Laser-Induced Synthesis of Tin Sulfides.

Various polytypes of van der Waals (vdW) materials can be formed by sulfur and tin, which exhibit distinctive and complementary electronic properties. Hence, these materials are attractive candidates for the design of multifunctional devices. This work demonstrates direct selective growth of tin sulfides by laser irradiation. A 532 nm continuous wave laser is used to synthesize centimeter-scale tin sulfide tracks from single source precursor tin(II) o-ethylxanthate under ambient conditions. Modulation of laser irradiation conditions enables tuning of the dominant phase of tin sulfide as well as SnS2/SnS heterostructures formation. An in-depth investigation of the morphological, structural, and compositional characteristics of the laser-synthesized tin sulfide microstructures is reported. Furthermore, laser-synthesized tin sulfides photodetectors show broad spectral response with relatively high photoresponsivity up to 4 AW-1 and fast switching time (τ rise = 1.8 ms and τ fall = 16 ms). This approach is versatile and can be exploited in various fields such as energy conversion and storage, catalysis, chemical sensors, and optoelectronics.

Volcanic Eruption in the Nanoworld: Efficient Oxygen Exchange at the Si/SnO2 Interface.

Here, a phenomenon of efficient oxygen exchange between a silicon surface and a thin layer of tin dioxide during chemical vapor deposition is presented, which leads to a unique Sn:SiO2 layer. Under thermodynamic conditions in the temperature range of 725-735 °C, the formation of nanostructures with volcano-like shapes in "active" and "dormant" states are observed. Extensive characterization techniques, such as electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, synchrotron radiation-based X-ray photoelectron, and X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, are applied to study the formation. The mechanism is related to the oxygen retraction between tin(IV) oxide and silicon surface, leading to the thermodynamically unstable tin(II)oxide, which is immediately disproportionate to metallic Sn and SnO2 localized in the SiO2 matrix. The diffusion of metallic tin in the amorphous silicon oxide matrix leads to larger agglomerates of nanoparticles, which is similar to the formation of a magma chamber during the natural volcanic processes followed by magma eruption, which here is associated with the formation of depressions on the surface filled with metallic tin particles. This new effect contributes a new approach to the formation of functional composites but also inspires the development of unique Sn:SiO2 nanostructures for diverse application scenarios, such as thermal energy storage.

Influence of Sputtering Power on the Properties of Magnetron Sputtered Tin Selenide Films.

The ecofriendly tin selenide (SnSe) is expected to find multiple applications in optoelectronic, photovoltaic, and thermoelectric systems. This work is focused on the thermoelectric properties of thin films. SnSe single crystals exhibit excellent thermoelectric properties, but it is not so in the case of polycrystalline bulk materials. The investigations were motivated by the fact that nanostructuring may lead to an improvement in thermoelectric efficiency, which is evaluated through a dimensionless figure of merit, ZT = S2 σ T/λ, where S is the Seebeck coefficient (V/K), σ is the electrical conductivity (S/m), λ is the thermal conductivity (W/mK), and T is the absolute temperature (K). The main objective of this work was to obtain SnSe films via magnetron sputtering of a single target. Instead of common radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering with a high voltage alternating current (AC) power source, a modified direct current (DC) power supply was employed. This technique in the classical version is not suitable for sputtering targets with relatively low thermal and electrical conductivity, such as SnSe. The proposed solution enabled stable sputtering of this target without detrimental cracking and arcing and resulted in high-quality polycrystalline SnSe films with unprecedented high values of ZT equal to 0.5 at a relatively low temperature of 530 K. All parameters included in ZT were measured in one setup, i.e., Linseis Thin Film Analyzer (TFA). The SnSe films were deposited at sputtering powers of 120, 140, and 170 W. They had the same orthorhombic structure, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), but the thickness and microstructure examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were dependent on the sputtering power. It was demonstrated that thermoelectric efficiency improved with increasing sputtering power and stable values were attained after two heating-cooling cycles. This research additionally provides further insights into the DC sputtering process and opens up new possibilities for magnetron sputtering technology.

Fabrication of TiN Coatings Deposited on Laser Shock Micro-Textured Substrates for Improving the Interface Adhesion Properties of Coatings.

