How does short video use generate political identity? Intermediate mechanisms with evidence from China's small-town youth.

Introduction: China's Small-town Youth is an important social class connecting urban and rural development. Its ideological status is closely related to social stability and development so that the study of political identity of small town youth in China has become an important topic. Methods: Based on survey and in-depth interviews, this paper investigates the intermediate mechanism of short videos use on political identity of China's Small-town Youth. Results and discussion: The study found that the use of short videos by China's Small-town Youth has a significant positive impact on political identity, and media trust and political trust play a complete mediating role between the use of short videos and political identity. Cultural identity as the main content of China's political ideology propaganda, cannot affect political trust. This research provides theoretical basis and practical enlightenment for the systematic understanding of the spiritual world and political beliefs of China's Small-town Youth, and for exploring how to enhance their political identity through short videos use.

Association between physical activity, screen time activities, diet patterns and daytime sleepiness in a sample of Brazilian adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between physical activity, screen time, eating habits and daytime sleepiness among Brazilian adolescents. METHODS: Adolescents from three high schools (n = 876, 49.8% female, 16.4 ± 1.2 years) participated in this cross-sectional survey. Variables related to lifestyle behaviors (ie, physical activity, screen time, eating habits, sleep duration) were collected through an online questionnaire. Daytime sleepiness was assessed using the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS). Excessive daytime sleepiness was defined as a PDSS score ≥20. RESULTS: The average PDSS score was 18.9 (SD ± 4.8) points and 46.8% of adolescents were classified as having excessive daytime sleepiness. Physical activity was inversely associated with PDSS score (ß = -0.29, 95% CI -0.47; -0.11). Consuming processed foods frequently (ß = 1.16, 95% CI 0.85; 1.47) and using social media (ß = 0.22, 95% CI 0.14; 0.30) were positively associated with PDSS score. Similar findings were observed for the odds of excessive daytime sleepiness. Physical activity was inversely associated (OR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.84; 0.99), while frequent consumption of processed foods (OR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.33; 1.82) and using social media (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.02; 1.24) were positively associated with excessive daytime sleepiness. CONCLUSIONS: Lower physical activity level, a higher consumption processed foods, and higher social media use were associated with daytime sleepiness in this sample of Brazilian adolescents.

Behavior Problems Among Adolescents Exposed to Family and Community Violence in Chile.

Research that simultaneously examines the relationship of multiple types of family and community violence with youth outcomes is limited in the previous research literature, particularly in Latin America. This study examined the relationship of youth exposure to family and community violence-parental use of corporal punishment, violence in the community, intimate partner physical aggression-with eight subscales of the Youth Self Report among a Chilean sample of 593 youth-mother pairs. Results from multilevel models indicated a positive association between youth exposure to violence in the family and community, and a wide range of behavior problem outcomes, in particular, aggression. With growing evidence concerning the detrimental effect of violence on youth's well-being, these findings highlight the need for a more comprehensive understanding of the various kinds of violence youth are exposed to within the family and community and the concomitant need to reduce multiple forms of violence.

Prevalencia de sobrepeso, obesidad, actividad física y tabaquismo en adolescentes argentinos: Encuestas Mundiales de Salud Escolar y de Tabaco en Jóvenes, 2007-2012 / Prevalence of overweight, obesity, physical activity and tobacco use in Argentine youth: Global School-Based Student Health Survey and Global Youth Tobacco Survey, 2007-2012

Introducción. En 2007 y 2012, se implementaron en nuestro país las Encuestas Mundiales de Salud en Jóvenes (EMSE) y de Tabaco en Jóvenes (EMTJ) para estimar la prevalencia de comportamientos de riesgo y factores de protección entre los adolescentes de 13 a 15 años. Objetivo. Evaluar los cambios de los indicadores de alimentación y peso corporal, tabaco y actividad física en los últimos 5 años. Metodología. Estudio de corte transversal. Se utilizó un muestreo aleatorizado bietápico con selección de 600 escuelas a nivel nacional. Los estudiantes de las divisiones elegidas al azar fueron invitados a responder el cuestionario autoadministrado (de la EMSE o de la EMTJ). Resultados. En 2012, la encuesta fue respondida por 20 697 alumnos de 544 escuelas para la EMSE y 2062 para la EMTJ en 73 escuelas. Entre 2007 y 2012, se incrementó en forma significativa la prevalencia de sobrepeso (24,5% en 2007, 28,6% en 2012) y obesidad (4,4% en 2007, 5,9% en 2012), y se mantuvieron elevados los consumos de bebidas azucaradas y comidas rápidas. Se observó una leve mejora en el nivel de actividad física (12,7% en 2007, 16,7% en 2012) aunque continúa por debajo de lo recomendado. Se redujo la prevalencia de tabaquismo (24,5% en 2007, 19,6% en 2012), pero persiste elevado el acceso a productos del tabaco y la exposición al humo de tabaco ajeno en lugares públicos, incluso la escuela. Conclusiones. La progresión de la epidemia de sobrepeso y obesidad indica una necesidad de profundizar acciones en alimentación saludable y actividad física. A pesar del descenso de la prevalencia de tabaquismo, es necesario seguir fortaleciendo las acciones de control de tabaco.

