The impact of inertial exercises performed in the workplace on shoulder muscles' strength and muscles' fatigue resistance in women with disabilities.

BACKGROUND: Workers who do monotonous and repetitive work in a static position often complain about fatigue and decreased work efficiency. Some studies indicate that to improve muscle fatigue, resistance strength training can be used. MATERIAL AND METHODS: To investigate the effect of 4-week inertial training on shoulder muscles' strength and muscles' fatigue resistance 44 female workers with disabilities were examined. The participants were randomized into the training group (T) (N = 32) and the control group (C) (N = 12). Before the training and after that shoulder muscles' strength were tested at the start and at the end of the workday (Monday and Friday). The participants were asked to complete questionnaire concerning their fatigue at work (T and C), inertial training and work efficiency (T). RESULTS: The work performed during the last day of the workweek, i.e., Friday (before training) resulted in a significant decrease in shoulder muscles' strength in T and C. Muscle strength achieved at the end of the workweek (Friday afternoon) was significantly lower than achieved at the start of the workweek (Monday morning) in both tested groups (before training). Moreover, inertial training resulted in a significant increase in shoulder muscles' strength in T; 34-74% for different muscles. No changes in muscles' strength were noted in C. Increased muscle strength in T following inertial training effectively prevented muscle fatigue. After training the differences in shoulder muscles' strength noted in T during different times of the workday and workweek were insignificant. Moreover, 4-week inertial training increased significantly the work efficiency of women from T by 4%; no changes were noted in C. Inertial training was well tolerated by the participants. CONCLUSIONS: Using inertial training in women with disabilities to prevent shoulder muscles' fatigue during the workday and workweek is recommended. Med Pr Work Health Saf. 2024;75(2):113-122.

The Way to Spend a Workday Matters in School Principals' Somatic and Psychological Discomfort.

BACKGROUND: School principals usually have to sacrifice health and family obligations to obtain sufficient work time. This study investigates school principals' somatic and psychological discomfort related to their time allocation to diverse work contexts and life domains, so as to test the optimal allocation of time to each context and domain. METHODS: This study is based on survey data of 347 school principals, from the preexisting 2021 Survey of School Teachers' Living Conditions in Shanghai. Generalized linear regression modeling was adopted to analyze the data according to the research purpose. RESULTS: This study finds that school principals' daily time spent on work at home, sleep, breakfast, exercise, and family obligations significantly predict their somatic or psychological discomfort. However, their time spent on work at school, daytime napping, lunch, and dinner are not of significance. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals several unhealthy ways of working and lifestyle habits among school principals from a perspective of time allocation, such as extended periods working at home, sleep deficits, hurried breakfast, lack exercise, and failure to meet familial obligations.

Factors Associated with the Lifestyle of Pediatric Healthcare Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The objective of this study was to analyze the association between sociodemographic and occupational variables with the lifestyle of health professionals in pediatric units during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 407 health professionals working in four pediatric health units in the State of Bahia, northeast Brazil. The Fantastic Lifestyle Questionnaire and a questionnaire with sociodemographic and employment variables self-applied via Google Forms were used. The final binary logistic regression models revealed significant associations between those who received 3 to 5 minimum wages, without a marital relationship and with more than one employment relationship. Data suggest that these sociodemographic and occupational profiles are more exposed to risky lifestyle behaviors. The findings of this study demonstrated the need for greater attention to the health of health professionals in the pediatric field, as well as the promotion of initiatives that seek to value the work of these professionals and reduce the damage caused to their lifestyle, especially in a pandemic scenario.

Application of lost workdays in surveillance and assessment of non-fatal occupational injuries: Based on European Statistics on Accidents at Work / 环境与职业医学

