[Impact of a program encouraging prevention in primary care on a daily and opportunistic basis]. / Impact d'un programme encourageant la prévention en soins primaires au quotidien et de façon opportuniste.

In France, clinical preventive practices are still underdeveloped and formalized, notably due to a lack of guidelines, despite the fact that a proactive and systematic prevention and health promotion strategy involving all healthcare professionals seems essential. The P3C program aims to encourage preventive clinical practices among healthcare professionals, and thus contribute to the emergence of a common culture of prevention.

A conceptual analysis of SBIRT implementation alongside the continuum of PrEP awareness: domains of fit and feasibility.

Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is a supplementary intervention that can be incorporated into the Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Care Continuum, complementing initiatives and endeavors focused on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevention in clinical care and community-based work. Referencing the Transtheoretical Model of Change and the PrEP Awareness Continuum, this conceptual analysis highlights how SBIRT amplifies ongoing HIV prevention initiatives and presents a distinct chance to address identified gaps. SBIRT's mechanisms show promise of fit and feasibility through (a) implementing universal Screening (S), (b) administering a Brief Intervention (BI) grounded in motivational interviewing aimed at assisting individuals in recognizing the significance of PrEP in their lives, (c) providing an affirming and supportive Referral to Treatment (RT) to access clinical PrEP care, and (d) employing client-centered and destigmatized approaches. SBIRT is uniquely positioned to help address the complex challenges facing PrEP awareness and initiation efforts. Adapting the SBIRT model to integrate and amplify HIV prevention efforts merits further examination.

Reasons for recovery and readiness to change among adolescents and young adults engaging in self-injury.

Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) typically begins during adolescence and the process of treatment and recovery can be challenging. We examine NSSI through the lens of the Transtheoretical Model of Change, a framework that views the process of change as five stages, with differing degrees of readiness to change. Methods: Thirty participants, both adolescents and young adults (14 to 35 years), were recruited from a tertiary care neuropsychiatric hospital. The participants were predominantly female and had self-injured at least once in the last year. They completed the Inventory of Statements about Self Injury, the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment and the Reasons to Stop Self-Injury Questionnaire. Results: Seventy-three percent were in the contemplation stage with respect to their readiness to change, while the rest were in the pre-contemplation stage. Participants endorsed a range of vulnerability and resilience related reasons to stop injuring; reasons related to self-efficacy, the addictive nature of NSSI, self-efficacy and impact on interpersonal relationships were prominent levers for the recovery process. Preliminary trends indicated that participants in the contemplation stage endorsed reasons to stop self-injuring more strongly than those in pre-contemplation. Conclusion: The findings carry implications for assessment, the amplification of reasons for recovery and individualized interventions to support the recovery process with individuals who engage in NSSI.

El Modelo Transteórico y el ejercicio en supervivientes de cáncer de mama / Transtheoretical Model and exercise in breast cancer survivors

Se presenta una revisión sistemática sobre el uso del Modelo transteórico del cambio (MTC) como predictor de adherencia al ejercicio físico (EF) en supervivientes de cáncer de mama. La revisión sistemática de literatura se hizo siguiendo el método PRISMA, en las bases de datos: Scopus, Pubmed y Psycinfo. Tanto en inglés como en español. Se incluyeron 13 artículos publicados desde junio de 2005 hasta junio de 2020. Todos ellos utilizaron constructos del MTC en sus programas. Los resultados muestran que las variables del MTC que presentan asociación con el EF son los estadios de cambio y la autoeficacia. De este modo las intervenciones que siguen el MTC ayudan a comprender la utilización del ejercicio. Sin embargo, estos resultados están limitados por el escaso tamaño de la muestra, los sesgos de selección y la falta de mediciones a largo plazo de los seguimientos. (AU)

