hombres y mujeres.Conclusión: existe en la población de jóvenes estudiados conhipotiroidismo subclínico una alta prevalencia de anticuerpos quesugerirían causa autoinmune en nuestra población universitaria. Sedeben realizar ensayos clínicos adicionales que permitan investigarotras posibles causas de hipotiroidismo como postinfecciosas, tóxicasy medioambientales, así mismo una posible asociación de estapatología con otras condiciones autoinmunes.

Abstract: Introduction: An early diagnosis of subclinical hypothy-roidism and the discovery of antithyroid antibodies are really valu-able in preventing severe thyroid diseases. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of antithyroid antibodies in young men and women with subclinical and clinical hypothyroidism, and to compare their frequency among both genders. Materials and methods: The case study enrolled 280 students between 18 and 30 years of age from the Antonio Nariño University in Bogotá. TSH and free T4 was deter-mined by chemoluminescence in all participants of the study for the identification of possible clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism. All individuals with alterations in their thyroid function tests had also their antiperoxidase and antithyroglobulin antibodies as-sessed by microelisa. Results: A high prevalence of antiperoxi-dase and antithyroglobulin antithyroid antibodies was detected in young people who had hypothyroidism, and the prevalence of hypothyroidism in young people was 4,64%. No statistically sig-nificant difference was found between the prevalence in men and women. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of antibodies in the study population of young people with subclinical hypo-thyroidism, which could suggest an autoimmune cause in our university population. It is also necessary to carry out other clini-cal trials which could allow the investigation of possible causes of hypothyroidism like post-infectious, toxic and environmental and also a possible association between this disease and other autoimmune conditions.