Background The severity of occupational injury in countries such as the United Kingdom, the United States, and Germany is usually analyzed using lost workdays, but in existing occupational injury surveillance research in China, the application of this index is rare. Objective To evaluate the application value of lost workdays in non-fatal occupational injury surveillance, and provide a reference for the construction of occupational injury surveillance index system. Methods The public data of European Statistics on Accidents at Work (ESAW) from 2010 to 2019 on non-fatal injury accidents in 27 member states of the European Union were used. Non-fatal occupational injury is defined as an injury event during occupational activities or at work resulting a victim's absence from work for ≥4 d. According to the European Statistics on Accidents at Work-Summary methodology, the lost workdays were divided into 8 categories (4-6 d, 7-13 d, 14-20 d, 21-30 d, 31-91 d, 92-182 d, 183 d and above, and unknown). Annual percentage change (APC) and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) were used to evaluate the overall trend changes in the incidence rate of non-fatal occupational injury accidents in different lost workdays from 2010 to 2019, and the non-fatal occupational injury accidents in key industries. The characteristics of the occurrence of non-fatal occupational injuries were analyzed in conjunction with the changes in non-fatal occupational injuries in different lost workdays in the industry. Results From 2010 to 2019, the overall incidence of non-fatal occupational injury accidents in the European Union showed a downward trend, and the AAPC was −1.0% (P<0.05). The accident rates of lost workdays of 4-6 d and 92-182 d showed an upward trend, and the AAPC were 7.9% and 5.8% respectively (P<0.05). The average annual accident rates of non-fatal occupational injuries (≥4 d) in Categories C (manufacturing industry), E (water supply, sewage treatment, waste management and remediation), and F (construction industry) showed a linear downward trend, and the AAPC were −3.0%, −2.5%, and −1.5%, respectively (P<0.05). However, among them, the rate of non-fatal occupational injury accidents with 92-182 d of lost workdays in the manufacturing industry showed a significant upward trend, with an AAPC of 3.7% (P<0.001). Conclusion Using lost workdays combined with APC and AAPC by Join-point linear regression analysis can measure the severity and trend changes of non-fatal occupational injury accidents in different industries and different lost workdays. This indicator has an important practical significance in evaluating the effectiveness of occupational injury prevention and control strategies adopted by countries and enterprises.

Weekly patterns of suicide and the influence of alcohol consumption in an urban sample.

Background and purpose: The weekly fluctuation in suicide rates is influenced by several factors including sex, psychiatric illness and alcohol dependence. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of current alcohol use on suicid. Methods: Data on sex, date of death, results of blood and/or urine alcohol tests and history of alcohol dependence in suicide victims over the 1997-2002 period were retrieved from a forensic database in two cities in Chuvash Republic. Results: Over the six-year study period, 1,379 suicides were committed, 59% of them under the influence of alcohol. The peak incidence for men and women regardless of previous alcohol consumption was on Wednesdays and Mondays, respectively. The overall suicide rate was highest on Mondays and lowest on Thursdays. Both sexes were less likely to commit suicide during holidays than on weekends or workdays while intoxicated with alcohol. Conclusion: In this urban sample, the distribution of suicide across weekdays only partly followed the international pattern. The peak incidence of suicide showed sex difference, with the highest incidence for women on Mondays and for men on Wednesdays. The higher suicide rate on workdays might be accounted for by work-related stress, while the lower rate on weekends could be explained that people usually drink alcohol in the comforting company of family or friends, which reduces psychological tension and suicidal ideation. The majority of men consumed alcohol before committing suicide, regardless of the day of the week, while this observation was true for women only on Fridays and Sundays. Alcohol consumption greatly contributes to suicidal behavior in Chuvash Republic.

Do holidays change subjective sleep length or sleep debt in shift work disorder?

In shift work disorder (SWD), disturbed sleep acutely impairs employees' recovery, but little attention has been paid to sleep during longer recovery periods. We examined how holidays affect self-estimated sleep length, sleep debt, and recovery in cases of SWD. Twenty-one shift workers with questionnaire-based SWD and nine reference cases without SWD symptoms completed a questionnaire on recovery and sleep need. They also reported sleep length on two separate occasions: during a work period and after ≥ 2 weeks of holidays. Sleep debt was calculated by subtracting sleep length from sleep need. We used parametric tests to compare the groups and the periods. The groups reported shorter sleep on workdays than during holidays (median difference: SWD group 1.7 h, p<0.001; reference group 1.5 h; p<0.05). The SWD group's self-estimated sleep during holidays increased less above the sleep need (median 0.0 h) than the reference group's sleep (1.0 h, p<0.05). In addition, the SWD group reported good recovery from irregular working hours less often (14%) than the reference group (100%, p<0.001). Although holidays were generally associated with longer sleep estimates than workdays, employees with SWD experienced consistently less efficient recovery than those without SWD.

Influencia de la COVID-19 en el clima laboral de trabajadores de la salud en Ecuador

