Vascularized Bone Grafting Versus the 2-Stage Masquelet Technique for Upper-Extremity Bone Reconstruction: A Meta-Analysis.

PURPOSE: Vascularized bone grafting (VBG) has been described as the technique of choice for larger bone defects in bone reconstruction, yielding excellent results at the traditional threshold of 6 cm as described in the literature. However, we hypothesize that the 2-stage Masquelet technique provides equivalent union rates for upper-extremity bone defects regardless of size, while having no increase in the rate of patient complications. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed and Scopus for outcomes after VBG and the Masquelet technique for upper-extremity bone defects of the humerus, radius, ulna, metacarpal, or phalanx (carpal defects were excluded). A meta-analysis was performed to compare outcomes following VBG and the Masquelet technique at varying defect sizes. RESULTS: There were 77 VBG (295 patients) and 25 Masquelet (119 patients) studies that met inclusion criteria. Patients undergoing the Masquelet technique had defect sizes ranging from 0-15 cm (average 4.5 cm), while patients undergoing VBG had defect sizes ranging from 0-24 cm (average 5.9 cm). The union rate for Masquelet patients was 94.1% with an average time to union of 5.8 months, compared to 94.9% and 4.4 months, respectively, for VBG patients. We did not identify a defect size threshold at which VBG demonstrated a significantly higher union rate. No statistically significant difference was found in union rates between techniques when using multivariable logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: There was no statistically significant difference in union rates between VBG and the Masquelet technique in upper-extremity bone defects regardless of defect size. Surgeons may consider the Masquelet technique as an alternative to VBG in large bone defects of the upper extremity. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic IV.

Vascularised versus non-vascularised bone graft for scaphoid nonunion: Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and comparative studies.

Background: Numerous studies have investigated surgical techniques for vascularised bone graft (VBG) for scaphoid nonunion; however, their efficacies remain unclear. Thus, to estimate the union rate of VBG for scaphoid nonunion, we performed a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and comparative studies. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The search formula was as follows: ((scaphoid nonunion) OR (scaphoid pseudarthrosis)) AND (bone graft). Only RCTs were used in the primary analysis, and comparative studies, including RCTs, in the secondary analysis. The primary outcome was nonunion rate. We compared the outcome between VBG and non-vascularised bone graft (NVBG), pedicled VBG and NVBG, and free VBG and NVBG. Results: This study included a total of 4 RCTs (263 patients) and 12 observational studies (1411 patients). In the meta-analyses of both RCTs only and RCTs and other comparative studies, no significant difference in nonunion rate was found between VBG and NVBG (summary odds ratio [OR], 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.19-1.52 and summary OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.45-1.12), respectively. The nonunion rates of pedicled VBG, free VBG, and NVBG were 15.0%, 10.2%, and 17.8%, respectively, and no significant difference was found. Conclusions: Our results indicated that the postoperative union rate in NVBG is similar to that in VBG; thus, NVBG could be the first choice of treatment for scaphoid nonunion.

Short-Term (30-Day) Morbidity of Biliopancreatic Diversion Compared to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass as Revisional Procedures for Failed Vertical Banded Gastroplasty.

BACKGROUND: Silastic ring vertical gastroplasty (SRVG) and vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) are associated with a high failure rate due to weight regain and complications at long-term follow-up. Consequently, surgical correction for such procedures is warranted. Controversy exists as to which surgical procedure is the ideal choice for such correction. Our aim is to compare short-term outcome of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) repair for failed VBG/SRVG bariatric procedures. METHODS: The medical records of patients with failed SRVG who underwent corrective procedures at our institute between 2004 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients characteristics, surgical approaches, and intraoperative and post-operative complications were examined and compared. RESULTS: Sixty patients in total underwent a surgical corrective procedure for failed SRVG. Thirty-one patients underwent RYGB, and 29 patients underwent BPD. Major complications were seen more in the RYGB group (35% = 11) compared to the BPD (6.9% = 2). Even though anastomotic leak rates were not statistically significant (p = 0.053), an apparent tendency for such a complication was noted in the RYGB group. RYGB procedure had an increased 30-day complication rate (p = 0.055) compared to RYGB. Laparoscopic approach had statistically fewer complications than open approach. No mortality was observed in either group. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that BPD is a safe option with less complication rates than RYGB in the short-term period for surgical correction of failed VBG/SRVG procedures.

