Lipase in-situ immobilized in covalent organic framework: Enzymatic properties and application in the preparation of 1, 3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol.

In this study, the critical importance of designing an appropriate immobilized carrier and method for free lipase to ensure exceptional biological catalytic activity and stability was emphasized. Covalent organic frameworks (COF-1) were synthesized as a novel porous carrier with an azine structure (-CN-NC-) through the condensation of hydrazine hydrate and benzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde at room temperature. Simultaneously, Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) was immobilized within the COF-1 carrier using an in-situ aqueous phase method. Characterization of the carrier and RML@COF-1 and evaluation of the lipase properties of RML and RML@COF-1 through p-Nitrophenyl palmitate hydrolysis were conducted. Additionally, application in the synthesis of 1, 3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (OPO) was explored. The results showed that RML@COF-1 exhibited a high enzymatic loading of 285.4 mg/g. Under 60℃ conditions, the activity of RML@COF-1 was 2.31 times higher than that of free RML, and RML@COF-1 retained 77.25% of its original activity after 10 cycles of repeated use, indicating its excellent thermal stability and repeatability. Under the optimal conditions (10%, 1:8 PPP/OA, 45℃, 5 h), the yield of OPO reached 47.35%, showcasing the promising application prospects of the novel immobilized enzyme synthesized via in-situ aqueous phase synthesis for OPO preparation.

Facile Synthesis of High-Entropy Alloy Nanowires for Electrocatalytic Alcohol Oxidation.

Considering the structural and compositional advantages of high-entropy alloy (HEA) as high-efficient electrocatalysts, we here present a facile method to prepare high-entropy alloy nanowires with seven elements in an aqueous solution. The as-synthesized PdPtCuAgAuPbCo nanowires possess dispersed one-dimensional morphology and exhibit enhanced electrocatalytic performance with the mass activity of 9.9 A mgPd+Pt -1 toward ethanol electrooxidation. The HEA nanowires also perform superior stability, resistance to CO poisoning, and good electrocatalytic activities toward other alcohols (e. g., ethylene glycol and methanol) oxidation. The synthesis strategy is easy to operate with low cost and has wide application prospects for preparing desired electrocatalysts for fuel cells.

Aqueous-Phase Formation of Two-Dimensional PbI2 Nanoplates for High-Performance Self-Powered Photodetectors.

The process of the aqueous synthesis of nanomaterials has gained considerable interest due to its ability to eliminate the need for complex organic solvents, which aligns with the principles of green chemistry. Fabricating nanostructures in aqueous solutions has gained recognition for its potential to develop ultrasensitive, low-energy, and ultrafast optoelectronic devices. This study focuses on synthesizing lead iodide (PbI2) nanoplates (NPs) using a water-based solution technique and fabricating a planar photodetector. The planar photodetectors (ITO/PbI2 NPs/Au) demonstrated a remarkable photosensitivity of 3.9 × 103 and photoresponsivity of 0.51 mA/W at a wavelength of 405 nm. Further, we have carried-out analytical calculations for key performance parameters including open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current (Isc), on-off ratio, responsivity (R), and specific detectivity (D*) at zero applied bias, while photodetector operating in self-powered mode. These values are as follows: Voc = 0.103 V, Isc = 1.93 × 10-8, on-off ratio = 103, R = 4.0 mA/W, and D* = 3.3 × 1011 Jones. Particularly, the asymmetrical output properties of ITO/PbI2 NPs/Au detector provided additional evidence of the effective creation of a Schottky contact. Therefore, the photodetector exhibited a photo-response even at 0 V bias (rise/decay time ~1 s), leading to the realization of self-powered photodetectors. Additionally, the device exhibited a rapid photo-response of 0.23/0.38 s (-5 V) in the visible range. This study expands the scope of aqueous-phase synthesis of PbI2 nanostructures, enabling the large-area fabrication of high-performance photodetectors.

Facile One-Pot Synthesis of Nanodot-Decorated Gold-Silver Alloy Nanoboxes for Single-Particle Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Activity.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an important, highly sensitive technique for chemical and biological analysis, which is critically dependent upon high-performance metallic substrates. Anisotropic gold (Au)-silver (Ag) alloy nanoboxes are attractive SERS substrates because of the greatly enhanced Raman signals from the strong electromagnetic fields on the sharp corners. Yet, the routine approach of Au-Ag alloy nanobox synthesis is still challenging because of the complicated procedures and use of biologically/environmentally unfriendly reagents. To facilitate the usage of Au-Ag alloy nanoboxes for broad SERS applications, we propose a facile green strategy to synthesize Au-Ag alloy nanoboxes with superior single-particle SERS sensitivity. Our novel straightforward strategy involves HAuCl4 and AgNO3 reduction by ascorbic acid, which is achieved in an aqueous one-pot reaction at ambient temperature. Significantly, the surfaces of the prepared Au-Ag alloy nanoboxes are judiciously designed to introduce nanodots, generating numerous "hot spots" for high Raman signal enhancement as indicated by rigorous numerical simulations. By combining scanning electron microscopy and Raman mapping images, we demonstrate the application of Au-Ag alloy nanoboxes for single-particle sensing SERS activity. The as-prepared Au-Ag alloy nanoboxes are expected to facilitate their further applications in quantitative and ultrasensitive SERS detection.

