[Rules of acupoint selection and pattern-acupoint relationship in treatment with acupuncture and moxibustion for endometriosis based on complex network analysis technology].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the rules of acupoint selection and pattern-acupoint relationship in treatment with acupuncture and moxibustion for endometriosis (EMs) based on complex network analysis technology. METHODS: The articles for clinical trial of EMs treated with acupuncture and moxibustion were searched from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase and Cochrane Library from the inception of the databases to December 14, 2022. Using Microsoft Excel 2019 software, the database was established to collect the use frequency of acupoint, meridian tropism, location and pattern-acupoint relationship. SPSS Modeler 18.0 Apriori algorithm was adopted to conduct the association rule analysis, Cytoscape3.7.2 software was used to plot the complex co-occurrence network map; and SPSS Statistics 26.0 was adopted to perform hierarchical cluster analysis on high-frequency acupoints and a tree diagram was drawn. RESULTS: A total of 163 articles were included, and 167 core acupoint prescriptions and 74 pattern-associated acupoint prescriptions were extracted, involving 92 acupoints, with a cumulative frequency of 1 223 times. The top five acupoints with the highest use frequency were Guanyuan (CV 4), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zhongji (CV 3), Zigong (EX-CA 1) and Qihai (CV 6). The selected acupoints were mostly distributed in the chest, abdomen and lower limbs; and the involved meridians included the conception vessel, the spleen meridian of foot-taiyin and the stomach meridian of foot-yangming. The acupoint compatibility of high frequency referred to Guanyuan (CV 4) - Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Guanyuan (CV 4) - Zhongji (CV 3), and Guanyuan (CV 4) - Zigong (EX-CA 1). The close association was presented among Guanyuan (CV 4), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Qihai (CV 6) and Zhongji (CV 3), which had the strongest connection with the other acupoints; among the top 25 acupoints with the highest use frequency, 5 acupoint prescriptions with high frequency were obtained by the cluster analysis. Guanyuan (CV 4), Qihai (CV 6), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zigong (EX-CA 1) and Zhongji (CV 3) were selected for cold and blood stagnation; Guanyuan (CV 4), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zhongji (CV 3), Dahe (KI 12) and Taixi (KI 3) for kidney deficiency and blood stagnation; Zhongji (CV 3), Guanyuan (CV 4), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Xuehai (SP 10) and Diji (SP 8) for qi and blood stagnation; Qihai (CV 6), Guanyuan (CV 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Xuehai (SP 10), and Zigong (EX-CA 1) for qi deficiency and blood stagnation; Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Fenglong (ST 40), Zhongliao (BL 33), Ciliao (BL 32) and Xialiao (BL 34) for interaction of phlegm and stasis; and Daheng (SP 15), Guanyuan (CV 4), Zhongji (CV 3), Qihai (CV 6) and Zhongwan (CV 12) for retention of damp and heat. CONCLUSION: The core acupoints are Guanyuan (CV 4), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zhongji (CV 3), Qihai (CV 6) and Zigong (EX-CA 1) in treatment of endometriosis with acupuncture and moxibustion. Six patterns/syndromes are involved in clinical practice. In terms of the properties, functions and indications, the supplementary acupoints are selected on the basis of the core acupoints for different patterns/sydnromes of the disease.

Analysis of Acupoint Selection Rules for Guasha Treatment of Primary Headaches Based on Data Mining.

Objective: We aimed to understand the commonly used acupoints and the acupoint combination rules in Guasha therapy for primary headaches using data mining technology, providing a reference for the clinical application of Guasha therapy for primary headaches. Methods: Literature related to Guasha therapy for primary headaches in PubMed, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched, up until May 12, 2023. A database of acupoints for Guasha therapy for primary headaches was established in Excel. The frequency of the acupoints used for Guasha in therapy of primary headaches were calculated by SPSS 25.0. The association rules between the acupoints were further described using SPSS Modeler 18.0. Results: A total of 67 papers were included, involving 51 acupoints for Guasha against primary headaches. The most commonly used acupoints were Fengchi, Baihui, Taiyang, Shuaigu, Tianzhu, and Hegu. The common acupoint combinations for Guasha therapy for primary headaches were Fengchi-Taiyang, Fengchi-Baihui, Fengchi-Taiyang-Baihui, Fengchi-Tianzhu-Baihui, and Fengchi-Shuaigu-Taiyang-Baihui. Conclusion: Data mining can effectively analyze the commonly used acupoints and the acupoint combination rules in Guasha therapy for primary headaches, providing a reliable basis for clinical acupoint selection.