Health care services for survivors of gender-based violence: a community and clinic-based intervention in Zambézia province, Mozambique

Moçambique introduziu directrizes para serviços integrados de violência baseada no género (VBG) em 2012. Em 2017, formámos prestadores de serviços em serviços empáticos e de apoio aos sobreviventes da VBG e introduzimos serviços domiciliários para sobreviventes que não têm acompanhamento. As proporções de taxas de visitas clínicas foram comparadas antes e depois do início da intervenção, utilizando testes de significância exata. Foram revistos dados de 1.806 sobreviventes da VBG, com um total de 2.005 eventos. A idade mediana foi de 23 anos (IQR 17-30) e 89% eram mulheres. Entre aqueles que relataram violência, 69% relataram violência física, 18% relataram violência sexual (VS) e 12% relataram violência psicológica. As taxas de comportamento de procura de cuidados foram maiores no período de intervenção (razão de taxas 1,31 [IC95%: 1,18-1,46]); p < 0,01. Entre aqueles elegíveis para profilaxia pós-exposição (PEP), 94% iniciaram a PEP. A adesão ao novo teste de HIV melhorou em pontos percentuais em 34% (14% para 48%), 34% (8% para 42%) e 26% (5% para 31%) em 1, 3 e 6 meses, respectivamente . A intervenção levou a um aumento na taxa de sobreviventes de VBG que procuram serviços de saúde e melhorou as taxas de cuidados de acompanhamento entre os sobreviventes de VS que iniciaram a PEP. O reforço do aconselhamento sobre adesão à PEP continua a ser crucial para melhorar os serviços de VBG.

Low partial pressure of oxygen causes significant and unrecognized under-recovery of glucose on blood gas analyzers.

BACKGROUND: Blood gas analyzers employing glucose-oxidase biosensors under-recover glucose when pO2 is low. The manufacturer of the GEM®Premier™ series of analyzers introduced an algorithm to detect specimens at risk of low pO2 interference. We investigated the reliability of this algorithm. METHODS: Whole blood specimens were tested by GEM®Premier™ 4000 (GEM 4000) and 5000 (GEM 5000). Specimens with an incalculable ("incalc") error code for glucose result or that had a glucose ≥ 20 mmol/L were retested on a second analyzer of the same type within 5 min over the course of 30 months in 5 hospitals in Calgary, Alberta. Discordant retests were defined as either: 1) paired numeric results with a difference >10 %, or 2) an "incalc" code that yielded a numeric result upon retesting. Glucose recovery in relation to pO2 level was assessed by comparing specimens experimentally depleted of pO2 between GEM 5000 and a laboratory analyzer (Siemens Vista®). RESULTS: Of 1,776 glucose tests repeated on the GEM 5000 or 1,544 on GEM 4000, 10% were discordant. GEM 5000 produced twice as many discordant numeric retests versus the GEM 4000 [5.9% (98/1,651) vs 2.7% (38/1,391)]. The majority of "incalc" error codes repeated with a numeric glucose result on both GEM analyzers [(79.7% (122/153) vs 75.2% (94/125)]. Among specimens experimentally depleted of pO2, the GEM 5000 under-recovered glucose by up to 30% compared to the Siemens Vista and were not flagged by an "incalc" code. CONCLUSIONS: The algorithm in the GEM®PremierTM series of analyzers that flags specimens at risk for glucose under-recovery due to low pO2 does not reliably detect specimens at risk for glucose under-recovery.

A novel approach to the removal of a silastic band via the peroral endoscopic tunneling-silastic bandectomy technique.

Video 1The peroral endoscopic tunneling-silastic bandectomy technique to remove a silastic band causing a vertical banded gastroplasty stenosis. This method is a viable alternative to surgical removal of foreign bodies outside the gastrointestinal lumen.

