Lifestyle, meal times, and sleep patterns changes in higher education professors during COVID-19: Association with non-communicable chronic diseases.

BACKGROUND: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, educational institutions had to swiftly adapt and transition to remote teaching in order to maintain academic activities. However, these changes presented a number of challenges for professors, which could have negative effects on their health. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between changes in dietary and sleep habits, physical activity level, and sedentary behavior with the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among Brazilian higher education professors during the pandemic period. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional and retrospective study conducted using an online form. Generalized linear models, adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index, were used to verify the difference between pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Logistic regression models were used to predict the odds ratio (OR) for the development of NCDs according to physical activity time, sedentary behavior time, dietary and sleep patterns. RESULTS: A total of 936 professors residing across Brazil participated in the survey. The duration of sedentary behavior increased, sleep duration slightly decreased, and meal times shifted to earlier during the pandemic. A total of 22.9%of the participants reported the diagnosis of some NCDs during this period. Physical activity practice was associated with a lower risk of diseases during the pandemic, regardless of the intensity performed. On the other hand, late eating habits and excessive food consumption during the pandemic were associated with a higher risk. CONCLUSION: The results provide data that can help in the development of public policies that promote health actions to minimize the consequences associated with the pandemic period.

Estresse e qualidade de vida em docentes universitários / Stress and quality of life in university professors / Estrés y calidad de vida en profesores universitarios

Objetivo: analisar o nível de estresse e qualidade de vida em docentes universitários segundo a literatura científica. Método:foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica cujos dados foram coletados no período compreendido entre fevereiro de 2023 e março de 2023, utilizando-se como fontes a biblioteca eletrônica Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) e as bases de dados Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências Sociais e da Saúde (LILACS), Bases de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF) e PubMed. Resultados:Entre os fatores estressores, destacam-se a alta carga de trabalho, a falta de reconhecimento, a pressão por publicações e as relações interpessoais no ambiente de trabalho. Esses fatores podem afetar negativamente a saúde física e psicológica dos docentes, bem como sua vida pessoal, comprometendo seu bem-estar e sua satisfação profissional. Por outro lado, a revisão bibliográfica também apontou programas de intervenção que visam reduzir o estresse e promover a qualidade de vida dos docentes universitários, baseados em estratégias de prevenção, coping e apoio social. Conclusão:é fundamental compreender a relação entre estresse e qualidade de vida em docentes universitários, bem como desenvolver estratégias que possam minimizar o impacto do estresse e melhorar o bem-estar desses profissionais

Objective: to analyze the level of stress and quality of life in university professors according to the scientific literature. Method:a bibliographic review was carried out whose data were collected between February 2023 and March 2023, using as sources the electronic library Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and the databases Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Social and Health Sciences (LILACS), Nursing Databases (BDENF) and PubMed. Results:Among the stressors, high workload, lack of recognition, pressure for publications and interpersonal relationships in the work environment stand out. These factors can negatively affect the physical and psychological health of teachers, as well as their personal life, compromising their well-being and professional satisfaction. On the other hand, the literature review also pointed out intervention programs that aim to reduce stress and promote the quality of life of university professors, based on strategies of prevention, coping and social support. Conclusion:it is essential to understand the relationship between stress and quality of life in university professors, as well as to develop strategies that can minimize the impact of stress and improve the well-being of these professional

Objetivo: analizar el nivel de estrés y la calidad de vida en profesores universitarios según la literatura científica. Método:se realizó una revisión bibliográfica cuyos datos fueron recolectados entre febrero de 2023 y marzo de 2023, utilizando como fuentes la biblioteca electrónica Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) y las bases de datos Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Social and Health Sciences (LILACS), Nursing Databases (BDENF) y PubMed. Resultados:Entre los estresores, se destacan la alta carga de trabajo, la falta de reconocimiento, la presión por las publicaciones y las relaciones interpersonales en el ambiente de trabajo. Estos factores pueden afectar negativamente la salud física y psicológica de los docentes, así como su vida personal, comprometiendo su bienestar y satisfacción profesional.Por otro lado, la revisión de la literatura también señaló programas de intervención que tienen como objetivo reducir el estrés y promover la calidad de vida de los profesores universitarios, basados en estrategias de prevención, afrontamiento y apoyo social. Conclusión:es esencial comprender la relación entre estrés y calidad de vida en profesores universitarios, así como desarrollar estrategias que puedan minimizar el impacto del estrés y mejorar el bienestar de estos profesionales.

Educación Meditativa, una metodología para el autocuidado de académicos universitarios / Meditative Education, a Methodology for Self-care of University Scholars

Introducción: Dentro de la cultura organizacional, el profesor universitario es un agente clave para el logro de los aprendizajes, coordinando diariamente las solicitudes de las asignaturas y carrera, junto a las necesidades estudiantiles. Por esto, la docencia es una de las profesiones con mayor riesgo de padecer estrés, así como ansiedad y depresión. Con el objetivo de disminuir dichos factores se han creado programas para docentes con diversas actividades que promueven el autocuidado. Objetivo: Demostrar la efectividad del Programa de Educación Meditativa del Sistema Isha Judd en la disminución de los niveles de estrés, depresión y ansiedad de docentes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma de Chile. Métodos: Se desarrollaron 10 talleres presenciales dirigidos por facilitadores del Sistema ISHA Judd. Los inscritos se dividieron en tres grupos que sesionaron los lunes, en horarios diferidos (n = 22). Las reuniones fueron cada 15 días, cada sesión se dividió en seis momentos. En la primera y última sesión se realizaron Test Depresión y Ansiedad de Beck, Escala de Autoestima de Rossemberg, Escala de Estrés Percibido y encuesta de bienestar del Sistema Isha Judd. Resultados: El nivel de estrés del grupo bajó en 7,2 puntos pasando de moderado a bajo, el nivel de depresión bajó significativamente, al igual que los valores de ansiedad, llegando a leve y mínimo. El nivel de autoestima inicialmente estaba en el rango alto y al finalizar se mantuvo en el mismo rango, pero mejorando el puntaje promedio en 1,88. Conclusión: En aquellos docentes que cumplieron con los requerimientos mínimos del programa, esta metodología impactó positivamente en su satisfacción, mejorando en promedio sus niveles de estrés, ansiedad, depresión y autoestima. Este estudio presenta limitaciones por el número y tipo de muestra por lo que se sugiere realizar una segunda etapa(AU)

Introduction: Within the organizational culture, the university professor is a key agent for the achievement of learning, coordinating daily the requests of the subjects and majors, together with the students' needs. For this reason, teaching is one of the professions with the highest risk of experiencing stress, as well as anxiety and depression. In order to reduce these factors, programs have been created for teachers with various activities that promote self-care. Objective: To demonstrate the effectiveness of the Meditative Education Program of the Isha Judd System in reducing the levels of stress, depression and anxiety in teachers of the School of Health Sciences of the Universidad Autónoma de Chile. Methods: Ten face-to-face workshops were conducted by facilitators of the Isha Judd System. The participants were divided into three groups that met on Mondays, at different times (n = 22). The meetings were held every 15 days, each session was divided into six moments. In the first and last session, Beck's Depression and Anxiety Test, Rossemberg's Self-Esteem Scale, Perceived Stress Scale and the Isha Judd System wellbeing survey were applied. Results: The stress level of the group decreased by 7.2 points, going from moderate to low, the depression level decreased significantly, as did the anxiety values, reaching mild and minimal. The level of self-esteem was initially in the high range and at the end it remained in the same range, but the average score improved by 1.88 points. Conclusion: In those teachers who met the minimum requirements of the program, this methodology had a positive impact on their satisfaction, improving on average their levels of stress, anxiety, depression and self-esteem. This study has limitations due to the number and type of sample, so a second stage is suggested(AU)

Consideraciones didácticas acerca de la modalidad no presencial en las universidades / Didactic Considerations about the Non-Face-to-Face Modality in Universities

Introducción: La modalidad no presencial del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje se incrementó como respuesta a las condiciones creadas por la COVID-19, sin la necesaria preparación y experiencia de los docentes para implementarla. Objetivo: Proponer algunas consideraciones didácticas que tributan al adecuado manejo del docente de los componentes del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la implementación de la modalidad no presencial. Posicionamiento de los autores: La exitosa implementación de cualquier variante de modalidad no presencial dependerá de la preparación del docente, particularmente en Didáctica, al asumir las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones como medios de enseñanza en la misión de hacer que sus estudiantes aprendan. Conclusiones: La no presencialidad en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje se considera una alternativa viable en circunstancias de pandemia u otras equivalentes, y debe ser una modalidad complementaria en la etapa posCOVID-19. Así que los profesores tendrán que replantear el proceso en todos sus componentes, en un contexto digital que ya no tiene vuelta atrás(AU)

Introduction: Within the teaching-learning process, the non-face-to-face modality was increased as a response to the conditions created by COVID-19, but without the necessary preparation and experience for professors to implement it. Objective: To propose some didactic considerations that contribute to the professor's adequate management of the components of the teaching-learning process in the implementation of the non-face-to-face modality. Authors' position: The successful implementation of any variant of the non-face-to-face modality will depend on the professor's preparation, particularly in didactics, when assuming information and communication technologies as teaching means in the mission of making their students learn. Conclusions: Within the teaching-learning process, the non-face-to-face condition is considered a viable alternative in pandemic, or other equivalent, circumstances; it should be a complementary modality in the post-COVID-19 stage. Thus, professors will have to rethink the process focusing on all its components, within a digital context that has no turning back(AU)

Lazer antes e durante e trabalho docente durante a pandemia de covid-19 / Leisure before and during teaching work during the covid-19 pandemic

Este estudo investiga o impacto da pandemia nas experiências de lazer de professores universitários. Mediante uma abordagem qualitativa, foram coletados dados de 589 professores universitários por meio de questionários online, permitindo uma compreensão aprofundada dos desafios enfrentados. Os resultados destacam a dificuldade de conciliar as demandas profissionais com as obrigações familiares, afetando as atividades de lazer. A interação entre o ambiente doméstico e as atividades diárias limitou as oportunidades de vivenciar o lazer diversificado em diferentes espaços. A análise revelou a importância do lazer para o bem-estar dos professores, reforçando a necessidade de políticas de apoio. É relevante repensar práticas de lazer e estratégias de adaptação, especialmente diante do contexto pós-pandemia.

This study investigates the impact of the pandemic on the leisure experiences of university professors. Employing a qualitative approach, data were collected from 589 university professors through online questionnaires, allowing for a profound understanding of the challenges they faced. The results underscore the difficulty of reconciling professional demands with family obligations, affecting leisure activities. The interplay between the domestic environment and daily routines limited opportunities for diverse leisure experiences in various spaces. The analysis revealed the significance of leisure for professors' well-being, emphasizing the need for supportive policies. It is pertinent to reconsider leisure practices and adaptation strategies, particularly in the post-pandemic context.

Networking y marketing académico en docentes de una universidad de Lambayeque-Perú / Academic marketing and networking in teachers of a University of Lambayeque-Peru

Introducción y objetivo: Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación han cubierto todos los campos de acción del ser humano. El networking y el establecimiento de la marca personal registrada en internet han permitido establecer vínculos, contactos e intercambio de conocimientos libre de barreras, rompiendo fronteras geográficas y sociales, unidos en torno a intereses comunes. El objetivo fue determinar el nivel de conocimientos sobre networking y marketing académico en docentes de la Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo (USAT) durante el segundo semestre académico de 2021.Sujetos y métodos.Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, en el que se aplicó una encuesta validada a 114 docentes de la USAT durante el semestre académico 2021-II. El instrumento midió algunos datos sociodemográficos y el nivel de conocimientos en networking y marketing académico.Resultados.El nivel de conocimientos sobre networking y marketing académico en los docentes de la USAT durante el segundo semestre académico 2021 fue, en promedio, deficiente, con una puntuación de 9,34 en la escala vigesimal.Conclusiones.El networking en el contexto docente universitario es una herramienta valiosa para la mejora de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, y el marketing académico mejora la gestión de la marca profesional docente, por lo cual se debe promover su investigación e implementación en las universidades. (AU)

Introduction and objective: Information and communication technologies have covered all the fields of action of the human being, networking and the establishment of the personal brand registered on the internet, have allowed establishing links, contacts and exchange of knowledge free of barriers, breaking geographical and social borders, united around common interests. The objective was to determine the level of knowledge about academic networking and marketing in USAT teachers during the second academic semester of 2021.Subjects and methods.Descriptive cross-sectional study, where a validated survey was applied to 114 USAT teachers during the academic semester 2021-II, the instrument measured some sociodemographic data, and the level of knowledge in networking and academic marketing.Results.The level of knowledge about networking and academic marketing in the professors of the USAT during the second academic semester of 2021 was on average poor with a score of 9.34 on the vigesimal scale.Conclusions.Networking in the university teaching context is a valuable tool for improving teaching-learning processes, and academic marketing improves the management of the teaching professional brand, for which its research and implementation in universities should be promoted. (AU)

Dr. Bruno Librado Bello Gutiérrez: excelente profesor universitario / Dr. Bello Liberated Bruno Gutiérrez: excellent university professor

Se enaltecen los aspectos y servicios científicos más importantes de la vida del prestigioso doctor y su valiosa preparación como profesor, investigador, salubrista e higienista, así también como paradigma militar en situaciones excepcionales y desastres. Resulta importante destacar la personalidad, su prestigio como escritor, superación personal, dedicación, conocimientos y lograda contribución en la formación de estudiantes de Medicina, personal de enfermería, trabajadores de la salud y médicos de la Brigada Henry Reeve. El Dr. Bruno es un modelo docente que contribuye a la formación médica revolucionaria de hoy(AU)

The aspects and more important scientific services in this prestigious doctor´s life; his valuable development as professor, investigator, health worker and hygienist, also considered as a military paradigm in exceptional situations and disasters are emphasized in this semblance. His personality, prestige as a writer, personal growth, dedication, knowledge, and achieved contribution to the formation of medical students, nurses, health workers, and the International Brigade of Doctors Specialized in Disaster Situations and Serious Epidemics Henry Reeve are also highlighted. Dr. Bruno is an educational model that contributes to the current revolutionary medical training(AU)

Comunicação em saúde nas vivências de discentes e docentes de Enfermagem: contribuições para o letramento em saúde / Communication in health care from the experiences of Nursing students and teachers: contributions to health literacy

Resumo Este estudo tem como objeto a comunicação em saúde no processo formativo de enfermeiros, e como objetivo analisar concepções dos professores e estudantes do curso de graduação em enfermagem acerca da comunicação em saúde à luz do constructo do letramento em saúde. Trata-se de pesquisa descritiva, exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados por meio de narrativas individuais dos estudantes e entrevistas semiestruturadas com professores vinculados a uma universidade pública. Os dados foram analisados pela codificação indutiva, apoiada pelo software Atlas T.I, versão 8.0, e no referencial teórico do letramento em saúde. Os resultados identificaram duas categorias: 1) comunicação no cuidado de enfermagem e letramento em saúde; 2) prática na habilidade de comunicação durante a graduação. Discentes e docentes reconheceram a comunicação e sua importância no processo relacional com usuários e no contexto de sala de aula. Identifica-se a necessidade de ferramentas práticas e reflexivas para que a comunicação seja vivenciada de forma mais dialógica e participativa, tanto com usuários como em contextos de ensino-aprendizagem, com integração de elementos afetivos, motivacionais e de suporte.

Abstract The object of this study is communication about health in the training processes of nurses and the aim is to analyze the conceptions of teachers and students of an undergraduate nursing course about communication in regard to health based on the construct of health literacy. This is a descriptive, exploratory research, with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through individual narratives of students and semi-structured interviews with teachers at a public university. Data were analysed through inductive coding, supported by the Atlas T.I software, version 8.0 and using the theoretical framework of Health Literacy. The results identified two categories supported by the testimonies of students and teachers: 1) Communication in nursing care and health literacy; 2) Practice in communication skills during graduation. Students and teachers recognized the importance of communication and the relational process with patients in the classroom context. The need for practical and reflective tools is identified so that communication is experienced in a more dialogic and participatory manner, both with patients and in teaching-learning contexts, with the integration of affective, motivational and supportive elements.

The Prevalence of Voice Disorders and the Related Factors in University Professors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of voice disorders and related factors in university professors. METHODS: In this systematic review, Medline, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Eric, ProQuest, Magiran, Scientific Information Database and IranDoc databases were searched. The search was limited to January 1990 and May 2020. The inclusion criteria were reports of the prevalence of voice disorders in university professors and original studies in English and Persian languages. The exclusion criteria were studies assessing voice disorders in school or music teachers; the full-text not available; and case studies, conference papers, and review studies. All eligible studies were selected and critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Finally, a meta-analysis was performed using STATA 16.0 statistical software. RESULTS: The preliminary search yielded 1251 articles and 18 of which met the eligibility criteria. The overall prevalence of voice disorders in university professors was 41% (Pooled prevalence: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.34-0.49, P-value < 0.001). Country-based analysis showed that the highest prevalence of voice disorders among university professors was in Iran 69% (Pooled prevalence: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.62-0.76) and the lowest was in China 20% (Pooled prevalence: 0.20, CI: 0.14-0.27). Among 4037 university professors, caffeine consumption was the most frequent related factor (87%) and dry throat was the most frequent symptom (46%). CONCLUSIONS: The present study yielded about 41% of the professors had voice disorders. Among the influential habits, caffeine consumption and among the symptoms, dry throat were very common in university professors. Due to the cross-sectional nature of our studies, we were not able to perform further analyses on the risk factors for voice disorders. Therefore, more longitudinal surveys are needed for reaching a more reliable and deep view into the development of voice disorders.

Viewpoint changes of medical sciences graduates in evaluating the performance of faculty members: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify which dimensions of faculty members' evaluation criteria changed from the viewpoint of students after their graduation, and to determine the effective factors in changing their viewpoints. METHODS: This study was carried out through the qualitative approach and with conventional content analysis method. The target population included all graduates who accomplished their job duty and had a working experience of 2-4 years. A purposive sampling technique with maximum variation used to recruit and interview. Twenty-eight in depth semi-structured interviews were conducted in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (TBZMED), Iran. The data were analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS: The data analysis led to the development of two themes and 8 categories. The two types of changes in the viewpoint that were experienced by graduates in evaluating the performance of faculty members were: individual and environmental. Individual factors included the responsibility of graduates, social maturity, personal experience, intellectual maturity, understanding the causes of teachers' behaviors, and understanding the importance of evaluation. The environmental factors were applicability of learning experiences in the work environment and workplace conditions. CONCLUSION: From the perspective of graduates, the importance of some evaluation criteria in the educational, professional, and personal dimensions changed over their study period due to some factors, such as personal experience, experiences in the work environment, workplace conditions, and intellectual maturity.

Psychological distress and workload as predictors of satisfaction with life in Peruvian female university professors with a family burden.

This study aims to determine whether psychological distress and workload predict satisfaction with life in Peruvian female university professors caring for dependent relatives. A total of 157 Peruvian female university professors aged 26-58 years who were caring for dependent relatives (M = 40.50; SD = 7.72) participated in the study. Of the female university professors participating in the study, 87.3% worked in a private university. The Psychological Distress Scale (K6), the Workload Scale (ECT) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were applied to them. Through a multiple regression analysis, it was found that psychological distress (ß = .559, p < .01) and workload (ß = .173, p < .01) are variables that significantly predict satisfaction with life in university professors who are also housewives (adjusted R2 = .43), being psychological distress the variable with the highest predictive power. These findings provide evidence for the usefulness of considering both psychological distress and workload as predictors of satisfaction with life in female Peruvian university professors.

La Evolución en los Estudios Anatómicos en Venezuela durante el Siglo XIX

Resumen Para Venezuela el siglo XIX representó una época de reformas socio-económicas y políticas, complicadas en guerras y revoluciones. En esta circunstancia, el crecimiento de la actividad económica fue lento e inconstante. Los estándares de vida de la población apenas superaron el nivel de subsistencia, con un déficit persistente en el gasto educativo. En circunstancias adversas, la reforma en los estudios anatómicos en Venezuela durante el siglo XIX, se desarrolló en buena parte a la constante labor de un conjunto de perseverantes anatomistas venezolanos. Entre ellos destaca José María Vargas, reformador de los estudios médicos, quien escribió en 1838 Curso de Lecciones y demostraciones Anatómicas, el primer libro en esta materia impreso en Venezuela.

Abstract For Venezuela, the 19th century represented a time of socio-economic and political reforms, complicated by wars and revolutions. Under these circumstances, the growth of economic activity was slow and inconsistent. The living standards of the population were barely above subsistence level, with a persistent deficit in educational spending. In adverse circumstances, the reform in anatomical studies in Venezuela during the 19th century developed largely due to the constant work of a group of perseverant Venezuelan anatomists. Among them, José María Vargas, reformer of medical studies, who wrote in 1838 "Curso de Lecciones y demostraciones Anatómicas", the first book on this subject printed in Venezuela.

Impactos da pandemia de covid-19 no lazer e no trabalho do professor universitário em home office / Impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on leisure and university teacher's work in home office

A pandemia de COVID-19 trouxe novas formas de ser e estar, impactando no lazer e no trabalho do professor universitário em home office. Analisar os impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 nessas dimensões foi o foco dessa pesquisa. A coleta com 44 professores via Google Forms foi analisada via análise de conteúdo e estatística descritiva. Dados sobre perfil socioeconômico, tempo e demanda de trabalho, tempo de e satisfação com o lazer, atividades de lazer antes e durante a pandemia, lazer que sente falta e lazer novo e importância e necessidade do lazer durante a pandemia revelam que, no contexto de pandemia, refletir sobre o lazer do professor, que foi limitado, transformado e suprimido pela rápida adaptação ao trabalho remoto e pelo entrelaçar dos tempos de lazer e trabalho no ambiente doméstico, é urgente e necessário.

The COVID-19 pandemic brought new ways of being, impacting the leisure and the work of the university professor in home office. Analyzing the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in these dimensions was the aim of this study. The collection with 44 professor's via Google Forms was analyzed via content analysis and descriptive statistics. Data on socioeconomic profile, time and demand for work, time spent and satisfaction with leisure, leisure activities before and during the pandemic, missing leisure and new leisure and the importance and need for leisure during the pandemic reveal that, in the context of pandemic, reflecting on the professor's leisure, which has been limited, transformed and suppressed by the rapid adaptation to remote work and by the interweaving of leisure and work times in the domestic environment, is urgent and necessary.

Sentido del trabajo: un análisis con docentes brasileños y argentinos / Sense of work: an analysis with Brazilian and Argentine professors

Las organizaciones han buscado alternativas para mejorar la calidad de vida de los trabajadores y uno de los aspectos que influyen en el comportamiento es el sentido del trabajo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar las diferencias y similitudes en el sentido del trabajo de los docentes brasileños y argentinos. Es un estudio de caso con un enfoque mixto, clasificado en cuantitativo y cualitativo. En la etapa cuantitativa se utilizó la Escala del Trabajo con Sentido con la cual se obtuvieron datos de 354 encuestados, que fueron sometidos a estadística descriptiva. La etapa cualitativa se llevó a cabo a través de entrevistas no estructuradas con 16 docentes, 8 de los cuales eran argentinos y 8 brasileños, que se sometieron a análisis de contenido. Los resultados revelaron que los docentes argentinos y brasileños tienen un trabajo significativo, ya que todos los factores fueron clasificados como altos. Estos datos fueron corroborados por los análisis cualitativos que mostraron estar en línea con los resultados cuantitativos. El orden en que los factores resultaron más positivos en la muestra general fue: utilidad social del trabajo, aprendizaje y desarrollo, coherencia y expresividad, calidad de las relaciones, libertad y ética en el trabajo. Considerando los valores similares encontrados, se identificó que la percepción del sentido del trabajo no está influenciada por la diferencia de nacionalidad(AU)

Organizations have sought alternatives to improve the quality of life of workers and one of the aspects that influence behavior is the sense of work. The objective of this study was to examine differences and similarities in the sense of the work among Brazilian and Argentine professors. This was a case study that used a mixed quantitative and qualitative approach. In the quantitative phase, we used the Work with Sense Scale, collecting data on 354 respondents, analysed through descriptive statistics. The qualitative phase consisted of a series of unstructured interviews with 16 professors, 8 of whom were Argentine and 8 Brazilian, followed by content analysis. The results revealed that Argentine and Brazilian professors feel their jobs are significant and have meaning, since all the factors were classified as high. These data were corroborated by the qualitative analysis that was in line with the quantitative findings. In order, the most positively valued factors in the general sample were: social utility of work, learning and development, coherence and expressiveness, quality of relationships, freedom and work ethic. Given the similar findings across both groups of professors, we did not find that sense of work is influenced by nationality(AU)

Factors that influence the university's inclusive educational processes: perceptions of university professors.

BACKGROUND: Training in attention to diversity is a key aspect for achieving the inclusion of students with special educational needs in higher education for these students to have access to the same rights as any other student. AIMS: To determine, through the perceptions of university professors, if the existence of barriers that arise in the teaching-learning process is determined by various factors of interest such as gender, training in attention to diversity, and, even, the attitudes that the professors present before the inclusion of these students. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: The research was carried out in eight universities in Andalusia (Spain), using as the main method of data collection a validated survey, the APTD Scale (Accessibility, Processes, Training, Demand), with the participating sample of 580 university professors. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: The university professors generally agree to perform inclusive actions in their teaching-learning process, although a significant association between variables. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The study includes a series of perceptions that may help other university professors to make their practice more inclusive.

Association of health status, sociodemographic factors and burnout in healthcare professionals: results from a multicentre observational study in Italy.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to measure the burden of burnout in a sample of healthcare workers (HCWs) consisting of general practitioners, professors from the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, nurses, medical students and nursing students. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional questionnaire survey. METHODS: A descriptive analysis was carried out, using averages, medians, standard deviations (SD) and ranges for quantitative variables. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were also performed. RESULTS: In total, 535 HCWs completed the survey. Multivariate analysis shows that increasing age (ß = -0.183; P = 0.047), being a university professor (ß = -0.118; P = 0.001), having a high physical score (ß = -0.370; P < 0.001) and a high mental score (ß = -0.574; P < 0.001) resulted in less personal burnout. Low work burnout was associated with being a student (ß = -0.144; P < 0.001), a university professor (ß = -0.146; P < 0.001), having a high physical score (ß = -0.366; P < 0.001) and having a high mental score (ß = -0.648; P < 0.001). Being female (ß = -0.122; P < 0.001), a university professor (ß = -0.333; P = 0.001), a student (ß = -0.433; P < 0.001), having a high physical score (ß = -0.26; P < 0.01) and having a high mental score (ß = -0.460; P < 0.001) were predictors for reduced client burnout. However, high client burnout was seen in individuals who had a commuting time >30 min (ß = 0.084; P = 0.012) predicts. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that burnout is an important issue among HCWs and that prevention strategies must be considered, with a particular focus on physical and mental health.

La profesión académica en salud: ¿formación o capacitación? / The academic profession in the health area: formation or capacity building?

Introducción: El papel del profesor universitario como orientador, facilitador e investigador necesita de una actualización permanente, no solo desde su saber disciplinar, sino desde el área pedagógica que le permita, durante el ejercicio académico, una postura más educativa que trascienda al sujeto para contribuir al mejoramiento de la calidad educativa. Objetivo: Identificar el nivel de formación de los profesores en ciencias de la salud en una institución de educación superior en Cali Colombia. Desarrollo: Como todas las profesiones, la académica ha estado sujeta a los cambios que la globalización impone. Por ello es pertinente que los profesores del campo de las ciencias de la salud comprendan que formar a los estudiantes requiere del mejoramiento permanente de prácticas que posibiliten la formación integral a partir de modelos activos participativos y no solo de la adquisición del conocimiento en un saber disciplinar propio. Conclusiones: La profesión académica, como un reconocimiento a la acción académica en la educación superior, ha centrado su importancia en la formación de los docentes. En el modelo de enseñanza de los profesionales persisten esquemas repetitivos, acríticos y poco reflexivos(AU)

Introduction: The role of the university professor as a counselor, facilitator and researcher needs to be updated permanently, not only from his/her disciplinary knowledge, but from the pedagogical area that allows him/her, during the academic practice, a more educational position transcending the subject to contribute to the improvement of educational quality. Objective: To identify the level of training of professors in health sciences. Development: Like all professions, teaching has been subject to changes imposed by globalization. For this reason, it is relevant for teachers in the field of health sciences to understand that training students requires permanent improvement of practices that enable comprehensive training based on active participatory models, and not only the acquisition of knowledge in disciplinary knowledge. Conclusions: The scholarly profession, as a recognition of academic action in higher education, has focused its importance on training teachers. In the professional teaching model, there are still repetitive, uncritical and not very reflective schemes(AU)

COVID-19: emergency remote teaching and university professors' mental health / COVID-19: ensino remoto emergencial e saúde mental de docentes universitários

Astract Objectives: reflections on the experiences of emergency remote teaching by the faculty of the university and the impacts of these professionals' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: this is a bibliographic review. The descriptors "Docent", "Mental health", "Covid-19", "Higher Education" were used in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The articles found were selected using the pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The text was organized into two thematic approaches: "Emergency remote teaching and the professors' difficulties /challenges" and "Professors'mental health during the COVID-19pandemic". Results: in view of the current educational context, professors faced new demands that had repercussions on their social and work routine, due to the increase in the number of hours, the pace and diversity of work. It was evident that these professionals were affected financially, affectively and motivational aspects. Conclusions: the pandemic brought a series of feelings and perceptions to the professor with new challenges in his/her teaching. However, it is important to encourage the establishment of reflective processes around physical and mental balance in and outside the educational environment.

Resumo Objetivos: refletir a respeito das experiências do ensino remoto emergencial pelo corpo docente universitário e dos impactos na saúde mental desses profissionais durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica. Foram utilizados os descritores "Docente", "Saúde mental", "Covid-19", "Ensino Superior" nas línguas portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola. Os trabalhos encontrados foram selecionados por meio dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão pré-estabelecidos. O texto foi organizado em duas abordagens temáticas: "O ensino remoto emergencial e as dificuldades/ desafios dos docentes " e "A saúde mental dos docentes durante a pandemia da COVID-19". Resultados: diante do atual contexto educacional, os docentes se depararam com novas exigências que repercutiram em sua rotina social e laboral, em virtude do aumento da carga horária, do ritmo e diversidade do trabalho. Evidenciou-se que esses profissionais foram afetados em aspectos financeiros, afetivos e motivacionais. Conclusão: a pandemia trouxe para o professor uma série de sentimentos e percepções, com novos desafios para a sua prática. Entretanto, é importante estimular o estabelecimento de processos reflexivos em torno do equilíbrio físico e mental no ambiente educacional e fora dele.

Docencia universitaria en salud: análisis de la distribución entre tipos de cargo y género / University teaching in health: analysis of the distribution between job types and gender

Introduction: Despite the great contribution of women to health systems, men still occupy most leadership positions. The gender gap in leadership roles in healthcare is prevalent worldwide. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that analyses the distribution of the types of appointments defined by hierarchy, duration of employment, and percentage of FTE and the positions occupied by women faculty compared with male counterparts. The unit of analysis corresponds to faculty positions in 2018 since each faculty can have more than one position with different hierarchy, duration, and percentage of FTE. We used logistic multivariate analysis to assess associations, considering the model with the lowest AIC. Results: Age group 31 to 50 years (AOR: 0.66; IC 95%: 0.50-0.87) and FTE appointments (AOR: 0.43; IC 95%: 0.29- 0.64) are significantly associated with positions assigned to women. For appointment type defined by hierarchy TA, is significantly occupied by a female when compared to each group of increased hierarchy, Assistant professor (AOR: 1.39; IC 95%: 1.14-1.70), Associate professor (AOR: 2.67: IC 95%: 1.95- 3.67), Full professor (AOR: 3.47; IC 95%: 2.27-5.30) and authorities (AOR: 5.57; IC 95%: 3.53-8.79). Conclusions: There is almost no representation of women in the highest-ranking positions, which are associated with academic recognition, decision-making, and higher pay. The higher prevalence of full-time positions occupied by women could be linked to women still being responsible for household and family tasks

Introducción: A pesar de la gran contribución de las mujeres a los sistemas de salud, a nivel mundial los hombres son mayoría en los puestos de liderazgo. A nivel mundial, la brecha de género en los cargos de liderazgo en atención médica es persistente. Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal que analiza la distribución de los tipos de cargos docentes ocupados por mujeres de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Buenos Aires según jerarquía, dedicación y regularidad, comparados con su contraparte masculina. La unidad de análisis corresponde a las posiciones, ya que cada docente puede tener más de un cargo. Usamos regresión logística considerando el modelo con el AIC más bajo. Resultados: Grupo de edad de 31 a 50 años (ORA: 0.66; IC 95%: 0.50 a 0.87) y la dedicación exclusiva (ORA: 0.43; IC 95%: 0.29 a 0.64) están significativamente asociados con posiciones ocupadas por mujeres. Para el tipo de cargos definidos por jerarquía, "ayudante de cátedra" está ocupado significativamente por mujeres, en comparación con cada grupo de jerarquía creciente, Jefe de Trabajos Prácticos (ORA: 1.39; IC 95%: 1.14 a 1.70), Profesor Adjunto (ORA: 2.67; IC 95%: 1.95 a 3.67), Profesor Titular (ORA: 3.47; IC 95%: 2.27 a 5.30) y autoridades (ORA: 5.57; IC 95%: 3.53 a 8.79). Conclusiones: Escasa representación femenina en los puestos de mayor rango asociados con reconocimiento académico, toma de decisiones y mejor salario. La dedicación exclusiva en las mujeres podría estar relacionada con que ellas que siguen siendo responsables de las tareas domésticas y familiares

Importância das habilidades de ensino em saúde atribuída por estudantes e professores universitários / Importance of health teaching skills attributed by university students and professors / Importancia de las habilidades de la enseñanza en la salud que le atribuyen los estudiantes y los profesores universitarios

Resumo O artigo teve como objetivo analisar a importância atribuída às habilidades de ensino em saúde por estudantes e docentes universitários dos cursos de Enfermagem e Medicina. Os dados foram coletados em 2017 com base na aplicação de duas escalas de habilidades de ensino em saúde a 315 estudantes e 80 docentes. Foram analisadas, por meio de testes não paramétricos, diferenças entre grupos de estudantes (tipo de curso, de instituição e faixa etária) e de professores (tipo de curso, de instituição, tempo de atuação e tipo de prática docente). Os resultados indicaram elevada importância das habilidades de ensino em saúde tanto para professores quanto para estudantes universitários. Foram observadas, também, diferenças significativas entre estudantes dos cursos de Enfermagem e Medicina, de instituições públicas e privadas, assim como de professores com tempos de atuação e práticas docentes distintas. Esse resultado incentiva a realização de pesquisas que avaliem as habilidades de ensino em saúde adotadas em cursos universitários, pois contribuem diretamente para o desenvolvimento de ações de formação docente.

Abstract The article aimed to analyze the importance attributed to health teaching skills by students and university professors of Nursing and Medicine courses. The data were collected in 2017 based on the application of two health teaching skill scales to 315 students and 80 teachers. Differences between groups of students (type of course, institution and age group) and teachers (type of course, institution, length of service and type of teaching practice) were analyzed using non-parametric tests. The results indicated a high importance of health teaching skills for both teachers and university students. Significant differences were also observed between students from the Nursing and Medicine courses, from public and private institutions, as well as from professors with different working times and teaching practices. This result encourages research to assess the health teaching skills adopted in university courses, as they directly contribute to the development of teacher training actions.

Resumen El artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar la importancia que les atribuyen a las habilidades de la enseñanza en la salud los estudiantes y los docentes universitarios de los cursos de Enfermería y Medicina. Los datos se recogieron en 2017 con base en la aplicación de dos escalas de habilidades de enseñanza en la salud a 315 estudiantes y a 80 docentes. Se analizaron, por medio de tests no paramétricos, diferencias entre grupos de estudiantes (tipo de curso, de institución y franja de edad) y de profesores (tipo de curso, de institución, tiempo de actuación y tipo de práctica docente). Los resultados indicaron elevada importancia de las habilidades de enseñanza en la salud tanto para profesores como para estudiantes universitarios. Se observaron, también, diferencias significativas entre estudiantes de los cursos de Enfermería y Medicina, de instituciones públicas y privadas, así como de profesores con tiempos de actuación y prácticas docentes distintas. Este resultado incentiva la realización de estudios que evalúen las habilidades de la enseñanza en la salud adoptadas en cursos universitarios, pues contribuye directamente para el desarrollo de acciones de formación docente.