Analysis on acupoint selection rules in the treatment of metabolism-associated fatty liver disease based on data mining. / åŸºäºŽæ•°æ®æŒ–æŽ˜æŠ€æœ¯åˆ†æžé’ˆç¸æ²»ç–—ä»£è°¢ç›¸å ³è„‚è‚ªæ€§è‚ç— çš„é€‰ç©´è§„å¾‹.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the rules of acupoint selection in the treatment of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) with acupuncture and moxibustion by using data mining technology. METHODS: The clinical research literature on acupuncture treatment of MAFLD was collected from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP Database and China Biology Medicine from their inception to November 20, 2022. According to our inclusion and exclusion criteria, the literature was independently screened and re-screened by two research members, and the screened results were checked, followed by establishing an acupoint prescription database using Excel 2019. Descriptive statistics of acupoints applied frequency, involved meridians, locations and specific acupoints were perpormed. Then, SPSS Modeler18.0 software was used to conduct analysis about association rules, and the SPSS Statistics 26.0 software was used to perform cluster analysis on high-frequency acupoints, exploring the characteristics and rules of acupoint selection and combination in the treatment of MAFLD. RESULTS: Totally, 178 papers were collected, containing 130 acupoints, with a total application frequency of 1 305. The top five acupoints are Zusanli (ST36), Fenglong (ST40), Ganshu (BL18), Taichong (LR3) and Sanyinjiao (SP6). The commonly involved meridians are the Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangming, Bladder Meridian of Foot Taiyang, and Spleen Meridian of Foot Taiyin. The employed acupoints are mostly located in the lower limbs and abdomen, and the five Shu acupoints and crossing acupoints are in the majority. The association rule analysis of high frequency acupoints indicated that of the 16 qualified acupoint groups, the top 5 with close correlation degrees are ST36 and ST40, ST36 and LR3, ST36 and SP6, ST40 and LR3 and ST36, ST36 and SP6 and ST40. Further, 3 effective clusters were obtained by cluster analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of MAFLD follows the therapeutic principles of soothing the liver, invigorating the spleen, tonifying the kidney, and resolving phlegm and removing dampness. The core acupoint group is ST36, ST40 and LR3, and the combination of acupoints is based on syndrome differentiation. These results may provide a useful reference for clinical practice.

Acupoint selection rules of acupuncture for Tourette syndrome in children. / 针刺治疗儿童Tourette综合征选穴规律.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the rules of acupoint selection and compatibility of acupuncture for Tourette syndrome(TS) in children. METHODS: The relevant literature regarding acupuncture for Tourette syndrome in children included in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library from the establishment of the database to March 31st, 2023 was retrieved.The information of acupuncture prescription, syndrome type, meridian affinity was extracted to set up database. The Microsoft Excel 2019 was used for descriptive statistical analysis, SPSS modeler18.0 was for association rule analysis, lantern5.0 was for latent structure analysis and comprehensive clustering. RESULTS: ①A total of 80 literature was included, and 112 acupuncture prescriptions were extracted, involving 104 acupoints, with a cumulative frequency of 859 times.②The acupoints with high use frequency were Taichong(LR 3), Baihui(GV 20), Fengchi(GB 20), Hegu(LI 4), Sishencong(EX-HN 1), Sanyinjiao(SP 6) and Zusanli(ST 36).③In the treatment of TS with acupuncture, the governor vessel acupoints were the most frequently used, the proportion of acupoints on the head, face, neck and lower limbs was higher. ④The association rule analysis showed that Fengchi(GB 20)-Hegu(LI 4) and Taichong(LR 3)-Hegu(LI 4) had the highest support degree, both were 47.32%.⑤Five comprehensive clustering models were obtained by analyzing the latent structure of high-frequency acupoints, corresponding to yin deficiency disturbing wind, liver hyperactivity and spleen deficiency, liver yang transforming into wind, phlegm-heat harassing the interior and qi stagnation transformed fire. CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture for TS in children is based on the principle of soothe the liver and extinguish the wind, regulating qi and blood, and paying attention to regulating spirit and qi. The core acupoints are Fengchi(GB 20), Hegu(LI 4), Taichong(LR 3), Baihui(GV 20), Sanyinjiao(SP 6) , Zusanli(ST 36), acupoints should be selected according to different syndrome in clinical.

Clinical rules of Acupoint selection for cancer pain opioid-induced constipation based on journal literature data mining: A systematic review.