RESUMEN Introducción: La calidad de la atención médica se relaciona directamente con el clima laboral adecuado y la satisfacción del personal de la salud. Con la aparición de la COVID-19 el clima laboral en las instituciones de salud se vio violentado. Objetivo: Identificar los factores que influyen en el clima laboral de las instituciones de salud pública y privadas de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador, durante el periodo junio-agosto de 2021. Método: Estudio con enfoque cuantitativo de alcance correlacional y diseño transeccional, en 349 trabajadores de la salud, a los que se les aplicó un cuestionario de 25 preguntas que midieron factores, como: riesgo al contagio, jornada laboral, recursos médicos y estabilidad laboral. Los resultados del estudio fueron analizados estadísticamente a través de SPPS 20 y AMOS 24, con el desarrollo anterior de alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: El 94 % de los participantes consideró como inadecuado el clima laboral de sus instituciones, mientras que el 6 % manifestó que no. Predominaron las féminas y los de 22-35 años. Todas las variables del modelo hipotetizado superaron el 0,70 y el alfa de Cronbach total alcanzó un 0,728; el modelo hipotetizado cumplió con la validez convergente y discriminante de las variables. El riesgo de contagio arrojó un valor de β=0,148, mientras que la jornada laboral resultó con β=0,010, recursos médicos β=0,006 y estabilidad laboral β=0,007. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos determinaron que el riesgo al contagio es el factor más influyente en el clima laboral de las instituciones objeto de estudio durante los inicios de la pandemia por la COVID-19.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The quality of medical care is directly related to the appropriate work environment and the satisfaction of the health staff. With the appearance of COVID-19, the work environment in health institutions has worsened. Objective: To identify the factors that influence the work environment of the public and private health institutions of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador, during the period June-August 2021. Method: Implementation of a study with a quantitative approach of correlational scope and transectional design in 349 health workers, to whom a 25-questions questionnaire was applied, that measured factors such as: contagion risk, working hours, medical resources and job stability. The results of the study were statistically analyzed through SPPS 20 and AMOS 24, with the previous development of Cronbach's alpha. Results: 94% of the participants considered the work environment of their institutions as inappropriate, while 6% said they did not. Females, and ages ranging between 22-35 years predominated. All the variables of the hypothesized model exceeded 0.70 and the total Cronbach's alpha reached 0.728; the hypothesized model met the convergent and discriminant validity of the variables. The risk of contagion yielded a value of β=0.148, while the working day resulted with β=0.010, medical resources β=0.006 and job stability β=0.007. Conclusions: The findings determined that the risk of contagion is the most influential factor in the work environment of the institutions under study during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.

RESUMO Introdução: A qualidade da assistência médica está diretamente relacionada ao ambiente de trabalho adequado e à satisfação do pessoal de saúde. Com o surgimento da COVID-19, o ambiente de trabalho nas instituições de saúde foi violado. Objetivo: Identificar os fatores que influenciam o ambiente de trabalho das instituições públicas e privadas de saúde de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Equador, no período de junho a agosto de 2021. Método: Estudo com abordagem quantitativa de escopo correlacional e delineamento transversal, em 349 trabalhadores de saúde, aos quais foi aplicado um questionário de 25 questões que mediam fatores como: risco de contágio, jornada de trabalho, recursos médicos e estabilidade no emprego. Os resultados do estudo foram analisados estatisticamente por meio do SPPS 20 e AMOS 24, com o desenvolvimento prévio do alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: 94% dos participantes consideraram o ambiente de trabalho de suas instituições inadequado, enquanto 6% disseram que não. Predominaram mulheres e pessoas de 22 a 35 anos. Todas as variáveis do modelo hipotético ultrapassaram 0,70 e o alfa de Cronbach total atingiu 0,728; o modelo hipotético atendeu à validade convergente e discriminante das variáveis. O risco de contágio resultou em β=0,148, enquanto a jornada de trabalho resultou em β=0,010, recursos médicos β=0,006 e estabilidade no trabalho β=0,007. Conclusões: Os achados determinaram que o risco de contágio é o fator mais influente no ambiente de trabalho das instituições em estudo durante o início da pandemia do COVID-19.

Subjective cognitive abilities correlate with poor sleep among day-shift and night-shift nurses.

Experimental studies have shown that sleep deprivation may lead to worse performance on cognitive tests. However, few studies have considered how sleep is associated with perceived cognitive performance in the daily lives of hospital nurses who require high cognitive abilities to deliver high-quality patient care. The current study examined the relationship between sleep and subjective cognition in nurses, and whether the relationship differed by work shift and workdays. Sixty in patient nurses working full-time (M = 35 years; 39 day-shift nurses, 21 night-shift nurses) reported their sleep characteristics and daily subjective cognition using ecological momentary assessment for 14 days. Concurrently, objective sleep characteristics were measured with a sleep actigraphy device for 14 days. Using multilevel modelling, results indicated that at the within-person and between-person level, better sleep quality and higher sleep sufficiency were associated with better subjective cognition at the daily-level and on average. Moderation analyses indicated at the within-person level, better sleep quality and longer time in bed were associated with better next-day cognition; these associations were stronger for night-shift nurses compared with day-shift nurses. At the between-person level, better sleep quality and higher sleep sufficiency were also associated with better subjective cognition overall; these associations were significant for day-shift nurses, but not for night-shift nurses. The sleep-subjective cognition relationships were more apparent on workdays versus non-workdays. Findings suggest that sufficient sleep recovery is important for nurses' reports of daily and overall cognitive functioning. Night-shift nurses' subjective cognitive abilities may be more protected on days following better sleepquality and more sufficient sleep.