Recurrent Pyroglutamic Acidosis in the Context of Undiagnosed Liver Cirrhosis-A Case Report.

Metabolic associated fatty liver disease, previously known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is the most common cause of chronic liver disease across all ethnic groups; however, it remains enormously underestimated.1 , 2 Sepsis, hepatotoxic medications and malnutrition in the acute settings on top of unknown cirrhosis can lead to decompensation and various metabolic complications. Pyroglutamic acidosis is a rarely recognised cause for unexplained high anion gap metabolic acidosis that is felt to be frequently underdiagnosed. Particular patients at risk include women, the elderly, those on regular paracetamol and those suffering with malnourishment or sepsis. Other risk factors include alcohol abuse and chronic liver disease (3). We present the case of a patient with recurrent episodes of pyroglutamic acidosis and encephalopathy in the context of undiagnosed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with cirrhosis.

Endoscopic revision for weight regain after open vertical-banded gastroplasty.

Video 1Technical feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a novel endoscopic approach to treating weight regain after open vertical-banded gastroplasty using an endoscopic suturing device.

Revision of Mason's procedure (vertical banded gastroplasty) to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: role of an associated fundectomy in weight loss outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) presents a significant rate of long-term complications, and revisions are often necessary. Conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) seems to be preferred, but literature data remain limited. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the indications, safety, results of conversions from VBG to RYGB, and to identify predictive factors of success or failure. SETTING: Two specialized centers of bariatric surgery. METHODS: This bicentric retrospective study included all the patients who benefited from a conversion from VBG to RYGB between 2008 and January 2020. Demographic characteristics, indications, preoperative workups, intraoperative data, complications, and weight loss results were analyzed. RESULTS: During the study period, 85 patients underwent a conversion to RYGB. The mean body mass index (BMI_ before conversion was 40.6 kg/m2. 82.3% of the patients were converted because of weight loss failure and 17.6% because of a complication of their VBG. The global rate of complications was 25%. After an average follow-up of 35 months and a rate of loss to follow-up of 33%, the mean BMI was 33.5 kg/m. The weight loss success rate according to Reinhold's criteria was 64.7%, and resolution of complications was obtained in 89.1%. The association of a fundectomy was a predictive factor of weight loss (odds ratio, .27; P = .04), whereas primary failure of the VBG was a predictive factor of failure. CONCLUSION: Conversion from VBG to RYGB remains the procedure of choice to achieve satisfying weight loss and resolution of functional complications. The addition of a fundectomy appeared to have a significant positive impact on weight loss outcomes.

Expresiones de la violencia basada en género, en el marco del confinamiento por COVID-19 / Gender Based Violence Manifestations on Lockdown Contexts by COVID-19

Resumen La violencia basada en género (VBG) es un reto actual para la consecución de la equidad de género y la garantía de una vida libre de violencia para las mujeres. Una vez que la emergencia por la expansión del virus COVID-19 inició, con las subsecuentes medidas de confinamiento adoptadas por distintos países, han aumentado los casos de VBG. La siguiente pesquisa lleva a cabo una revisión de textos provenientes de fuentes académicas, ONG y pronunciamientos oficiales acerca de la incidencia de las medidas de confinamiento sobre la VBG, especialmente para el caso iberoamericano. Desde una aproximación cualitativa, los resultados muestran expresiones, factores de riesgo y estrategias de mitigación para la prevención y atención de la VBG en el marco del confinamiento por COVID-19.

Abstract Gender Based Violence (GBV) has been a major challenge in search for gender equality and the guarantee for a life without violence for women. Once COVID-19 emergency has begun, lockdown measures - adopted for many countries around the world - has revealed several increases in cases of GBV. The following research carries out a review at academics, ONGs, and formal pronouncements around the incidence of lockdown measures in GBV - especially for the Ibero-american context. Results indicate a qualitative approach to expressions, risk factors and mitigating measures for GBV at lockdown by COVID-19.

Long-Term (over 13 Years) Follow-Up of Vertical Band Gastroplasty.