Objective: To analyse and summarise the regularity of acupoint selection in the treatment of opioid-induced constipation (OIC) in patients with cancer pain using a data mining technique and provide a reference for clinical practice and more valuable treatment options. Methods: The acupoint prescription database for the treatment of OIC-related cancer pain was established by searching the relevant literature on randomised controlled trials involving acupoint therapy for OIC-related cancer pain in seven major databases, including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang and VIP Chinese scientific journal databases, from database establishment to December 31, 2022. The main therapeutic measures of acupoint prescription, frequency of acupoint use and its subordinate meridians and subordinate sites were then analysed. Through systematic clustering and association rule analysis, the core acupoint prescriptions and most commonly used acupoint compatibility of acupoint therapy for OIC-related cancer pain were obtained. Results: A total of 649 articles were retrieved, with 72 articles included after screening. The treatment measures were found to be mainly acupoint applications involving 28 acupoints, with a total frequency of 234. The three most frequently used acupoints were Shenque, Tianshu and Zusanli. The number of points used in the Foot-Yangming stomach meridian was the highest. Commonly used acupoints were mainly distributed in the abdomen. The compatibility of two commonly used acupoints was obtained through systematic clustering. Through association rule analysis, it was found that in the compatibility of acupoints, the strongest correlation was between Tianshu and Zusanli, and their frequency of application was the highest. Conclusion: Tianshu and Zusanli are the core acupoints for acupoint therapy in the treatment of OIC-related cancer pain, and the Shangjuxu-Zhigou-Zusanli, Qihai-Guanyuan and Zhongwan-Tianshu acupoints exhibit the highest compatibility. This study provides a reference for the clinical acupoint selection programme of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of OIC-related cancer pain.

Acupoint selection rules of acupuncture and moxibustion in treating neurogenic bladder based on data mining. / 基于数据挖掘技术分析针灸治疗神经源性膀胱的选穴规律.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the rules of acupoint selection in the treatment of neurogenic bladder (NB) with acupuncture and moxibustion by using data mining. METHODS: The clinical research literatures on acupuncture treatment of NB were collected from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP Database and China Biology Medicine from retrieved to January 1, 2023. The acupoint prescription database was established using Excel 2019. SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS Statistics 26.0 softwares were used to conduct the frequency, meri-dians, locations, specific acupoints analysis and association rules analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, etc., to explore the characteristics and rules of acupoint selection in acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of NB. RESULTS: Totally 313 papers were included, including 110 acupoints with a total frequency of 1 995. The high-frequency acupoints are Zhongji (CV3), Guanyuan (CV4), Sanyinjiao (SP6), etc. The commonly used meridians are the Bladder Meridian of Foot Taiyang and Conception Vessel. The involved acupoints are mostly located in the lumbosacral region and abdomen, and intersection acupoints, mu-front acupoints and back-shu acupoints are the majority in the specific acupoints. The core acupoints group was analyzed, and 17 groups of association rules, 7 factors and 6 effective cluster groups were obtained. CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of NB follows the therapeutic principles of toni-fying the kidney, invigorating the spleen, and soothing the liver. The core acupoints group is CV3-CV4-SP6.

Acupoint selection rules of staging, syndrome types, and symptoms of acupuncture for peripheral facial paralysis based on data mining. / åŸºäºŽæ–‡çŒ®ç ”ç©¶æŽ¢è®¨é’ˆåˆºæ²»ç–—å‘¨å›´æ€§é¢ç˜«çš„åˆ†æœŸã€è¯åž‹ã€ç—‡çŠ¶é€‰ç©´è§„å¾‹.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze and explore the acupoint selection rules of different staging, syndrome types, and symptoms of acupuncture for peripheral facial paralysis based on data mining. METHODS: Literature regarding acupuncture for peripheral facial paralysis was retrieved in CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed, and PubMed from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2021. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Assistant Platform (V 3.0), SPSS Modeler 18.0, and Cytoscape software were used to analyze the selection of acupoints based on staging, meridian distribution of acupoints, the selection of acupoints based on syndrome types, syndrome types based on staging, and symptom-based acupoint selection. Association rule analysis was performed for each stage and major syndrome types, and co-occurrence network diagrams were generated. RESULTS: A total of 1 695 articles were included, involving 124 acupoints with a total frequency of 5 456 times. Among 1 080 articles related to staging-based acupoint selection, the acute stage had the highest acupoint use frequency (2 224 times) and number (88 acupoints). Among all stages, the acupoints of the stomach meridian of foot-yangming were most frequently used, with Dicang (ST 4)-Yangbai (GB 14) and Dicang (ST 4)-Jiache (ST 6) being the high-frequency acupoint pairs in each stage. The top four syndrome types in terms of acupoint usage frequency were wind-cold syndrome, wind-heat syndrome, qi-blood deficiency syndrome, and liver-gallbladder damp-heat syndrome. Among 521 articles combining staging with symptoms or syndrome types with symptoms for acupoint selection, the symptom "nasolabial groove becoming shallow or disappearing" had the highest frequency of occurrence. The symptoms with the highest acupoint usage frequency and number were "forehead wrinkles becoming shallow or disappearing" and "pain behind the ear" respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Acupoint selection for peripheral facial paralysis primarily focuses on the yang meridians in each stage, supplemented by local acupoints and based on the pathological characteristics. Syndrome differentiation and treatment should be prioritized, combined with local acupoint selection. Clinical acupoint selection can be based on a combination of staging, syndrome types, and symptoms.