This paper aims to investigate the strengthening mechanism of laser shock peening on the interfacial bonding properties between TiN coatings and TC4 titanium alloy substrates. The different surface textures were induced by LSP on a TC4 titanium alloy substrate. Subsequently, titanium nitride (TiN) coatings were deposited on the surface texture. A scratch test and reciprocating sliding wear assessment were conducted to evaluate the impact of LSP on the interfacial bonding properties and wear performance of the coatings. The experimental results demonstrated that the adhesion of TiN coatings deposited on the surface texture formed by laser shock peening was significantly enhanced. The efficacy of laser shock treatment in reducing wear rates was found to be significantly enhanced in cases of both increased spot overlapping rate and increased laser power density. The surface texture created using laser parameters of 6.43 GW/cm2 and a 50% overlapping rate was found to have the most significant effect on improving the adhesion and anti-wear properties of the coating. The laser shock texture was identified as the main contributor to this improvement, providing a large interfacial contact area and a mechanical bond between the coating and the substrate. This bond inhibited the initiation and propagation of micro-cracks caused by the concentration of internal stress and interfacial stress of the coating.

Insight into the Extractive Metallurgy of Tin from Cassiterite.

This review details both the conventional and emerging methods of extracting tin from cassiterite. The emerging methods reviewed include sulphuric acid leaching of SnO, cooling crystallization of SnO, sulphide leaching, alkaline leaching, and dry chlorination. From these methods, the conventional approach (direct reduction smelting) stands out as the sole method that is suitable for industrial application, with none of the emerging ones being promising enough to be a contender. The thermodynamics involved in the hydrometallurgical extraction of tin from the mineral are also discussed. ΔGo values calculated at 25 °C for the reduction-dissolution of SnO2 using reducing gases revealed feasibility only when carbon monoxide was used. An indication of the possible species produced during the hydrolysis of the oxide of the metal (SnO2 and SnO) as a function of pH (ranging from -2 to 14 and 0 to 14 for SnO2 and SnO, respectively) was noted and highlighted to link a Pourbaix diagram generated from literature data. This diagram suggests that the solubility of SnO2 in both strongly acidic and alkaline media is possible, but with a small dissolution window in each. The purification and recovery routes of the various processing techniques were then envisaged.

Unveiling microbial community structure and metabolic pathway over carbon cloth-titanium nitride-polyaniline biocathode for effective dichloromethane transformation.

Chlorinated volatile organic compounds (Cl-VOCs) have dramatically biotoxicity and environmental persistence due to the presence of chlorine atoms, seriously jeopardizing ecological security and human health. Dichloromethane (DCM) as a model pollutant, is widely applied in solvents, extractants and cleaning agents in the pharmaceutical, chemical and food industries. In this study, highly biocompatible and conductive carbon cloth-titanium nitride-polyaniline (CC-TiN-PANI) bioelectrodes were obtained for DCM degradation in microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). The good adhesion of TiN and PANI on the electrode surface was demonstrated. The degradation kinetics were fitted by the Haldane model, compared to the CC bioelectrode (0.8 h-1), the proportion of maximum degradation rates to half-saturation concentration (Vmax/Km) of CC-TiN (1.4 h-1) and CC-TiN-PANI (2.2 h-1) bioelectrodes were enhanced by 1.8 and 2.8 times, respectively. Microbial community structure analysis illuminated that the dominant genera on the biofilm were Alicycliphilus and Hyphomicrobium, and the abundance was enhanced significantly with the modification of TiN and PANI. The dechlorination of DCM to formaldehyde could be catalyzed by DCM dehalogenase (DcmA) or by haloalkane dehalogenase (DhlA). And further oxidized to formate: 1) direct catalyzed by formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FdhA); 2) conjugated with glutathione by S-(hydroxymethyl)-glutathione synthase (Gfa), S-(hydroxymethyl)-glutathione dehydrogenase (FrmA) and S-formyl-glutathione hydrolase (FrmB); 3) conjugation with tetrahydrofolate (H4F) and/or tetrahydromethanopterin.

High-Performance Tin Oxide Thin-Film Transistors Realized by Codoping and Their Application in Logic Circuits.