Introduction. In2007and 2012, the Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) and the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) were implemented to estimate the prevalence of risk behaviors and protection factors among 13 to 15 year-old adolescents. Objective. To assess changes in dietary, body weight, tobacco and physical activity indicators in the past five years. Population and Methos. Cross-sectional study. A randomized, two-stage sampling with 600 schools selected at a national level was used. Students from randomly selected courses were invited to answer a self-administered questionnaire (either the GSHS or the GYTS). Results. In 2012, the GSHS was completed by 20 697 students from 544 schools, while the GYTS was completed by 2062 students from 73 schools. Between 2007 and 2012, overweight and obesity prevalence significantly increased (overweight: 24.5% in2007, 28.6% in2012; obesity 4.4% in2007, 5.9% in 2012), while the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and fast food remained high. A slight improvement was observed in the level of physical activity (12.7% in 2007, 16.7% in 2012), although it remains below what is recommended. The prevalence of tobacco use was reduced (24.5% in 2007, 19.6% in 2012), but access to tobacco products and exposure to secondhand smoke remains high in public places, including schools. Conclusions. The spread of the overweight and obesity epidemic calls for a need to consolidate actions tending towards a healthy diet and physical activity. Despite a decrease in the prevalence of tobacco use, it is necessary to continue strengthening tobacco control actions.

Prevalencia de sobrepeso, obesidad, actividad física y tabaquismo en adolescentes argentinos: Encuestas Mundiales de Salud Escolar y de Tabaco en Jóvenes, 2007-2012 / Prevalence of overweight, obesity, physical activity and tobacco use in Argentine youth: Global School-Based Student Health Survey and Global Youth Tobacco Survey, 2007-2012

Introducción. En 2007 y 2012, se implementaron en nuestro país las Encuestas Mundiales de Salud en Jóvenes (EMSE) y de Tabaco en Jóvenes (EMTJ) para estimar la prevalencia de comportamientos de riesgo y factores de protección entre los adolescentes de 13 a 15 años. Objetivo. Evaluar los cambios de los indicadores de alimentación y peso corporal, tabaco y actividad física en los últimos 5 años. Metodología. Estudio de corte transversal. Se utilizó un muestreo aleatorizado bietápico con selección de 600 escuelas a nivel nacional. Los estudiantes de las divisiones elegidas al azar fueron invitados a responder el cuestionario autoadministrado (de la EMSE o de la EMTJ). Resultados. En 2012, la encuesta fue respondida por 20 697 alumnos de 544 escuelas para la EMSE y 2062 para la EMTJ en 73 escuelas. Entre 2007 y 2012, se incrementó en forma significativa la prevalencia de sobrepeso (24,5% en 2007, 28,6% en 2012) y obesidad (4,4% en 2007, 5,9% en 2012), y se mantuvieron elevados los consumos de bebidas azucaradas y comidas rápidas. Se observó una leve mejora en el nivel de actividad física (12,7% en 2007, 16,7% en 2012) aunque continúa por debajo de lo recomendado. Se redujo la prevalencia de tabaquismo (24,5% en 2007, 19,6% en 2012), pero persiste elevado el acceso a productos del tabaco y la exposición al humo de tabaco ajeno en lugares públicos, incluso la escuela. Conclusiones. La progresión de la epidemia de sobrepeso y obesidad indica una necesidad de profundizar acciones en alimentación saludable y actividad física. A pesar del descenso de la prevalencia de tabaquismo, es necesario seguir fortaleciendo las acciones de control de tabaco.(AU)

Introduction. In2007and 2012, the Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) and the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) were implemented to estimate the prevalence of risk behaviors and protection factors among 13 to 15 year-old adolescents. Objective. To assess changes in dietary, body weight, tobacco and physical activity indicators in the past five years. Population and Methos. Cross-sectional study. A randomized, two-stage sampling with 600 schools selected at a national level was used. Students from randomly selected courses were invited to answer a self-administered questionnaire (either the GSHS or the GYTS). Results. In 2012, the GSHS was completed by 20 697 students from 544 schools, while the GYTS was completed by 2062 students from 73 schools. Between 2007 and 2012, overweight and obesity prevalence significantly increased (overweight: 24.5% in2007, 28.6% in2012; obesity 4.4% in2007, 5.9% in 2012), while the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and fast food remained high. A slight improvement was observed in the level of physical activity (12.7% in 2007, 16.7% in 2012), although it remains below what is recommended. The prevalence of tobacco use was reduced (24.5% in 2007, 19.6% in 2012), but access to tobacco products and exposure to secondhand smoke remains high in public places, including schools. Conclusions. The spread of the overweight and obesity epidemic calls for a need to consolidate actions tending towards a healthy diet and physical activity. Despite a decrease in the prevalence of tobacco use, it is necessary to continue strengthening tobacco control actions.(AU)