Characteristics of Acupoint Selection and Therapeutic Effect Analysis of Acupuncture Treatment for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

OBJECTIVES: The therapeutic effect of acupuncture treatment on chronic kidney disease (CKD) was assessed, and the characteristics of acupoint selection in different CKD types were summarised. METHODS: A total of 100 patients with CKD were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study, of whom 50 received acupuncture treatment for 12 weeks (acupuncture group) and 50 received routine treatment for 12 weeks (control group). Routine treatment included appropriate rest, low-salt and low-protein diet and correction of the disturbance in water, electrolyte and acid-base balance. Hypertensive patients received antihypertensive treatment, and patients with hyperuricaemia received uric acid lowering treatment. Acupuncture acupoints were selected in accordance with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory. Baseline characteristics, therapeutic effects and adverse events were assessed, and kidney function indexes, urine albumin creatine ratios (UACRs) and estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) were compared at different time points (before acupuncture treatment, T1; Immediately after acupuncture treatment, T2; After 3 months of follow-up, T3). RESULTS: The baseline data were slightly different between the groups (p > 0.05), specifically gender, age, duration time, TCM syndrome, CKD stage, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The acupuncture group presented better therapeutic effects than the control group (82.00% vs. 60.00%, p = 0.015). At T2 or T3, the value of UACR in both groups obviously decreased (p < 0.05), whereas the eGFRs markedly increased (p < 0.05). In addition, at T2 or T3, the UACRs were significantly lower in the acupuncture group than in the control group (p < 0.01), whereas an opposite result was obtained for eGFR (p < 0.05). The adverse event rate barely differed between the groups (8.00% vs. 6.00%, p = 0.695). CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture treatment can effectively treat CKD and can improve kidney function. This study provides a theoretical basis for clinical application.

Characteristics of Acupoint Selection and Therapeutic Effect Analysis of Acupuncture Treatment for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Objectives: The therapeutic effect of acupuncture treatment on chronic kidney disease (CKD) was assessed, and the characteristics of acupoint selection in different CKD types were summarised. Methods: A total of 100 patients with CKD were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study, of whom 50 received acupuncture treatment for 12 weeks (acupuncture group) and 50 received routine treatment for 12 weeks (control group). Routine treatment included appropriate rest, low-salt and low-protein diet and correction of the disturbance in water, electrolyte and acid-base balance. Hypertensive patients received antihypertensive treatment, and patients with hyperuricaemia received uric acid lowering treatment. Acupuncture acupoints were selected in accordance with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory. Baseline characteristics, therapeutic effects and adverse events were assessed, and kidney function indexes, urine albumin creatine ratios (UACRs) and estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) were compared at different time points (before acupuncture treatment, T1; Immediately after acupuncture treatment, T2; After 3 months of follow-up, T3). Results: The baseline data were slightly different between the groups (p > 0.05), specifically gender, age, duration time, TCM syndrome, CKD stage, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The acupuncture group presented better therapeutic effects than the control group (82.00% vs. 60.00%, p = 0.015). At T2 or T3, the value of UACR in both groups obviously decreased (p < 0.05), whereas the eGFRs markedly increased (p < 0.05) (AU)

[Investigation on "Fengshi (GB 31) for treating wind disorders"].

