Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 21
Filter
Add more filters











Publication year range
1.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(6): 1727-1733, dic. 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528782

ABSTRACT

El bazo es el órgano linfático intraperitoneal más grande del organismo, presentando dos funciones principales: defensiva, mediante respuesta inmunitaria y filtración sanguínea. El objetivo de la presente revisión, fue obtener información actualizada sobre la anatomía del bazo de la rata albina (Rattus norvegicus albinus) y comparativa con la anatomía del bazo humano, perro, gato y cerdo, al representar las principales especies de importancia en la medicina, medicina veterinaria y en las ciencias biomédicas. Se realizó una búsqueda de material bibliográfico actualizado en diferentes sitios web científicos. Es así como, se revisaron 71 fuentes bibliográficas, en su gran mayoría artículos científicos (31), libros de anatomía humana y veterinaria (17), artículos especializados (17) y tesis (6). En general existe consenso, sobre la descripción anatómica del bazo, el cual se sitúa en la región hipocondriaca izquierda del abdomen, entre el fondo del estómago y el diafragma, irrigado por la arteria y vena esplénica. Se evidenció que existen similitudes en aspectos macroscópicos, al comparar el bazo de la rata blanca, con el bazo de otras especies (funcionalidad, peso relativo, ubicación topográfica). En aspectos microscópicos, el bazo en humanos y otros mamíferos se compone de estroma, además de parénquima, constituido a su vez por pulpa blanca y roja. En particular, existen diferencias entre el bazo de rata, humano, gato, perro y cerdo, en formas, tamaños y aspectos microscópicos, relacionados con la microcirculación e inmunidad. Mientras que existen semejanzas en procesos patológicos y respuestas a tratamientos farmacológicos y clínicos. Por lo anteriormente expuesto, se concluye que la rata albina constituye un buen modelo biológico, específicamente en aspectos anatómicos microscópicos del bazo de tipo inmunológico. Mientras que el bazo de cerdo es mejor comparativamente, en estudios anatómicos macroscópicos de tipo quirúrgicos, resultando ambos extrapolables, especialmente a la medicina humana.


SUMMARY: The spleen is the largest intraperitoneal lymphatic organ of the body, presenting two main functions: defensive, through immune response and blood filtration. The objective of the present review was to obtain updated information on the anatomy of the spleen of the albino rat (Rattus norvegicus albinus) and to compare it with the anatomy of the human, dog, cat and pig spleen, representing the main species of importance in medicine, veterinary medicine and biomedical sciences. A search for updated bibliographic material was carried out in different scientific websites. Thus, 71 bibliographic sources were reviewed, mostly scientific articles (31), human and veterinary anatomy books (17), specialized articles (17) and theses (6). In general, there is consensus on the anatomical description of the spleen, which is located in the left hypochondriac region of the abdomen between the fundus of the stomach and the diaphragm, irrigated by the splenic artery and vein. It was evidenced that there are similarities in macroscopic aspects when comparing the spleen of the white rat with the spleen of other species (functionality, relative weight, topographic location). In microscopic aspects, the spleen in humans and other mammals is composed of stroma, in addition to parenchyma, constituted in turn by white and red pulp. In particular, there are differences between rat, human, cat, dog and pig spleens in shapes, sizes and microscopic aspects related to microcirculation and immunity. While there are similarities in pathological processes and responses to pharmacological and clinical treatments. For the above mentioned, it is concluded that the albino rat constitutes a good biological model, specifically in microscopic anatomical aspects of the spleen of immunological type. While the pig spleen is comparatively better in macroscopic anatomical studies of surgical type, both are extrapolable especially to human medicine.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Rats , Spleen/anatomy & histology , Anatomy, Comparative , Immune System/anatomy & histology , Anatomy, Veterinary
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(4): 1228-1239, ago. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514340

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: In veterinary medicine, impressive technological advances in biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology have led to a reduction in the amount of time spent teaching anatomy and a shift toward anatomical research. As classically trained veterinary anatomists began to retire at the beginning of the 2000s, it became evident that there would be a shortage of qualified anatomists. This coincides with the increase in the hiring of recent graduates with general education experience and no specialization in the area. The aim of the study is to characterize the Chilean veterinary anatomy educator with an emphasis on their training and the academic environment they work in. Data were collected through a survey targeting a diverse population of university educators who teach content related to veterinary anatomy in Chile. The results showed that the Chilean veterinary anatomist has reached the master's level, with a wide range of continuous training experiences, from which it is perceived that he has acquired his anatomical and teaching skills. Furthermore, despite his self-perception as an educator/researcher, the evidence showed that research in veterinary anatomy is still in its infancy. However, strengths were identified related to the varied use of teaching resources, participation in the community and the dissemination of anatomical knowledge.


En medicina veterinaria, los impresionantes avances tecnológicos en bioquímica, genética y biología molecular han llevado a una reducción en la cantidad de tiempo dedicado a la enseñanza de la anatomía y un cambio hacia la investigación anatómica. Cuando los anatomistas veterinarios de formación clásica comenzaron a jubilarse a principios de la década de 2000, se hizo evidente que habría escasez de anatomistas cualificados. Esto coincide con el incremento en la contratación de recién egresados con experiencia en educación general y sin especialización en el área (licenciados, tesistas, etc.). El objetivo del estudio es caracterizar al educador de anatomía veterinaria chileno con énfasis en su formación y el ambiente académico en el que se desempeña. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de una encuesta dirigida a una población diversa de docentes universitarios que imparten contenidos relacionados con la anatomía veterinaria en Chile. Los resultados muestran que el anatomista veterinario chileno ha alcanzado el nivel de maestría, con una amplia gama de experiencias de formación continua, a partir de las cuales se infiere que ha adquirido sus competencias anatómicas y docentes. A pesar de su autopercepción como educador/investigador, la evidencia demostró que la investigación en anatomía veterinaria aún se encuentra en ciernes. No obstante, se identificaron fortalezas en actividades relacionadas con el uso variado de recursos didácticos, la participación en la comunidad y la difusión del conociminto.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Faculty , Anatomy, Veterinary , Chile , Surveys and Questionnaires
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(4): 1198-1202, ago. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514366

