ABSTRACT
Two experiments using soybean meal (SBM) or canola meal (CM) were conducted to investigate whether the choice of digestibility marker influenced the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) or standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of N and AA in diets supplemented with phytase. In each experiment, 18 barrows fitted with T-cannulas at the ileocecal junction were assigned to 3 diets consisting of a N-free diet to determine endogenous losses of N and AA, a semipurified diet (SBM in Exp. 1 or CM in Exp. 2), and the semipurified diet supplemented with phytase at 1,000 phytase units/kg. Three digestibility markers including acid-insoluble ash (AIA), chromic oxide (Cr2O3), and titanium dioxide (TiO2) were added to each diet at 3 g/kg. Each diet was fed for 7 d, consisting of a 5-d adjustment and a 2-d collection of ileal digesta. In both studies, basal ileal endogenous losses determined with Cr2O3 as a digestibility marker were lower (P<0.01) than with those determined with AIA or TiO2 digestibility markers. Using SBM as the protein source in Exp. 1, there was no interaction between phytase and digestibility marker on AID or SID of AA. The AID of N and AA in SBM using AIA as a digestibility marker tended to be lower (P<0.1) compared with Cr2O3 or TiO2 digestibility markers. Phytase supplementation increased (P<0.001) the AID of Ca and P. The use of AIA or Cr2O3 digestibility marker tended to be associated with lower (P<0.1) SID values compared with TiO2. Phytase did not affect the SID of N or any AA in SBM except for Met, for which there was an increase (P<0.05) with phytase supplementation. Using CM as the protein source in Exp. 2, there were significant interactions between digestibility marker and phytase. Phytase supplementation had effects (P<0.01) on AID or SID when Cr2O3 or TiO2 was used as the digestibility marker. With Cr2O3 or TiO2 as the digestibility marker in the CM diets, phytase supplementation increased (P<0.05) the SID of N and all AA (except Trp). There was no SID of N or AA response to phytase supplementation of CM when AIA was used as a digestibility marker. In contrast, there were no clear improvements in AA digestibility from phytase supplementation for SBM. Phytase effects on AID or SID of AA were dependent on the digestibility marker used in diets when CM was used as the protein source but not when SBM was used as the protein source. Therefore, AA digestibility response to phytase supplementation may depend on the protein being evaluated as well as the choice of digestibility marker.
Subject(s)
Amino Acids/metabolism , Animal Feed/analysis , Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Biomarkers/metabolism , Digestion/physiology , Ileum/metabolism , Sus scrofa/physiology , 6-Phytase/pharmacology , Animals , Catheterization/veterinary , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/veterinary , Chromium Compounds/administration & dosage , Chromium Compounds/metabolism , Diet/veterinary , Dietary Supplements , Digestion/drug effects , Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/chemistry , Linear Models , Rapeseed Oil , Glycine max/chemistry , Spectrophotometry/veterinary , Swine , Titanium/administration & dosage , Titanium/metabolismABSTRACT
Para obtener los coeficientes de digestibilidad ileal aparente (CDIA) y estandarizada (CDIE) de la proteína y aminoácidos de pasta de canola (PC), se realizó un experimento en el que se utilizaron 24 lechones destetados a los 17 días de edad con un peso de 5.5 kg, a los cuales se les fijó una cánula simple en T al final del íleon distal. Los lechones recibieron uno de los tratamientos: Dieta de Referencia (DR) elaborada con caseína como única fuente de proteína y almidón de maíz, dietas CTC (caseína 10% de torta de canola) y CTCP (caseína- 10% de torta de canola peletizada). Los resultados mostraron que los CDIA de la DR fueron superiores (p<0.05) a los de la dieta CTCP y estos a los de la dieta CTC. Los CDIE fueron superiores en torta de canola paletizada (TCP) e inferiores en torta de canola (TC). Se concluye que la TCP puede utilizarse a un nivel de inclusión máximo del 10% en el alimento de lechones recién destetados, ya que el peletizado mejoró significativamente la digestibilidad ileal de proteína y aminoácidos.
To obtain the coefficients of apparent ileal digestibility (CAID) and standardized ileal digestibility (CSID) of protein and amino acid from canola, one experiment was carried out using 24 piglets weaned at 17 days of age, weighing 5.5 kg. Piglets were fitted with a simple T cannula at terminal ileum and were fed with one of three treatments: (RD) reference diet elaborated with casein as unique protein source and corn starch; casein-canola meal (CCM) and casein-peletized canola meal (CPCM) diets. In those diets 10% CM or PCM was included. CAID were higher (p<0.05) in RD than in CPCM diet and these than in CCM. CSID were ranked in the same way, PCM had higher CSID than CM. It was concluded that PCM can be useful at maximum level inclusion of 10% in weaned piglet food, because the peletized food significantly improve ileal digestibility of protein and amino acids.
Para obter os coeficientes de digestibilidade ileal aparente (CDI) e padronizados (CDI) das proteínas e aminoácidos massas canola (PC), foi conduzido um experimento no qual foram utilizados 24 leitões desmamados aos 17 dias de idade com um peso de 5,5 kg, que são fixadas uma cânula simples T no final do íleo distal. Os leitões foram um dos tratamentos: Dieta Referência (DR) desenvolvido com caseína como única fonte de proteína e de amido de milho, rações CTC (caseína-10% do bolo canola) e CTCP (caseína-10% do bolo canola pellets). Os resultados mostram que o CDI do DR foram superiores (p<0.05) para a dieta destes CTCP e aqueles na dieta CTC. CDI foram superiores e inferiores TCP CT. Concluímos que o TCP pode ser utilizado ao nivel máximo de 10% no alimentos de leitões, devido a que o alimento pellets melhora sustancialmente a digestibilidade de proteínas e aminoácid.