ABSTRACT
Este estudo teve o objetivo de descrever e relacionar a qualidade de vida e o Status Social Subje-tivo (SSS) na escola e nas aulas de educação física em estudantes do ensino fundamental. Estudo transversal com 875 estudantes do ensino fundamental do município de Palhoça, Santa Catarina. A qualidade de vida foi analisada por meio do Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM versão 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0) e o SSS foi investigado por meio da escala de MacArthur adaptada para estudantes brasileiros para o ambiente escolar e aulas de educação física. Os domínios da qualidade de vida que apresen-taram menores pontuações foram os relacionados aos sentimentos (61,4 pontos) e à escola (70,3 pontos). A questão "eu sinto raiva" obteve menor pontuação (50,8 pontos), seguida da questão "eu me preocupo com o que vai acontecer comigo" (53,1 pontos), ambas do domínio sentimentos. Um total de 37,1% e 25% dos estudantes apresentaram percepção de SSS negativa nas aulas de educação física e na escola, respectivamente. Os estudantes com a percepção negativa de SSS tiveram piores escores de qualidade de vida. Diante dos resultados destacam-se as pontuações baixas de qualidade de vida, especialmente com relação aos sentimentos e escola por parte dos estudantes, e os percentuais altos de percepção negativa de SSS.
This study aimed to describe and associate the quality of life and Subjective Social Status (SSS) at school and in Physical Education classes among elementary school students. Cross-sectional study with 875 elementary school students in the city of Palhoça Southern Brazil. Quality of life was analyzed using the Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM version 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0) and SSS was investigated using the MacArthur scale, which was adapted for Brazilian students for the school environment and Physical Education classes. The quality of life domains that presented the lowest scores were those related to feelings (61.4 points) and schools (70.3 points). The question "I feel angry" received the lowest score (50.8 points), followed by the question "I worry about what will happen to me" (53.1points), both from the feelings domain. A total of 37.1% and 25% of students had a negative perception of SSS in Physical Education classes and at school, respectively. Students with a negative perception of SSS had worse quality of life scores. Given the results, the low quality of life scores stand out, especially in relation to students' feelings about school and the high percentages of negative perception of SSS
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Quality of Life , Students , Physical Education and TrainingABSTRACT
Background: Subjective socioeconomic status (SSES) and objective socioeconomic status (OSES) have been independently associated with body composition and eating behavior in children. While low OSES may constrain access to healthier foods, low SSES has been associated with increased preference for and motivation to consume higher energy foods and portions independent of OSES. Despite these distinct ways that OSES and SSES may affect children's eating behavior and adiposity, their joint contributions remain unclear. We investigated the independent and interactive associations of SSES and OSES with children's BMI, fat mass index (FMI), and caregiver-reported hyperphagia. Methods: Data were derived from the Children's Growth and Behavior Study, an ongoing observational study. Multiple linear regressions used child's SSES and OSES of the family as independent factors and modeled the statistical interaction of SSES and OSES with BMI (n = 128), FMI (n = 122), and hyperphagia and its subscales (n = 76) as dependent variables. Results: SSES was independently and negatively associated with hyperphagia severity and OSES was independently and negatively associated with both FMI and hyperphagia severity. There was a statistical interaction effect of SSES and OSES on hyperphagia severity-lower SSES was associated with greater hyperphagia severity only at lower levels of OSES. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate a relationship between low OSES and child adiposity and that the relationship between child SSES and hyperphagia severity may be most relevant for children from households with lower family OSES. Future research on socioeconomic disparities in children's body composition and eating behaviors should examine the interaction of SSES and OSES. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02390765.
ABSTRACT
Subjective social status measures a person's perception of their social class relative to other people and has theoretically and empirically been positively associated with health and wellbeing. A widely used measure of this construct is the MacArthur Scale of Subjective Social Status, which asks people to report their social status by placing themselves on a ladder which represents the social hierarchy of their society or community; the scale has been used with many different populations across many countries. In this research note, we describe two cases where we encountered unexpected reactions to the MacArthur Scale that we believe highlight (a) the salience of relative social status for people's wellbeing in contemporary society and (b) the concomitant sensitivities raised by measuring this subjective experience. We discuss the implications of these observations for future research.