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The integration of artificial intelligence in veterinary medical education has the potential to revolutionize the way students learn veterinary anatomy. ChatGPT, launched by OpenAI in November 2022, has been the fastest-growing artificial intelligence (AI) application as a learning tool in the past few months. ChatGPT is a virtual assistant that provides students with detailed and relevant anatomical knowledge based on internet sources. Apart from the advantages of ChatGPT in veterinary anatomy education, the challenges and limitations must also be considered, as highlighted in this letter. Further research and evaluation are necessary to ensure the optimal integration of the ChatGPT tool into veterinary anatomy education. ChatGPT can provide students with valuable insights and educational support but cannot replace hands-on experiences; dissection-based laboratory sessions remain essential for developing practical skills and spatial understanding in veterinary anatomy education.


La integración de la inteligencia artificial en la educación médica veterinaria tiene el potencial de revolucionar la forma en que los estudiantes aprenden anatomía veterinaria. ChatGPT, lanzado por OpenAI en noviembre de 2022, ha sido la aplicación de inteligencia artificial (IA) de más rápido crecimiento como herramienta de aprendizaje en los últimos meses. ChatGPT es un asistente virtual que brinda a los estudiantes conocimientos anatómicos detallados y relevantes basados en fuentes de Internet. Además de las ventajas de ChatGPT en la educación en anatomía veterinaria, también se deben considerar los desafíos y las limitaciones, como se destaca en esta carta. Se necesitan más investigaciones y evaluaciones para garantizar la integración óptima de la herramienta ChatGPT en la educación en anatomía veterinaria. ChatGPT puede proporcionar a los estudiantes información valiosa y apoyo educativo, pero no puede reemplazar las experiencias prácticas. Las sesiones de laboratorio basadas en disecciones siguen siendo esenciales para desarrollar habilidades prácticas y comprensión espacial en la educación de la anatomía veterinaria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Artificial Intelligence , Anatomy, Veterinary/education
4.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1451121

ABSTRACT

Evaluar las concentraciones en suero de antígeno prostático especifico (PSA) en perros normales y con trastornos prostáticos. Método: Descriptivo observacional. Resultados: La concentración en suero de antígeno prostático especifico PSA libre y total conformado por cuarenta perros en estudio, se puede evidenciar que los perros sanos tienen una concentración máxima de 0.98 ng/ml, un mínimo de 0.03 ng/ml, con una media general de 0.36 ng/ml de PSA total, en cambio la concentración PSA libre de los animales sanos analizados nos determina un rango de concentración que va de 0.1 ng/ml a 0.82 ng/ml en sangre con una media total de 0.39 ng/ml. Conclusión: No se obtuvo un incremento de la concentración en suero de antígeno prostático libre y total debido a la baja especificidad de la prueba en sangre de acuerdo con los resultados señalados.


To evaluate serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentrations in normal and prostate disordered dogs. Methods: Descriptive observational. Results: Serum concentrations of free and total PSA in forty dogs under study showed that healthy dogs had a maximum concentration of 0.98 ng/ml, a minimum of 0.03 ng/ml, with an overall mean of 0.98 ng/ml. 03 ng/ml, with an overall mean of 0.36 ng/ml of total PSA, while the free PSA concentration of the healthy animals analysed determined a concentration range from 0.1 ng/ml to 0.82 ng/ml in blood with a total mean of 0.39 ng/ml. Conclusion: No increase in serum concentration of free and total prostate antigen was obtained due to the low specificity of the blood test according to the results reported.

5.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(2): 401-406, 2022. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385601

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: El Ambystoma mexicanum o comúnmente llamado axolote, es un anfibio miembro del género Ambystoma que comprende 32 especies presentes desde el sur de Canadá hasta la región central de México. Actualmente esta especie se encuentra en peligro de extinción debido a cambios fisicoquímicos en su medio ambiente y la depredación por organismos introducidos en su hábitat. Dentro de las múltiples estrategias para su conservación se encuentran el desarrollo de programas de investigación, educación y desarrollo del manejo clínico. El objetivo del presente trabajo estuvo enfocado en obtener y analizar datos morfométricos acompañados por una descripción de la anatomía externa e interna de la especie Ambystoma mexicanum con el propósito de contribuir a su conservación. Por lo anterior, cinco ejemplares de la especie Ambystoma mexicanum de 2 años, criados en cautiverio, fueron estudiados para obtener valores morfométricos externos e internos utilizando un calibrador vernier, balanzas analíticas y rayos X. Los resultados de la observación externa mostraron el dimorfismo sexual característico de estas especies presentes en la zona peri cloacal, además, el análisis radiográfico permitió observar y señalar algunas estructuras óseas del esqueleto axial y apendicular. Los ejemplares presentaron un peso promedio de 31,6 g y una longitud de 15,7 cm. Los miembros anteriores mostraron una longitud de 2,92 cm y 2,8 cm en los miembros posteriores. El análisis de los órganos internos mostró que el corazón tiene un peso de 0,036 g y una longitud de 0,75 cm, los pulmones un peso de 0,019 g y una longitud de 2,6 cm, el estómago arrojó una longitud de 4,86 cm y el intestino 10,88 cm. En conclusión, los valores presentados en el presente trabajo sirven de referencia en futuros trabajos de investigación clínica veterinaria y manejo zootécnico del axolote para su conservación y preservación.