A systematic review on the use of the Transtheoretical Model of Change (TTM) as a predictor variable of adherence to Physical Exercise (PE) in breast cancer survivors is presented. The systematic literature review was carried out following the PRISMA method in Scopus, Pubmed, and Psycinfo databases. Both in English and Spanish. Thirteen articles published from June 2005 to June 2020 were included. All of them used TTM constructs in their programs. The results show that the TCM variables that demonstrated its association with PE were stages of change and self-efficacy. Therefore, TCM-based interventions help to understand the adoption of exercise behavior. However, these findings are limited by the small sample size, selection biases, and lack of long-term measurements of follow-ups. (AU)

Integration of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Transtheoretical Model of Change for Prediction of Intentions to Reduce or Stop Alcohol Use among Thai Adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Alcohol use among Thai adolescents has been increasing over the past few decades, and efforts to control consumption by underaged youth have proven largely ineffective. Objectives: This study tested components of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Readiness to Change, based on the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), to identify useful constructs for developing alcohol use interventions for youth. Methods: A sample of 825 Thai student drinkers (65% female), between the ages of 14 and 19, were recruited in Bangkok, Thailand. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to test components of the TPB and Readiness to Change as predictors of intention to reduce/stop alcohol use while controlling for age, gender and alcohol use. Results: The model accounted for 58% of the variance of intentions. The TPB components accounted for a significant increase in variance beyond that explained by age, gender and alcohol use, ΔR2 = .23, p < .001; Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) was the strongest predictor (ß =.41, p < .001), followed by Attitudes (ß=.13, p < .001), and Subjective Norms (ß =.09, p = .002). Readiness to Change composite scores (ß=.54, p < .001) were added last and accounted for a further significant increase, ΔR2 = .24, p < .001. Conclusions: The findings suggest that interventions should assess Readiness to Change and utilize effective processes in facilitating change at each stage. Other suggestions are to improve participants' PBC and to further examine the role of specific social norms and attitudes regarding perceived benefits and disadvantages of alcohol use.

Intervention Protocol Based on Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change for Metabolic Syndrome / Protocolo de Intervenção Baseada no Modelo Transteórico de Mudança de Comportamento para Síndrome Metabólica

Abstract The present study is the translation and adaptation of an intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change directed to patients at cardiovascular risk. The original 29-session manual was translated into Portuguese, extended to 36 sessions, and applied in a pilot study. The protocol was reduced to 12 sessions through the grouping based on the processes of change. The products of the present study were the processes in each behavior, the versatility of the protocol, the interdisciplinary work, the great cost-benefit, and the potential of effectiveness. Finally, the importance of consistent training in Motivational Interview, Transtheoretical Model and group management for proper use are highlighted, and the costs and benefits of protocols versus more flexible treatments are discussed.

Resumo Trata-se da tradução e adaptação de uma intervenção baseada no Modelo Transteórico de Mudança e direcionada para pacientes com risco cardiovascular. Inicialmente, o manual original com 29 sessões foi traduzido para a língua portuguesa, sendo ampliado para 36 sessões, e posteriormente aplicado em um estudo piloto. A partir de agrupamentos pelos processos de mudança, foi reduzido para 12 sessões. Evidencia-se como produtos deste trabalho o aprofundamento dos processos em cada comportamento, a versatilidade do protocolo, o trabalho interdisciplinar, o ótimo custo-benefício e o potencial de efetividade. Por fim, salienta-se a importância de um treinamento consistente em Entrevista Motivacional, Modelo Transteórico e manejo de grupos para sua utilização adequada, e discute-se os custos e os benefícios dos protocolos versus tratamentos mais flexíveis.

Awareness, attitudes, and beliefs about music-induced hearing loss: Towards the development of a health communication strategy to promote safe listening.

