ABSTRACT
La personalidad es el trasfondo que determina la forma de pensar, sentir y comportarse e influye en la psicopatología. En este contexto, resulta relevante el estudio de la relación entre personalidad y ansiedad en la adolescencia. El principal objetivo de nuestro estudio es analizar las diferencias entre casos con Trastornos por Ansiedad (TA) y una muestra de población general (PG) en los diferentes perfiles / prototipos de personalidad (PRP) derivados del el Inventario clínico para adolescentes de Millon (MACI). Un segundo objetivo fue estudiar el modelo más parsimonioso de PRP capaz de predecir TA. Para responder a estos objetivos se utilizó un diseño observacional analítico y se realizó un muestreo aleatorio de adolescentes en PG (n = 461) y consecutivo de pacientes con TA, valorados según criterios DSM-5 (n = 77). Los instrumentos de medida utilizados fueron el MACI y Adolescent Symptom Inventory. Los PRP Introvertidos, Inhibidos, Pesimistas, Sumisos, Oposicionistas, Autopunitivos y Límites presentan una media significativamente mayor en TA y los PRP Histriónico y Egocéntrico en PG. El modelo más parsimonioso de PRP que mejor predice TA está conformado por tener mayor edad y los PRP más límite y menos rebelde. El estudio ofrece una imagen novedosa de los PRP en casos de TA que invitan a su estudio clínico, favoreciendo nuevos caminos de investigación que incluyan la personalidad en la heterogeneidad del trastorno. (AU)
Personality is the background that determines the way we think, feel and behave and influences psychopathology. In this context, the study of the relationship between personality and anxiety in adolescence is important. The main objective of our study is to analyse the differences between cases with Anxiety Disorders (AD) and a sample of general population (GP) in the different personality profiles / prototypes (PRP) derived from the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI). Secondary objective: to study the most parsimonious predictive model of PRP to predict AD. To respond to these objectives, an observational analytical design was used and a random sampling of adolescents in GP (n = 461) and consecutive sampling of patients with AD, assessed according to DSM-5 criteria (n = 77) was performed. The measurement instruments used were the MACI and the Adolescent Symptom Inventory. Introverted, Inhibited, Doleful, Submissive, Oppositional, Self-demeaning and Borderline PRPs present a significantly higher mean in AD and the Dramatizing and Egotistic PRPs in GP. The most parsimonious PRP model that best predicts AD is shaped by having older age and the most Borderline and least Unruly PRPs. The study offers a novel picture of PRPs in AD cases that invite their clinical study, favoring new paths of research that include personality in the heterogeneity of the disorder. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Personality Assessment , Personality Tests , Affective Symptoms/psychology , Anxiety Disorders/psychologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In the United States, a disproportionate number of unintended pregnancies occur among African Americans, particularly those in their later teenage years and early 20s. Mobile technology is becoming more ubiquitous as a method for health promotion; however, relatively little research has been done with this population to determine their perspectives about unintended pregnancy, the potential of successfully using mobile technology to prevent unintended pregnancy, and the content of such programs. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to obtain the perspectives of African American emerging adults about unintended pregnancy and the use of mobile technology to reduce unintended pregnancy rates. METHODS: Focus groups and interviews were conducted with 83 African Americans, aged 18-21 years. Data were analyzed using an open coding process. Emergent codes were then added as needed, and themes and subthemes were identified. RESULTS: Participants cited the social environment and lack of education as primary reasons for disproportionate rates of unintended pregnancy. They noted that unintended pregnancy is an important issue and that they desire more sexual health information. They enthusiastically supported mobile technology as a means to communicate unintended pregnancy prevention programming and offered many suggestions for program content, look, and feel. CONCLUSIONS: Young and emerging adult African Americans want and need sexual health resources, and a mobile-based platform could be widely accepted and address needs to lower disproportionate rates of unintended pregnancy. An essential next step is to use these findings to inform the development of a mobile-based unintended pregnancy prevention and sexual health program prototype to determine feasibility.