SUMMARY: The Ambystoma mexicanum commonly known as axolotl, is an amphibian and member of the genus Ambystoma which includes 32 species that can be found from southern Canada to central Mexico. Currently this species is in danger of extinction due to physicochemical changes in its environment and predation by organisms introduced into its habitat. Among the multiple strategies to aid in its conservation are the development of research programs, education and development of clinical management. The objective of this work is focused on obtaining and analyzing morphometric data accompanied by a description of the external and internal anatomy of the species Ambystoma mexicanum with the purpose of contributing to the conservation of this species. Therefore, five 2-year-old specimens of the Ambystoma mexicanum species, raised in captivity, were studied to obtain external and internal morphometric values using a vernier caliper, analytical balances and X-rays. The results of external observation showed the characteristic sexual dimorphism of these species present in the pericloacal zone. Furthermore, the radiographic analysis allowed to observe and point out some bony structures of the axial and appendicular skeleton. The specimens presented an average weight of 31.60 g and a length of 15.70 cm. The forelimbs showed a length of 2.92 cm and 2.8 cm in the hindlimbs. Analysis of the internal organs showed that the heart had a weight of 0.036 g and a length of 0.75 cm, the lungs a weight of 0.019 g and a length of 2.6 cm, the stomach had a length of 4.86 cm and the intestine 10.88 cm. In conclusion, the values presented in this work serve as a reference for future veterinary clinical research and zootechnical management of the axolotl for its conservation and preservation.


Subject(s)
Animals , Ambystoma mexicanum/anatomy & histology , Anatomy, Veterinary
6.
Int. j. morphol ; 39(5): 1480-1486, oct. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385506

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: This study investigated the use of fused deposition modeling (FDM), three-dimensional (3D) printed models, of the ovine stomach to learn surface and topographical anatomy. The objectives were: i) to faithfully reproduce the external morphology, the normal volume and the correct positioning of the four compartments of the stomach ii) to facilitate students the spatial visualization of the organ with emphasis on the complex relationship stomach-greater omentum. The model was built based on surface scanning. To obtain the images the ovine stomach was scanned using a 3D surface scanner. Assessment of the model was performed through surveys to first-year veterinary students after the practical sessions in which, they studied and compared both real and 3D-printed specimens. Regarding morphology no significant differences were reported, students were equally able to identify the different structures and compartments on the 3D-printed model. Understanding of both spatial position and relationship of the stomach with neighboring anatomical structures was easier achieved with the 3D-printed model. Other advantages of the 3D-printed model were handle-resistance and ease of handling, availability and reduction of animal specimens. We propose that 3D-printed ovine stomach by surface scanning is a valuable simple model to support learning of surface and topographical anatomy.


RESUMEN: Este estudio investigó el uso de modelos de modelos tridimensionales (3D), impresos mediante deposición fundida (FDM) del estómago ovino para aprender su anatomía superficial y topográfica. Los objetivos fueron: i) reproducir la morfología externa, el volumen normal y el correcto posicionamiento de los cuatro compartimentos del estómago ii) facilitar al alumno la visualización espacial del órgano con énfasis en la compleja relación estómago- omento mayor. El modelo se construyó basándose en un escaneo de superficie. Para obtener las imágenes, se escaneó el estómago ovino utilizando un escáner de superficie 3D. La evaluación del modelo se realizó mediante encuestas a estudiantes de primer año de veterinaria después de las sesiones prácticas en las que estudiaron y compararon especímenes tanto reales como impresos en 3D. En cuanto a la morfología, no se observaron diferencias significativas, los estudiantes fueron igualmente capaces de identificar las diferentes estructuras y compartimentos en el modelo impreso en 3D. La comprensión de la posición espacial y la relación del estómago con las estructuras anatómicas vecinas se logró más fácilmente con el modelo impreso en 3D. Otras ventajas del modelo impreso en 3D fueron la resistencia y facilidad de manejo, la disponibilidad y la reducción del uso de muestras de animales. Proponemos que el estómago ovino impreso en 3D mediante escaneo de superficie es un modelo simple y valioso para apoyar el aprendizaje de la anatomía superficial y topográfica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Stomach/anatomy & histology , Sheep/anatomy & histology , Printing, Three-Dimensional , Anatomy, Veterinary/education , Surveys and Questionnaires
7.
Int. j. morphol ; 39(4): 1231-1233, ago. 2021.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385442

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Consecutive waves of the COVID-19 pandemic made teaching and learning tasks harder for veterinary anatomy faculties and students worldwide compared to the prepandemic scenario. Online teaching has been triggered across several countries as a precautionary measure against COVID-19. Educational institutions are looking towards online learning platforms to continue educating the students, as many veterinary institutes have been shut down due to COVID-19. As with most teaching methods, online learning also has its own set of positives and negatives. This letter aims to highlight the pros and cons of online veterinary anatomy education in the COVID-19 pandemic period. In conclusion, prepandemic teaching has been effective and adaptable for veterinary anatomy students for a better learning process, whereas online teaching has major cons over a few pros.


RESUMEN: Las oleadas consecutivas de la pandemia COVID-19 han dificultado las tareas de enseñanza y aprendizaje para las facultades de anatomía veterinaria y para los estudiantes de todo el mundo en comparación con el escenario prepandémico. Se ha activado en varios países la enseñanza en línea como medida de precaución durante la crisis de la COVID-19. Las instituciones educacionales están buscando plataformas de aprendizaje en línea para continuar la enseñanza de los alumnos, debido a que muchos institutos veterinarios se han cerrado. Como ocurre con la mayoría de los métodos de enseñanza, el aprendizaje en línea también tiene su propio conjunto de aspectos positivos y negativos. Este estudio tiene como objetivo resaltar las ventajas y desventajas de la educación en anatomía veterinaria en línea en el período de la pandemia de la COVID-19. En conclusión, la enseñanza prepandemia ha sido eficaz y adaptable para los estudiantes de anatomía veterinaria para lograr un proceso mejor de aprendizaje, mientras que la enseñanza en línea tiene mayores desventajas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Distance , COVID-19 , Anatomy, Veterinary/education , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2
8.
Int. j. morphol ; 39(2): 623-624, abr. 2021. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385345

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: As the world is struggling to cope with SARS-CoV-2, the aetiological agent of COVID-19, which has led to a global pandemic defying the geographical borders and putting the lives of billions at risk (Priyanka et al., 2020), the most critical question that remains to be elucidated by the faculty of education is whether the virtual mode of teaching will continue or we will be back to the pre-COVID scenario of teaching and learning. Being an assistant professor teaching veterinary anatomy to the students enrolled in the first-year Bachelor of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry (B.V.Sc. & A.H.), I felt it essential to comment on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on anatomical education (Franchi, 2020) in India. The present situation of virtual education may impact the future of current veterinary students as practically they can't be sound just depending on theories.