OBJECTIVE: Worldwide, 1.1 billion young people are at risk of developing hearing loss due to unsafe listening. The World Health Organization plans a global health campaign to promote behavior change. In an effort to develop effective evidence-based interventions, this study identifies modifiable factors that influence listening habits. METHODS: Online survey among 1019 individuals aged 18-35. The questionnaire was based on theories of behavior change. RESULTS: Individuals not contemplating change showed a lack of knowledge, tended not to feel particularly at risk, and did not see the benefits of preventive measures. Conversely, those considering a change perceived more barriers (e.g., lack of information on how to act,). Self-efficacy was shown to play an ambivalent role. CONCLUSION: Four factors that can be influenced by a health communication intervention were identified: risk perception, perceived safe listening level due to a lack of symptoms, knowledge, and perceived benefits and barriers, in particular perceived loss of pleasure. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The first aspects can be influenced through health communication interventions. Influencing the perceived loss of pleasure additionally requires an analysis of competing pressures. To support and not exceedingly burden the individual, we further suggest to address environmental aspects (e.g., policies).

An intervention based on the stages of change, health profiles and physical activity levels of overweight and obese adults in Sarawak, Malaysia - a feasibility study.

INTRODUCTION: Physical inactivity is the one of the leading causes of major non-communicable diseases in the world. The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of an intervention program based on the stages of change, physical activity levels and health profiles of selected overweight and obese adults in Sarawak. METHODS: This intervention study was carried out using selected overweight and obese adults in Sarawak. A total of 75 participants were placed in the intervention group, and 80 respondents were placed in the control group participated. Respondent-determined weekly aerobic exercise sessions were conducted for six months. The Malay version of the long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Transtheoretical model of change (TTM) questionnaire were used, together with anthropometric measurements and the collection of venous fasting blood profiles. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS Version 20. RESULTS: The intervention group had significant better stage transitions compared to the control group (p<0.01). They also had significantly lower total cholesterol, although both groups showed significant results (difference= 0.53, p<0.01; difference= 0.38, p=0.01). The respondent-determined intervention program was effective in improving stage transition; however, an intervention of longer duration could provide more conclusive health outcomes. CONCLUSION: Physical activity plays a role in assisting overweight and obese adults to be more active and healthier.

An intervention based on the stages of change, health profiles and physical activity levels of overweight and obese adults in Sarawak, Malaysia – a feasibility study

@#Introduction: Physical inactivity is the one of the leading causes of major non-communicable diseases in the world. The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of an intervention program based on the stages of change, physical activity levels and health profiles of selected overweight and obese adults in Sarawak. Methods: This intervention study was carried out using selected overweight and obese adults in Sarawak. A total of 75 participants were placed in the intervention group, and 80 respondents were placed in the control group participated. Respondent-determined weekly aerobic exercise sessions were conducted for six months. The Malay version of the long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Transtheoretical model of change (TTM) questionnaire were used, together with anthropometric measurements and the collection of venous fasting blood profiles. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS Version 20. Results: The intervention group had significant better stage transitions compared to the control group (p<0.01). They also had significantly lower total cholesterol, although both groups showed significant results (difference= 0.53, p<0.01; difference= 0.38, p=0.01). The respondent-determined intervention program was effective in improving stage transition; however, an intervention of longer duration could provide more conclusive health outcomes. Conclusion: Physical activity plays a role in assisting overweight and obese adults to be more active and healthier.

Spotlight on the Patient Health Engagement model (PHE model): a psychosocial theory to understand people's meaningful engagement in their own health care.

The concept of patient engagement in health care is gaining more and more attention not only in the scientific literature, but also as a requirement in the everyday practices of health care organizations. In general terms, the growing body of literature devoted to patient engagement is mainly inspired by the sociological and public health perspectives, which have generated various theories and models trying to explain how people become active agents in their health and care management. However, theories focusing on the psychosocial dimensions intervening in the patient engagement experience are still limited. This paper proposes a psychosocial perspective on patient engagement and discusses the Patient Health Engagement model, which is an evidence-based psychological theory built on extensive qualitative narrative research and literature analysis aimed at explaining patient engagement and its development in the patients' perspective. The model has been applied to orient patient and professional educational interventions and has contributed to the generation of the first scientific measure of the psychological experience of patients' engagement in their own care (Patient Health Engagement scale). According to this theory, patient engagement is a developmental process that involves the recovered patients' ability to have a life projectuality and goal directedness - even if living with a disease. The paper will also discuss the theoretical origins of this model and will conduct a critical comparison of the theory with the Transtheoretical Model of Change developed by Prochaska and the five-stage grief theory by Kubler-Ross.