From the perspective of academic history, the paper reviews systematically the background and evolution of the understanding of "Fengshi (GB 31) for treating wind disorders". In the ancient literature, there are no direct relevant statement for the indication of Fengshi (GB 31) associated with "wind", and the consensus on "Fengshi for treating wind disorders" has not been made yet. Under the influence of acupoint theory in recent era and the syndrome differentiation for acupuncture treatment in modern time, this statement becomes a conventional understanding and acceptable gradually. Meanwhile, the understanding for Fengshi (GB 31) treating wind disorders tends to be generalized. Practically, Fengshi (GB 31) is applicable for the various disorders in the local and adjacent areas. It is necessary for modern acupuncture researchers to systematically collate, investigate and identify the knowledge content with a sense of familiarity so that the contemporary inheritance, development and application of traditional theoretical knowledge of acupuncture can be enhanced.

[Acupoint selection rules of acupuncture and moxibustion for post-stroke epilepsy based on data mining technology].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the acupoint selection rules of acupuncture and moxibustion for post-stroke epilepsy by data mining technology. METHODS: The literature regarding acupuncture and moxibustion for post-stroke epilepsy included in CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed and PubMed databases from the establishment of the database to August 1st 2022 was retrieved. Microsoft Excel 2019 software was used to establish a database to conduct the descriptive analysis of acupoints; SPSS Modeler 18.0 Apriori algorithm was used to conduct association rule analysis; high-frequency acupoint co-occurrence network diagrams were drawn by Cytoscape3.9.0 software; SPSS Statistics 25.0 software was used to perform hierarchical cluster analysis on high-frequency acupoints and a tree diagram was drawn. RESULTS: Totally 39 articles were included, and 63 prescriptions of acupuncture and moxibustion were extracted, involving 56 acupoints, with a total frequency of 516 times; the top three acupoints with the highest frequency of use were Baihui (GV 20), Fenglong (ST 40) and Neiguan (PC 6); the selected meridians were mainly the governor vessel, the hand and foot yangming meridians; the selection of acupoints were mostly in the head, neck and lower limbs; in terms of acupoint compatibility, Hegu (LI 4)-Shuigou (GV 26) and Neiguan (PC 6) had the highest confidence degree; The top 20 high-frequency acupoints could be divided into 4 effective clusters. CONCLUSION: Modern acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for post-stroke epilepsy attaches great importance to the use of yang meridians and meridians with enrich qi and blood; the core prescription is Shuigou (GV 26)-Neiguan (PC 6)-Hegu (LI 4)-Baihui (GV 20). In addition, the combination of distant and near acupoints is highly valued to improve clinical efficacy.

[The rules of acupoint selection of acupuncture and moxibustion for aphasia based on data mining].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the rules of acupoint selection for aphasia treated with acupuncture and moxibustion using data mining technology. METHODS: From January 1, 2000 to April 1, 2022, the articles for clinical researches of acupuncture and moxibustion for aphasia published in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase were searched. Using Microsoft Excel 2021, the database was set up to analyze the use frequency of acupoint, meridian tropism, acupoint distribution and the use of specific points. SPSS26.0 was adopted for factor analysis, SPSS Modeler 18.0 was for association rule analysis of prescriptions, and Gephi 0.9.5 was to plot the co-occurrence network diagrams of acupoints and meridians. RESULTS: A total of 140 articles were collated, including 146 acupuncture and moxibustion prescriptions and 189 acupoints. The total use frequency of these acupoints was 1 211. Lianquan (CV 23), Jinjin (EX-HN 12), Yuye (EX-HN 13), Baihui (GV 20) and Yamen (GV 15) were the top 5 acupoints of the high use frequency for aphasia treated with acupuncture and moxibustion. Among 189 acupoints collected, the extra points and empirical points were mostly selected. The top 3 involved meridians were the governor vessel, the gallbladder meridian of foot-shaoyang and the conception vessel. These acupoints were mostly distributed on the head, face and neck region. The use frequency of five-shu points was the highest among the specific points. The acupoint combinations of high frequency referred to Yuye (EX-HN 13)-Jinjin (EX-HN 12), Yuye (EX-HN 13)-Lianquan (CV 23)-Jinjin (EX-HN 12), and Fengchi (GB 20)-Yuye (EX-HN 13)-Jinjin (EX-HN 12). Factor analysis extracted 10 common factors for acupoint compatibility in treatment of aphasia with acupuncture and moxibustion. CONCLUSION: In clinical treatment of aphasia with acupuncture and moxibustion, the local acupoints are preferred. The core acupoints include Lianquan (CV 23), Jinjin (EX-HN 12), Yuye (EX-HN 13), Baihui (GV 20) and Yamen (GV 15). The acupoint prescription is modified flexibly according to syndrome differentiation to enhance the therapeutic effect.

