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1.
Rev Mal Respir ; 2024 Oct 04.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39368873

ABSTRACT

Identification of therapeutic targets other than asthma can guide the choice of biologics in cases of severe asthma. Some of the allergic diseases (atopic dermatitis, food allergies, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis) that may be associated with asthma can be treated with biologics. In this review, we aim to assess the effectiveness of these biologic therapies on the allergic comorbidities of asthma. In the treatment of atopic dermatitis, only Dupilumab, an anti-IL4Rα, has proven its effectiveness and has received reimbursement authorization for this indication. In patients presenting with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, Omalizumab has shown effectiveness, but has not been approved for this indication. Data from post-hoc analyses of studies on severe asthma likewise suggest the effectiveness of Dupilumab regarding allergic rhinitis. While these two biologic therapies have shown positive signals, inducing oral food tolerance, the relevant data are not robust. Biologic therapies targeting IL-5 or its receptor (Mepolizumab, Benralizumab) have seldom been evaluated in allergic comorbidities, excepting atopic dermatitis, for which their effectiveness has not been proven. Lastly, there are interesting data on the combination of biologic therapy and allergen immunotherapy in cases of allergic rhinitis and food allergies, but they need to be confirmed by randomized studies.

2.
Soins Pediatr Pueric ; 45(337): 29-34, 2024.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38553110

ABSTRACT

Pediatricians and allergists have noted a recent increase in cases of food allergy and anaphylaxis to peanuts and nuts, affecting very young children with worrying consequences in terms of quality of life. Children suffering from persistent cow's milk protein allergies that do not heal spontaneously are at very high risk of a fatal accident. Based on the findings of these studies, recommendations for primary prevention are made.


Subject(s)
Food Hypersensitivity , Milk Hypersensitivity , Child , Animals , Cattle , Female , Humans , Child, Preschool , Quality of Life , Food Hypersensitivity/prevention & control , Milk Hypersensitivity/prevention & control , Primary Prevention
3.
Soins Pediatr Pueric ; 45(337): 35-42, 2024.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38553111

ABSTRACT

The Angele project (for Allergies complexes: prise en charge globale, diététique et environnementale) is an article 51 experiment in shared care pathways in allergology. These care paths, dedicated to patients with allergies to house dust mites and/or food, involve collaboration between doctors and paramedics. The aim of this initiative is to optimize patient care by structuring their care pathways. This article presents these pathways and the preliminary results of the experiment.


Subject(s)
Hypersensitivity , Animals , Humans , Hypersensitivity/therapy , Allergens , Pyroglyphidae , Patient Care Planning
4.
West Afr J Med ; 40(12 Suppl 1): S28, 2023 Dec 04.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38064658

ABSTRACT

Introduction: La sensibilisation aux trophallergènes, bien que mal connue, est décrite comme responsable d'une sensibilité relativement fréquente. L'objectif de cette étude était de décrire le profil de la sensibilisation aux trophallergènes chez les enfants. Méthodes: Il s'est agi d'une étude prospective, descriptive et analytique qui s'est déroulée de 1er juillet 2015 à 30 juin 2022 dans le service de pneumo-allergologie du CHU-Campus de Lomé et ayant porté sur les patients qui après acceptation et réalisation des tests cutanés étaient sensibilisés aux trophallergènes. Résultats: Nous avons recensé au total 468 patients âgés de 7 mois à 18 ans ; la fréquence de réalisation des tests était de 25,9% et celle de la sensibilisation aux trophallergènes de 66,9%. L'âge moyen des patients était de 8,12 ± 0,77 ans. Le sexe ratio était de 1,3. La rhinite allergique était le motif de consultation dans 39,9 % des cas. L'arachide était l'aliment incriminé dans 31,5 % des cas comme trophallergène dans les antécédents personnels. Les patients étaient sensibilisés aux oléagineuses 70,4% (arachide, sésame) ; aux légumineuses 24,6% (soja, haricot) ; aux légumes 4,7% (gombo, corète potagère) ; aux fruits 33,6% (banane, avocat) ; aux céréales 11,8% (blé, maïs) ; aux tubercules 1,9% (manioc, igname) ; à l'œuf 54,9% ; à la crevette 53,6% ; au lait de vache 51,1% ; au crabe 16,5%. Conclusion: La sensibilisation aux trophallergènes était élevée et concernait aussi bien les protéines animales que végétales.