Sustainable Transportation Attitudes and Health Behavior Change: Evaluation of a Brief Stage-Targeted Video Intervention.

Promoting physical activity and sustainable transportation is essential in the face of rising health care costs, obesity rates, and other public health threats resulting from lack of physical activity. Targeted communications can encourage distinct population segments to adopt active and sustainable transportation modes. Our work is designed to promote the health, social, and environmental benefits of sustainable/active transportation (ST) using the Transtheoretical Model of Change (TTM), which has been successfully applied to a range of health, and more recently, sustainability behaviors. Earlier, measurement development confirmed both the structure of ST pros and cons and efficacy measures as well as the relationship between these constructs and ST stages of change, replicating results found for many other behaviors. The present paper discusses a brief pre-post video pilot intervention study designed for precontemplators and contemplators (N = 604) that was well received, effective in moving respondents towards increased readiness for ST behavior change, and improving some ST attitudes, significantly reducing the cons of ST. This research program shows that a brief stage-targeted behavior change video can increase readiness and reduce the cons for healthy transportation choices.

Transtheoretical Model of Change during Travel Behavior Interventions: An Integrative Review.

This study aims to identify the relevant empirical work, to synthesize its findings, and to thus attain a general understanding of the application of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) in transport behavior research. An integrative literature review was used to determine whether or not the implemented interventions impact the stages and processes of travel behavior change. Data was collected from different databases. English language articles published between 2002 and 2017 were included. After sequentially narrowing the search and removing duplicates, 53 relevant papers remained, 13 of which fulfilled the stated criteria of constituting a transport intervention study using the TTM as a reference frame. The final 13 studies were classified and categorized according to stages and processes in the TTM. Findings showed that none of the interventions met the method requirements for a proper evaluation of design and outcome measurement. Reporting did not follow a standardized structure desirable when enabling comparative analyses. Allowing for these shortcomings, it is inferred that positive travel behavior changes have been obtained during some interventions. Importantly, although it was stated that the empirical studies were based on the TTM, the included interventions were implemented irrespective of the individual's stage of change. For future research, it will be necessary to conduct evaluations of higher quality.

Avaliação da autoeficácia e tentação em dependentes de cocaína/crack após tratamento com o modelo transteórico de mudança (MTT) / Assessment self-efficacy and temptation in dependent cocaine/crack after treatment with transtheoretical model of change (TTM)

O modelo transteórico de mudança (MTT) auxilia na mudança de comportamento, como o uso de drogas, e do qual fazem parte a autoeficácia para abstinência, tentação para uso de drogas e os processos de mudança. Este artigo teve como objetivo comparar a autoeficácia e tentação após intervenção com o MTT em dependentes de cocaína/crack, e a relação dos conceitos com os processos de mudança. Utilizou-se uma análise de dados secundários, onde participaram 39 dependentes de cocaína e/ou crack, homens e mulheres com os instrumentos: protocolo de entrevista, WAIS-III, MEEM, DASE, TUD e EPM. Houve aumento da autoeficácia e diminuição de tentação após intervenção com o MTT, e encontrou-se que quanto mais autoeficácia e menos tentação mais eram utilizados os processos comportamentais autodeliberação, contracondicionamento e relações de ajuda. Portanto, a intervenção com MTT provocou efeitos esperados que proporcionam mudança no uso de cocaína/crack aliada à maior autoeficácia e menor tentação.(AU)

The transtheoretical model of change (TTM) assists in changing behavior, such as drug use, and which are part of the self-efficacy for abstinence, temptation to use drugs and change processes. This study aimed to compare the self-efficacy and temptation after intervention with TTM in cocaine / crack, and the relationship of the concepts with the processes of change. We used a secondary data analysis, attended by 39 dependents of cocaine and / or crack, men and women with the tools: interview protocol, WAIS-III, MMSE, DASE, TUD and EPM. There was an increase in self-efficacy and decrease the temptation after intervention with the TTM, and found that the more self-efficacy and less temptation plus autodeliberação behavioral processes were used, counter-conditioning and aid relationships. Therefore, intervention with TTM brought expected effects that provide change in the use of cocaine / crack combined with higher self-efficacy and less temptation.(AU)

Motivation and substance use outcomes among adolescents in a school-based intervention.