Tin oxide is a promising channel material, offering the advantages of being low-cost and environmentally friendly and having a wide band gap. However, despite the high electron mobility of SnO2 in bulk, the corresponding thin-film transistors (TFTs) generally exhibit moderate performance, hindering their widespread application. Herein, we proposed a codoping strategy to improve both the electrical property and the stability of SnO2 TFTs. A comparative analysis between doped and undoped SnO2 was conducted. It is observed that taking advantage of the difference in ionic radii between two dopants (indium and gallium) and the tin ions in the host lattice can effectively reduce impurity-induced strain. Additionally, we investigated the effect of codoping content on SnO2 TFTs. The optimal codoped SnO2 (TIGO) TFTs demonstrate high performance, featuring a field-effect mobility of 15.9 cm2/V·s, a threshold voltage of 0.2 V, a subthreshold swing of 0.5 V/decade, and an on-to-off current ratio of 2.2 × 107. Furthermore, the devices show high stability under both positive and negative bias stress conditions with a small threshold voltage shift of 1.8 and -1.2 V, respectively. Utilizing the TIGO TFTs, we successfully constructed a resistor-loaded unipolar inverter with a high gain of 10.76. This study highlights the potential of codoped SnO2 TFTs for advanced applications in electronic devices.

Synthesis of Hybrid Tin-Based Perovskite Microcrystals for LED Applications.

Considerable focus on tin-based perovskites lies on substitution to leadhalide perovskites for the fabrication of eco-friendly optoelectronic devices.The major concern related to tin-based perovskite devices are mainly thestability and the efficiency. However, thinking on the final commercializationscope, other considerations such as precursor stability and cost are majorfactors to carry about. In this regard, this work presents a robust and facilesynthesis of 2D A2SnX4 (A = 4-fluorophenethylammonium(4-FPEA); X = I, Br, I/Br) and 3D FASnI3 perovskite microcrystals followinga developed synthesis strategy with low-cost starting materials. In thisdeveloped methodology, acetic acid is used as a solvent, which helps to protectfrom water by making a hydrophobic network over the perovskite surface, andhence provides sufficient ambient and long-term inert atmosphere stability ofthe microcrystals. Further, the microcrystals are recrystallized in thin filmsfor LED application, allowing the fabrication of orange, near-infrared and purered emitting LEDs. The two-step recrystallized devices show better performanceand stability in comparison to the reference devices made by using commercialprecursors. Importantly, the developed synthesis methodology is defined as ageneric method for the preparation of varieties of hybrid tin-based perovskitesmicrocrystals and application in optoelectronic devices.

Functionalized Thienopyrazines on NiOx Film as Self-Assembled Monolayer for Efficient Tin-Perovskite Solar Cells Using a Two-Step Method.

Three functionalized thienopyrazines (TPs), TP-MN (1), TP-CA (2), and TPT-MN (3) were designed and synthesized as self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) deposited on the NiOx film for tin-perovskite solar cells (TPSCs). Thermal, optical, electrochemical, morphological, crystallinity, hole mobility, and charge recombination properties, as well as DFT-derived energy levels with electrostatic surface potential mapping of these SAMs, have been thoroughly investigated and discussed. The structure of the TP-MN (1) single crystal was successfully grown and analyzed to support the uniform SAM produced on the ITO/NiOx substrate. When we used NiOx as HTM in TPSC, the device showed poor performance. To improve the efficiency of TPSC, we utilized a combination of new organic SAMs with NiOx HTM, the TPSC device exhibited the highest PCE of 7.7% for TP-MN (1). Hence, the designed NiOx/TP-MN (1) acts as a new model system for the development of efficient SAM-based TPSC. To the best of our knowledge, the combination of organic SAMs with anchoring CN/CN or CN/COOH groups, and NiOx HTM for TPSC has never been reported elsewhere. The TPSC device based on the NiOx/TP-MN bilayer exhibits great enduring stability for performance, retaining ~80% of its original value for shelf storage over 4000 h.

Defect-Free Nanowelding of Bilayer SnSe Nanoplates.