5.
Can J Diet Pract Res ; 84(3): 134-140, 2023 09 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37379474

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To assess knowledge of Canadian dietitians on the topics of food allergy and food allergy prevention guidelines, including introduction of allergenic solids to infants at risk of food allergy.Methods: An online survey was distributed via email listservs targeting Canadian dietitians.Results: In total, 144 of 261 dietitians completed the survey (60.5%). Respondents recommend introduction of peanut (89.5%) and allergenic solids (91.2%) within the recommended age of 4-6 months for infants at high risk of food allergy, but only 26.2% recommend offering peanut three times per week once it has been introduced. In identifying what constitutes an infant at high risk of developing peanut allergy, dietitians expressed lower comfort levels and lower number of correct responses.Conclusions: Dietitians demonstrated they are up to date regarding the timing of introduction of allergenic solids, but not the frequency of consumption once introduced, for infants at high risk of food allergy. They also expressed low comfort level identifying risk factors for peanut allergy. There are opportunities for further education of dietitians, as well as potential to further utilize dietitian services for the benefit of patients with food allergy or who are at risk for food allergy.


Subject(s)
Food Hypersensitivity , Nutritionists , Peanut Hypersensitivity , Infant , Humans , Peanut Hypersensitivity/prevention & control , Allergens , Canada , Food Hypersensitivity/prevention & control
6.
Praxis (Bern 1994) ; 111(8): 469-474, 2022.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35673843

ABSTRACT

Food Allergy in Childhood Abstract. Food allergies in childhood are on the rise and are therefore a topical issue in practice. In this article, we describe the most common allergens and risk factors for the development of a food allergy. The classification of IgE- and non-IgE-mediated food allergies and their respective clinical manifestations are highlighted. The importance of a careful diagnosis with targeted history taking and allergy testing and finally the performance of oral provocation for the diagnosis will be presented in a practical manner. We will discuss the care of families of children with food allergies, whereby support through nutritional counselling as well as equipping families with an emergency kit, including appropriate instructions for use, are important. Finally, the latest therapeutic approaches of specific immunotherapy, which aims to induce tolerance, are presented and the prognosis of food allergies is discussed.


Subject(s)
Food Hypersensitivity , Allergens , Child , Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Food Hypersensitivity/therapy , Humans , Immunotherapy
7.
Paediatr Child Health ; 26(8): 506-507, 2021 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34987679

ABSTRACT

Un nourrisson est à haut risque d'allergie alimentaire si lui ou un membre de sa famille immédiate présente une affection atopique (comme l'eczéma). Il faut promouvoir et soutenir l'allaitement, quels que soient les enjeux reliés à la prévention des allergies alimentaires, mais chez les nourrissons dont la mère ne peut pas allaiter ou choisit de ne pas le faire, il n'est pas recommandé d'utiliser une préparation en particulier (p. ex., les préparations hydrolysées) pour prévenir les allergies alimentaires. Lorsque les préparations à base de lait de vache sont introduites dans l'alimentation d'un nourrisson, il faut s'assurer de maintenir une ingestion régulière (pas nécessairement plus de 10 mL par jour) pour éviter la perte de tolérance. Chez les nourrissons à haut risque, des données concluantes indiquent que l'introduction précoce d'aliments allergènes (vers l'âge de six mois, mais pas avant l'âge de quatre mois) peut prévenir les allergies alimentaires courantes, notamment les allergies aux arachides et aux œufs. Lorsqu'un aliment allergène a été introduit, il est important d'en maintenir une ingestion régulière (p. ex., quelques fois par semaine) pour maintenir la tolérance. Il est possible d'introduire les aliments allergènes courants sans faire de pause de quelques jours entre chaque nouvel aliment. Par ailleurs, le risque d'une grave réaction lors de la première exposition est très faible chez le nourrisson. Il n'est pas recommandé de procéder au dépistage préventif en cabinet avant d'introduire des aliments allergènes. Aucune recommandation ne peut être formulée pour l'instant sur le rôle des modifications à l'alimentation de la mère pendant la grossesse ou l'allaitement, ou sur les suppléments de vitamine D, d'oméga 3, de prébiotiques ou de probiotiques pour prévenir les allergies alimentaires.

