ABSTRACT
Introduction: Studies on pain are generally conducted for two purposes: first, to study patients with pain who have physical changes due to nerve and muscle lesions, and second, to regain the appropriate kinematic post-pain pattern. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of pain on the coordination variability pattern and throwing accuracy. Methods: The study participants included 30 people aged 18-25 years who volunteered to participate in the study. Participants practiced and acquired skills in 10 blocks of 15 trials. In the test phase associated with pain, Individuals were randomly divided into three groups: local pain, remote pain, and control. In their respective groups, participants were tested in a 15-block trial, 24 hours, and 1 week after acquisition. Results: The results revealed that pain did not affect the throwing accuracy (P=0.456). Besides, in the phase of acceleration in throwing, movement variability in the pain-related groups in the shoulder and elbow joints (P=0.518), elbow and wrist (P=0.399), and the deceleration and dart drop phase movement variability in the pain-related groups in the shoulder and elbow joints (P=0.622), elbow and wrist (P=0.534). Conclusion: Based on the results, the accuracy and coordination variability in pain-related groups were similar. However, to confirm these results, more research is needed on performing motor functions in the presence of pain. Highlights: Pain are generally conducted for two purposes.pain which has physical changes due to nerve and muscle lesions and pain to regain the appropriate kinematic post-pain pattern.People who experience pain show poor motor results.Pain restriction is ordinary in joints and the body compensates by increasing movement. Plain Language Summary: One of the constant concerns of sports science experts is to find ways to improve performance or to know the factors that strengthen or weaken motor learning. After injury, pain has been described as one of the passive symptoms, and the mechanism of how overexertion of joints and muscles increases injury and pain is unknown. Following any injury, pain is one of the most important causes of disability and one of the most important problems in people's general health. Many treated individuals present with pain and impaired movement, and typically changes in movement control are a result of the pain. Research evidence suggests that pain induces changes in cortical excitability and the neuroplasticity model that accompanies practice of a new motor task interferes with the performance improvement that must occur simultaneously. According to the new approaches of motor and biomechanical learning and control, movement variability, especially in movement coordination, is considered as an important and influential factor of a person with different conditions. Novice athletes show high non-functional variability in order to reduce the degrees of freedom and then simplify their motor task, in contrast to skilled people, they display functional variability that allows them to perform a motor task better. in variable conditions. Scientists and researchers have concluded that in the presence of pain, there are changes in the pattern requirements and muscle coordination. Clearly, variability is a main feature of most neurological and musculoskeletal pains, and it is necessary for therapists to diagnose and classify incomplete movements and to effectively manage symptoms by controlling incomplete movements, so conducting such research in this field in order to show muscle and movement changes It is necessary under the influence of pain.
ABSTRACT
Resumen: Introducción: la enfermedad cardiovascular representa mundialmente la principal causa de muerte resultando imprescindible entonces un abordaje multifactorial mediante el cálculo del riesgo cardiovascular (RCV). Múltiples series a nivel mundial han demostrado una alta asociación entre hipertensión arterial (HTA) y dislipemia, en algunas superiores al 50%. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la asociación entre ambas variables con el fin de profundizar en la estratificación de riesgo del paciente hipertenso. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico, observacional, de tipo transversal, que incluyó a todos los pacientes que asistieron a la policlínica de HTA de nuestro centro entre el 2 de marzo de 2015 y el 2 de octubre de 2019 inclusive. Resultados: se incluyeron 103 pacientes. El 75,7% (n=78) presentó dislipemia. Se destaca que el 68,9% (n=71) presenta HTA nocturna. Se estableció una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre dislipemia e HTA nocturna, con OR=3,364. En cuanto al perfil lipídico, predomina la dislipemia mixta en un 37,9% (n=39). Conclusiones: existe una alta relación entre HTA y dislipemia. La HTA nocturna y el patrón non dipper asocian mayor RCV.
Summary: Introduction: cardiovascular disease represents the main cause of death worldwide. A multifactorial approach is essential, by calculating cardiovascular risk. Series worldwide have shown a high association between hypertension and dyslipidemia, in some of them higher than 50%. Our objective is to determine the association between both variables in order to improve the risk stratification of the hypertensive patient. Materials and methods: an analytical, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out, which included all the patients who attended the hypertension polyclinic between March 2, 2015 and October 2, 2019 inclusive. Results: 75.7% (n=78) of the patients presented dyslipidemia. It is noteworthy that 68.9% (n=71) have nocturnal hypertension. A statistically significant association between dyslipidemia and nocturnal hypertension was established, with an OR=3.364. Regarding the lipid profile, mixed dyslipidemia predominates in 37.9%. Conclusions: there is a high relationship between hypertension and dyslipidemia. Nocturnal hypertension and the non-dipper pattern are associated with cardiovascular risk.
Resumo: Introdução: as doenças cardiovasculares representam a principal causa de morte no mundo. Uma abordagem multifatorial é essencial, calculando o risco cardiovascular. As séries em todo o mundo demonstraram uma alta associação entre hipertensão e dislipidemia, em alguns superiores a 50%. Nosso objetivo é determinar a associação entre as duas variáveis, a fim de melhorar a estratificação de risco do paciente hipertenso. Materiais e métodos: foi realizado um estudo analítico, observacional e transversal, que incluiu todos os pacientes que compareceram à policlínica hipertensão entre 2 de março de 2015 e 2 de outubro de 2019 inclusive. Resultados: 75,7% (n=78) dos pacientes apresentaram dislipidemia. Vale ressaltar que 68,9% (n=71) possuem hipertensão noturna. Foi estabelecida associação estatisticamente significante entre dislipidemia e hipertensão noturna, com OR=3,364. Quanto ao perfil lipídico, a dislipidemia mista predomina em 37,9%. Conclusões: existe uma alta relação entre hipertensão e dislipidemia. A hipertensão noturna e o padrão non dipper estão associados ao risco cardiovascular.