Envolvimentos no trabalho e na família: estudo de caso com mães trabalhadoras na função pública / Work and family involvements: case study with working mothers in the civil service

Neste estudo, abordamos os desafios da conciliação trabalho-família em três mulheres com diferentes jornadas de trabalho (parcial, integral e extensa) na função pública. Para isso, utilizou-se um guia para a avaliação das mudanças, dificuldades, estratégias e ajustes realizados desde o nascimento das crianças. Foram conduzidas entrevistas semiestruturadas, utilizando-se análise de conteúdo para interpretação dos dados. As participantes eram casadas, na faixa etária dos 30 anos, com filhos em idade pré-escolar e residiam no interior paulista. As jornadas variavam entre 25 a 55 horas por semana. A partir da análise das entrevistas, foram construídas seis categorias: qualidade de vida, casamento e filhos, trabalho, ajustes e estratégias, suportes sociais e jornada de trabalho. A gestão do tempo na conciliação trabalho-família pode ser estressante e cansativa, especialmente para aquelas que são recém-mães. No entanto, novas adaptações e os apoios familiar e organizacional contribuem para que o desempenho dos papéis profissionais e familiares seja satisfatório.

In this study, we address the challenges of work-family reconciliation in three women with different working hours (partial, full and extensive) in the civil service. For this, we used a guide for the assessment of changes, difficulties, strategies and adjustments made since the birth of children. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using content analysis for data interpretation. The participants were married, aged 30 years, with preschool children and resided in São Paulo. Journeys ranged from 25 to 55 hours per week. From the analysis of the interviews, six categories were built: quality of life, marriage and children, work, adjustments and strategies, social support and working hours. Time management in work-family reconciliation can be stressful and tiring, especially for new mothers. However, new adaptations and family and organizational support contribute to the satisfactory performance of professional and family roles.

Predictive factors for work-day loss in Behçet's syndrome: A multi-center study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this multi-center study was to assess predictive factors for work-day loss as an indirect cost element in Behçet's syndrome (BS). METHODS: In this cross-sectional, multi-center study, 834 BS patients (F/M: 441/393, age mean: 38.4 ± 10.9 years) were included. Data were collected by a questionnaire regarding treatment protocols, disease duration, smoking pattern, frequency of medical visits during the previous year and self-reported work-day loss during the previous year. RESULTS: Work-day loss was observed in 16.2% of patients (M/F: 103/32). The percentages of being a smoker (81.8%), using immunosuppressive (IS) medications (82%), and having disease duration <5 years (74%) were higher in male patients with work-day loss (P < .05). The majority of males (90.9%) had more than four clinic visits during the previous year. Moreover, the mean work-day loss (30.8 ± 57.7 days) was higher in patients with vascular involvement (56.1 ± 85.9) than those without (26.4 ± 50.6 days) (P = .046). In addition, increased frequency of ocular involvement (25.9%) was also observed in patients with work-day loss compared to others (8.6%) (P = .059). CONCLUSION: Work-day loss was associated with both vascular and ocular involvement. Close associations were observed among male gender, early period of the disease, frequent medical visits, being a smoker and treatment with IS medications in patients with work-day loss.

Interactionist view of circumstances that interfere with nurses' lifestyle / Visión interaccionista de las circunstancias que interfieren en el estilo de los enfermeros / Visão interacionista das circunstâncias que interferem no estilo de vida de enfermeiros