BACKGROUND: Silastic ring vertical gastroplasty (SRVG) was a popular restrictive procedure 2 and 3 decades ago. However, it was associated with severe complications and a high rate of reoperation due to failure. Examination of long-term outcomes of those patients that underwent SVRG is limited. The aim of our study was to determine the long-term outcomes (over 13 years) of SRVG in our institution and to review the literature of long-term outcomes following SVRG. METHODS: Following IRB approval, we reviewed patients who underwent SRVG between 1996 and 2001. Weight loss parameters, preoperative comorbidities, were compared to the follow-up data. RESULTS: In total, 92 patients underwent SRVG, and 89 met the inclusion criteria. Mean age was 52.4 ± 10.6 years and body mass index (BMI) was 46.1 ± 6.5 Kg/m2. Preoperative comorbidities rate included diabetes mellitus (19.1%), hypertension (32.5%), hyperlipidemia (21.3%), joints disease (6.7%), mood disorders (7.8%), and dyspeptic disorders (3.3%). Mean length of follow-up was 208.5 ± 16.8 months. Thirty-eight patients (43%) had to be reoperated due to complications and 24 (30%) had an additional bariatric surgery. Follow-up BMI was 34.2 ± 9.8 Kg/m2 (p < 0.001). There was no improvement in any of the comorbidities; incidence of joint disease and dyspeptic disorders were significantly higher at the follow-up (p = 0.03, p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: SRVG procedure was associated with high rates of reoperations and revisions. The majority of our patients showed poor resolution of comorbidities and even worsening of some. Our data confirms that SRVG is not suitable as a bariatric procedure.

Video Revisional Gastric Bypass After Vertical Banded Gastroplasty by a Hybrid Technique: Robotic and Laparoscopic.

The video shows, step-by-step, the hybrid laparoscopic conversion of vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) with a robotic-assisted hand-sewn technique (HST) for gastrojejunal anastomosis (GJA).

Revisional Gastric Bypass for Failed Restrictive Procedures: Comparison of Single-Anastomosis (Mini-) and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass.

BACKGROUND: Ten to 50% of patients who received restrictive bariatric operations may require reoperation for unsatisfactory weight loss or weight regain. Failed restrictive procedures are usually managed with conversion to another bariatric procedure with a favor of conversion to laparoscopic gastric bypass. Our aim is to evaluate two different bypass techniques, laparoscopic RY gastric bypass (RYGB) versus single-anastomosis (mini-) gastric bypass (SAGB) as a revision option (R-RYGB and R-SAGB) for failed restrictive bariatric operations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From May 2001 to December 2015, a total of 116 patients with failed restrictive bariatric operations underwent laparoscopic revisional bypass surgery (81 R-SAGB and 35 R-RYGB). Among them, 81 were failed after vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) and 35 were after adjustable gastric band (AGB). The demographic data, surgical parameters, and outcomes were studied. RESULTS: The average age at revision surgery was 35.7 years (range 22-56), and the average body mass index (BMI) before reoperation was 37.2 kg/m2 (29.0-51.8). Revision surgery was performed after 58.8 months from the primary surgery on average (14-180 months). The main reasons for the revisions were weight regain (50.9%), inadequate weight loss (31%), and intolerance (18.1%). All of the procedures were completed laparoscopically as one-stage procedure. R-RYGB had significantly longer operative times than R-SAGB. Major complication occurred in 12 (10%) patients without significant difference between R-SAGB group and R-RYGB group. At 1 year follow-up, weight loss was better in R-SAGB than R-RYGB (76.8 vs. 32.9% EWL; p = 0.001). At 5 year follow-up, a significantly lower hemoglobin level was found in R-SAGB group (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Both SAGB and RYGB are acceptable options for revising a restrictive type of bariatric procedures with equal safety profile. R-SAGB was shown to be a simpler procedure with better weight reduction than R-RYGB but anemia is a considerable complication at long-term follow-up.

Comparative meta-analysis on the various vascularized bone flaps used for the treatment of scaphoid nonunion.