[Analysis of regularity of acupoint selection and compatibility of acupuncture in the treatment of postpartum depression].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the regularity of acupoint selection, and compatibility of acupuncture in the treatment of postpartum depression. METHODS: Articles both in English and Chinese published in databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Chinese biomedical literature database (SinoMed), PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library from the inception to February of 2021 were retrieved by using key words "acupuncture" or "moxibustion" or "electroacupuncture" or "acupoint application" or " acupoint burying" or "acupoint injection" or "fire needling" and "postpartum depression" or "puerperal depression". The frequencies of selected acupoints and meridians were counted by using data mining technology, and the points with high frequency were analyzed by cluster analysis. RESULTS: A total of 42 articles were included, containing 65 prescriptions and 80 points. The highest frequency of acupoints were Baihui (GV20), Sanyinjiao (SP6), Taichong (LR3), Neiguan (PC6), Zusanli (ST36) and Shenmen (HT7). The most frequently selected channels were Bladder Meridian, Governor Meridian and Liver Meridian. Among the specific points, intersection points, five-shu points, yuan-source points and back-shu points were widely used. Through cluster analysis, four effective cluster groups ï¼»GV20-SP6, LR3-PC6, Xinshu (BL15)-Ganshu (BL18)-Pishu (BL20)-Guanyuan (CV4), Hegu (LI4)-Qihai(CV6)-Qimen (LR14)ï¼½ were obtained, as well as a group of main points (GV20-SP6-LR3-PC6-ST36-HT7) and two groups of matching points ï¼»LI4-CV6-LR14 and BL15-BL18-BL20-CV4-Sishencong (EX-HN1)ï¼½. CONCLUSION: Through data mining technology, this paper summarized the acupoint selection and compatibility law of acupuncture in the treatment of postpartum depression, focusing on regulating Qi, blood and spirit, so as to provide reference for guiding the clinical acupuncture treatment and scientific research of postpartum depression.

[The rules of acupoint selection of acupuncture and moxibustion for scrofula in ancient times].

Based on data mining technology, the rules of acupoint selection of acupuncture-moxibustion for scrofula in ancient times were analyzed. The relevant articles of acupuncture and moxibustion for scrofula were searched in the Chinese Medical Code, and the original article, acupoint name, acupoint characteristic, and acupoint meridian tropism, etc. were screened and extracted. The Microsoft Excel 2019 was used to establish a acupoint prescription database, and the frequency of acupoints as well as their meridian tropism and characteristics were analyzed. The SPSS21.0 was applied to perform cluster analysis of acupuncture prescriptions; the SPSS Modeler 18.0 was used to perform the association rules analysis of the neck and the chest-armpit acupoints, respectively. As a result, 314 acupuncture prescriptions were extracted, including 236 single-acupoint prescriptions and 78 multiple-acupoints prescriptions (53 for neck and 25 for chest-armpit). A total of 54 acupoints were involved, with a total frequency of 530. The top 3 commonly-used acupoints were Tianjing (TE 10), Zulinqi (GB 41) and Taichong (LR 3); the most commonly-used meridians were hand shaoyang meridian, foot shaoyang meridian, hand yangming meridian and foot yangming meridian; the most commonly-used special acupoints were he-sea points and shu-stream points. The cluster analysis obtained 6 clusters, and the association rule analysis obtained that the core prescriptions of the neck were Quchi (LI 11), Jianyu (LI 15), Tianjing (TE 10) and Jianjing (GB 21), while the core prescriptions of the chest-armpit were Daling (PC 7), Yanglingquan (GB 34), Danzhong (CV 17), Jianjing (GB 21), Waiguan (TE 5), Zhigou (TE 6), Yuanye (GB 22) and Zhangmen (LR 13). The core prescriptions obtained from association rule analysis by difference areas were basically consistent with those by cluster analysis of total prescriptions.

[Clinical observation on syndrome-differentiation acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training for autism spectrum disorder].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy and safety between syndrome-differentiation acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training and simple rehabilitation training for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: A total of 60 children with ASD were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each group. In the control group, routine rehabilitation training was applied; in the observation group, syndrome-differentiation acupuncture (the main points were Baihui [GV 20], Dingshenzhen, Niesanzhen, etc., the supplementary acupoints were selected according to syndrome-differentiation) combined with rehabilitation training were applied, all the treatments were given once a day, 5-day continuous treatment with 2-day interval, 12 weeks were required. Before treatment and after 6, 12 weeks of treatment, the autism treatment evaluation checklist (ATEC), childhood autism rating scale (CARS) and autism behavior checklist (ABC) scores were observed, the therapeutic effect and safety were evaluated in the two groups. RESULTS: After 6 and 12 weeks of treatment, except for the sensory perception score after 6 weeks of treatment in the control group, the item scores and total scores of ATEC, CARS scores and ABC scores were decreased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05). After 6 weeks of treatment, the social score and total score of ATEC, CARS score in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05); after 12 weeks of treatment, the item scores and total score of ATEC, CARS score and ABC score in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was 80.0% (24/30), which was higher than 56.7% (17/30) in the control group (P<0.05). There was no serious adverse reactions in the two groups, and there was no significant difference in the incidence rate of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Syndrome-differentiation acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training could improve the core symptoms in children with ASD, especially sensory perception and social ability, and with good safety, which is superior to simple rehabilitation training.

Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation with midnight-noon ebb-flow acupoint selection on postoperative delirium in patients undergoing radical resection of colorectal cancer / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation with midnight-noon ebb-flow acupoint selection on postoperative delirium (POD) in the patients undergoing radical resection of colorectal cancer.Methods:A total of 93 patients of either sex, aged ≥18 yr, with body mass index <30 kg/m 2, of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅱor Ⅲ, scheduled for elective radical resection of colorectal cancer under general anesthesia, were divided into 3 groups ( n=31 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), common TEAS group (group CT), and midnight-noon ebb-flow acupoint selection TEAS group (group MT). The patients received TEAS at bilateral Hegu, Quchi and Shousanli acupoints at 6: 00 in group MT and at 18: 00 in group CT on the day of operation and 1-3 days after surgery, with a frequency of 2/100 Hz, disperse-dense waves, intensity the maximum current that could be tolerated, and each TEAS lasted for 30 min. In group C, only the electrodes were pasted at the same acupoints without electric current at 6: 00 am. The POD was evaluated by the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) at 1, 3 and 5 days after operation (T 1-3). Blood samples were collected for determination of serum interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentrations at 1 day before operation and at T 1. The time to first flatus and defection and adverse reactions after operation were recorded. Results:Compared with group C, the CAM scores at each time point and incidence of POD were significantly decreased, the concentrations of IL-1β, TNF-a and IL-6 in serum were decreased at T 1, the time to the first flatus and defecation was shortened, and the incidence of abdominal distension after surgery was decreased in MT and CT groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group CT, the CAM scores at T 3 and incidence of POD were significantly decreased, the concentrations of TNF-a and IL-6 at T 1 were decreased, and the time to first defecation after operation was shortened in group MT ( P<0.05). Conclusions:TEAS guided by midnight-noon ebb-flow acupoint selection provides better efficacy than common TEAS in decreasing the risk of POD in the patients undergoing radical resection of colorectal cancer, which is helpful for the early postoperative recovery of patients.

Study on acupoint selection law of acupuncture for autism spectrum disorder based on data mining / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To analyze the acupoint selection law of acupuncture for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using data mining techniques.Methods:Literature related to acupuncture for ASD was retrieved from the CNKI, SinoMed, VIP, Wanfang, and PubMed databases from the establishment of the databases to April 1, 2022, and then a database of acupuncture prescriptions was established. The frequency analysis of acupoint use was performed using Microsoft Excel 2019; the Apriori algorithm was used to analyze the association law of acupoints/acupoint areas; SPSS 26.0 was used to perform intergroup cluster analysis.Results:A total of 97 relevant articles with 97 acupuncture prescriptions and 98 acupoints/acupoint areas were included. The most frequently used acupoint was Shenmen (HT 7). The acupoint area of Jin's three-needle therapy and the Governor Vessel acupoints are commonly used. The most frequently occurring part of the acupoint/acupoint area was the head, and the most commonly used specific acupoint was the rendezvous acupoint. Association rule analysis yielded 40 groups of acupoints/acupoint areas, and the most commonly used combination was Laogong (PC 8) and Shenmen (HT 7). Four categories were extracted among high-frequency acupoints/acupoint areas by cluster analysis.Conclusion:Acupuncture treatment for ASD mainly selects the head acupoints, mainly selecting the acupoint area of Jin's three-needle therapy and the Governor Vessel acupoints, and paying attention to the use of specific acupoints.