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the circumstances interfering with nurses' lifestyle. Method: Qualitative study in light of the premises of the Grounded Theory and with theoretical reference of the Symbolic Interactionism. The study was conducted with 20 nurses from the municipality of Pinheiral, state of Rio de Janeiro. Results: The interference of work in nurses' lifestyle was unanimous and expressed by the union of the following subcategories: blaming work for sedentary habits; recording the lack of time; justifying physical/mental fatigue by the lack of healthy habits; emphasizing the financial situation; and exchanging self-care for the care of the other. Final considerations: The results showed nurses' complex life, as well as new possibilities for conducting daily choices. The need for actions that reduce the impact of workdays and contribute to these professionals incorporating a better lifestyle is noteworthy.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las circunstancias que interfieren en el estilo de vida de los enfermeros. Método: Estudio cualitativo a la luz de las premisas de la Teoría Fundamentada en los Datos, teniendo como referencial teórico el Interaccionismo Simbólico. La investigación fue realizada con 20 enfermeros del municipio de Pinheiral, en el estado de Rio de Janeiro. Resultados: La interferencia del trabajo en el estilo de vida de los enfermeros fue unánime y expresada por la unión de las siguientes subcategorías: culpando el trabajo por los hábitos sedentarios; registrando la falta de tiempo; justificando el cansancio físico/mental por la falta de hábitos saludables; enfatizando la situación financiera; y cambiando el cuidado de sí por el cuidado del otro. Consideraciones finales: Los resultados evidenciaron la compleja vida de los enfermeros, así como nuevas posibilidades de conducir las elecciones diarias. Se resalta la necesidad de acciones que reduzcan el impacto de las jornadas de trabajo y contribuyan a que estos profesionales incorporen un mejor estilo de vida.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as circunstâncias que interferem no estilo de vida dos enfermeiros. Método: Estudo qualitativo à luz das premissas da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, tendo como referencial teórico o Interacionismo Simbólico. A pesquisa foi realizada com 20 enfermeiros do município de Pinheiral, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Resultados: Foi unânime a interferência do trabalho no estilo de vida dos enfermeiros, expressa pela união das seguintes subcategorias: culpando o trabalho pelos hábitos sedentários; registrando a falta de tempo; justificando o cansaço físico/mental pela falta de hábitos saudáveis; enfatizando a situação financeira; e trocando o cuidado de si pelo cuidado do outro. Considerações finais: Os resultados evidenciaram a complexavidade enfermeiros, assim como novas possibilidades de conduzir as escolhas diárias. Ressalta-se a necessidade de ações que reduzam o impacto das jornadas de trabalho e contribuam para que esses profissionais incorporem um melhor estilo de vida.

Pedestrians in Traffic Environments: Ultrafine Particle Respiratory Doses.

Particulate matter has recently received more attention than other pollutants. PM10 and PM2.5 have been primarily monitored, whereas scientists are focusing their studies on finer granulometric sizes due both to their high number concentration and their high penetration efficiency into the respiratory system. The purpose of this study is to investigate the population exposure to UltraFine Particles (UFP, submicrons in general) in outdoor environments. The particle number doses deposited into the respiratory system have been compared between healthy individuals and persons affected by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Measurements were performed by means of Dust Track and Nanoscan analyzers. Forty minute walking trails through areas with different traffic densities in downtown Rome have been considered. Furthermore, particle respiratory doses have been estimated for persons waiting at a bus stop, near a traffic light, or along a high-traffic road, as currently occurs in a big city. Large differences have been observed between workdays and weekdays: on workdays, UFP number concentrations are much higher due to the strong contribution of vehicular exhausts. COPD-affected individuals receive greater doses than healthy individuals due to their higher respiratory rate.

Using Pedometers to Increase the Non-Workday Steps of Hospital Nursing and Support Staff: A Pilot Study.

Nursing is a physically active profession; however, nurses and nursing support staff may limit their physical activity (PA) on non-workdays. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the effects of a 12-week pedometer-based PA intervention on daily steps of hospital nursing and support staff from two departments, emergency (ED) and oncology (ONC). The 12-week minimal-contact, self-managed intervention was designed to increase total and non-workday PA. Twenty participants with an average age of 47.6 ± 7.1 years completed the intervention. Significant differences were found between total daily steps at baseline (8,446) and at 12 weeks (10,655; p = .014), and between workday steps at baseline (10,398) and at 12 weeks (13,056; p = 0.005). Oncology unit participants significantly increased their non-workday steps from baseline (5,850) to 12 weeks (9,829; p = .003). As part of a comprehensive intervention, pedometers can promote total and non-workday PA of nursing and support staff.

Shift work and work- related stress symptoms in health care workers in a tertiary hospital in Medellín, Colombia: A cross-sectional study / Síntomas de estrés laboral y trabajo por turnos en trabajadores de la salud en una institución de tercer nivel en Medellín, Colombia: un estudio transversal

Abstract Background: Shift work is a very common characteristic in healthcare and has been associated with work-related stress. Objective: This study aimed to research about the relationship between current shift work and work-related stress symptoms presented in healthcare workers in a clinical setting in Medellin, Colombia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to July in 2014. A total of 50.5 % of participants performed their work activities in rotating shifts and 49.5% worked only during the day. Most of the professionals who participated in the survey were nurses and administrative staff. Participants completed demographic, occupational and lifestyle questionnaire, and a self-reported work-related stress symptoms instrument. Results: The study sample consisted of 160 (80%) females and 40 (20%) males. The average age was 35.1 ± 9.1. Generally, no significant differences were found in relation to psychological and emotional symptoms of social, intellectual and occupational behavior in shift workers compared to daytime workers. In a stratified analysis, among the nurses and nursing assistants group, those engaging in shift work reported significantly lower/fewer physiological symptoms and higher/more intense psycho emotional symptoms than the daytime workers (p=0.030 and p=0.047 respectively). Conclusions: In the stratified analysis, this cross-sectional study found a difference in work-related stress between daytime workers and shift workers in regards to nurses and nursing assistants. It was noticed that nurses and nursing assistants engaging in shift work reported higher psycho emotional and lower physiological stress symptoms compared to their daytime working counterparts. Probably, this corresponds to the numerous job demands during shift working or the different coping mechanisms.