9.
Rev Pneumol Clin ; 73(6): 290-293, 2017 Dec.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29122396

ABSTRACT

Cannabis use has increased over the last decade. At the same time, we see cannabis allergies appearing, ranging from simple rhinoconjunctivitis to anaphylactic-type reactions, some of which are severe since fatal cases have been described, but we also see allergic-induced food allergies cross-linked in the family of lipid transfer proteins (LTP). Indeed, cannabis contains an LTP called Can s 3. The LT are very widespread in the vegetable kingdom and are present in many vegetables and fruits. LTPs have a similar chemical structure and therefore cross-allergy is common. Thus, by becoming aware of the LTP of cannabis, it is possible to become allergic by a mechanism of cross-allergy to the other LTPs present in fruits and vegetables. This syndrome is referred to as cannabis-fruit-vegetable syndrome.


Subject(s)
Cannabis/immunology , Food Hypersensitivity/immunology , Allergens/immunology , Carrier Proteins/immunology , Cross Reactions/immunology , Humans
10.
Ann Pharm Fr ; 75(3): 236-244, 2017 May.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28187880

ABSTRACT

Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a public health issue in children whose quality of life is strongly affected. The objective of this article is to review the present state of knowledge on the CMPA, and highlight some emerging alternatives in its management and in its prevention. Good knowledge in the appropriate infant formula, exclusion diets, the handling of the emergency treatment thanks to the use of epinephrine auto-injector pens, the use of personalized care project and accessibility to allergic patients' association are factors that secure the management. Breastfeeding and appropriate dietary diversification are for their part major preventive measures. The use of probiotics and desensitization immunotherapy are interesting emerging tracks. The role of community pharmacists in all these steps is discussed. It is indeed a nearby health professional involved both in improving prevention and in the optimization of the management. Its educational posture is crucial in assisting patients to help them better understand the CMPA and its treatment; as part of its new tasks, he can be integrated into therapeutic education programs to help allergic children and their families in a multidisciplinary context to better manage their daily life.


Subject(s)
Milk Hypersensitivity/prevention & control , Milk Hypersensitivity/therapy , Pharmacies , Pharmacists , Animals , Cattle , Child , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Milk Proteins/adverse effects
12.
Rev Prat ; 66(8): 843-847, 2016 Oct.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30512535

ABSTRACT

Food allergy in children, when evoke ? What tests ? Food allergy is an adverse reaction to food proteins by immunological mechanisms (IgE mediated or non-IgE mediated). Signs can affect many organs, but skin and digestive symptoms remain the predominant manifestations in children. Some allergens are responsible for most food allergies in children. Diagnosis is based on standardized investigations including above all the history which is confirmed by skin testing, specific IgE and food challenge.


Allergie alimentaire de l'enfant, quand l'évoquer ? Quels tests? L'allergie alimentaire correspond à une réaction anormale aux protéines alimentaires liée à un mécanisme immunologique (médié ou non par les immunoglobulines de type E). Les signes peuvent toucher de nombreux organes, mais les manifestations cutanées et digestives prédominent chez l'enfant. Quelques allergènes sont responsables de la plupart des allergies alimentaires de l'enfant. Le diagnostic repose sur des investigations standardisées comprenant avant tout l'anamnèse, qui est confortée par des tests cutanés, un dosage des IgE spécifiques et parfois un test de provocation par voie orale.


Subject(s)
Food Hypersensitivity , Allergens , Child , Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Food Hypersensitivity/therapy , Humans , Skin , Skin Tests
13.
Rev Prat ; 66(8): 851-854, 2016 Oct.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30512537

ABSTRACT

Managing the risks of accident in child with food allergy. Prevention of accidents in children with food allergy requires above all an elimination diet of the allergen(s). The family can be able to identify allergens by reading labels or be informed of composition by restaurants. Patient education should also include an explanation of the personalized action plan for management of an allergic reaction and procedures for administration of drugs. The Individualized Care Project is the reference document in school.


Prévention des risques d'accident chez l'enfant ayant une allergie alimentaire La prévention des accidents chez l'enfant ayant une allergie alimentaire passe avant tout par un régime d'éviction du ou des aliments incriminés. La famille doit savoir identifier les allergènes par la lecture des étiquettes ou en se faisant fournir la composition des plats en restauration ou dans les ventes à emporter. L'éducation thérapeutique doit aussi comporter l'explication du plan d'action personnalisé de gestion d'une réaction allergique ainsi que les modalités d'administration des médicaments. En milieu scolaire, le projet d'accueil individualisé permet de prévenir au mieux les accidents par la transmission d'informations à propos des modalités possibles de restauration, ainsi que des traitements à administrer si nécessaire.


