Microstructural and Electrochemical Study: Pitting Corrosion Mechanism on A390 Al-Si Alloy and Ce-Mo Treatment as a Better Corrosion Protection.

Sulfuric acid anodizing assisted by a hydrothermal sealing with inhibitors [Ce3+-Mo6+] was used to prevent pitting corrosion on spray-deposited hypereutectic Al-Si alloy (A390). An investigation concerning the evaluation of pitting corrosion resistance on the anodic oxide thin film with ions incorporated was carried out in NaCl solution using electrochemical measurements (i.e., potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, EIS). The influence of Si phase morphology and size on the growth mechanism of an anodic oxide film was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results were then compared with those for its equivalent IM390 alloy (Al-17Si-4.5Cu-0.6Mg) produced through a conventional process ingot metallurgy, IM. The electrochemical findings indicate that sulfuric acid anodizing followed by a simple hot water sealing treatment was ineffective. In this manner, an intense attack was localized by pitting corrosion that occurred on the anodic oxide film in less than three days, as denoted by characteristic changes in the EIS spectra at the lowest frequencies. Improved results were achieved for Ce-Mo surface modification, which can provide better corrosion resistance on the aluminum alloys because no signs of pits were observed during the corrosion testing.

Numerical analysis of the mechanical behavior of ceramic dental implants based on Ce-TZP/Al2O3 composite.

This study aimed to identify the potential use of the ceramic composite ZrO2(CeO2)-Al2O3 as a dental implant due to its intrinsic geometry and different masticatory loads based on finite element simulations. Ceramic samples were sintered at 1500 °C-2h, and characterized: The mechanical properties of the ceramic composite (hardness, fracture toughness, flexural strength, Young's Modulus, and Poisson ratio) were determined, in addition to the relative density and its structural characteristics. Commercial dental implant designs (incisal and third-molar) on CAD models were used in this study as an initial implant geometry applied in a typical simulated mandible anatomy. Finite element models were generated for implant geometries using CAD and CAE techniques. Loading cases were considered based on different intensities (100-500 N) and orientation angles to the implant axis (0° and 45°) to reproduce human masticatory conditions. For comparison purposes, the numerical predictions were compared with finite element simulations of gold-standard titanium implants. Ce-TZP/Al2O3 sintered ceramics showed flexural strength of 952.6 ± 88 MPa, hardness and fracture toughness of 1427 ± 46 HV and 11.3 ± 0.4 MPa m1/2, respectively, beside Young's modulus of 228.3 ± 65 GPa and Poisson ratio of 0.28. For both Ce-TZP/Al2O3 dental implant geometries, the implant prototypes showed adequate mechanical behavior regardless of the masticatory load value or the orientation angle applied in the simulations: All finite element predictions are lower than the values established by Mohr Coulomb's failure criterion, allowing the feasibility, preliminarily, of the proposed ceramics for dental implant applications without fracture risk.

Controversias Diagnósticas en la Clasificación Internacional de las Cefaleas, III Edición / Diagnostic controversies on the International Classifica tion of Headaches Disorders, III Edition

Resumen La revisión consideró los puntos de conflicto que pue dan llevar a confusión en el uso diario de la clasificación internacional de las cefaleas (ICHD-III). Se evaluaron tanto las controversias al momento de confeccionar los criterios como las superposiciones producidas tras su utilización en la práctica diaria, argumentado a través de bibliografía científica. Como puntos relevantes, la anamnesis de un paciente con cefalea debe indicar la intensidad del dolor como así también la duración del episodio doloroso y si su localización es estrictamente unilateral. Estos puntos podrán ser de ayuda en los casos de dolor moderado que no cumplan en forma absoluta los criterios para ninguna de las cefaleas primarias, dilema frecuente en la práctica diaria.

Abstract The review considered points of conflict that may lead to confusion in the daily use of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-III). Both the controversies at the time of preparing the criteria and the overlaps produced after their use in daily practice were evaluated, argued through scientific bib liography. As relevant points, the anamnesis of a patient with headache should indicate the intensity of the pain as well as the duration of the painful episode and if its location is strictly unilateral. These points may be help ful in cases of moderate pain that do not fully meet the criteria for any of the primary headaches, a frequent dilemma in daily practice.

Factors for the implementation of the circular economy in Big Data environments in service companies in post pandemic times of COVID-19: The case of Colombia.

In emerging economies, Big Data (BD) analytics has become increasingly popular, particularly regarding the opportunities and expected benefits. Such analyzes have identified that the production and consumption of goods and services, while unavoidable, have proven to be unsustainable and inefficient. For this reason, the concept of the circular economy (CE) has emerged strongly as a sustainable approach that contributes to the eco-efficient use of resources. However, to develop a circular economy in DB environments, it is necessary to understand what factors influence the intention to accept its implementation. The main objective of this research was to assess the influence of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral norms on the intention to adopt CE in BD-mediated environments. The methodology is quantitative, cross-sectional with a descriptive correlational approach, based on the theory of planned behavior and a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM). A total of 413 Colombian service SMEs participated in the study. The results show that managers' attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived norms of behavior positively influence the intentions of organizations to implement CB best practices. Furthermore, most organizations have positive intentions toward CE and that these intentions positively influence the adoption of DB; however, the lack of government support and cultural barriers are perceived as the main limitation for its adoption. The research leads to the conclusion that BD helps business and government develop strategies to move toward CE, and that there is a clear positive will and intent toward a more restorative and sustainable corporate strategy.

