ABSTRACT
The development of neuroscientific techniques enabling the recording of brain and peripheral nervous system activity has fueled research in cognitive science. Recent technological advancements offer new possibilities for inducing behavioral change, particularly through cost-effective Internet-based interventions. However, limitations in laboratory equipment volume have hindered the generalization of results to real-life contexts. The advent of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, such as wearables, equipped with sensors and microchips, has ushered in a new era in behavior change techniques. Wearables, including smartwatches, electronic tattoos, and more, are poised for massive adoption, with an expected annual growth rate of 55% over the next five years. These devices enable personalized instructions, leading to increased productivity and efficiency, particularly in industrial production. Additionally, the healthcare sector has seen a significant demand for wearables, with over 80% of global consumers willing to use them for health monitoring. This research explores the primary biometric applications of wearables and their impact on users' well-being, focusing on the integration of behavior change techniques facilitated by IoT devices. Wearables have revolutionized health monitoring by providing real-time feedback, personalized interventions, and gamification. They encourage positive behavior changes by delivering immediate feedback, tailored recommendations, and gamified experiences, leading to sustained improvements in health. Furthermore, wearables seamlessly integrate with digital platforms, enhancing their impact through social support and connectivity. However, privacy and data security concerns must be addressed to maintain users' trust. As technology continues to advance, the refinement of IoT devices' design and functionality is crucial for promoting behavior change and improving health outcomes. This study aims to investigate the effects of behavior change techniques facilitated by wearables on individuals' health outcomes and the role of wearables in promoting a healthier lifestyle.
ABSTRACT
This research paper delves into the effectiveness and impact of behavior change techniques fostered by information technologies, particularly wearables and Internet of Things (IoT) devices, within the realms of engineering and computer science. By conducting a comprehensive review of the relevant literature sourced from the Scopus database, this study aims to elucidate the mechanisms and strategies employed by these technologies to facilitate behavior change and their potential benefits to individuals and society. Through statistical measurements and related works, our work explores the trends over a span of two decades, from 2000 to 2023, to understand the evolving landscape of behavior change techniques in wearable and IoT technologies. A specific focus is placed on a case study examining the application of behavior change techniques (BCTs) for monitoring vital signs using wearables, underscoring the relevance and urgency of further investigation in this critical intersection of technology and human behavior. The findings shed light on the promising role of wearables and IoT devices for promoting positive behavior modifications and improving individuals' overall well-being and highlighting the need for continued research and development in this area to harness the full potential of technology for societal benefit.
Subject(s)
Internet of Things , Wearable Electronic Devices , HumansABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Brief interventions have proven to be valuable instruments for the treatment and care of clients with diverse health needs, due to their potential to impact both the individual and the population. In this regard, the Brief Sexuality-Related Communication (BSC) is presented as a viable and effective alternative for addressing sexual and reproductive health problems, assessing risk behaviors and motivating clients to generate behavioral change. Since health providers are key actors in treatment and prevention, it is essential to know their perceptions about the BSC intervention, as well as its acceptability in different contexts, with diverse client populations. Thus, the following paper reflects the findings of the perceptions and experiences of health providers in Peru from the first phase of the Feasibility study of a BSC intervention to prevent STIs and unintended pregnancies. METHODS: This is the first phase of a multisite and multiphase study of the feasibility of a BSC intervention. We conducted twenty in-depth interviews (IDI) with health care providers (physicians, obstetricians, psychologists, nurses and peer counselors) recruited from three health care institutions in Peru: The Tahuantinsuyo Bajo Maternal and Child Center (CMI) and the San José Maternal and Child Center, both located in the capital city, Lima; and La Caleta Hospital located in Chimbote, northern coast of Peru. Participating health providers included those working at the HIV/STI Reference service and the family planning/reproductive health service. The IDI addressed three domains: 1) Acceptability of the BSC intervention; 2) Perceived willingness to implement the BSC intervention; and 3) Considerations for the Implementation of the BSC intervention. RESULTS: Health providers expressed high acceptance of the BSC intervention, considering it as a useful and effective instrument to address sexual and reproductive health problems with all clients; however, some providers had some concerns about the real impact of the intervention to achieve significant behavior change. On the other hand, health providers showed high willingness to learn and implement the BSC intervention, affirming their commitment to learn new techniques and strategies that could allow them to improve their knowledge and the quality of their care. Health care providers consider it necessary to take into account the barriers that arise in the implementation of the BSC intervention, such as the structural limitations to access, the providers' abilities to deliver the intervention effectively, and the participants' reception of the intervention. Finally, providers consider it essential to establish the BSC intervention in a normative framework that allows it to receive the support of the health departments and eventually enforces implementation. CONCLUSIONS: Health providers consider the BSC intervention as an interesting and exciting behavioral intervention to deal with the sexual and reproductive health issues existing in different populations, and seemed highly willing to adapt and implement it, hoping that it become beneficial to all client populations to prevent HIV/STIs and unintended pregnancies.