Subject(s)
Food Hypersensitivity , Accidents , Allergens , Child , Food Hypersensitivity/complications , Food Hypersensitivity/therapy , Humans
14.
Rev Prat ; 66(8): 855-857, 2016 Oct.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30512538

ABSTRACT

How reintroduce food in an allergic child. Many food allergies heal when the child grows. The management is very different, if the allergy recognizes a non-IgE-mediated mechanism or IgE-mediated. In case of food allergy with non-IgE mediated mechanism reintroduction can sometimes be gradual at home. If IgE mediated allergy, monitoring the size of the prick tests screw the evolution of specific IgE indicates the appropriate time for the practice of a food challenge. If the allergy persists over time, oral immunotherapy is an important change in the food allergy treatment paradigm. However, to date, the recommendations advise against the practice outside of research protocols. Two exceptions are discussed: some allergies not IgE mediated and egg or cow's milk cooked immunotherapy.


Comment réintroduire les aliments chez un enfant allergique. Bon nombre d'allergies alimentaires guérissent quand l'enfant grandit. La prise en charge est très différente, si l'allergie reconnaît un mécanisme médié ou non médié par les immunoglobulines de type E (IgE). En cas d'allergie alimentaire non médiée par les IgE, la réintroduction peut parfois se faire progressivement au domicile. En cas d'allergie médiée par les IgE, le suivi de la taille des réponses aux prick-tests vis-à-vis de l'aliment et l'évolution du taux des IgE spécifiques indiquent le moment opportun pour la pratique d'un test de provocation par voie orale. Si l'allergie perdure avec le temps, l'immunothérapie orale aux aliments est un important changement dans le paradigme du traitement de l'allergie alimentaire. Néanmoins, à ce jour, les recommandations déconseillent de la pratiquer en dehors de protocoles de recherche. Deux exceptions sont discutées : certaines allergies non médiées par les IgE et l'immunothérapie à l'oeuf ou au lait de vache cuits.


Subject(s)
Egg Hypersensitivity , Food Hypersensitivity , Milk Hypersensitivity , Allergens , Animals , Cattle , Child , Diet , Female , Humans , Immunoglobulin E , Infant , Skin Tests
15.
Rev Prat ; 66(8): 848-850, 2016 Oct.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30512536

ABSTRACT

Emergency management of food reaction in a child. Emergency management of food anaphylaxis depends on severity of the signs. In case of minor signs, antihistamines may be sufficient to contain the allergic reaction. If signs become stronger, in case of anaphylaxis, intramuscular injection of adrenaline should be given. The definition of anaphylaxis cannot be limited to shock. In practice, the rapid onset of clinical manifestations reaching two systems, after consumption of a suspect food is strongly suggestive of the diagnosis.


Conduite à tenir en urgence face à une réaction alimentaire chez un enfant La conduite à tenir en urgence face à une réaction alimentaire chez l'enfant dépend du degré de sévérité des signes. En cas de manifestations mineures, les antihistaminiques peuvent suffire à contenir la réaction. En cas d'aggravation des signes ou d'anaphylaxie d'emblée, l'adrénaline par voie intramusculaire est le traitement recommandé. La définition de l'anaphylaxie ne peut se limiter au choc anaphylactique. En pratique, la survenue rapide de manifestations cliniques atteignant deux systèmes, au décours de la consommation d'un aliment suspect, est fortement évocatrice d'anaphylaxie alimentaire.


Subject(s)
Anaphylaxis , Epinephrine , Food Hypersensitivity , Child , Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Food Hypersensitivity/therapy , Histamine Antagonists , Humans , Injections, Intramuscular
16.
Arch Pediatr ; 20(8): 906-9, 2013 Aug.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23701869

ABSTRACT

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a very common chronic inflammatory skin disease in childhood, often the first step in the atopic march. It seems justified to look for a food or a respiratory allergy, being worsening or responsible for the AD. At infant age, some clinical features are consistent with a food allergy: a severe AD, with an early onset, uncontrolled by topical corticosteroids, and a history of immediate-type reactions. As sensitization to food allergens is very common (positive skin prick-test, atopy patch-test or specific IgE), the role of food allergens in worsening AD is difficult to affirm. So, it could be necessary to ask the advice of an allergist, to avoid unnecessary elimination diets. At older age, exposure to aeroallergens cans worsen AD. Looking for an aeroallergen allergy can help to choose the specific immunotherapy, which clinical efficacy on AD seems interesting.


Subject(s)
Dermatitis, Atopic/diagnosis , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/diagnosis , Allergens/classification , Child , Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Humans , Respiratory Hypersensitivity/diagnosis
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