Devouring and Asphyxia: Symptoms of a Cultural Complex in Present Times.

The article discusses dominance and oppression in society due to cultural complexes filled with collective memories of destructiveness and perpetration, implicit memories which have remained repressed. Individual personal complexes and traumas are intertwined with traumatizing historical circumstances, setting up pairs of perpetrator and victim. The metaphors of devouring and asphyxiation are used to denote interpersonal and group relationships in which feelings of imprisonment, suffocating anxiety and expulsion are predominant, all of which leads to painful projections and introjections, dissociation and suffering. Asphyxiating death symbolizes not only environmental devastation by fire, the pandemic and the plague, but is also seen as a symptom of acute anxiety in modern times. Devouring stands for the annulment of the objectified Other in a patriarchal society best revealed in fratricidal struggles, the oppression of women and, ultimately, wars.

L'article traite de la domination et de l'oppression dans la société, du fait de complexes culturels chargés de souvenirs de destruction et de culpabilité, de mémoires implicites qui sont restées refoulées. Les complexes personnels et les traumatismes des individus sont entremêlés avec les circonstances historiques traumatisantes. Ainsi se forment des couples coupable-victime. Les métaphores de dévoration et d'asphyxie sont utilisées pour désigner des relations interpersonnelles et de groupe dans lesquelles les sentiments d'emprisonnement, l'angoisse d'étouffement et l'expulsion sont prédominants, tout cela menant à des projections et des introjections douloureuses, à de la dissociation et de la souffrance. La mort par asphyxie symbolise non seulement la dévastation de l'environnement par l'incendie, la pandémie et la peste, mais est aussi comprise comme un symptôme d'anxiété aigüe à notre époque. La dévoration signifie l'annulation d'un Autre traité comme un objet dans une société patriarcale qui se dévoile dans des batailles fratricides, l'oppression des femmes et au final, les guerres.

El artículo analiza la dominación y la opresión en la sociedad debido a complejos culturales llenos de memorias colectivas de destructividad y perpetración, memorias implícitas que han permanecido reprimidas. Los complejos y traumas personales individuales se entrelazan con circunstancias históricas traumatizantes, estableciendo pares de perpetrador y víctima. Las metáforas de la devoración y la asfixia se utilizan para denotar relaciones interpersonales y grupales en las que predominan sentimientos de aprisionamiento, ansiedad sofocante y expulsión, todo lo cual conduce a proyecciones e introyecciones dolorosas, disociación y sufrimiento. La muerte asfixiante simboliza no sólo la devastación medioambiental por el fuego, la pandemia y la peste, sino que también se considera un síntoma de ansiedad aguda en los tiempos modernos. Devorar representa la anulación del Otro cosificado en una sociedad patriarcal que sobre todo se revela en las luchas fratricidas, la opresión de la mujer y, en última instancia, las guerras.

A legal assessment of private land conservation in South America.

Privately protected areas (PPAs) are a potentially innovative conservation tool. Legal recognition is necessary for their success, especially where there are institutional challenges to nature conservation, such as in South America. Although PPAs have increased in South America since the early 2000s, there is a critical information gap pertaining to their legal frameworks. We analyzed the level of landowner commitment to and governmental support for PPAs across countries in South America that officially recognize PPAs. We analyzed the legal framework governing PPAs and reviewed literature on them. This process was done in English and Spanish. The information we gathered was validated by 16 conservation experts from 10 South American countries. Because Peru is 1 of only 2 South American countries where local communities create and manage PPAs, we studied Peruvian PPAs in more detail by examining official creation documents and interviewing 13 local conservation professionals. We found inadequate minimum duration of PPAs and vague guidelines for conducting economic activities within them and a lack of governmental support (e.g., financial and technical support) for PPAs. Support was limited to the exemption from rural property taxes, which are relatively low compared with countries outside South America. In Peru, PPAs run by individuals and communities needed different legal frameworks because they were created with different objectives and had different sizes and duration of commitments. The prompt improvement of legal frameworks across South America is necessary for PPAs to achieve their aim of being places for enduring nature conservation in the region.