We did a meta-analysis of the literature in order to clarify which of the vascularized bone flaps (VBF) used for scaphoid non-union treatment has the best outcome with regard to various parameters. We analyzed 54 articles that present nine different types of VBF. The analysis concerned demographical patient information, radiographic parameters, fracture classification, including the presence or non-presence of avascular necrosis of the scaphoid proximal pole (PP AVN), parameters that have to do with the surgery itself and the postoperative protocol, the healing of the nonunion and functional scores. The meta-analysis showed best healing potential for the femoral graft despite the complexity of the operation. On the other hand, the most commonly used 1,2-ICSRA flap makes the procedure more reproducible but showed worse results. The femoral flap was also among the most successful flaps when used for patients with PP AVN. The consolidation rate, in general, was not affected by the time elapsed between the fracture and the operation but by smoking and the presence of PP AVN. The meta-analysis could not reach many significant statistical conclusions because of either the small number of patients in some flap groups or the heterogeneity and lack of documentation in most of the articles. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:1076-1085, 2017.

Endoscopic Management of Vertical Banded Gastroplasty Stricture: Feasibility, Safety, and Efficacy.

BACKGROUND: Although vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) is no longer performed in the USA, due to its popularity in 1980s, many patients still possess this anatomy with its inherent complications. The stomal stenosis secondary to tight ring or mesh is traditionally treated with surgical removal of the silastic ring or a complex revision, which was hampered by complications, technical complexity, and invasiveness. We described our experience of endoscopic management of this complex problem and the early outcomes. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Tertiary care center. PATIENTS: Thirteen consecutive patients with gastric outlet obstruction who underwent endoscopic intervention after vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG). INTERVENTION: Endoscopic removal of silastic ring with self-expanding metal stent or endoscopic guided trans-gastric stapled stricturoplasty (TSS). MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Feasibility, safety, and efficacy of endoscopic approaches. RESULTS: Technical and clinical success in 11 patients (85 %) on first endoscopic attempt. Stent migrated in one patient, and another patient required second endoscopic intervention for recurring symptoms. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective analysis, single-institution study, and small sample size. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic approach to gastric outlet obstruction secondary to VBG regardless of type of restrictive device is safe and feasible with possible short-term benefit. This technique may also be use as bridge toward future revision surgery.

15-year follow-up of vertical banded gastroplasty: comparison with other restrictive procedures.

INTRODUCTION: Vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) has been the procedure of choice for bariatric surgeries since the 1980s. However, long-term results of VBG have been reported with different opinions, and new restrictive procedures have been innovated and showing variable results. The aim of this study is to analyze the long-term results of our VBG patients. PATIENT AND METHODS: Between June 1998 and May 2002, 652 morbidly obese patients received VBG, with the initial 40 patients having open procedures and the subsequent 612 patients using a laparoscopic approach. Operative complications, weight loss, and late complications were followed and compared with groups of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). RESULTS: Mean age, preoperative weight, and body mass index (BMI) were 30.96 years, 108.83 kg, and 40.63 kg/m(2), respectively. The overall early postoperative complication rate was 3.4% (22/652). The excess weight loss percentages at 1, 2, 5, and 10 years were 61.04, 59.70, 51.11, and 42.0%, respectively. BMI at 1, 2, 5, and 10 years were 29.64, 29.71, 31.33, and 31.73 kg/m(2), respectively. This result is inferior to the 67% excess weight loss in the LSG group, but is higher than the 38% excess weight loss of the LAGB group. The revision rate is 13.19% (86/652) up to now. Revision surgery was required in 28 (14.0%) patients in the LAGB group and 8 (1.3%) in the LSG group. CONCLUSION: VBG was an operation with acceptable outcome for treating morbid obesity and metabolic disorders. It sets a standard for new restrictive procedures.

Long-term impact of vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) on plasma concentration of leptin, soluble leptin receptor, ghrelin, omentin-1, obestatin, and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) in patients with severe obesity.