RESUMEN: Mientras el mundo lucha por hacer frente al SARS-CoV-2, el agente etiológico del COVID-19, que ha provocado una pandemia mundial que desafía las fronteras geográficas y pone en riesgo la vida de miles de millones (Priyanka et al., 2020), la pregunta más crítica que deben dilucidar los docentes de la educación, es si la modalidad virtual de enseñanza continuará o volveremos al escenario pre-COVID de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Siendo profesor asistente de anatomía veterinaria, como docente de los estudiantes matriculados en el primer año de Licenciatura en Ciencias Veterinarias y Ganadería (BVSc. & AH), sentí que era esencial comentar sobre el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la educación anatómica en India (Franchi, 2020). La situación actual de la educación virtual puede afectar el futuro de los estudiantes de veterinaria actuales, ya que prácticamente no pueden contar con conocimientos sólidos dependiendo de las teorías.


Subject(s)
Animals , COVID-19 , Anatomy, Veterinary/education , SARS-CoV-2
9.
Int. j. morphol ; 39(2): 630-634, abr. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385349

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: En la actualidad, la técnica de plastinación es considerada una de las más novedosas formas de conservación cuerpos completos, secciones y órganos, tanto humanos como animales, para su uso en docencia de pre y postgrado, como así también investigación morfológica. En este sentido, para desarrollar las diversas técnicas de plastinación se requiere de equipamiento específico y formación especializada de académicos, que tengan la capacidad de llevar adelante la diversidad de protocolos que existen, según el material anatómico que se desee preservar. En el año 2015, desde el Laboratorio de Plastinación y Técnicas Anatómicas de la Universidad de La Frontera, se propuso por primera una nueva técnica de plastinación a temperatura ambiente, que permitió obtener preparaciones plastinadas de igual calidad que las técnicas clásicas de plastinación. En la actualidad, desde nuestro laboratorio, se propone un nuevo protocolo de plastinación con silicona que unifica las técnicas que se desarrollan en frío como así también a temperatura ambiente para la conservación de cuerpos humanos y animales completos, secciones anatómicas, regiones corporales, y órganos aislados.


SUMMARY: At present, plastination technique is considered one of the newest forms of conservation of whole bodies, sections and organs, both human and animal, for use in undergraduate and graduate teaching, as well as morphological research. In this sense, to develop the various plastination techniques requires specific equipment and specialized training of academics, who have the ability to carry out the diversity of protocols that exist, according to the anatomical material that is to be preserved. In 2015, from the Laboratory of Plastination and Anatomical Techniques of Universidad de La Frotera, a new plastination technique was proposed for the first time at room temperature, which allowed obtaining plastinated preparations of the same quality as the classic plastination techniques. At present, from our laboratory, a new protocol for plastination with silicone is proposed that unifies the techniques that are developed in cold as well as at room temperature for the conservation of complete human and animal bodies, such as as well as anatomical sections, body regions, and isolated organs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Silicones/chemistry , Temperature , Plastination/methods , Anatomy/education , Anatomy, Veterinary/education
10.
R. Educ. contin. Med. Vet. Zoot. ; 19(1): e38039, abr. 2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-30885

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho descreve uma metodologia ativa para auxiliar o ensino-aprendizado na formação de profissionais mais capacitados e contribuir como modelo de estudo para alunos da disciplina de Anatomia Veterinária. A gincana foi realizada com a participação de alunos (n = 48) do primeiro semestre da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Pará - Castanhal, no ano de 2018. A turma foi dividida nos grupos A e B, com 24 discentes em cada. O docente (mediador) informou as regras da atividade. Os representantes do grupo A foram alocados em cadeiras individuais de nº 1 a 24 em um lado da sala, o mesmo ocorreu para o grupo B, no lado oposto. A atividade foi iniciada pela dupla da cadeira nº 1 por grupo e finalizada pela dupla da cadeira nº 24. Cada dupla foi chamada pelo mediador da atividade a sentar nos dois bancos no centro da sala, e então foi realizado o ‘par ou ímpar com cada dupla para o vencedor escolher um balão pregado na parede da sala, estourar e direcionar o papel que estava no seu interior com as instruções da atividade a ser proposta pelo mediador. As atividades consistiam em 1) responder as perguntas, 2) realizar mímica e 3) participar da “caixa misteriosa”. As pontuações foram acerto (+) ou erro (-), conforme critérios preestabelecidos no papel no interior do balão. A utilização de MA despertou a curiosidade dos alunos, exigindo que eles adquirissem mais conhecimento para poder participar da atividade e apesar de haver restrições na análise de sua efetividade por se tratar apenas de aspectos extraídos da fala dos estudantes, a dinâmica educacional auxiliou no desenvolvimento de competências técnicas e humanísticas. A experiência realizada destaca a importância da difusão de técnicas ativas de ensino, especialmente, em instituições de ensino superior.(AU)