One-pot preparation of an acryloyled ß-cyclodextrin-silica hybrid monolithic column and its application for determination of carbendazim and carbaryl.

This work describes, for the first time, an acryloyled ß-cyclodextrin hybrid monolith column was synthesized, under aqueous-phase conditions, and used for solid-phase microextraction of carbendazim and carbaryl. The monolithic column was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and used as the adsorbent for solid phase microextraction (SPME) of carbendazim and carbaryl. After optimization of the SPME conditions, a simple and sensitive SPME-HPLC method was developed for the determination of carbendazim and carbaryl in leafy vegetables. The method exhibited a good liner response in the range 5-400 µg/kg (R2 = 0.9994) for carbendazim and 10-400 µg/kg (R2 = 0.9996) for carbaryl, respectively. The limits of detection were 1.0 and 1.5 µg/kg for carbendazim and carbaryl, respectively, in leafy vegetables. Recoveries ranged from 92.6% to 110.1%, and the relative standard deviations were less than 6.1%.

Aqueous Phase Synthesis of CuIn Alloy Nanoparticles and Their Application for a CIS (CuInSe2)-Based Printable Solar Battery.

To apply CuInSe2 (CIS)-based printable solar batteries; an aqueous phase synthesis method of Cu-In (CI) alloy nanoparticles is studied. Metal complexes in the original solution are restricted to homogenized species by utilizing calculations. For example; [(Cu2+)(ASP2-)2] [ASP: the "body (C4H5O4N)" of aspartic acid (C4H7O4N)] is predominant in the pH 6-13 region (CASP/CCu > 6); while In complexes can be restricted to [(In3+)(OH-)(EDTA4-)] (pH 10-12; CEDTA/CIn = 2) and/or [(In3+)(ASP2-)2] (pH 7-9; CASP/CIn = 5). These results indicate that the added amount of complex reagents should be determined by calculations and not the stoichiometric ratio. The reduction potential of homogenized metal complex is measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements and evaluated by Nernst's equation using the overall stability constants. CuIn alloy nanoparticles with a small amount of byproduct (In nanoparticles) are successfully synthesized. The CI precursor films are spin-coated onto the substrate using a 2-propanol dispersion. Then the films are converted into CIS solar cells; which show a maximum conversion efficiency of 2.30%. The relationship between the open circuit potential; short circuit current density; and fill factor indicate that smoothing of the CIS films and improving the crystallinity and thickness increase the solar cell conversion efficiency.

Aqueous-phase synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles and composites for cancer diagnosis and therapy.

The design and development of multifunctional nanoplatforms for biomedical applications still remains to be challenging. This review reports the recent advances in aqueous-phase synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) and their composites for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and photothermal therapy of cancer. Water dispersible and colloidally stable Fe3O4 NPs synthesized via controlled coprecipitation route, hydrothermal route and mild reduction route are introduced. Some of key strategies to improve the r2 relaxivity of Fe3O4 NPs and to enhance their uptake by cancer cells are discussed in detail. These aqueous-phase synthetic methods can also be applied to prepare Fe3O4 NP-based composites for dual-mode molecular imaging applications. More interestingly, aqueous-phase synthesized Fe3O4 NPs are able to be fabricated as multifunctional theranostic agents for multi-mode imaging and photothermal therapy of cancer. This review will provide some meaningful information for the design and development of various Fe3O4 NP-based multifunctional nanoplatforms for cancer diagnosis and therapy.

Improved synthesis of imatinib mesylate / 药学实践杂志

Objective To obtain the improved synthesis of imatinib mesylate .Methods 4-[(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl) methyl〗benzoyl chloride dihydrochloride and 4-methyl-N3-[4-(3-pyridyl) pyrimidin-2-yl]-1,3-phenylenediamine were used as starting raw mate-rial to perform a condensation reaction in the aqueous phase to give imatinib free base , which was then neutralized with methanesulfonic acid to obtain the novel antineoplastic tyrosinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate by the use of a two -step reaction .Results The improved syn-thesis was considered to have the advantages of low cost , easy post-processing, high purity, high yield and environmental pollution with the HPLC purity≥99.7%and the single impurity<0.1%.Conclusion The total yield of the novel method was 81.5%, having an e-nough broad industrial production prospect .The targeted compound structure was confirmed by 1 H NMR and ESI-MS.