Resumen Antecedentes: El trabajo por turnos es una característica muy común en la asistencia sanitaria y se ha asociado con el estrés relacionado con el trabajo. Objetivo: En este estudio, se investigó la relación entre el trabajo por turnos actual y los síntomas de estrés relacionados con el trabajo entre los trabajadores de la salud de un entorno clínico en Medellín, Colombia. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal entre enero y julio de 2014. Un total de 50,5% de los participantes llevaban a cabo sus actividades de trabajo en turnos rotativos y 49,5% trabajaban sólo durante el día. La mayoría de los profesionales que completaron la encuesta eran enfermeras y personal administrativo. Los participantes completaron información demográfica ocupacional y acerca de su estilo de vida, y un instrumento de auto-reporte sobre síntomas de estrés relacionado con el trabajo. Resultados: La muestra del estudio consistió de 160 (80%) mujeres y 40 (20%) hombres. La edad media era de 35,1 ± 9,1. En general, no se observaron diferencias significativas en los síntomas emocionales, fisiológicos, de comportamiento social, intelectual y ocupacionales en los trabajadores por turnos en comparación con los trabajadores diurnos. En un análisis estratificado, en el grupo de enfermeras y auxiliares de enfermería, quienes realizaban trabajo por turnos se observaron significativamente menores síntomas fisiológicos y emocionales y mayores síntomas psicoemocionales que los trabajadores de día (p = 0,030 y p = 0,047, respectivamente). Conclusiones: Este estudio transversal encontró una diferencia en el estrés relacionado con el trabajo entre los trabajadores por turnos y los trabajadores diurnos en el análisis estratificado y sólo para enfermeras y auxiliares de enfermería. Se observó que las enfermeras y auxiliares de enfermería que participan en el trabajo por turnos informaron de síntomas de estrés psicoemocionales más elevados mientras que los síntomas fisiológicos fueron más bajos en comparación con sus homólogos que laboraban durante el día. Esto podría ser debido a las diferentes demandas del trabajo entre los turnos o los diferentes mecanismos de afrontamiento.

Short Bouts of Intensive Exercise During the Workday Have a Positive Effect on Neuro-cognitive Performance.

Beside its positive impact on physical health, exercise is indicated to positively affect cognitive performance based on a relocation of cortical activity. This study examined the influence of different types of breaks on cognitive performance and related cortical activity in office-based employees. Breaks were filled with exercise, resting or a usual break and a control condition where employees continued working without any break. Cognitive performance was assessed using the d2-R test and two commercially available cognitive tasks. Brain cortical activity was recorded using electroencephalography before and after breaks. Individual's mood was analysed using a profile of mood state. Results indicate a positive effect of a 3-min boxing intervention on cognitive performance, mirrored by a decrease in prefrontal cortex activity. Although perceived psychological state was increased after the usual break, this is reflected in neither cortical activity nor cognitive performance. With respect to the fact that also bike activity resulted an increase in prefrontal alpha-2 activity, a positive effect of exercise on neuro-cognitive performance can be stated. Health and economic benefits may result from brief physical activity breaks and help to maintain workplace performance and job satisfaction. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Duración de la jornada laboral: implicancias sanitarias y político-económicas / Duration of working hours: health and socio-economic implications

Un tema de interés para la Terapia Ocupacional desde sus inicios, ha sido el cómo la persona distribuye el tiempo de sus actividades y a través de esto logra alcanzar el “Equilibrio Ocupacional”, reconociendo la importancia de éste para la salud del individuo. Sin embargo, un trabajador chileno actual se encuentra sometido a exigencias propias de su rol, que atentan directamente contra la consecución de dicho equilibrio, y por tanto, contra su salud. Atribuido esto principalmente a la gran cantidad de horas destinadas a su actividad productiva. En este documento se presenta un compilado de artículos que busca evidenciar la relación entre el estado de salud de los individuos y la duración de la jornada laboral, establecer aquellos estándares de jornada laboral con menor riesgo para la salud y además,mencionar las implicancias que la modificación de ésta puede tener para un país. Para cumplir dicho objetivo, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en forma virtual, a través del Sistema de Bibliotecas de la Universidad de Concepción (SIBUDEC), utilizando plataformas internacionales como Lilacs, Scielo , ProQuest, Pubmed y EBSCO. Complementando además, con la búsqueda directa de artículos en algunas revistas electrónicas. Finalmente, se reconoce que una jornada laboral de 8 horas diarias y entre 45 horas semanales, es lo máximo a lo que un trabajador debiera estar expuesto a su actividad laboral y se cuestiona si los parámetros de desarrollo económico debiesen ser el principal determinante para que un país tome la decisión de implementar este tipo de medidas.