The stages of change (Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, and Maintenance) have been well studied in adult populations. However, fewer studies have examined how the stages of change are related to adolescent substance use. Furthermore, there have been no studies that have examined how the stages of change relate to outcomes in a school-based intervention. To better capture adolescent motivation, we added an additional group to the Transtheoretical Model of Change, which we titled Coerced Action, to represent adolescents that made changes to their substance use despite low problem recognition (representing the internal motivation of Precontemplation and the change behaviors of the Action group). We then examined how the stages of change were related to a thorough assessment of substance use at baseline and corresponding treatment outcomes. Our sample consisted of 264 adolescents (mean age: 16.1, 44.5% Caucasian, 37.5% female) who participated in an 8-week, school-based Motivational Enhancement intervention. Results indicated significant group differences across the stages of change in substance use patterns (alcohol use, negative consequences, affective dysregulation), as well as treatment outcomes (alcohol use and negative consequences). For instance, adolescents in the Action group demonstrated more negative consequences at 16weeks follow-up than those in Precontemplation and Coerced Action, F(1, 3)=8.23, p<.001. The Coerced Action group reported the most alcohol use at 16weeks follow-up, although the finding was not significant when post-hoc tests were conducted. This study provides meaningful support for the assessment of motivation among adolescent substance users within school-based settings.

A Longitudinal Examination of Stages of Change Model Applied to Mammography Screening.

Application of behavior change theories to ethnically diverse groups is limited. In a secondary analysis of intervention study data, we tested the validity of the transtheoretical model (TTM) of change among Chinese American immigrant women. Three hundred mammography non-adherent women were randomized to an intervention or control group. Compared with contemplators (60%), precontemplators reported higher perceived mammography barriers (p < .001) and lower breast cancer susceptibility (p < .01). Baseline contemplators were 1.5 times more likely to have a mammogram post intervention compared with precontemplators. Upward shift in stage of change was higher in the intervention than the control group at 3 months (odds ratio [OR] = 6.14), 6 months (OR = 4.82), and 12 months (OR = 2.85). Women with an upward shift at 3 months were more likely to complete mammography at 12 months (OR = 15.44). The results supported the TTM stages of change. Education targeted to Chinese women's stages of change has significant potential to decrease breast cancer screening disparities.

The Impact of Appraisals and Context on Readiness to Leave a Relationship Following Intimate Partner Abuse.

The current longitudinal study examined the relative impact of symptoms and appraisals as well as contextual and demographic factors on women's subsequent readiness to leave a relationship following intimate partner abuse. An ethnically diverse sample of women (N = 177) completed measures assessing posttrauma appraisals, symptoms, dependence on the perpetrator, and abuse characteristics. One year later, women reported on their readiness to leave the relationship. Regression analyses revealed that readiness to leave was (a) positively predicted by fear appraisals, (b) negatively predicted by shame appraisals, and (c) significantly associated with additional contextual factors (i.e., dependence on the perpetrator, stalking behaviors).