Nanowelding is a bottom-up technique to create custom-designed nanostructures and devices beyond the precision of lithographic methods. Here, a new technique is reported based on anisotropic lubricity at the van der Waals interface between monolayer and bilayer SnSe nanoplates and a graphene substrate to achieve precise control of the crystal orientation and the interface during the welding process. As-grown SnSe monolayer and bilayer nanoplates are commensurate with graphene's armchair direction but lack commensuration along graphene's zigzag direction, resulting in a reduced friction along that direction and a rail-like, 1D movement that permits joining nanoplates with high precision. This way, molecular beam epitaxially grown SnSe nanoplates of lateral sizes 30-100 nm are manipulated by the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope at room temperature. In situ annealing is applied afterward to weld contacting nanoplates without atomic defects at the interface. This technique can be generalized to any van der Waals interfaces with anisotropic lubricity and is highly promising for the construction of complex quantum devices, such as field effect transistors, quantum interference devices, lateral tunneling junctions, and solid-state qubits.

Homogenizing The Low-Dimensional Phases for Stable 2D-3D Tin Perovskite Solar Cells.

2D-3D tin-based perovskites are considered as promising candidates for achieving efficient lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the existence of multiple low-dimensional phases formed during the film preparation hinders the efficient transport of charge carriers. In addition, the non-homogeneous distribution of low-dimensional phases leads to lattice distortion and increases the defect density, which are undesirable for the stability of tin-based PSCs. Here, mixed spacer cations [diethylamine (DEA+) and phenethylamine (PEA+)] are introduced into tin perovskite films to modulate the distribution of the 2D phases. It is found that compared to the film with only PEA+, the combination of DEA+ and PEA+ favors the formation of homogeneous low-dimensional perovskite phases with three octahedral monolayers (n = 3), especially near the bottom interface between perovskite and hole transport layer. The homogenization of 2D phases help improve the film quality with reduced lattice distortion and released strain. With these merits, the tin PSC shows significantly improved stability with 94% of its initial efficiency retained after storing in a nitrogen atmosphere for over 4600 h, and over 80% efficiency maintained after continuous illumination for 400 h.

Investigation of rock genesis and geodynamic significance based on Sr-Yb granite classification and geochemical characteristics: A case study from Guangxi, China.

The intrusive bodies in the study area are categorized into two intrusive units, γπK2 and ηoπK2, based on rock structure characteristics and intrusive contact relationships. The primary lithologies are granite porphyry and quartz monzonite porphyry. Through LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating, the weighted mean ages of zircon ^206Pb/^238U for these two units were determined to be 84.09 ± 0.86 Ma and 86.10 ± 0.76 Ma, respectively. According to geochemical characteristics and Sr-Yb granite classification, the quartz monzonite porphyry is classified as Zhejiang-Fujian type granite, and the granite porphyry as Nanling type granite. The study explores the geodynamic significance of granites in the area based on Sr-Yb granite classification, identifying the lower crust metamorphic facies as amphibolite facies. The source rocks are primarily basic granulites and felsic granulites, reflecting a thermally active lower crust with poorly developed fluids. Additionally, Sr-Yb granite classification aids in determining the crustal thickness of the lower crust, which is crucial for understanding continental geological evolution. This paper discusses the optimal locations and conditions for mineralizing fluid precipitation, noting that tungsten-tin mineralization is associated with Nanling type granites and that the mineralization process generally occurs later than the diagenetic process under conditions of low pressure and low oxygen fugacity. Tungsten-tin prospecting should focus on areas where the surrounding rock temperature ranges from 300 to 500 °C, with particular attention to the contact zones of sedimentary rocks or near structural fault zones.

Multifunctional Adaptable Injectable TiN-Based Hydrogels for Antitumor and Antidrug-Resistant Bacterial Therapy.

The close relationship between bacteria and tumors has recently attracted increasing attention, and an increasing number of resources are being invested in the research and development of biomedical materials designed for the treatment of both. In this study, prefabricated TiN nanodots (NDs) and Fe(CO)5 nanoparticles are combined into sodium alginate (ALG) hydrogels to create a biomedical material for the topical treatment of breast cancer and subcutaneous abscesses, and a pseudocatalytic hydrogel with intrinsic photothermal and antibacterial activities is synthesized. TiN+Fe(CO)5+ALG hydrogels are used to determine the ability of Fe(CO)5 to promote CO production. Moreover, TiN NDs catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from hydrogen peroxide in tumor microenvironments and exhibit excellent photothermal conversion properties. After local injection of the TiN+Fe(CO)5+ALG hydrogel into subcutaneous tumors and subcutaneous abscesses, and two-zone near-infrared (NIR-II) irradiation, tumor cells and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus are effectively removed by the hydrogel, the mouse epidermis exhibiting complete recovery within 8 d, indicating that this hydrogel exhibits better antibacterial efficacy than the small-molecule antibiotic penicillin. This study demonstrates the potential of novel hydrogels for antitumor and antimicrobial combination therapy and aims to provide design ideas for the research and development of multifunctional antitumor and antimicrobial drug combinations.