The aim of this study was the description of an active learning that can assist the teaching-learning process (TLP) in the formation of more qualified professionals, and to contribute as a study model for students of Veterinary Anatomy. A total of 48 first year students from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (Universidade Federal do Pará/Castanhal) participated in the game. The class was divided into groups A and B, with 24 students in each of them. The teacher (mediator) informed the rules of the activity. The representatives of group A were allocated individual chairs from number 1 to 24 on one side of the room, and the same occurred for group B on the opposite side. Each pair was called by the mediator to sit on two benches in the center of the room, and then a game of “odd or even” was played with each pair so that the winner could choose a balloon stuck on the wall of the room, pop it, and send the paper with the instructions of the activity to the mediator. The activities consisted of 1) answering the questions, 2) mimic, and 3) participate in the “mystery box”. The scores were hit (+) or error (-) according to pre-established criteria. The use of TLP aroused the students curiosity, demanding that they acquire more knowledge in order to participate in the activity. And although there are restrictions in the analysis of its effectiveness because it deals only with aspects extracted from the students speech, the educational dynamics helped in the development of technical and humanistic skills. Thus, the practice applied showed the importance of active learning techniques dissemination, mainly in higher education institutions.(AU)


Subject(s)
Anatomy/education , Anatomy/methods , Problem-Based Learning/methods , Education, Veterinary/methods
11.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1489070

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho descreve uma metodologia ativa para auxiliar o ensino-aprendizado na formação de profissionais mais capacitados e contribuir como modelo de estudo para alunos da disciplina de Anatomia Veterinária. A gincana foi realizada com a participação de alunos (n = 48) do primeiro semestre da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Pará - Castanhal, no ano de 2018. A turma foi dividida nos grupos A e B, com 24 discentes em cada. O docente (mediador) informou as regras da atividade. Os representantes do grupo A foram alocados em cadeiras individuais de nº 1 a 24 em um lado da sala, o mesmo ocorreu para o grupo B, no lado oposto. A atividade foi iniciada pela dupla da cadeira nº 1 por grupo e finalizada pela dupla da cadeira nº 24. Cada dupla foi chamada pelo mediador da atividade a sentar nos dois bancos no centro da sala, e então foi realizado o ‘par ou ímpar’ com cada dupla para o vencedor escolher um balão pregado na parede da sala, estourar e direcionar o papel que estava no seu interior com as instruções da atividade a ser proposta pelo mediador. As atividades consistiam em 1) responder as perguntas, 2) realizar mímica e 3) participar da “caixa misteriosa”. As pontuações foram acerto (+) ou erro (-), conforme critérios preestabelecidos no papel no interior do balão. A utilização de MA despertou a curiosidade dos alunos, exigindo que eles adquirissem mais conhecimento para poder participar da atividade e apesar de haver restrições na análise de sua efetividade por se tratar apenas de aspectos extraídos da fala dos estudantes, a dinâmica educacional auxiliou no desenvolvimento de competências técnicas e humanísticas. A experiência realizada destaca a importância da difusão de técnicas ativas de ensino, especialmente, em instituições de ensino superior.


The aim of this study was the description of an active learning that can assist the teaching-learning process (TLP) in the formation of more qualified professionals, and to contribute as a study model for students of Veterinary Anatomy. A total of 48 first year students from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (Universidade Federal do Pará/Castanhal) participated in the game. The class was divided into groups A and B, with 24 students in each of them. The teacher (mediator) informed the rules of the activity. The representatives of group A were allocated individual chairs from number 1 to 24 on one side of the room, and the same occurred for group B on the opposite side. Each pair was called by the mediator to sit on two benches in the center of the room, and then a game of “odd or even” was played with each pair so that the winner could choose a balloon stuck on the wall of the room, pop it, and send the paper with the instructions of the activity to the mediator. The activities consisted of 1) answering the questions, 2) mimic, and 3) participate in the “mystery box”. The scores were hit (+) or error (-) according to pre-established criteria. The use of TLP aroused the students’ curiosity, demanding that they acquire more knowledge in order to participate in the activity. And although there are restrictions in the analysis of its effectiveness because it deals only with aspects extracted from the students’ speech, the educational dynamics helped in the development of technical and humanistic skills. Thus, the practice applied showed the importance of active learning techniques dissemination, mainly in higher education institutions.


Subject(s)
Anatomy/education , Anatomy/methods , Problem-Based Learning/methods , Education, Veterinary/methods
12.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(5): 1653-1658, Sept.-Oct. 2020. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1131551

ABSTRACT

A impressão tridimensional (3D) vem contribuindo para o aprendizado da anatomia e para áreas aplicadas da medicina veterinária utilizando uma interface que pode valorizar o conhecimento da anatomia das espécies domésticas de maneira dinâmica. O presente trabalho objetivou utilizar imagens tridimensionais geradas por tomografias computadorizada (TC) para a obtenção de imagens digitalizadas e de modelos de ossos do crânio de cão por meio de uma impressora tridimensional. Foram gerados arquivos 3D de TC a partir de imagens que foram editadas pelo software Osirix Lite. Partes dos ossos e particularidades anatômicas do crânio foram impressas em escalas de 60% e 100%. Os resultados permitiram gerar imagens digitalizadas e impressões tridimensionais advindas das tomografias, e, assim, foi criado um acervo de imagens e modelos impressos para os estudos da anatomia do crânio da espécie canina. Além disso, a metodologia demonstrou claramente a importância para uso de planejamentos cirúrgicos nos casos de procedimentos que envolvam comprometimento de estruturas ósseas. Produziu-se um material interativo e impresso em 3D com maior durabilidade, o qual poderá ser disponibilizado para fins educacionais.(AU)


The three-dimensional printer (3D) has been contributing to the learning of anatomy and applied areas of veterinary medicine using an interface that can enhance the knowledge of the anatomy of domestic species in a dynamic way. The present study aimed to use three-dimensional images generated by computed tomography (TC) to obtain digitized images and bone models of the dog skull using a three-dimensional printer. The 3D files were generated from images that were edited in Osirix Lite software. Parts of the bones and anatomical features of the skull were printed on 60% and 100% scales. The results allowed to generate digitalized images and three -dimensional impressions from the tomographies, and in this way a collection of images and printed models was created for studies of the anatomy of the canine species. In addition, the methodology clearly demonstrated the importance of using surgical planning in cases involving procedures involving bone structure impairment. Interactive material and 3D printing with high durability that could be made available for educational purposes has been produced.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Skull/anatomy & histology , Teaching Materials , Printing, Three-Dimensional , Models, Anatomic , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/veterinary , Anatomy, Veterinary/methods
13.
Int. j. morphol ; 37(2): 486-490, June 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1002248