ABSTRACT
Numerous studies have found that a relationship between subjective status and measures of human health persists even after controlling for objective measures, including income, education, and assets. However, few studies have probed how status shapes health among adolescents, particularly those in low-and-middle-income settings. This study examines the relative effects of subjective and objective status on mental health among Ethiopian adolescents. Using data from two waves of the Jimma Longitudinal Family Survey of Youth (N = 1,045), this study uses a combination of linear regression and linear mixed-effects models to examine the relationships between objective social status, subjective social status, and mental well-being among adolescents in Ethiopia. Three measures of objective status, including household income, adolescent education, and a multidimensional measure of material wealth, were assessed. Social network and support variables were constructed using factor analysis. A community version of the 10-rung McArthur ladder was used to assess the subjective socioeconomic status of adolescents. The self-reporting questionnaire was used to assess mental well-being during both waves of the study. The significant effect of higher subjective status on reports of fewer non-specific psychological distress (-0.28; 95% CI: -0.43 to -0.14) was not mediated by objective status, material deprivation, or social support covariates. The observed relationship between status and mental well-being was consistent across successive study waves. Among a cohort of adolescents in Jimma, Ethiopia, several measures of objective status are associated with subjective status. However, akin to research among adults, the findings of our study suggest that the relationship between adolescent subjective social status and mental health persists above and beyond the effects of objective status. Future research is needed on the factors, environments, and experiences that inform adolescent perceptions of status and well-being over time.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: We study how life course objective socioeconomic position (SEP) predicts subjective social status (SSS) and the extent to which SSS mediates the association of objective SEP with nutritional status and mental health outcomes. METHODS: We use data from participants of the INCAP Longitudinal Study 1969-2018 (n = 1258) from Guatemala. We use the MacArthur ladder for two measures of SSS - perceived community respect and perceived economic status. We estimate the association of SSS with health outcomes after adjusting for early life characteristics and life course objective SEP (wealth, schooling, employment) using linear regression. We use path analysis to study the extent of mediation by SSS on the health outcomes of body mass index (BMI; kg/m2), psychological distress (using the WHO Self-Reported Questionnaire; SRQ-20) and happiness, using the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS). RESULTS: Median participant rating was 5 [IQR: 3-8] for the perceived community respect and 3 [IQR: 1-5] for the perceived economic status, with no differences by sex. Objective SEP in early life and adulthood were predictive of both measures of SSS in middle adulthood as well as health outcomes (BMI, SRQ-20 and SHS). Perceived community respect (z-scores; 1 z = 3.1 units) was positively associated with happiness (0.13, 95 % CI: 0.07, 0.19). Perceived economic status (z-scores; 1 z = 2.3 units) was inversely associated with psychological distress (-0.28, 95 % CI: -0.47, -0.09). Neither measure of SSS was associated with BMI. Neither perceived community respect nor perceived economic status attenuated associations of objective SEP with health outcomes on inclusion as a mediator. CONCLUSIONS: Subjective social status was independently associated with happiness and psychological distress in middle adulthood after adjusting for objective SEP. Moreover, association of objective SEP with health was not mediated by SSS, suggesting potentially independent pathways.
ABSTRACT
Pride is a status-related self-conscious emotion. The present study aimed to investigate the nature of status behind pride in four studies with using the two-facet model of pride, status maintenance strategies and with differentiating subjective social status (SSS) and objective social status (OSS). In Studies 1 and 2, we used questionnaire methods with structural equation modeling (SEM) in order to identify the relationship patterns between SSS, OSS, status maintenance strategies and pride. In Studies 3 and 4, we used vignette method and SEM to identify these links. All four studies gave evidence for the SSS â prestige status maintenance strategy â authentic pride relationship pattern. Similarly consistent result was found regarding the dominance status maintenance strategy â hubristic pride link. Depending on the assessment method (questionnaire vs. vignette) and the evaluative frame of reference (self vs. other), OSS was related to either authentic and hubristic pride, only hubristic pride, or neither of them. Based on these results, one thing can be taken for granted: pride is a subjective status-related emotion. However, the present results suggest that it is not necessarily true for OSS.