Metal stannum exposure increases the risk of congenital heart defects occurence in offspring: A case-control study in Lanzhou.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to analyse the association between stannum exposure during pregnancy and congenital heart diseases in offspring. METHODS: Based on a prospective birth cohort study conducted in Gansu Maternal and Child Health Hospital from 2010 to 2012, 14,359 pregnant women were followed up using a nested case-control study method. 97 pregnant women whose offspring were diagnosed with CHDs were used as the case group, and 194 pregnant women whose offspring did not suffer from congenital heart diseases were used as the control group in a ratio of 1:2 according to their age and place of birth. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine elemental stannum in blood samples from pregnant women hospitalized for delivery and in fetal cord blood samples. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between stannum and offspring CHDs. RESULTS: There was a moderate positive correlation between the concentration of stannum in pregnant women's blood and that in umbilical cord blood. A higher concentrations of maternal blood stannum level was associated with a greater risk of CHDs (aOR 3.409, 95%CI 1.785-6.826), isolated CHDs (aOR 4.044, 95%CI 1.803-9.070), multiple CHDs (aOR 2.625, 95%CI 1.137-6.061), patent ductus arteriosus (aOR 2.882, 95%CI 1.443-5.756), atrial septal defects (aOR 3.067, 95%CI 1.406-6.690), ventricular septal defects (aOR 7.414, 95%CI 1.414-38.874). There was a correlation between the maternal and cord blood sample suggesting stannum crosses the placenta.

Arc-Discharge In Situ Synthesis of Dual-Carbonaceous-Layer-Coated SnS Nanoparticles with High Lithium-Ion Storage Capacity.

SnS-based carbon composites have garnered considerable concentration as prospective anode materials (AMs) for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, most SnS-based carbon composites underwent a two-phase or multistep preparation process and exhibited unsatisfactory LIB performance. In this investigation, we introduce a straightforward and efficient one-step arc-discharge technique for the production of dual-layer carbon-coated tin sulfide nanoparticles (SnS@C). The as-prepared composite is used as an AM for LIBs and delivers a high capacity of 1000.4 mAh g-1 at 1.0 A g-1 after 520 cycles. The SnS@C still maintains a capacity of 476 mAh g-1 after 390 cycles despite a higher current of 5.0 A g-1. The high specific capacity and long life are mainly attributed to a unique dual-carbon layers coating structure. The dual-carbon layers not only could effectively improve electrical conductivity and reduce charge-transfer resistance but also limit the alteration in bulk and self-aggregation of SnS nanoparticles. The SnS@C produced by the arc-discharge technique emerges as a promising applicant for AM in LIBs, and the arc-discharge technique provides an alternative way for synthesizing other transition metal sulfides supported on carbonaceous materials.

First-Principle Characterization of Structural, Electronic, and Optical Properties of Tin-Halide Monomers.

The growing interest in tin-halide semiconductors for photovoltaic applications demands an in-depth knowledge of the fundamental properties of their constituents, starting from the smallest monomers entering the initial stages of formation. In this first-principles work based on time-dependent density-functional theory, we investigate the structural, electronic, and optical properties of tin-halide molecules SnXn2-n, with n=1,2,3,4 and X = Cl, Br, I, simulating these compounds in vacuo as well as in an implicit solvent. We find that structural properties are very sensitive to the halogen species while the charge distribution is also affected by stoichiometry. The ionicity of the Sn-X bond is confirmed by the Bader charge analysis albeit charge displacement plots point to more complex metal-halide coordination. Particular focus is posed on the neutral molecules SnX2, for which electronic and optical properties are discussed in detail. Band gaps and absorption onset decrease with increasing size of the halogen species, and despite general common features, each molecule displays peculiar optical signatures. Our results are elaborated in the context of experimental and theoretical literature, including the more widely studied lead-halide analogs, aiming to contribute with microscopic insight to a better understanding of tin-halide perovskites.

