Diversity and distribution patterns of Calcareous sponges (subclass Calcinea) from Martinique.

Calcareous sponges of the subclass Calcinea from Martinique (Caribbean Sea) are presented under an integrative perspective (morphology and DNA: ITS and C-LSU). Eleven species of six genera have been found in Martinique, three of them being new to science: Borojevia crystallina sp. nov., Clathrina delicata sp. nov., and Ernstia adunca sp. nov. Among these new records, four species were previously known from other Caribbean localities: Arturia vansoesti, Clathrina insularis, C. mutabilis, and Leucaltis clathria. Two species previously known in Brazilian waters are reported for the first time in the Caribbean Sea: Arturia alcatraziensis and C. cf. cylindractina. Finally, the occurrence of C. aurea and Leucetta floridana in Martinique is confirmed. The two molecular markers (ITS and C-LSU) and the morphological characters considered (e.g. body shape, aquiferous system and spicules) provided congruent classifications what tend to confirm their reliability for the taxonomy of Clathrinida. After the present work, a total of 17 species of Calcarea are recognised for Martinique. We discuss three types of distribution patterns (Endemic, Caribbean-Brazil, and Amphi-Atlantic), Martinique likely playing an important role as stepping stone to garantee connectivity among populations of Calcinea in the Atlantic.

Turtle cleaners: reef fishes foraging on epibionts of sea turtles in the tropical Southwestern Atlantic, with a summary of this association type

In the present study we record several instances of reef fish species foraging on epibionts of sea turtles (cleaning symbiosis) at the oceanic islands of Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and near a shipwreck, both off the coast of Pernambuco State, northeast Brazil. Nine reef fish species and three turtle species involved in cleaning are herein recorded. Besides our records, a summary of the literature on this association type is presented. Postures adopted by turtles during the interaction are related to the habits of associated fishes. Feeding associations between fishes and turtles seem a localized, albeit common, phenomenon.(AU)

No presente estudo registramos diversos episódios de peixes recifais alimentando-se de epibiontes sobre o corpo de tartarugas marinhas (simbiose de limpeza) nas ilhas oceânicas do arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha e próximo a um naufrágio na costa de Pernambuco, nordeste do Brasil. Nove espécies de peixes recifais e três espécies de tartarugas envolvidas nas associações são aqui registradas. Além de nossos registros, apresentamos também um resumo da literatura sobre o tema. As posturas adotadas pelas tartarugas durante as interações estão relacionadas com os hábitos dos peixes associados. Associações alimentares entre peixes e tartarugas podem ser consideradas como um fenômeno local, embora comum.(AU)

Spatial and temporal distribution of fish larvae in marginal lagoons of Pantanal, Mato Grosso State, Brazil

An analysis was made of the spatial and temporal distribution of the abundance and composition of fish larvae assemblies, aiming to ascertain correlations with biotic and abiotic factors in marginal lagoons of the Cuiabá River floodplain in Brazil's Pantanal wetlands. Samples were collected bimonthly in the pelagic region of the marginal lagoons (fourteen lagoons) close to the littoral zone covered by aquatic macrophytes from December 2006 to April 2007. The captured individuals consisted of 2,739 larvae, represented predominantly by Triportheus spp. (Characidae), Parodontidae, Anostomidae, Characidae and Serrasalmidae. Larval density varied among the sample lagoons in December, but the biotic (zooplankton density) and abiotic (water temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH, water transparency and lagoon depth) factors did not significantly affect larval composition and abundance. Larvae were captured throughout the sample period, with the highest densities occurring in December and early January. Temporally, lagoon depth, water transparency and fluviometric level showed a negative correlation with larval density. Both the zooplankton and the larval density vary positively, responding likewise to the environmental conditions imposed by flooding. The highest larval density was also found to coincide with the first rains (early December), when the rainfall has not yet reached its peak.(AU)

Foi realizada uma análise da distribuição espaço-temporal da abundância e composição da assembleia de larvas de peixes, com o objetivo de verificar as correlações com os fatores bióticos e abióticos em lagoas marginais da planície de inundação do rio Cuiabá, Pantanal, Brasil. As amostras foram coletadas quinzenalmente na região pelágica das lagoas, perto da zona litorânea coberta por macrófitas aquáticas, de dezembro de 2006 à março de 2007, na planície de inundação. Foram capturadas 2.739 larvas, representadas predominantemente por Triportheus spp. (Characidae), Parodontidae, Anostomidae, Characidae e Serrasalmidae. A densidade de larvas variou entre as lagoas amostradas em dezembro, mas as variáveis bióticas (densidade de zooplâncton) e abióticas (temperatura da água, condutividade elétrica, oxigênio dissolvido, pH, transparência e profundidade da lagoa) não afetaram significativamente a composição e a abundância das larvas. As larvas foram capturadas ao longo de todo o período de amostragem, com maiores densidades no mês de dezembro e início de janeiro. Temporalmente, a profundidade da lagoa, a transparência e o nível fluviométrico mostraram uma correlação negativa com a densidade de larvas. Tanto a abundância de zooplâncton, quanto à abundância de larvas variaram positivamente, respondendo da mesma forma às condições ambientais impostas pela cheia. A maior densidade de larvas coincidiu com as primeiras chuvas (início de dezembro), quando a pluviosidade ainda não tinha atingido seu pico.(AU)