ABSTRACT

Three-dimensional (3D) scanning and printing can contribute to the area of Veterinary Anatomy, producing anatomical models that can be used in teaching. The objective of this project was to apply the 3D digitalization and printing to produce models of the canine stomach, and make these models available as an alternative tool of study in the practical classes of veterinary anatomy. The stomachs of dogs were digitized and printed in 3D models. Anatomical aspects were easily identifies in the models as compared with stomach original. The results of this project clearly demonstrated that the digitalization and 3D printing from the dog stomach come to strongly contribute to the teaching of veterinary anatomy, currently playing an important role by producing replicas which present desirable anatomical characteristics from organ.


El escaneo e impresión tridimensional (3D) puede contribuir al área de Anatomía Veterinaria, produciendo modelos anatómicos que pueden usarse en la enseñanza. El objetivo de este proyecto fue aplicar la digitalización e impresión 3D para producir modelos del estómago canino y hacer que estos modelos estén disponibles como una herramienta alternativa de estudio en las clases prácticas de anatomía veterinaria. Los estómagos del perro fueron digitalizados e impresos en modelos 3D. Los aspectos anatómicos se identificaron fácilmente en los modelos en comparación con el estómago original. Los resultados de este proyecto demostraron claramente que la digitalización y la impresión en 3D del estómago del perro contribuyen en gran medida a la enseñanza de la anatomía veterinaria y que actualmente desempeña un papel importante, al producir réplicas que presentan características anatómicas deseables a partir de órganos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Stomach/anatomy & histology , Printing, Three-Dimensional , Anatomy, Veterinary/education , Models, Anatomic
14.
Int. j. morphol ; 35(3): 888-892, Sept. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-893069

ABSTRACT

La anatomía macroscópica veterinaria es una rama de la morfología encargada del estudio de las características normales del cuerpo del animal, y para los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje se han utilizado diversos recursos, desde una enseñanza tradicional con cadáveres fijados en formol hasta una complementación con materiales multimedia, exigida por la continua disminución de las horas presenciales en los currículos de medicina veterinaria, por lo tanto, en el presente artículo se muestran diversas metodologías utilizadas tanto en anatomía veterinaria como humana por diversos autores, demostrándonos que cada una tiene ventajas y desventajas pero su integración mejora la comprensión por parte del estudiante, y como autores defendemos esta integración sin alejarnos de la utilización directa del cadáver junto con la aplicación de la terminología anatómica veterinaria actual como principal recurso didáctico en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la anatomía macroscópica.


Veterinary gross anatomy is a branch of morphology aimed at studying the normal characteristics of the animal body. The teaching-learning processes have used various resources, from a traditional teaching cadavers fixed in formalin to a complementation with multimedia materials. As a result of the continued decline of the classroom hours participation in the curricula of veterinary medicine, this article shows a number of methodologies used in both veterinary and human anatomy by various authors. Each one has advantages and disadvantages their integration however, enhances student understanding. As authors we advocate this integration without veering from the use of cadavers and current veterinary anatomical terminology as the main teaching resources in the process of teaching and learning gross anatomy.


Subject(s)
Anatomy, Veterinary/education , Problem-Based Learning , Teaching Materials , Veterinary Medicine
15.
Ci. Anim. bras. ; 15(2): 207-212, Abr-Jun. 2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-379455

ABSTRACT

A biometric analysis of the eye globe and its components from Nellore cattle was carried out in 121 normal eye globes obtained from slaughtered animals aged two to three years at the city of Itaperuna-RJ, Brazil. Twenty macroscopic measurements were made ??in each globe and its structures. The globes showed optical axis averaging 33.27 ± 1.55 mm, equatorial diameter of 38.07 ± 1.70 mm and an estimated volume of 24.07 ± 3.51 mL. There was a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.723, p 0.0001) between the optical axis and the equatorial diameter of the eye globe in this breed. The cornea of Nellore animals showed vertical and horizontal axes comparatively smaller than European breeds described in literature, but the proportion between the height and width of the cornea remained similar. The lens also presented smaller dimensions compared to European animals. This study provides useful data for future clinical investigations of ocular abnormalities in Nellore cattle as well as for research in comparative anatomy.(AU)


Objetivou-se realizar a biometria de componentes do bulbo do olho de bovinos adultos da raça Nelore. Para tal, analisaram-se 121 bulbos oculares de animais abatidos com idade entre dois a três anos em um estabelecimento no município de Itaperuna- RJ, Brasil. Vinte medições macroscópicas foram feitas nos bulbos oculares e suas estruturas. Os bulbos apresentaram eixo óptico medindo 33,27 ± 1,55 mm, diâmetro equatorial de 38,07 ± 1,70 mm e volume estimado de 24,07 ± 3,51 mL. Houve correlação moderadamente positiva (r = 0,723, p 0,0001) entre o eixo óptico e o diâmetro do bulbo ocular na raça. A córnea de bovinos da raça Nelore demonstrou eixos vertical e horizontal comparativamente menores do que a das raças europeias citadas na literatura, porém a proporção entre a altura e a largura da córnea se manteve semelhante. A lente também apresentou dimensões menores em comparação a outras raças. Este estudo fornece dados úteis para futuras investigações clínicas das anormalidades oculares na raça Nelore bem como para pesquisas em anatomia comparada.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Anatomy, Veterinary , Biometry , Eye/anatomy & histology , Ophthalmology , Dissection/instrumentation
16.
Ci. Anim. bras. ; 15(2)2014.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-745022

ABSTRACT

A biometric analysis of the eye globe and its components from Nellore cattle was carried out in 121 normal eye globes obtained from slaughtered animals aged two to three years at the city of Itaperuna-RJ, Brazil. Twenty macroscopic measurements were made in each globe and its structures. The globes showed optical axis averaging 33.27 ± 1.55 mm, equatorial diameter of 38.07 ± 1.70 mm and an estimated volume of 24.07 ± 3.51 mL. There was a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.723, p 0.0001) between the optical axis and the equatorial diameter of the eye globe in this breed. The cornea of Nellore animals showed vertical and horizontal axes comparatively smaller than European breeds described in literature, but the proportion between the height and width of the cornea remained similar. The lens also presented smaller dimensions compared to European animals. This study provides useful data for future clinical investigations of ocular abnormalities in Nellore cattle as well as for research in comparative anatomy.