Investigation of the Properties of Anti-Friction Coatings Deposited with Different Casting Methods.

This article presents the research results of depositing anti-friction coatings (Babbitt) using three different casting methods: static casting, flame soldering, and clad welding. Babbitt alloy coatings deposited with different casting methods are discussed and explained in terms of changes in the coating properties, such as the microstructure, hardness, strength, and chemical composition. The results showed significant differences in the aforementioned properties, depending on the chosen coating deposition method. The results of the tests confirmed the importance of using shielding gas during deposition to ensure the chemical composition of the coating. The analysis revealed that decreases in the amounts of antimony and copper in the Babbitt coating compared with the initial concentrations were influenced by selective evaporation, oxidation, and the coating process parameters associated with different coating methods. To maintain the desired balance of mechanical properties in Babbitt coatings, it is important to control the antimony and copper contents. Clad welding deposition using a non-consumable tungsten electrode and argon shielding gas achieved a chemically stable coating quite close to the initial chemical composition of the Babbitt alloy.

Impact of Temperature Optimization of ITO Thin Film on Tandem Solar Cell Efficiency.

This study examined the impact of temperature optimization on indium tin oxide (ITO) films in monolithic HJT/perovskite tandem solar cells. ITO films were deposited using magnetron sputtering at temperatures ranging from room temperature (25 °C) to 250 °C. The sputtering target was ITO, with a mass ratio of In2O3 to SnO2 of 90% to 10%. The effects of temperature on the ITO film were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopic ellipsometry, and sheet resistance measurements. Results showed that all ITO films exhibited a polycrystalline morphology, with diffraction peaks corresponding to planes (211), (222), (400), (440), and (622), indicating a cubic bixbyite crystal structure. The light transmittance exceeded 80%, and the sheet resistance was 75.1 Ω/sq for ITO deposited at 200 °C. The optical bandgap of deposited ITO films ranged between 3.90 eV and 3.93 eV. Structural and morphological characterization of the perovskite solar cell was performed using XRD and FE-SEM. Tandem solar cell performance was evaluated by analyzing current density-voltage characteristics under simulated sunlight. By optimizing the ITO deposition temperature, the tandem cell achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.74%, resulting in enhanced tandem cell efficiency.

Tailoring Stress-Relieved Structure for SnSe Toward High Performance Potassium Ion Batteries.

Metal chalcogenides as an ideal family of anode materials demonstrate a high theoretical specific capacity for potassium ion batteries (PIBs), but the huge volume variance and poor cyclic stability hinder their practical applications. In this study, a design of a stress self-adaptive structure with ultrafine SnSe nanoparticles embedded in carbon nanofiber (SnSe@CNF) via the electrospinning technology is presented. Such an architecture delivers a record high specific capacity (272 mAh g-1 at 50 mA g-1) and high-rate performance (125 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1) as a PIB anode. It is decoded that the fundamental understanding for this great performance is that the ultrafine SnSe particles enhance the full utilization of the active material and achieve stress relief as the stored strain energy from cycling is insufficient to drive crack propagation and thus alleviates the intrinsic chemo-mechanical degradation of metal chalcogenides.

Highly Reversible Tin Film Anode Guided via Interfacial Coordination Effect for High Energy Aqueous Acidic Batteries.

Sn metal is a preferable choice as anode material for aqueous acidic batteries due to its acid-tolerance, non-toxicity, and ease of recycling. However, the large size and irregular deposition morphology of polyhedral Sn particles are bad for constructing stable and high-capacity Sn metal anode because of severe hydrogen evolution and metal shedding. To tackle this critical issue, 4-tert-octylphenol pentaethoxylate (POPE) is used as an electrolyte additive to generate a thin-film Sn anode with reversible stripping/plating behavior. POPE can not only induce homogeneous surface chemistry by adsorbing on the Sn surface via coordination bonds but also inhibit hydrogen evolution by modulating the solvation shell of Sn2+. The Sn film anode delivers improved electrochemical stability over 480 h with satisfactory rate performance and low polarization. Moreover, the as-assembled PbO2//Sn battery can also provide outstanding durability at 10 mAh cm-2. This work offers new inspiration for developing a reversible Sn metal film anode.