Una revisión legal de la conservación voluntaria entierras privadas de América del Sur Resumen Las áreas protegidas privadas (APP) son una herramienta de conservación con potencial innovador. Para ser exitosas, las APP necesitan reconocimiento legal, especialmente cuando existen obstáculos institucionales para la conservación de la naturaleza, como sucede en América del Sur. Aunque las APP han aumentado en esta zona desde principios de la década del 2000, existe un vacío de información con respecto a sus marcos legales. Analizamos el nivel de compromiso de los terratenientes y el apoyo gubernamental hacia las APP en los países de América del Sur que reconocen de forma oficial las APP. Analizamos el encuadre legal que rige a las APP y revisamos la literatura existente sobre ellas; realizamos este proceso en inglés y en español. Dieciséis expertos de la conservación de diez países sudamericanos validaron la información recopilada. Ya que Perú es uno de los dos países de la zona en donde las comunidades locales crean y manejan las APP, nos enfocamos en sus APP y examinamos a detalle los documentos oficiales de creación y entrevistamos a 13 profesionales de la conservación locales. Encontramos una duración mínima inadecuada de las APP y directrices vagas para la realización de actividades dentro de ellas, así como una falta de apoyo gubernamental (p. ej.: apoyo económico y técnico). Este apoyo se limitaba a la exención de los impuestos sobre la propiedad rural, los cuales son relativamente bajos en comparación con los países fuera de América del Sur. En Perú, las APP a cargo de individuos y comunidades necesitaban diferentes encuadres legales porque fueron creados con diferentes objetivos y tenían diferentes tamaños y plazos para los compromisos. Se necesita una rápida mejora de los marcos legales en América del Sur para que las APP logren el objetivo de ser sitios para que perdure la conservación de la naturaleza en la región.

Evaluation of the stability of polyamines in human serum at different storage temperatures using capillary electrophoresis with indirect ultraviolet detection.

Polyamines are low molecular weight compounds that are present in all living organisms. They are related to the pathological processes, and have been studied as biomarkers for tumor progression, being analyzed in patients' biological fluids. However, polyamines can undergo degradation in serum samples, depending on storage conditions, which impairs their quantification in these matrices. In this work, capillary electrophoresis using indirect ultraviolet detection has been developed and applied to evaluate the stability of polyamines [cadaverine (Cad), putrescine (Put), spermine (Spm), and spermidine (Spd)] in human serum at different storage temperatures. By using this method, Cad, Put, Spm, and Spd were separated in less than 4 min. The range of the correlation coefficients was 0.993-0.998. The corresponding limits of detection and quantification were as follows (in mg L-1 ): Spm: 0.209 and 0.697; Spd: 0.165 and 0.549; Put: 0.189 and 0.632; Cad: 0.125 and 0.417. Besides, the coefficient of variation was lower than 1% for all analytes and the recovery was 92%-110%. The method was successfully applied for polyamines spiked in human serum samples from healthy people. The results showed that the degradation of polyamines was lower in samples stored in a freezer (-20°C).

Foot-and-mouth disease virus: DNA aptamer selection for the 3ABC protein.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a devastating livestock disease caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), a member of the Picornaviridae family. The 3ABC is a non-structural protein of FMDV, produced during viral replication and absent from inactivated FMD vaccines. Nucleic acid aptamers are DNA or RNA oligonucleotides capable of binding with high specificity and affinity to a molecular target. The aim of this study was to obtain DNA aptamers specific for 3ABC protein with a view of their application in the FMD diagnosis. Aptamers are usually obtained through SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment) procedure. In this study, an aptamer (termed FMDV1) was selected by a variation of this technique called Capillary Electrophoresis SELEX (CE-SELEX). The FMDV1 aptamer showed high binding affinity to the 3ABC protein with Kd value in the nano molar range: 22.69 ± 1.79 nM. The FMDV1 aptamer binding to 3ABC was significantly higher when compared with the BSA protein, used as control, demonstrating its specificity.

Prevalência de enteroparasitas em crianças atendidas pelas unidades básicas de saúde do município de Fortaleza, Ceará / Prevalence of enteroparasites in children attending basic health units in the municipality of Fortaleza, Ceará / Prevalencia de enteroparasitosis en niños atendidos en unidades básicas de salud del municipio de Fortaleza, Ceará

As Enteroparasitoses são um problema socioeconômico de países subdesenvolvidos que atingem principalmente crianças, sendo um grupo de maior propensão a exposição a ambientes contaminados. Diante disso, o objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a prevalência de enteroparasitoses em crianças atendidas pelas unidades básicas de saúde de Fortaleza, Ceará, a fim de contribuir para o desenvolvimento de medidas preventivas e terapêuticas mais eficazes para o controle dessas infecções e na saúde da população. Para isso, foram utilizadas para a análise 76 amostras fecais de crianças de 1 a 15 anos, atendidas pelas unidades básicas de saúde do município, adotando a técnica de sedimentação espontânea em água, conforme descrita por Hoffman, Pons e Janer (1934). A prevalência geral de enteroparasitas, parasitas e protozoários, foi de 51,3% na população estudada. Dentre os parasitas encontrados, os protozoários mais frequentes foram: Blastocystis hominis (55,1%) seguido de Giardia lamblia (12,2%) e Entamoeba coli (12,2%). Já os parasitas helmintos, houve ocorrência de Ascaris lumbricoides (6%) e Enterobius vermicularis (2%). Com base nos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que a população de crianças estudada apresentou uma alta taxa de infecção por enteroparasitas, com predomínio de protozoários intestinais. Esses achados reforçam a importância da implementação de medidas preventivas e melhoria das condições higiênico-sanitárias para o controle dessas infecções e na promoção da saúde da população.