Subject(s)
Black or African American , Pregnancy, Unplanned , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Focus Groups , Health Promotion , Humans , Pregnancy , Research Design , United States , Young AdultABSTRACT
Given that we live in an environment in constant change-a liquid society, according to Bauman-we propose a versatile parenting style with the capacity to adapt to the variations of socio-temporal evolution. This is achieved by basing parenting guidelines on the permanent, executive, cognitive, and affective components of a person. Although the first reviews of parenting styles emphasized the Authoritative style, the emerging tendency in some geographical areas has been to prioritize the Indulgent style. Extracting the common factor of these two styles, the suggestion is to improve the affective aspect of the relationship characterized by warm and close parent-child interactions. It is important to respect the style of each family in order to support it in its educational task while offering guidelines to help consolidate healthy adolescent lifestyles. In this line, we present successful experiments that have helped families in this decisive task by highlighting the efficacy of promoting systemic educational plans that involve the whole society.
Subject(s)
Health Promotion , Healthy Lifestyle , Parenting , Adolescent , Feeding Behavior , Female , Humans , Male , Parent-Child Relations , Parenting/psychologyABSTRACT
Com base nas ideias de Armando Ferrari, este trabalho trata da problemática do adolescente e seu processo de construção de si, em que, a partir do surgimento de eventos corporais, inicia-se a percepção mental da existência de um corpo novo que entra em cena e que origina uma nova conversa interna corpo-mente, cuja dialética se estenderá para sempre.
Starting from Armando Ferrari's ideas, this paper approaches teenage issues and the adolescent's process of self-construction. From the moment when body events occur, the mind's perception of a new body's existence takes place in that process. There is a new body which arises and causes an internal bodymind communication. This body-mind dialectic is going to last forever.
Con base en las ideas de Armando Ferrari, este trabajo aborda la temática del adolescente y su proceso de construcción de sí, donde, a partir del surgimiento de eventos corporales, se inicia la percepción mental de la existencia de un cuerpo nuevo que entra en escena y que da origen a una nueva conversación interna cuerpo-mente, cuya dialéctica se extenderá para siempre.
ABSTRACT
Através do estudo de dois casos clínicos, a analista tece considerações em torno da passagem da fase da latência para a maturidade - o período da adolescência. Servindo-se desses casos - um em que a análise atinge pleno êxito e outro em que se vê barrada por circunstâncias prejudiciais -, o estudo em questão aborda a influência exercida pelos pais na viabilidade do tratamento analítico de adolescentes, bem como esclarece o leitor sobre a própria natureza da adolescência.
Through the study of two clinical vignettes, the psychoanalyst makes considerations on the passage from the latency stage to the maturity - the teenage years. Using these vignettes - one, in which the analysis is absolutely successful, and another, in which detrimental circumstances stopped the analysis -, the author approaches parents influence in the viability of psychoanalytic treatment for teenagers. She also enlightens the reader about the own nature of adolescence.
A través del estudio de dos casos clínicos, la analista teje sus consideraciones en relación al paso de la etapa de latencia hacia la madurez - el período de la adolescencia. Apoyándose en estos casos - uno en el que el análisis alcanza un éxito total y otro en el que se ve impedido por circunstancias perjudiciales -, el estudio aborda la influencia que ejercen los padres en la viabilidad del tratamiento analítico de adolescentes, así como aclara al lector sobre la propia naturaleza de la adolescencia.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: As part of teenage pregnancies, it is often found vulnerability and pregnancy follow-up of poorer quality. This investigation aims to establish profiles of young women and to assess what followed. METHODS: A retrospective study (2007-2011) of 220 births to women aged 12 to 17. RESULTS: The monitoring of these teenage pregnancies remains generally lower than France national averages, but significant differences are observed when one takes into account the socio-demographic factors. Three profiles appear: 66 teenagers (group A) reported a chaotic pregnancy monitoring, with a poorly enquired social, professional, familial situation. One hundred and two teenagers (group B) have a better follow-up but pregnancy is often unwanted with an unstable social situation. Finally, 52 teenagers (group C) have a rather good quality monitoring with a more assertive investment of pregnancy. CONCLUSION: To consider the lives of these young women is essential to study early motherhood and mitigate the vulnerabilities of this fragile population. An identification of factors favoring an optimal monitoring of pregnancy among young women is paralleled with reduced obstetric and social risks.