Objetivou-se realizar a biometria de componentes do bulbo do olho de bovinos adultos da raça Nelore. Para tal, analisaram-se 121 bulbos oculares de animais abatidos com idade entre dois a três anos em um estabelecimento no município de Itaperuna-RJ, Brasil. Vinte medições macroscópicas foram feitas nos bulbos oculares e suas estruturas. Os bulbos apresentaram eixo óptico medindo 33,27 ± 1,55 mm, diâmetro equatorial de 38,07 ± 1,70 mm e volume estimado de 24,07 ± 3,51 mL. Houve correlação moderadamente positiva (r = 0,723, p 0,0001) entre o eixo óptico e o diâmetro do bulbo ocular na raça. A córnea de bovinos da raça Nelore demonstrou eixos vertical e horizontal comparativamente menores do que a das raças europeias citadas na literatura, porém a proporção entre a altura e a largura da córnea se manteve semelhante. A lente também apresentou dimensões menores em comparação a outras raças. Este estudo fornece dados úteis para futuras investigações clínicas das anormalidades oculares na raça Nelore bem como para pesquisas em anatomia comparada.

17.
Ciênc. anim. bras. (Impr.) ; 15(2): 207-212, Abr-Jun. 2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1473321

ABSTRACT

A biometric analysis of the eye globe and its components from Nellore cattle was carried out in 121 normal eye globes obtained from slaughtered animals aged two to three years at the city of Itaperuna-RJ, Brazil. Twenty macroscopic measurements were made ??in each globe and its structures. The globes showed optical axis averaging 33.27 ± 1.55 mm, equatorial diameter of 38.07 ± 1.70 mm and an estimated volume of 24.07 ± 3.51 mL. There was a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.723, p 0.0001) between the optical axis and the equatorial diameter of the eye globe in this breed. The cornea of Nellore animals showed vertical and horizontal axes comparatively smaller than European breeds described in literature, but the proportion between the height and width of the cornea remained similar. The lens also presented smaller dimensions compared to European animals. This study provides useful data for future clinical investigations of ocular abnormalities in Nellore cattle as well as for research in comparative anatomy.


Objetivou-se realizar a biometria de componentes do bulbo do olho de bovinos adultos da raça Nelore. Para tal, analisaram-se 121 bulbos oculares de animais abatidos com idade entre dois a três anos em um estabelecimento no município de Itaperuna- RJ, Brasil. Vinte medições macroscópicas foram feitas nos bulbos oculares e suas estruturas. Os bulbos apresentaram eixo óptico medindo 33,27 ± 1,55 mm, diâmetro equatorial de 38,07 ± 1,70 mm e volume estimado de 24,07 ± 3,51 mL. Houve correlação moderadamente positiva (r = 0,723, p 0,0001) entre o eixo óptico e o diâmetro do bulbo ocular na raça. A córnea de bovinos da raça Nelore demonstrou eixos vertical e horizontal comparativamente menores do que a das raças europeias citadas na literatura, porém a proporção entre a altura e a largura da córnea se manteve semelhante. A lente também apresentou dimensões menores em comparação a outras raças. Este estudo fornece dados úteis para futuras investigações clínicas das anormalidades oculares na raça Nelore bem como para pesquisas em anatomia comparada.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Anatomy, Veterinary , Biometry , Eye/anatomy & histology , Dissection/instrumentation , Ophthalmology
18.
Ci. Anim. bras. ; 14(4): 462-467, out.-dez. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-31451

ABSTRACT

Devido à importância do estudo da morfologia da medula espinhal, tendo em vista a sua aplicabilidade na clínica veterinária na punção de líquido cefalorraquidiano, na localização de lesões nervosas em níveis vertebrais e nas anestesias epidurais, objetivou-se analisar e descrever a medula espinhal e a topografia vértebro-medular em primatas da espécie Callithrix jacchus (sagui-de-tufo-branco). Para tanto, foram utilizados dez espécimes adultos, 5 fêmeas e 5 machos, entre 170g a 300g procedentes de um criadouro de animais selvagens e que vieram a óbito por causas naturais. Após fixação em solução de formaldeído 10%, os animais foram incisados na linha mediana dorsal, do forame magno até a base da cauda, com retirada da musculatura epaxial e dos arcos vertebrais para a exposição da medula espinhal. Em seguida efetuaram-se as mensurações do comprimento total da medula espinhal, do cone medular e das duas intumescências, a cervical e a lombar, realizando-se também a esqueletopia de tais estruturas. Com o material analisado e a técnica empregada, pode-se concluir que a medula espinhal do sagui-de-tufo-branco (Callithrix jacchus) possui um padrão morfométrico e morfológico característico e, mediante a descrição morfológica do cone medular, localizado entre L2-L5, sugere-se que a anestesia epidural nesta espécie seja realizada na região lombosacra.(AU)