Enteroparasitoses are a socioeconomic problem in underdeveloped countries that mainly affect children, a group with a higher propensity to be exposed to contaminated environments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of enteroparasitoses in children attending basic health units in Fortaleza, Ceará, in order to contribute to the development of more effective preventive and therapeutic measures for the control of these infections and the health of the population. For this purpose, 76 fecal samples from children from 1 to 15 years old, attended in basic health units of the city were used for analysis, adopting the technique of spontaneous sedimentation in water, as described by Hoffman, Pons and Janer (1934). The overall prevalence of enteroparasites, parasites and protozoa, was 51.3% in the studied population. Among the parasites found, the most frequent protozoans were: Blastocystis hominis (55.1%) followed by Giardia lamblia (12.2%) and Entamoeba coli (12.2%). As for the helminth parasites, there were Ascaris lumbricoides (6%) and Enterobius vermicularis (2%). Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the population of children studied presented a high rate of infection by enteroparasites, with a predominance of intestinal protozoa. These findings reinforce the importance of implementing preventive measures and improving the hygienic-sanitary conditions for the control of these infections and in promoting the health of the population.

Las enteroparasitosis son un problema socioeconómico en los países subdesarrollados que afecta principalmente a los niños, grupo con mayor propensión a estar expuesto a ambientes contaminados. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue verificar la prevalencia de enteroparasitosis en niños que asisten a unidades básicas de salud en Fortaleza, Ceará, con el fin de contribuir al desarrollo de medidas preventivas y terapéuticas más eficaces para el control de estas infecciones y la salud de la población. Para ello, se utilizaron para el análisis 76 muestras fecales de niños de 1 a 15 años, atendidos en unidades básicas de salud de la ciudad, adoptando la técnica de sedimentación espontánea en agua, descrita por Hoffman, Pons y Janer (1934). La prevalencia global de enteroparásitos, parásitos y protozoos, fue de 51,3% en la población estudiada. Entre los parásitos encontrados, los protozoos más frecuentes fueron: Blastocystis hominis (55,1%), seguido de Giardia lamblia (12,2%) y Entamoeba coli (12,2%). En cuanto a los helmintos parásitos, había Ascaris lumbricoides (6%) y Enterobius vermicularis (2%). En base a los resultados obtenidos, se puede concluir que la población infantil estudiada presenta una elevada tasa de infección por enteroparásitos, con predominio de protozoos intestinales. Estos hallazgos refuerzan la importancia de implementar medidas preventivas y mejorar las condiciones higiénico-sanitarias para el control de estas infecciones y en la promoción de la salud de la población.

La Paz entre judíos y cristianos. El aporte de Juan Pablo II, a la paz interreligiosa en el siglo xx / Peace between Jews and Christians. John Paul II's Contribution to Interreligious Peace in the 20th Century

Resumen Juan Pablo II no sólo expresó sus ideas políticas y sociales a través de Encíclicas y discursos, sino también a través de la diplomacia y diversas acciones cargadas de simbolismo. Acciones que tuvieron por objetivo mostrar como ejemplo a los pertenecientes de ambas religiones, la paz subyacente entre sus líderes religio sos. De lo anterior, aunque muchos datos biográficos y logros han sido tenidos en cuenta por los biógrafos de Wojtyla, el acercamiento generado entre cristia nos y judíos es quizás uno de los puntos menos profundizados en las reflexiones históricas sobre la labor de Wojtyla.

Abstract Not only did John Paul II express his political and social ideas through Encycli cals and speeches, but also through diplomacy and various actions loaded with symbolism. These actions were aimed at showing as an example to the mem bers of both religions, the underlying peace between their religious leaders. From the above, although many biographical data and achievements have been taken into account by Wojtyla's biographers, the rapprochement generated be tween Christians and Jews is perhaps one of the least deepened points in the historical reflections on Wojtyla's work.

Specific nanomarkers fluorescence: in vitro analysis for EGFR overexpressed cells in triple-negative breast cancer and malignant glioblastoma.

BACKGROUND: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR receptor) is encoded by the EGFR gene. EGFR receptor signaling pathways are activated by EGF protein, regulating cell actions. Overexpression of EGFR receptor may be linked to malignancies with a poor prognosis. As a result, EGFR receptor is being studied for a variety of tumor diagnostics, spurring the development of innovative approaches to increase quality and efficiency. Nanomaterials can recognize cancer cells by specifically targeting of molecular pathways, underscoring the importance of nanomedicine. In this study, we synthesized EGFR-specific nanomarkers by functionalizing EGF protein and Chlorin e6 in gold nanoparticles. These nanoparticles use active targeting to deliver EGF protein to EGFR receptor, and Chlorin e6 serves as a fluorescent marker molecule METHODS: Nanomarkers were examined in vitro in MDA-MB-468 and M059J cell lines. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry were used to examine the distribution, uptake, internalization, and fluorescence intensity of nanomarkers in vitro RESULTS: The results show that both lines examined accumulate nanomarkers. However, MDA-MB-468 had the highest intensity due to its EGFR receptor overexpression properties CONCLUSION: The findings point to ideal properties for detecting EGFR receptor overexpressed cells.