A topic of relevance for occupational therapy from their bases, has been how the person distributes the time of their activities and through this reach “Occupational Balance”, recognizing its importance to the health of the human. However, a current Chilean worker is under its own role demands, which directly threaten the scope of this balance, and therefore their health . Attributed this mainly to the large number of hours devoted to its production. This document shows a compilation of articles that seek to demonstrate the relationship between health status of individuals and the length of the workday, set those workday standards with less risk to health, and also to mention the implications that amending this can have on a country. For this, a literature review was conducted virtually, through the Library System of the Universidad de Concepción (SIBUDEC) using international platforms like Lilacs, Scielo, ProQuest and EBSCO. Well complemented by direct search for items on some electronic journals. Finally it is recognized that a working day of 8 hours per day and 45 hours per week is the most that a worker should be exposed to their work and questions whether the parameters of economic development slated to be the primary determinant for a country to take the decision to implement such measures.

Análise dos agentes estressores e a expressão do estresse entre trabalhadores portuários avulsos / Analysis of stressors agents and stress expression among temporary dock workers

Mudanças decorrentes de processos de reorganização nos locais de trabalho têm sido associadas a aumento de estresse entre trabalhadores. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a percepção do trabalhador portuário acerca da presença de estresse no trabalho no Porto de Santos, São Paulo. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, cujos dados foram colhidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e do Inventário de Sintomas de Estresse para Adultos de Lipp. Foram entrevistados 17 trabalhadores portuários avulsos, dos quais 10 apresentaram estresse. Na percepção dos participantes, a atual organização do trabalho parece promover situações aversivas que favorecem o aparecimento e manutenção do estresse. Parece haver relação entre estresse e presença constante de sobrecarga física, exposição a ambientes hostis, má relação com o empregador, falta de equidade na distribuição do trabalho, e diminuição da remuneração, do número de trabalhadores por terno, da autonomia no trabalho, e da possibilidade de convívio familiar e lazer...

Changes arising from the reorganization of workplaces have been associated with increased stress among workers. The aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions of port workers about the presence of stress due to the process of modernization in the port of Santos . The study had a qualitative design and the data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews and Lipp's Inventory of Stress Symptoms. Seventeen temporary port workers were interviewed, 10 of whom had stress. In the perception of the worker, the current work organization seems to promote adverse situations that favor the occurrence and maintenance of stress. There seems to be a relationship between stress and the constant presence of physical overload, exposure to hostile environments, poor relationships with employers, a lack of equitable distribution of work, and reductions in the number of workers, salaries, autonomy at work, and the possibility of family life and leisure time...

Análise dos agentes estressores e a expressão do estresse entre trabalhadores portuários avulsos / Analysis of stressors agents and stress expression among temporary dock workers

Mudanças decorrentes de processos de reorganização nos locais de trabalho têm sido associadas a aumento de estresse entre trabalhadores. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a percepção do trabalhador portuário acerca da presença de estresse no trabalho no Porto de Santos, São Paulo. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, cujos dados foram colhidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e do Inventário de Sintomas de Estresse para Adultos de Lipp. Foram entrevistados 17 trabalhadores portuários avulsos, dos quais 10 apresentaram estresse. Na percepção dos participantes, a atual organização do trabalho parece promover situações aversivas que favorecem o aparecimento e manutenção do estresse. Parece haver relação entre estresse e presença constante de sobrecarga física, exposição a ambientes hostis, má relação com o empregador, falta de equidade na distribuição do trabalho, e diminuição da remuneração, do número de trabalhadores por terno, da autonomia no trabalho, e da possibilidade de convívio familiar e lazer.(AU)

Changes arising from the reorganization of workplaces have been associated with increased stress among workers. The aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions of port workers about the presence of stress due to the process of modernization in the port of Santos . The study had a qualitative design and the data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews and Lipp's Inventory of Stress Symptoms. Seventeen temporary port workers were interviewed, 10 of whom had stress. In the perception of the worker, the current work organization seems to promote adverse situations that favor the occurrence and maintenance of stress. There seems to be a relationship between stress and the constant presence of physical overload, exposure to hostile environments, poor relationships with employers, a lack of equitable distribution of work, and reductions in the number of workers, salaries, autonomy at work, and the possibility of family life and leisure time.(AU)

Significado da regulamentação da jornada de trabalho em enfermagem / Meaning of the regulation of work day in nursing / Significado de la regulación de la jornada de trabajo en enfermería

O objetivo deste artigo foi refletir sobre o significado da regulamentação da jornada de trabalho para os trabalhadores em enfermagem. As entidades da enfermagem brasileira empreendem lutas pela regulamentação da sua jornada de trabalho há quase meio século. Atualmente, com o Projeto de Lei no 2295/2000, se pretende obter a jornada de trabalho diária de 6 horas e de 30 horas semanais. Questiona-se neste ensaio, quais implicações a regulamentação desta jornada trará para os trabalhadores? A possibilidade de maior tempo livre será utilizado para o crescimento cultural, político e técnico dos trabalhadores ou servirá para o acúmulo de mais vínculos empregatícios e de mais tempo dedicado ao consumo? Ao final as autoras tentam responder a estas perguntas e apontar suas consequências.

