ABSTRACT
El asma bronquial es la enfermedad crónica más frecuente en la infancia. Todos los años un número importante de pacientes pediátricos se hospitaliza por esta causa. No existe en Chile un conocimiento sobre su magnitud. Objetivo: Conocer la tasa de hospitalización por asma en niños de 5 a 15 años y evaluar su evolución en el tiempo. Pacientes y Método: Se calculó la tasa de hospitalización por asma en base al número de egresos hospitalarios del registro de egresos del Departamento de Estadística e Información de Salud del Ministerio de Salud de Chile (DEIS) y de las poblaciones expuestas al riesgo de hospitalización obtenidas de las proyecciones de población, proporcionadas por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Se evaluó la evolución de estas tasas desde el año 2001 al 2014. Resultados: Durante el lapso estudiado se observó un aumento significativo de la tasa de hospitalización por asma en niños, desde 3,8 por 10.000 habitantes el 2001 a 7,8 por 10.000 habitantes el 2014. El promedio de edad fue de 8,5 ± 2,7 años, siendo de sexo masculino el 57,58% de los pacientes con una mediana de estadía hospitalaria de 3 días (rango 1-12). Conclusiones: La tasa actual de hospitalizaciones por asma en Chile en niños de 5 a 15 años es de 7,8 por 10.000 habitantes, observándose una duplicación de ésta en los 14 años estudiados.
Bronchial asthma is the most prevalent chronic disease in children. Every year an important number of asthmatic children is hospitalized for asthma crisis. The magnitude of this problem in Chile is unknown. Objective: To evaluated the asthma hospitalization rate in 5-15 year-old children and evaluate their evolution. Patients and Method: We calculate the asthma hospitalization rate in children based on data from the National Hospitalization Discharge Registry from the Statistics and Health Information Department of the Ministry of Health (DEIS) and the National Institute of Statistics (INE). We evaluate the evolution of these rates from 2001 to 2014. Results: We observed a significant increase in the asthma hospitalization rates in children from 3,8 for 10.000 inhabitants in 2001 to 7,8 for 10.000 inhabitants in 2014. The average age was 8,5 years ± 2,7. Male gender was predominant (57,58%) with a mean length of stay of 3 days (range 1-12). Conclusions: The actual asthma hospitalization rate in Chile is 7,8 for 10.000 inhabitants for children 5 to 15 years old, with a double increase in this rate during the 14 year period analyzed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Asthma/epidemiology , Hospitalization/trends , Asthma/therapy , Chile/epidemiology , Registries , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Children with certain conditions are at risk of developing pneumococcal disease, including invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). The aim of this study is to estimate admission rates for IPD in children with risk conditions in Catalonia, and to describe their characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Retrospective longitudinal study of admission rates due to IPD between 2005 and 2012 in children younger than 16 years referred by Primary Care Centres of the Catalan Institute of Health, with risk conditions for invasive pneumococcal disease. Information was obtained from electronic medical records in the Primary Care Centres and from the Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS) of acute hospital admissions. RESULTS: The overall IPD hospital admission rate in children with underlying conditions was 43.1 cases per 100,000 persons-year (95% CI: 32.2-57.7). The rate was higher in children <2 years old (107.8 per 100,000 persons-year; 95% CI: 69-168.3), and in those with neuromuscular disease and/or cerebrospinal fluid leak (141.6 per 100,000 persons-year), and Down's syndrome (133.5 per 100,000 persons-year). CONCLUSIONS: The hospital admission rate due to IPD in children with risk conditions in Catalonia is similar to that observed in other series, and higher than that described in the general population. It is necessary to implement immunisation strategies aimed directly at these risk groups.