Immunodiagnosis of cystic echinococcosis in livestock: Development and validation dataset of an ELISA test using a recombinant B8/2 subunit of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato.

The accuracy of screening tests for detecting cystic echinococcosis (CE) in livestock depends on characteristics of the host-parasite interaction and the extent of serological cross-reactivity with other taeniid species. The AgB8 kDa protein is considered to be the most specific native or recombinant antigen for immunodiagnosis of ovine CE. A particular DNA fragment coding for rAgB8/2 was identified, that provides evidence of specific reaction in the serodiagnosis of metacestode infection. We developed and validated an IgG Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) test using a recombinant antigen B sub-unit EgAgB8/2 (rAgB8/2) of Echinoccocus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) to estimate CE prevalence in sheep. A 273 bp DNA fragment coding for rAgB8/2 was expressed as a fusion protein (∼30 kDa) and purified by affinity chromatography. Evaluation of the analytical and diagnostic performance of the ELISA followed the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) manual, including implementation of serum panels from: uninfected lambs (n = 79); experimentally infected (with 2,000 E. granulosus s.l. eggs each) sheep with subsequent evidence of E. granulosus cysts by necropsy (n = 36), and animals carrying other metacestode/trematode infections (n = 20). The latter were used to assess the cross-reactivity of rAgB8/2, with these animals being naturally infected with Taenia hydatigena, Thysanosoma actinioides and/or Fasciola hepatica. EgAgB8/2 showed cross-reaction with only one serum sample from a sheep infected with Ta. hydatigena out of the 20 animals tested. Furthermore, the kinetics of the humoral response over time in five 6-month old sheep, each experimentally infected with 2,000 E. granulosus s.l. eggs, was evaluated up to 49 weeks (approximately one year) post infection (n = 5). The earliest detectable IgG response against rAgB8/2 was observed in sera from two and four sheep, 7 and 14 days after experimental infection, respectively. The highest immune response across all five animals was found 16 to 24 weeks post infection.

Human: true or false? Man, myth and cinema.

The fear of robots is recurrent in science fiction literature and cinema. However, I see the robotization of humans in contemporary society is increasing. Identity crisis, automation, dehumanization: what distinguishes human from android? The film Blade Runner, from Ridley Scott (1982), points out aspects of identity, memory, empathy and bond, escaping the Manichean dualism between humans and androids, provoking questions about society and the human condition. The work of art fulfills a visionary function when it captures and translates to the collective aspects of the spirit of the time, transposing into questions and new forms, anticipating and problematizing themes, foreseeing possible solutions, mobilizing the collective conscience. This article presents an analysis based on some thematic snippets from Blade Runner and tries to answer the questions: which mythical themes emerging from the collective consciousness take shape in this classic film? How does the work update the myth?

La peur des robots revient de manière récurrente dans la littérature et le cinéma de science-fiction. Pourtant j'observe une robotisation des humains dans la société contemporaine. La crise d'identité, l'automatisation, la déshumanisation: qu'est-ce qui distingue l'humain de l'androïde? Le film Blade Runner, de Ridley Scott (1982), souligne des aspects de l'identité, de la mémoire, de l'empathie et du lien, qui échappent au dualisme manichéen entre les humains et les androïdes, soulevant des questions sur la société et la condition humaine. L'œuvre d'art remplit une fonction visionnaire quand elle saisit et traduit les aspects collectifs de l'esprit de l'époque, les transposant en questions et en formes nouvelles, anticipant et problématisant des thématiques, envisageant des solutions possibles, mobilisant la conscience collective. Cet article présente une analyse qui s'appuie sur de courts passages thématiques de Blade Runner. Il tente de répondre à la question suivante: quels thèmes mythiques - émergeant de la conscience collective et recréés dans le film classique - sont incarnés? Comment est-ce que l'œuvre d'art met à jour le mythe?

El miedo a los robots es recurrente en la literatura de ciencia ficción y en el cine. Sin embargo, veo crecer la robotización de los seres humanos en la sociedad contemporánea. Crisis de identidad, automatización, deshumanización, ¿qué diferencia a los seres humanos de los androides? La película Blade Runner, de Ridley Scott (1982) destaca aspectos de la identidad, memoria, empatía y lazos, que escapan el dualismo Maniqueo entre los seres humanos y los androides, creando interrogantes acerca de la sociedad y de las condiciones humanas. El trabajo artístico cumple una función visionaria cuando captura y traduce al colectivo aspectos del espíritu de los tiempos, trasponiéndolo en preguntas y nuevas formas, anticipando y problematizando los temas, anticipando posibles soluciones, movilizando la consciencia colectiva. El artículo presenta un análisis basado en algunos fragmentos de Blade Runner, e intenta responder las siguientes preguntas: ¿cuáles son los temas míticos, que emergiendo de la consciencia colectiva y recreados en el clásico filme, están tomando forma? ¿cómo este trabajo actualiza el mito?