Acupoint selection rule of acupuncture therapy for relieving postoperative pain based on data mining / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To analyze the rule of acupoint selection for acupuncture in relieving postoperative pain based on data mining technology.Methods:Articles about acupuncture for postoperative pain were retrieved from CNKI, SinoMed, VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases from establishment to June 6, 2022. Excel 2019 and SPSS Modeler 18.0 software were used to establish acupoints database and conduct the data analysis.Results:Totally 308 articles were obtained, involving 317 acupuncture prescriptions and 173 acupoints. Acupoints of bladder meridian, stomach meridian, large intestine meridian and spleen meridian were used frequently. Zusanli (ST 36), Hegu (LI 4) and Neiguan (PC 6) were high-frequency acupoints with a frequency of ≥50 times. Five-shu acupoint was often selected in specific acupoints. The common sites for acupuncture to relieve postoperative pain were abdomen, perianal, lumbar back and knee. Zusanli (ST 36), Neiguan (PC 6) and other acupoints were commonly used for abdominal postoperative pain, and the most commonly used combination was "Zusanli (ST 36)-Neiguan (PC 6)"; Chengshan (BL 57), Changqiang (GV 1) and other acupoints were often used for perianal postoperative pain, and "Chengshan (BL 57)-Changqiang (GV 1)" was highly correlated combination; Shenshu (BL 23) and Huantiao (GB 30) were commonly used for postoperative pain in the lumbar and back region, and acupoints with high correlation were "Ashi acupoint-Huantiao (GB 30)" and "Shenshu (BL 23)-Huantiao (GB 30)"; Xuehai (SP10) and Liangqiu (ST 34) were commonly used for postoperative pain of knee, and their compatibility had a high correlation.Conclusion:Acupuncture therapy for relieving postoperative pain often selects Yang meridians acupoints, and follows the principle of distal-proximal points combination and acupoint selection along meridians, and pays attention to the use of specific acupoints.

Acupoint selection rules of staging, syndrome types, and symptoms of acupuncture for peripheral facial paralysis based on data mining / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVES@#To analyze and explore the acupoint selection rules of different staging, syndrome types, and symptoms of acupuncture for peripheral facial paralysis based on data mining.@*METHODS@#Literature regarding acupuncture for peripheral facial paralysis was retrieved in CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed, and PubMed from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2021. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Assistant Platform (V 3.0), SPSS Modeler 18.0, and Cytoscape software were used to analyze the selection of acupoints based on staging, meridian distribution of acupoints, the selection of acupoints based on syndrome types, syndrome types based on staging, and symptom-based acupoint selection. Association rule analysis was performed for each stage and major syndrome types, and co-occurrence network diagrams were generated.@*RESULTS@#A total of 1 695 articles were included, involving 124 acupoints with a total frequency of 5 456 times. Among 1 080 articles related to staging-based acupoint selection, the acute stage had the highest acupoint use frequency (2 224 times) and number (88 acupoints). Among all stages, the acupoints of the stomach meridian of foot-yangming were most frequently used, with Dicang (ST 4)-Yangbai (GB 14) and Dicang (ST 4)-Jiache (ST 6) being the high-frequency acupoint pairs in each stage. The top four syndrome types in terms of acupoint usage frequency were wind-cold syndrome, wind-heat syndrome, qi-blood deficiency syndrome, and liver-gallbladder damp-heat syndrome. Among 521 articles combining staging with symptoms or syndrome types with symptoms for acupoint selection, the symptom "nasolabial groove becoming shallow or disappearing" had the highest frequency of occurrence. The symptoms with the highest acupoint usage frequency and number were "forehead wrinkles becoming shallow or disappearing" and "pain behind the ear" respectively.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Acupoint selection for peripheral facial paralysis primarily focuses on the yang meridians in each stage, supplemented by local acupoints and based on the pathological characteristics. Syndrome differentiation and treatment should be prioritized, combined with local acupoint selection. Clinical acupoint selection can be based on a combination of staging, syndrome types, and symptoms.

Investigation on "Fengshi (GB 31) for treating wind disorders" / 中国针灸

From the perspective of academic history, the paper reviews systematically the background and evolution of the understanding of "Fengshi (GB 31) for treating wind disorders". In the ancient literature, there are no direct relevant statement for the indication of Fengshi (GB 31) associated with "wind", and the consensus on "Fengshi for treating wind disorders" has not been made yet. Under the influence of acupoint theory in recent era and the syndrome differentiation for acupuncture treatment in modern time, this statement becomes a conventional understanding and acceptable gradually. Meanwhile, the understanding for Fengshi (GB 31) treating wind disorders tends to be generalized. Practically, Fengshi (GB 31) is applicable for the various disorders in the local and adjacent areas. It is necessary for modern acupuncture researchers to systematically collate, investigate and identify the knowledge content with a sense of familiarity so that the contemporary inheritance, development and application of traditional theoretical knowledge of acupuncture can be enhanced.