Nursing students' intentions to comply with standard precautions: an exploratory prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Partial compliance of health care workers with standard precaution (SP) guidelines has been extensively documented. The aim of this study was to describe the development of nursing students' intentions to comply with SPs. METHODS: Prospective cohort study. Two consecutive classes of a 4-year bachelor of nursing program completed questionnaires 3 times. The transtheoretical model of change was used to describe the change in intentions to comply with SPs. Factor analysis displayed 2 behavioral categories: commonly used standard precautions (CUSPs) and less commonly used standard precautions (LUSPs). Knowledge, risk perception, sense of coherence (SOC), safety climate (SC), and emphasis given by educators were evaluated as associated factors. RESULTS: Of the 91 students, 85 (93%) completed the questionnaire during their second year, 57 of 88 students (65%) completed it during the third year, and 70 of 82 students (85%) completed it at the end of the fourth year. Of the 82 students, 45 (55%) completed 3 measurements. CUSPs exhibited a rise from the second to the third year, with a moderate decline from the third to the fourth year, whereas LUSPs continued ascending. CUSPs were positively associated with SC and SOC; LUSPs were commonly associated with risk perception. CONCLUSION: The different evolution of CUSPs and LUSPs and dissimilar associations may suggest that different strategies might encourage diverse SP behaviors. Improving the SC might be appropriate when aiming to encourage CUSPs, and highlighting risks may be appropriate to encourage LUSPs.

Correlates of motivation to change in pathological gamblers completing cognitive-behavioral group therapy.

OBJECTIVES: The present study analyzes the association between the motivation to change and the cognitive-behavioral group intervention, in terms of dropouts and relapses, in a sample of male pathological gamblers. The specific objectives were as follows: (a) to estimate the predictive value of baseline University of Rhode Island Change Assessment scale (URICA) scores (i.e., at the start of the study) as regards the risk of relapse and dropout during treatment and (b) to assess the incremental predictive ability of URICA scores, as regards the mean change produced in the clinical status of patients between the start and finish of treatment. METHOD: The relationship between the URICA and the response to treatment was analyzed by means of a pre-post design applied to a sample of 191 patients who were consecutively receiving cognitive-behavioral group therapy. The statistical analysis included logistic regression models and hierarchical multiple linear regression models. RESULTS: The discriminative ability of the models including the four URICA scores regarding the likelihood of relapse and dropout was acceptable (area under the receiver operating haracteristic curve: .73 and .71, respectively). No significant predictive ability was found as regards the differences between baseline and posttreatment scores (changes in R(2) below 5% in the multiple regression models). CONCLUSIONS: The availability of useful measures of motivation to change would enable treatment outcomes to be optimized through the application of specific therapeutic interventions.

Modelo Transteórico de Mudança: Contribuições para o coaching de executivos / The Transtheoretical Model of Change: Contributions to executive coaching / Modelo Transteórico de Cambio: Contribuciones al coaching de ejecutivos

O coaching de executivos tem sido cada vez mais empregado pelas organizações. Embora haja um número expressivo de praticantes nesse mercado, há uma grande carência de modelos teóricos e de pesquisas. Em decorrência disso, tem sido apontada a necessidade de se lastrear o coaching em evidências empiricamente mais consistentes, ainda que incorporando contribuições de conhecimentos já existentes nas ciências comportamentais e sociais. Além disso, a mudança comportamental tem sido tema recorrente, nas diferentes abordagens empregadas, mesmo que de orientações distintas. Neste contexto, alguns autores têm sugerido que o Modelo Transteórico de Mudança seja adaptado para o processo de coaching; tanto por ser um modelo direcionado à mudança comportamental, como pelo fato de ter forte sustentação empírica. Esse modelo caracteriza os seis estágios que ocorrem em todo processo de mudança comportamental: pré-contemplação, contemplação, preparação, ação, manutenção e término. Este artigo teórico examina possíveis contribuições e limitações do modelo, se aplicado ao processo de coaching de executivos.(AU)

Executive coaching has been widely employed in organizations. Although there is a growing number of practitioners in this market, there is still a substantial lack of theoretical models and research in it. Because of this, some authors have argued for a need of supporting the coaching process on more consistent and empirically tested evidences, even through the embodiment of already existing knowledge, from the behavioral and social sciences. Besides that, behavioral change has been a recurrent theme in many coaching processes, even when based on distinct approaches. In this context, some authors have suggested that the Transtheoretical Model of Change be adapted for the coaching process, both for its focusing on behavioral changes and for being supported by substantial empirical research. This model includes the six stages that take place in every process of behavioral change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination. This theoretical article analyzes possible contributions and limitations of the model, when applied to executive coaching.(AU)