O medo de robôs é recorrente na literatura de ficção científica e no cinema. No entanto, vejo crescendo a robotização dos seres humanos na sociedade contemporânea. Crise de identidade, automação, desumanização: o que distingue humano de andróide? O filme Blade Runner, de Ridley Scott (1982), aponta aspectos de identidade, memória, empatia e vínculo, escapando do dualismo maniqueísta entre humanos e andróides, provocando questões sobre a sociedade e a condição humana. A obra de arte cumpre uma função visionária quando captura e se traduz nos aspectos coletivos do espírito da época, transpondo para questões e novas formas, antecipando e problematizando temas, prevendo possíveis soluções, mobilizando a consciência coletiva. Este artigo apresenta uma análise baseada em alguns trechos temáticos de Blade Runner e tenta responder às perguntas: quais temas míticos emergentes da consciência coletiva recriada no filme clássico tomam forma? Como o trabalho atualiza o mito?

Exile and the kingdom: integration of an exiled family.

The subject of exile is a ubiquitous global theme. The result of multiple factors, it insinuates itself into events affecting people's daily lives and the development of countries. Beyond politics, a psychological reading enables us to reflect on its impact, not only on the individual or group but also in relation to the exiled family. The concept of a mythical or archetypal family can help us to clarify what emerges from contact between two communities and the challenges in their encounter. The study of a specific case - Portuguese families adjusting to life in a French-speaking region of Switzerland - reveals a pattern reproduced elsewhere, even though separate in time and space. The cultural shock emanating from a background and approach of different dynamics leads to psychological resistance on both sides - and to a negative prognosis for cultural integration. Analytical work with exiled children and adolescents allows us to glimpse how this theme intertwines with personal psychologies, pointing to its creative solution through the resolution of conflict and openness to diversity - as carried forward by new generations. It is they who are open to multicultural values, showing simultaneously a respect for ancestry and a desire for renewal.

La question de l'exil est un thème omniprésent et global. Le résultat de multiples facteurs, l'exil s'insinue dans des événements qui affectent la vie quotidienne des gens et le développement des pays. Au-delà de la politique, une lecture psychologique nous permet de réfléchir à son impact, non seulement sur l'individu ou le groupe mais aussi en relation avec la famille exilée. Le concept d'une famille mythique ou archétypale peut nous aider à clarifier ce qui émerge du contact entre deux communautés et les défis liés à cette rencontre. L'étude d'un cas particulier - celui des familles portugaises s'ajustant à la vie dans la région Suisse de langue française - révèle le schéma qui se répète ailleurs, bien que de manière distincte dans le temps et dans l'espace. Le choc culturel émanant d'un « background ¼ et d'une approche des différentes dynamiques mène à une résistance psychologique des deux côtés - et à un mauvais pronostic en ce qui concerne l'intégration culturelle. Le travail analytique avec des enfants et des adolescents exilés nous permet d'entrevoir comment ce thème s'entremêle aux psychologies personnelles, montrant sa solution créative au travers de la résolution de conflit et de l'ouverture à la diversité - telle qu'elle est portée par les nouvelles générations. Ce sont elles qui sont ouvertes aux valeurs multiculturelles, montrant simultanément un respect pour ce qui est ancestral et un désir de renouveau.

La cuestión del exilio es un tema global ubicuo. Resultante de factores múltiples, se insinúa a sí mismo en eventos que afectan la vida cotidiana de las personas y el desarrollo de los países. Más allá de la política, una lectura psicológica nos permite reflexionar sobre su impacto, no solo en el individuo o grupo, sino también en relación con la familia exiliada. El concepto de familia mítica o arquetípica puede ayudarnos a clarificar aquello que emerge del contacto entre dos comunidades y los desafíos en ese encuentro. El estudio de un caso específico - familias portuguesas, adaptándose a vivir en la región de habla francesa de Suiza - revela un patrón que se reproduce en otros lugares, aún la separación en tiempo y espacio. El shock cultural que emana de un trasfondo y enfoque de dinámicas diferentes conduce a una resistencia psicológica en ambos lados - y a una prognosis negativa para la integración cultural. El trabajo analítico con niños y adolescentes exiliados nos posibilita vislumbrar como este tema se entrelaza con las psicologías personales, indicando una solución creativa a través de la resolución de conflictos y la apertura a la diversidad - llevada adelante por las nuevas generaciones. Son éstas quienes están abiertas a los valores multiculturales, mostrando simultáneamente un respeto por lo ancestral y el deseo de renovación.