Restrictive type bariatric surgery is an effective therapeutic approach that decreases overall mortality in patients with severe obesity. Several new cytokines, including adipocytokines that control energy metabolism, have been discovered recently, but their role in obesity is not fully recognized. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG), one of restrictive type bariatric surgery, on peripheral blood concentrations of some adipocytokines and hormones involved in the control of food intake and energy turnover. The studied group comprised 12 females and 2 males aged from 31 to 59years (46.6±7.4) with simple obesity (BMI: 44.9±7.2) and metabolic syndrome. The patients were examined both before and 3, 6, 12, 24months after bariatric surgery (eight patients were also checked after 36 and six patients after 48months). Measurements of peripheral blood concentration of glucose, insulin, leptin, soluble leptin receptor, obestatin, ghrelin, omentin-1, and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) by ELISA method have been performed. After the surgery body weight, BMI and waist circumference significantly decreased. Positive changes considering the components of metabolic syndrome have been noted. Namely glucose, insulin and triglycerides' levels decreased, accompanied by the significantly lower HOMA index. Conversely, HDL cholesterol concentrations increased. Furthermore, peripheral blood concentration of leptin decreased, but the blood levels of soluble leptin receptor and ghrelin gradually increased. The positive correlations between leptin and body weight and BMI were noted as well as between the RBP4 and total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. We did not observe significant differences in levels of obestatin, omentin-1 and RBP4 after surgery. In conclusion, VBG is an effective type of bariatric surgery. Fast decrease of body weight in morbidly obese patients treated by restrictive bariatric surgery leads to significant changes in peripheral blood levels of some adipokines and hormones controlling energy turnover and appetite (leptin and soluble leptin receptor) as well as ghrelin but not omentin-1, obestatin or retinol binding protein (RBP-4).

Vascularized bone grafts for the treatment of carpal bone pathology.

Primary bone healing fails to occur in 5-15 % of scaphoid bones that undergo fracture fixation. Untreated, occult fractures result in nonunion up to 12 % of the time. Conventional bone grafting is the accepted management in the treatment algorithm of scaphoid nonunion if the proximal pole is vascularized. Osteonecrosis of the proximal scaphoid pole intuitively suggests a need for transfer of the vascularized bone to the nonunion site. Scaphoid nonunion treatment aims to prevent biological and mechanical subsidence of the involved bone, destabilization of the carpus, and early degenerative changes associated with scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse. Pedicled distal radius and free vascularized bone grafts (VBGs) offer hand surgeons an alternative treatment option in the management of carpal bone nonunion. VBGs are also indicated in the treatment of avascular necrosis of the scaphoid (Preiser's disease), lunate (Kienböck's disease), and capitate. Relative contraindications to pedicled dorsal radius vascularized bone grafting include humpback deformity, carpal instability, or collapse. The free medial femoral condyle bone graft has offered a novel treatment option for the humpback deformity to restore geometry of the carpus, otherwise not provided by pedicled grafts. In general, VBGs are contraindicated in the setting of a carpal bone without an intact cartilaginous shell, in advanced carpal collapse with degenerative changes, and in attempts to salvage small or collapsed bone fragments. Wrist salvage procedures are generally accepted as the more definitive treatment option under such circumstances. This manuscript offers a current review of the techniques and outcomes of VBGs to the carpal bones.

Radiology of upper gastrointestinal tract with ASGB (adjustable silicone gastric banding) for morbid obesity.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome is a result of multiple risk factors of atherosclerosis and diabetes. Obesity is an especially well recognized etiological factor. A rapidly increasing number of obese people constitutes a major social health problem in the developed, as well as developing countries. Bariatric surgeries are among methods of obesity treatment that gain on popularity. They include adjustable silicone gastric banding (ASGB), and adjustable laparoscopic gastric banding (ALGB). MATERIAL/METHODS: The aim of our study was to analyze and present the most typical radiological images obtained during 130 upper gastrointestinal tract examinations in patients after ASGB or ALGB in the last three years. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: ASGB and ALGB are effective and safe. However, they are connected with some postoperative complications. Application of these surgical procedures requires periodic, long-term radiological evaluations and cooperation between surgeons and radiologists. The radiologist must be familiar with bariatric surgical techniques, their complications and typical radiological presentations.