ABSTRACT
A infidelidade amorosa é um fenômeno presente no cotidiano de muitos casais e apontada como um dos principais motivos para a busca por terapia de casais e para o divórcio. Com o advento da internet, a infidelidade no ambiente virtual se torna um fenômeno contemporâneo que merece investigação. Diante dessa realidade, o presente estudo buscou, por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura nacional e internacional, identificar o que o saber científico apresenta acerca da infidelidade virtual e suas implicações para a vida amorosa. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura nos indexadores Bireme, Pubmed, PsycINFO e Bvspsi a partir do descritor 'internet infidelity' e seu correspondente em português "infidelidade virtual". A literatura científica apresenta três grandes eixos investigativos: (1) percepção popular acerca da infidelidade virtual; (2) percepção de profissionais e propostas psicoterapêuticas; e (3) o que leva à infidelidade virtual.
Loving infidelity is an unexceptional phenomenon in the daily life of couples and pointed as the main reason to seek psychotherapy and divorce. With the advent of the internet, infidelity virtual becomes a contemporary phenomenon worth investigating. Given such reality the present study- through an integrative review of national and international literature - sought to identify what the scientific literature says about virtual infidelity and its implications for love life. A literature review was carried out in the Bireme, Pubmed, PsycINFO and Bvspsi indexers with the following keywords: "internet infidelity" and its Portuguese correspondent "infidelidade virtual". Three major investigative axes: (1) popular perception of virtual infidelity; (2) professionals' perception and psychotherapeutic proposals; and (3) what leads to virtual infidelity were identified in the literature reviewed.
ABSTRACT
Resumen Objetivo: El presente estudio de tipo instrumental tuvo como objetivo diseñar y validar una escala cuya finalidad es evaluar la percepción de las personas frente a las cuatro dimensiones de la infidelidad-sexual, emocional, cognitiva y virtual-, a través de dos subdimensiones de la cognición -motivos y consecuencias- Método: Para ello se realizó una tabla de especificaciones y se construyeron los ítems, los cuales fueron sometidos a validación por jueces. Se realizó el ajuste a la escala y esta fue aplicada a una muestra voluntaria de 301 participantes con edades entre los 18 y 70 años ( = 29.84; DE = 14.07), y que además contaran con habilidades cognitivas básicas de comprensión lectora. Resultados: Tras realizar el análisis factorial exploratorio, se encontraron siete factores que explican el 48,64 % de la varianza total acumulada, y el índice de extracción permitió la conservación de todos los ítems, modelo factorial confirmado, con adecuados niveles de bondad de ajuste (CFI = .910; RMSEA = .049). Además de ello, con el Alfa de Cronbach general de .84 se evidenció una alta confiabilidad de la escala y con un coeficiente de dos mitades de Guttman de .87 se encontró una fuerte relación entre dos mitades. Conclusión: la Escala de Evaluación Cognitiva de Infidelidad es un instrumento pionero que permite evaluar con criterios de validez y confiabilidad el fenómeno de la infidelidad.
Abstract Objective: The purpose of this instrumental study was to design and validate a scale that assesses people's perception regarding the four infidelity dimensions-sexual, emotional, cognitive, and virtual- through two cognition sub-dimensions: reasons and consequences. Method: To do this, a specifications table was made, and the items were built, which were subjected to judges' validation. The scale was adjusted and implemented for a voluntary sample of 301 participants, aged 18-70 ( = 29.84, DE = 14.07), who had basic reading comprehension cognitive skills. Results: After the exploratory factor analysis, seven factors were found that explained 48.64% of the total cumulative variance, and the extraction rate allowed all items to remain and confirmed factorial model, with adequate goodness of fit levels of adjustment (CFI = 0.910, RMSEA = 0.049). In addition, the general Cronbach Alpha of 0.84 showed a high reliability of the scale, and with a coefficient of two Guttman halves of .87, a strong relationship was found between the two halves. Conclusion: The Cognitive Infidelity Assessment Scale is a pioneering tool that allows the evaluation of the infidelity phenomenon with valid and reliable criteria.