The purpose of this article was to reflect on the meaning of the regulation of working hours for workers in nursing. Currently, the Draft Law no 2295/2000, the objective is to ensure the workday to 6 hours daily and 30 weekly hours. One may wonder what implications this assay the regulation of this journey will bring to nursing: the possibility of more free time will be used for the cultural and technical staff of nurses and serv only for the accumulation of more employment relationships and dedicated to the consumer? At the end, we present possible answers to this question and its consequences.

El propósito de este artículo es reflexionar sobre el sentido de la regulación de las horas de trabajo para los trabajadores de enfermería. Los profesionales de enfermería brasileros emprendieron sus luchas por la reglamentación de la jornada de trabajo hace casi medio siglo. Actualmente, con el Proyecto de Ley no 2295/200, se busca garantizar una jornada laboral diaria de 6 horas y de 30 horas semanales. Preguntase en este ensayo ¿Qué implicaciones traerá para losenfermeros la reglamentación de la jornada de trabajo? La posibilidad de mayor tiempo libre será utilizado en el crecimiento cultural, político y técnico de los profesionales de enfermería o servirá apenas para acumular otros vínculos laborales y dedicación al consumo? Al final, se dan las posibles respuestas a este interrogante y sus consecuencias.

Mensuração de horas de trabalho do enfermeiro em hospital filantrópico terciário / Measuring nurses' work hours in a philanthropic tertiary hospital / Mensuración de horas de trabajo del enfermero en hospital filantrópico terciario

Estudo quantitativo, exploratório e transversal objetivou mensurar o tempo empregado em atividades desempenhadas por enfermeiros de um hospital filantrópico terciário. Os dados foram coletados em 2010 por meio da observação direta e sistematizada do tempo despendido em atividades assistenciais, gerenciais e de apoio desses profissionais, durante 120 horas. Verificou-se que durante a jornada de trabalho os enfermeiros consumiram 39% do tempo em atividades administrativas, 33% em atividades assistenciais e 28% em atividades de apoio ou relacionadas ao atendimento a terceiros. A contribuição deste estudo se deu através do reconhecimento do papel desempenhado pelo enfermeiro durante a jornada de trabalho, o que possibilitou visualizar as lacunas entre suas atribuições legais e o processo de trabalho real, além de favorecer a gerência do dimensionamento desse profissional para a clientela atendida, a partir do diagnóstico situacional de como esse investe o tempo durante a jornada de trabalho...

This quantitative, exploratory and transversal study aimed to measure the time employed in activities carried out by nurses in a philanthropic tertiary hospital. The data was collected in 2010 by systematic direct observation of the time spent in care activities, management activities, and in support of nurses and managers, during a period of 120 hours. It was ascertained that during the workday the nurses spent 39% of the time on administrative activities, 33% on care activities, and 28% in support activities or in attending to third parties. The contribution of this study lies in its recognition of the role fulfilled by the nurses during the workday, which made it possible to identify the gaps between they are legally expected to do and the real work process, besides benefitting the management of training and equipping these professionals for the clients attended, based on a situational diagnosis of how they invest their time during the workday...

Estudio cuantitativo, exploratorio y transversal cuyo objetivo fue mensurar el tiempo empleado en actividades de enfermeros de un hospital filantrópico terciario. Los datos fueron recogidos en 2010 por medio de la observación directa y sistematizada del tiempo gastado en actividades asistenciales, administrativas y de apoyo de eses profesionales, durante 120 horas. Se ha verificado que durante la jornada laboral los enfermeros consumieron 39% del tiempo en actividades administrativas, 33% en actividades asistenciales y 28% en actividades de apoyo o relacionadas al atendimiento a terceros. La contribución de este estudio se muestra por medio del reconocimiento del papel del enfermero durante su jornada de trabajo, lo que posibilitó visualizar las lagunas entre sus atribuciones legales y el proceso de trabajo real, además de favorecer la administración con fines de dimensionar ese profesional para la clientela atendida, a partir del diagnóstico situacional de como ese invierte su tiempo durante su periodo de trabajo...