Turtle cleaners: reef fishes foraging on epibionts of sea turtles in the tropical Southwestern Atlantic, with a summary of this association type

In the present study we record several instances of reef fish species foraging on epibionts of sea turtles (cleaning symbiosis) at the oceanic islands of Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and near a shipwreck, both off the coast of Pernambuco State, northeast Brazil. Nine reef fish species and three turtle species involved in cleaning are herein recorded. Besides our records, a summary of the literature on this association type is presented. Postures adopted by turtles during the interaction are related to the habits of associated fishes. Feeding associations between fishes and turtles seem a localized, albeit common, phenomenon.

No presente estudo registramos diversos episódios de peixes recifais alimentando-se de epibiontes sobre o corpo de tartarugas marinhas (simbiose de limpeza) nas ilhas oceânicas do arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha e próximo a um naufrágio na costa de Pernambuco, nordeste do Brasil. Nove espécies de peixes recifais e três espécies de tartarugas envolvidas nas associações são aqui registradas. Além de nossos registros, apresentamos também um resumo da literatura sobre o tema. As posturas adotadas pelas tartarugas durante as interações estão relacionadas com os hábitos dos peixes associados. Associações alimentares entre peixes e tartarugas podem ser consideradas como um fenômeno local, embora comum.

Lista y referencias de los crustáceos anfípodos (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) del Atlántico occidental tropical

Checklist and references of the Amphipod Crustaceans (Gammaridea) from tropical western Atlantic. The published records of Amphipoda Gammaridea of the tropical western Atlantic region were reviewed and compiled in a checklist. A total of 478 species is recorded (52 families, 199 genera). This adds 20 families and 253 species to the last published list. The families are Ampeliscidae, Amphilochidae, Amphitoidae, Anamixidae, Aoridae, Argissidae, Aristiidae, Bateidae, Biancolinidae, Bogidiellidae, Cheluridae, Colomastigidae, Corophiidae, Cyphocarididae, Cyproideidae, Dexaminidae, Endevouridae, Epimeriidae, Eusiridae, Gammaridae, Hadziidae, Haustoriidae, Hyalellidae, Hyalidae, Hyperiopsidae, Iphimediidae, Isaeidae, Ischyroceridae, Leucothoidae, Liljeborgiidae, Lysianassidae, Megaluropidae, Melitidae, Melphidippidae, Ochlesidae, Oedicerotidae, Pardaliscidae, Phliantidae, Phoxocephalidae, Platyischnopidae, Pleustidae, Podoceridae, Pontoporeiidae, Scopelocheiridae, Sebidae, Stegocephalidae, Stenothoidae, Synopiidae, Talitridae, Uristidae, and Vitjazianidae. Rev. Biol. Trop. 55 (2): 479-498 (Foliación únicamente para la versión digital: 479-528). Epub 2007 June, 29.

Se presenta una lista actualizada de los anfípodos gamarideos del Atlántico occidental tropical, la cual contiene 51 familias y 475 especies. En comparación con trabajos anteriores, el número de familias y especies de esta región se incrementó en 20 y 250, respectivamente. Las familias presentes en la lista son las siguientes: Ampeliscidae, Amphilochidae, Amphitoidae, Anamixidae, Aoridae, Argissidae, Aristiidae, Bateidae, Biancolinidae, Bogidiellidae, Cheluridae, Colomastigidae, Corophiidae, Cyphocarididae, Cyproideidae, Dexaminidae, Endevouridae, Epimeriidae, Eusiridae, Gammaridae, Hadziidae, Haustoriidae, Hyalellidae, Hyalidae, Hyperiopsidae, Iphimediidae, Isaeidae, Ischyroceridae, Leucothoidae, Liljeborgiidae, Lysianassidae, Megaluropidae, Melitidae, Melphidippidae, Ochlesidae, Oedicerotidae, Pardaliscidae, Phliantidae, Phoxocephalidae, Platyischnopidae, Pleustidae, Podoceridae, Pontoporeiidae, Scopelocheiridae, Sebidae, Stegocephalidae, Stenothoidae, Synopiidae, Talitridae, Uristidae y Vitjazianidae.