El coaching de ejecutivos ha sido cada vez más empleado por las organizaciones. Aunque hay un número significativo de practicantes, en este mercado, hay una gran carencia de modelos teóricos y de investigación. Como consecuencia, se ha señalado la necesidad de basar el coaching en evidencias empíricamente más consistentes, aun incorporando contribuciones de conocimientos existentes en las ciencias comportamentales y sociales. Además, el cambio comportamental ha sido tema recurrente en los diferentes abordajes empleados, aunque de orientaciones distintas. En este contexto algunos autores han sugerido que el Modelo Transteórico de Cambio se adapte al proceso de coaching; tanto por ser un modelo dirigido al cambio comportamental como por el hecho de tener fuerte sustentación empírica. Este modelo caracteriza las seis etapas que ocurren en todo proceso de cambio comportamental: precontemplación, contemplación, preparación, acción, mantenimiento y término. Este artículo teórico examina posibles contribuciones y limitaciones del modelo, si se aplica al proceso de coaching de ejecutivos.(AU)

Modelo Transteórico de Mudança: Contribuições para o coaching de executivos / The Transtheoretical Model of Change: Contributions to executive coaching / Modelo Transteórico de Cambio: Contribuciones al coaching de ejecutivos

O coaching de executivos tem sido cada vez mais empregado pelas organizações. Embora haja um número expressivo de praticantes nesse mercado, há uma grande carência de modelos teóricos e de pesquisas. Em decorrência disso, tem sido apontada a necessidade de se lastrear o coaching em evidências empiricamente mais consistentes, ainda que incorporando contribuições de conhecimentos já existentes nas ciências comportamentais e sociais. Além disso, a mudança comportamental tem sido tema recorrente, nas diferentes abordagens empregadas, mesmo que de orientações distintas. Neste contexto, alguns autores têm sugerido que o Modelo Transteórico de Mudança seja adaptado para o processo de coaching; tanto por ser um modelo direcionado à mudança comportamental, como pelo fato de ter forte sustentação empírica. Esse modelo caracteriza os seis estágios que ocorrem em todo processo de mudança comportamental: pré-contemplação, contemplação, preparação, ação, manutenção e término. Este artigo teórico examina possíveis contribuições e limitações do modelo, se aplicado ao processo de coaching de executivos.

Executive coaching has been widely employed in organizations. Although there is a growing number of practitioners in this market, there is still a substantial lack of theoretical models and research in it. Because of this, some authors have argued for a need of supporting the coaching process on more consistent and empirically tested evidences, even through the embodiment of already existing knowledge, from the behavioral and social sciences. Besides that, behavioral change has been a recurrent theme in many coaching processes, even when based on distinct approaches. In this context, some authors have suggested that the Transtheoretical Model of Change be adapted for the coaching process, both for its focusing on behavioral changes and for being supported by substantial empirical research. This model includes the six stages that take place in every process of behavioral change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination. This theoretical article analyzes possible contributions and limitations of the model, when applied to executive coaching.

El coaching de ejecutivos ha sido cada vez más empleado por las organizaciones. Aunque hay un número significativo de practicantes, en este mercado, hay una gran carencia de modelos teóricos y de investigación. Como consecuencia, se ha señalado la necesidad de basar el coaching en evidencias empíricamente más consistentes, aun incorporando contribuciones de conocimientos existentes en las ciencias comportamentales y sociales. Además, el cambio comportamental ha sido tema recurrente en los diferentes abordajes empleados, aunque de orientaciones distintas. En este contexto algunos autores han sugerido que el Modelo Transteórico de Cambio se adapte al proceso de coaching; tanto por ser un modelo dirigido al cambio comportamental como por el hecho de tener fuerte sustentación empírica. Este modelo caracteriza las seis etapas que ocurren en todo proceso de cambio comportamental: precontemplación, contemplación, preparación, acción, mantenimiento y término. Este artículo teórico examina posibles contribuciones y limitaciones del modelo, si se aplica al proceso de coaching de ejecutivos.