Due to the importance of spinal cord morphological studies, their applicability in clinical veterinary during cerebrospinal fluid punction, location of nervous injuries in spinal levels, and epidural anesthesia, this study aimed at analyzing and describing the spinal cord and vertebral-medullary topography in the primate Callithrix jacchus (common marmoset). Ten adult specimens, 5 females and 5 males, with 170g-300g were used. The animals came from a wildlife breeding center and died of natural causes. After fixation in 10% formaldehyde solution, the animals were incised at the dorsal midline, from foramen magnum to the tail base, with removal of epaxial muscles and vertebral arches to expose the spinal cord. Total length measurements from the spinal cord, medullary cone and cervical and lumbar intumescences were performed, as well as skeletopie of all structures. Based on the analyzed material and the technique apllied we concluded that the spine of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) presents standard morphometric and morphological characteristic, and through the medullary cone morphological description, between L2-L5, we suggest that epidural anesthesia in this species should be performed at lumbosacral region.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Saguinus/anatomy & histology , Spinal Cord/anatomy & histology
19.
Ciênc. anim. bras. (Impr.) ; 14(4): 462-467, out.-dez. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1473281

ABSTRACT

Devido à importância do estudo da morfologia da medula espinhal, tendo em vista a sua aplicabilidade na clínica veterinária na punção de líquido cefalorraquidiano, na localização de lesões nervosas em níveis vertebrais e nas anestesias epidurais, objetivou-se analisar e descrever a medula espinhal e a topografia vértebro-medular em primatas da espécie Callithrix jacchus (sagui-de-tufo-branco). Para tanto, foram utilizados dez espécimes adultos, 5 fêmeas e 5 machos, entre 170g a 300g procedentes de um criadouro de animais selvagens e que vieram a óbito por causas naturais. Após fixação em solução de formaldeído 10%, os animais foram incisados na linha mediana dorsal, do forame magno até a base da cauda, com retirada da musculatura epaxial e dos arcos vertebrais para a exposição da medula espinhal. Em seguida efetuaram-se as mensurações do comprimento total da medula espinhal, do cone medular e das duas intumescências, a cervical e a lombar, realizando-se também a esqueletopia de tais estruturas. Com o material analisado e a técnica empregada, pode-se concluir que a medula espinhal do sagui-de-tufo-branco (Callithrix jacchus) possui um padrão morfométrico e morfológico característico e, mediante a descrição morfológica do cone medular, localizado entre L2-L5, sugere-se que a anestesia epidural nesta espécie seja realizada na região lombosacra.


Due to the importance of spinal cord morphological studies, their applicability in clinical veterinary during cerebrospinal fluid punction, location of nervous injuries in spinal levels, and epidural anesthesia, this study aimed at analyzing and describing the spinal cord and vertebral-medullary topography in the primate Callithrix jacchus (common marmoset). Ten adult specimens, 5 females and 5 males, with 170g-300g were used. The animals came from a wildlife breeding center and died of natural causes. After fixation in 10% formaldehyde solution, the animals were incised at the dorsal midline, from foramen magnum to the tail base, with removal of epaxial muscles and vertebral arches to expose the spinal cord. Total length measurements from the spinal cord, medullary cone and cervical and lumbar intumescences were performed, as well as skeletopie of all structures. Based on the analyzed material and the technique apllied we concluded that the spine of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) presents standard morphometric and morphological characteristic, and through the medullary cone morphological description, between L2-L5, we suggest that epidural anesthesia in this species should be performed at lumbosacral region.


Subject(s)
Animals , Spinal Cord/anatomy & histology , Saguinus/anatomy & histology
20.
Int. j. morphol ; 27(2): 403-406, June 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-563085

ABSTRACT

El músculo romboides (m. rhomboideus) forma parte de la sinsarcosis que une la cintura del miembro torácico con el esqueleto axil en los mamíferos domésticos. En estas especies, está integrado por los músculos romboides cervical (m. rhomboideus cervicis) y romboides torácico (m. rhomboideus thoracis), siendo imposible establecer el límite entre ellos, a diferencia de lo que sucede en el Hombre. Los carnívoros en general, el cerdo y el conejo presentan, además de las partes mencionadas, el músculo romboides de la cabeza (m. rhomboideus capitis). En la llama, la porción cefálica está ausente y la cervical pobremente desarrollada. Los autores proponen sumar a las porciones cervical y torácica del músculo romboides de este camélido sudamericano, al músculo romboides supraescapular (m. rhomboideus suprsacapularis), descrito por Lesbre (1903), en el camello y el dromedario. En este trabajo se establecen las inserciones, dimensiones e inervación del músculo romboides supraescapular de la llama, elementos que permiten definirlo como otra porción del complejo muscular romboideo en dicha especie. Además, se postula su acción como elevador de la escápula, dirigiéndola craneal y dorsalmente.


The rhomboideus muscle of the domestic mammals is part of the muscular set that joins the scapular waist to the axial skeleton. In these animals, the forenamed muscle has a cervical portion (m. rhomboideus cervicicis), and a thoracic portion (m. rhomboideus thoracis). Unlike in the man, these parts cannot be separated. In addition, carnivores, pigs and rabbits also have a cephalic portion (m. rhomboideus capitis). In the llamas, the cephalic portion is absent, and the cervical part is poorly developed. The authors propose to add a suprascapular portion (m. rhomboideus suparsacapularis), first described by Lesbre, 1903 in camels, to the Rhomboideus muscular complex of the llama. In this study, the authors describe the length, insertions, and inervation of the Rhomboideus Suprascapular muscle of the llama in order to define it as another portion of the Rhomboideus muscular complex. Moreover, the forenamed muscle is proposed as a scapular elevator.


Subject(s)
Animals , Back/anatomy & histology , Back/embryology , Scapula/anatomy & histology , Scapula/growth & development , Scapula/innervation , Muscles/anatomy & histology , Muscles/embryology , Muscles/innervation , Anatomy, Comparative/methods , Camelids, New World/anatomy & histology , Camelids, New World/embryology , Musculoskeletal Development/genetics , Upper Extremity/anatomy & histology , Upper Extremity/embryology , Upper Extremity/innervation , Ligaments/anatomy & histology , Ligaments/embryology , Ligaments/innervation
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL