ABSTRACT
Being digitally competent is an imperative requirement for the 21st century university teacher, a fact recognized by both the literature and policymakers. Although this topic has been addressed in different reviews and critical studies recently, none of them have systematically and explicitly addressed the factors that explain, or are explained by, the digital competencies of university teachers. Examples of these factors include, among others, demographic, professional and psychological aspects of university teachers, as well as very specific digital competencies. The present study seeks to close this gap through a systematic mapping of the literature published until 2021 in journals indexed by Scopus and Web of Science (WOS). Based on the selection of 53 primary studies, we characterized the literature and summarized the main results reported so far. The analysis allowed us to conclude the following: 1) there is a growing number of contributions aimed at understanding the acquisition of digital competencies, especially from external factors; 2) European, and more specifically Spanish, university teachers from multiple disciplines are the most studied population; 3) most studies adopted quantitative approaches to explain but not prove causality; 4) there is a great heterogeneity of relationships and results that explain the digital competencies of university professors. The implications of these results are discussed with a view to identifying the gaps that provide scope for future research.
ABSTRACT
El presente trabajo se enmarca dentro del proyecto de investigación UBACyT: "Usos de las TIC y prácticas de enseñanza en docentes universitarios de psicología". Su objetivo es, desde una perspectiva contextualista investigar y analizar el uso y las prácticas con TIC (Tecnologías de la información y la comunicación), de los docentes universitarios de psicología, poniendo en relación las prácticas de uso de las TIC instrumentales-mercantiles y las prácticas de enseñanza. Se aportará un avance del mencionado proyecto a través de los datos obtenidos hasta el momento, que abordan la problemática del uso de las TIC en la Universidad.
The present article is part of the UBACyT project of investigation "Uses of ICT and teaching practices in psychology university teachers" which aim is to investigate and analyze the use and practices with ICT of psychology university teachers, from a contextualistic perspective, relating the instrumental-mercantile use of ICT and the teaching practices. The progress in the project will be presented through the data obtained so far, which introduces the issue of the use of ICT at the University.
ABSTRACT
La educación incide en el desarrollo social y cultural de las naciones, por lo que de su perfeccionamiento se esperan logros significativos en el avance integral de la sociedad. En el campo de la educación en ciencias de la salud es crucial la formación de docentes que puedan afrontar los retos que se plantean en el ámbito mundial y mantener altos estándares de calidad. En el presente artículo se analizan los diversos parámetros establecidos para definir las competencias de los docentes en ciencias de la salud, sus funciones y las actividades necesarias para su cumplimiento involucrando a los diversos actores del proceso educativo. Este modelo busca generar procesos formativos de mayor calidad, con base en las necesidades de la sociedad, del desarrollo de la profesión y del trabajo académico. Asumir esta responsabilidad implica que las facultades de ciencias de la salud redefinan sus proyectos educativos y promuevan de manera congruente acciones pedagógicas que se traduzcan en modificaciones reales de las prácticas docentes. Por ello es importante que los docentes participen continuamente en acciones de formación y capacitación para desarrollar competencias similares a las que buscan formar en los estudiantes.
Education affects the social and cultural development of nations; therefore, significant achievements in the integral advance of society are expected from its improvement. Training of teachers in the field of health sciences education is crucial to enable them to confront the new challenges that arise worldwide and to maintain high quality standards. In this article the diverse parameters established to define the competences of health sciences teachers, their functions, and the activities necessary to fulfil their goals are analyzed, involving the different actors of the educational process. This model tries to generate higher quality learning processes, based on the needs of society, the development of the profession and of the academic work. To assume this responsibility the health sciences faculties need to redefine their educational projects and consistently promote actions that translate into real changes in the teaching practices. Therefore, it is important for teachers to be continuously involved in training activities to develop competences similar to those they expect their students to acquire.