A questão do exílio é um tema global onipresente. Resultado de múltiplos fatores, ele se insinua em eventos que afetam o cotidiano das pessoas e o desenvolvimento dos países. Indo além da política, uma leitura psicológica nos permite refletir sobre seu impacto, não apenas no indivíduo ou grupo, mas também em relação à família exilada. O conceito de família mítica ou arquetípica poderia nos ajudar a esclarecer o que emerge do contato entre duas comunidades e os desafios do seu encontro. O estudo de um caso específico - famílias portuguesas, em adaptação à vida na região francófona da Suíça - revela um padrão reproduzido em outros lugares, embora separado no tempo e no espaço. O choque cultural trazido pela aproximação de dinâmicas tão distintas, resulta em um quadro de resistência psicológica em ambos os lados, elevando a um prognóstico negativo quanto à sua integração cultural. O trabalho analítico com crianças e adolescentes exilados nos permite vislumbrar como esse tema se entrelaça com as psicologias pessoais, apontando para sua solução criativa através da resolução de conflitos e abertura à diversidade protagonizada pelas novas gerações. São elas que se encontram abertas aos valores multiculturais, mostrando simultaneamente respeito à ancestralidade e desejo de renovação.

Characterizing a novel hyposialylated erythropoietin by intact glycoprotein and glycan analysis.

NeuroEPO plus is a recently developed recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) without erythropoietic activity and shorter plasma half-life due to its low sialic acid content. This novel rhEPO product is under investigation as therapeutic protein in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases owing to its neuroprotective and neurodegenerative properties. In this study, an in-depth characterization of NeuroEPO plus N-glycans was performed by a glycan isotope [12C6]/[13C6] coded aniline labeling strategy followed by capillary zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (CapZIC-HILIC-MS). A superior amount of low sialylated glycans and less branched structures were detected in NeuroEPO plus compare to other commercial rhEPOs. At the intact glycoprotein level, NeuroEPO plus glycoforms were separated by capillary zone electrophoresis with ultraviolet detection (CE-UV), optimizing the composition and pH of the separation electrolyte. Moreover, an isoelectric focusing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (IEF-PAGE) method was also optimized for the simultaneous analysis of this basic rhEPO and conventional acidic rhEPO products. The proposed glycomic and intact glycoprotein methods provide a robust and reliable analytical platform for NeuroEPO plus characterization and for its future implementation as biopharmaceutical in neurodegenerative diseases.

Plastic recycling and their use as raw material for the synthesis of carbonaceous materials.

Pollution by polymeric materials - in particular plastics - has a negative effect on the health of our planet. Approximately 4.9 billion tons of plastic are estimated to have been improperly disposed of, with the environment as their final destination. This scenario comes from a linear economic system, extraction-production-consumption and finally disposal. The alarming panorama has created the need to find technological solutions that generate new uses for discarded polymeric materials or turn them into part of the production process to produce new and novel materials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, or other carbonaceous materials of high added value, modifying the economy for a circular and sustainable production model. This review highlights the negative impact that the disposal of plastic materials has on the environment and the research needs that allow solving the pollution problems generated in the environment by these wastes. Also, the review highlights the current and future directions of recovery plastic waste research-based to promote innovations in the plastic production sector that could allow obtaining breakpoints in other industrial sectors with the technology-based companies.

Experimental analysis and numerical simulations of the mechanical properties of a (Ce,Y)-TZP/Al2O3/H6A ceramic composite containing coupled toughening mechanisms.

OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the simulation of the mechanical behavior of a bioceramic composite based on (Ce,Y)-TZP reinforced with equiaxed Al2O3 and platelet-shaped hexaaluminate (H6A) grains using Finit Element Method (FEM). METHODS: A commercial (Ce, Y)-TZP/Al2O3 ceramic powder was compacted into disc-shaped specimens that were sintered at 1500 °C for 2 h. The sintered samples were further subjected to hydrothermal degradation in an autoclave at 134 °C, 0.2 MPa, for 10 h and characterized according to their phase composition, microstructure, and relative density. Their flexural strength values were determined by the piston-on-three-ball test, and Weibull statistics was used to evaluate the results. Their hardness, fracture toughness and elastic parameters were also measured. Numerical simulations of the biaxial strength test were performed using the ABAQUS finite element code. RESULTS: The sintered ceramic composite material presented relative density >99%, high resistance to hydrothermal degradation, average hardness of 1435 ± 35 HV, fracture toughness KIC of 9.7 ± 0.5 MPa m1/2, and average biaxial flexural strength of 952.6 ± 88 MPa. The numerical predictions of the biaxial flexural strength showed a consistently lower average biaxial flexural strength value of 880.9 MPa, ∼10% lower than the average experimental results. CONCLUSIONS: The differences observed are attributed to the complex coupled toughness mechanisms of this material, not included in the finite element simulations.

Modelling diagnostics for Echinococcus granulosus surveillance in sheep using Latent Class Analysis: Argentina as a case study.

Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato is a globally prevalent zoonotic parasitic cestode leading to cystic echinococcosis (CE) in both humans and sheep with both medical and financial impacts, whose reduction requires the application of a One Health approach to its control. Regarding the animal health component of this approach, lack of accurate and practical diagnostics in livestock impedes the assessment of disease burden and the implementation and evaluation of control strategies. We use of a Bayesian Latent Class Analysis (LCA) model to estimate ovine CE prevalence in sheep samples from the Río Negro province of Argentina accounting for uncertainty in the diagnostics. We use model outputs to evaluate the performance of a novel recombinant B8/2 antigen B subunit (rEgAgB8/2) indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting E. granulosus in sheep. Necropsy (as a partial gold standard), western blot (WB) and ELISA diagnostic data were collected from 79 sheep within two Río Negro slaughterhouses, and used to estimate individual infection status (assigned as a latent variable within the model). Using the model outputs, the performance of the novel ELISA at both individual and flock levels was evaluated, respectively, using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and simulating a range of sample sizes and prevalence levels within hypothetical flocks. The estimated (mean) prevalence of ovine CE was 27.5% (95%Bayesian credible interval (95%BCI): 13.8%-58.9%) within the sample population. At the individual level, the ELISA had a mean sensitivity and specificity of 55% (95%BCI: 46%-68%) and 68% (95%BCI: 63%-92%), respectively, at an optimal optical density (OD) threshold of 0.378. At the flock level, the ELISA had an 80% probability of correctly classifying infection at an optimal cut-off threshold of 0.496. These results suggest that the novel ELISA could play a useful role as a flock-level diagnostic for CE surveillance in the region, supplementing surveillance activities in the human population and thus strengthening a One Health approach. Importantly, selection of ELISA cut-off threshold values must be tailored according to the epidemiological situation.

Causa rara de parada cardíaca: um caso de extensa dissecção espontânea da artéria coronária esquerda / A rare cause of cardiac arrest: a case of an extensive left coronary artery spontaneous dissection

Um homem de 28 anos com história pregressa de abuso de drogas foi encaminhado para coronariografia de emergência após parada cardíaca. O eletrocardiograma pós-ressuscitação mostrou elevação do segmento ST em V1-V4. A angiografia mostrou dissecção espontânea da artéria coronária, multiarterial e em diversos segmentos. Devido à instabilidade clínica, o paciente foi submetido à intervenção coronária percutânea da artéria descendente anterior. A prevalência da dissecção espontânea da artéria coronária como causa de síndrome coronariana aguda em homens é infrequente. No entanto, nos casos suspeitos, ela deve ser excluída. A parada cardiorrespiratória é um quadro incomum na dissecção espontânea da artéria coronária, e a intervenção coronária percutânea como modalidade terapêutica ainda é uma questão em debate.

A 28-year-old male with a previous history of drug abuse was sent to an emergent coronary angiography, after a cardiac arrest, with a post-resuscitation eletrocardiogram showing ST- segment elevation from V1-V4. Angiography showed multivessel and multisegment spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Due to clinical instability, patient underwent left anterior descending artery percutaneous coronary intervention. Prevalence of spontaneous coronary artery dissection as the cause of acute coronary syndrome is anecdotal in men. Yet, in the right scenarios as in this case, it must be ruled out. Cardiorespiratory arrest is an uncommon presentation of spontaneous coronary artery dissection and percutaneous coronary intervention in spontaneous coronary artery dissection is still a matter of debate.

Temporal trends in the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases in the public healthcare system in Brazil: A large population-based study.

Background: Population-based data on epidemiology of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) in Brazil are scarce. This study aims to define temporal trends of incidence and prevalence rates of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in Brazil. Methods: All IBD patients from the public healthcare national system were included from January 2012 to December 2020. Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using log-linear regression for incidence and binomial regression for prevalence. Moran's I autocorrelation index was used to analyse clustering of cities by level of prevalence. Findings: A total of 212,026 IBD patients were included. Incidence of IBD rose from 9.4 in 2012 to 9.6 per 100,000 in 2020 (AAPC=0.8%; 95% CI -0.37, 1.99); for UC, incidence increased from 5.7 to 6.9 per 100,000 (AAPC=3.0%; 95% CI 1.51, 4.58) and for CD incidence decreased from 3.7 to 2.7 per 100,000 (AAPC=-3.2%; 95% CI -4.45, -2.02). Prevalence of IBD increased from 30.0 in 2012 to 100.1 per 100,000 in 2020 (AAPC=14.8%; CI 14.78-14.95); for UC, from 15.7 to 56.5 per 100,000 (AAPC=16.0%; CI 15.94, 16.17); for CD from 12.6 to 33.7 per 100,000 (AAPC=12.1% CI 11.95, 12.02). A south-north gradient was observed in 2020 prevalence rates of IBD [I=0.40 (p<0.0001)], CD [I=0.22 (p<0.0001)] and UC [I=0.42 (p<0.0001)]. Interpretation: Incidence of CD is decreasing whereas of UC is increasing, leading to stabilization in the incidence of IBD from 2012 to 2020 in Brazil. Prevalence of IBD has been climbing with 0.1% of Brazilians living with IBD in 2020. Funding: None.