ABSTRACT
Resumo: Buscou-se, neste artigo, questionar o freudismo autodeclarado de Lacan na Conferência de Caracas com base na identificação de um equívoco de transcrição dessa conferência. Demonstrou-se que, por estar em total desconformidade com o que foi desenvolvido nessa ocasião como um todo, esse equívoco de transcrição não faz outra coisa que evidenciar, ao invés de esconder, a oposição de Lacan a Freud, manifesta nos adjetivos jocosos atribuídos por Lacan à segunda tópica freudiana, legado de Freud que Lacan não compartilha. Demonstrou-se que a filiação de Lacan a Freud faz parte de um projeto rigoroso de revisão crítica por meio do qual Lacan submete os conceitos e articulações propostos por Freud ao que chamou, em 1954, de "método dos comentários", relativo a uma recusa inicial de compreender as formulações freudianas, pela qual, segundo Lacan, empurra-se a porta da compreensão analítica. Por essa razão, propomos, neste trabalho, que Lacan não recusaria a alcunha de ser "apenas" um comentador de Freud. Ao final, o que ficará evidente não é propriamente o tipo de freudismo reivindicado por Lacan, mas aquele que é negado por ele, que, por sua vez, é denegado pela edição da Conferência de Caracas analisada neste trabalho.
L'« étrange ¼ freudisme autoproclamé de Lacan à Caracas : Lacan, juste un commentateur de Freud:Cet article cherche à interroger le freudisme autoproclamé de Lacan dans la Conférence de Caracas à partir de l'identification d'une erreur dans la transcription de cette conférence. On y démontre qu'étant en total désaccord avec ce qui se développait à cette occasion dans son ensemble, cette erreur de transcription ne fait que souligner, plutôt que masquer, l'opposition de Lacan à Freud, manifestée dans les adjectifs moqueurs attribués par Lacan à la seconde topique freudienne, héritage de Freud que Lacan ne partage pas. Ainsi, la démonstration est faite également que l'affiliation de Lacan à Freud s'inscrit dans un projet rigoureux de revue critique à travers lequel Lacan soumet les concepts et articulations proposés par Freud à ce qu'il a appelé, en 1954, la « méthode des commentaires ¼, concernant un refus initial de comprendre les formulations freudiennes, par laquelle, selon Lacan, la porte de la compréhension analytique est poussée. Pour cette raison, nous proposons, dans cet ouvrage, que Lacan ne refuserait pas l'épithète de n'être « que ¼ un commentateur de Freud. À la fin, ce qui deviendra évident, ce n'est pas exactement le type de freudisme revendiqué par Lacan, mais celui qui est nié par lui, ce qui, à son tour, est nié par l'édition de la Conférence de Caracas analysée dans cet ouvrage.
The "strange" Lacan's self-declared Freudianism in the Caracas: Lacan, only a commentator on Freud:This article seeks to question Lacan's self-declared Freudianism in the Caracas Conference based on the identification of a mistake in the transcription of that conference. It was shown that, as it was in total disagreement with what was developed on that occasion as a whole, this mistaken transcription does nothing more than highlight, rather than hide, Lacan's opposition to Freud, manifested in the jocular adjectives attributed by Lacan to the second Freudian topic, a legacy of Freud that Lacan does not share. It was demonstrated that Lacan's affiliation with Freud is part of a rigorous project of critical review through which Lacan submits the concepts and articulations proposed by Freud to what he called, in 1954, the "method of comments", relating to a first refusal to understand Freud's formulations, which, according to Lacan, pushes the door to analytical understanding. For this reason, we propose, in this work, that Lacan would not refuse the epithet of being "only" a commentator on Freud. In the end, what will become evident is not exactly the type of Freudianism claimed by Lacan, but that which is denied by him, which, in turn, is denied by the edition of the Caracas Conference analyzed in this work.
Subject(s)
Psychoanalysis , Psychoanalytic Theory , Congresses as TopicABSTRACT
Abstract The purpose of this study was to find the association between receiving negative parental weight and shape comments, and the presence of disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) in young adults. A systematic review was conducted answering the following PECO question: Population / young adults; Exposure / negative comments, criticism or teasing about weight and shape by parents; Comparison groups / not applicable; and Outcome / DEBs. Due to the use of different statistical measurements, a narrative was chosen to present the results. An association between negative comments and DEBs was found in male and female university students. Women reported more negative comments, higher body dissatisfaction and DEBs than men. Body dissatisfaction was found as a mediator of negative comments and DEBs, and sex as a moderator between body dissatisfaction and DEBs. The results have implications for the influence social pressure has on the internalization of the thin-ideal and on body dissatisfaction as risk factors for the development of disordered eating behaviours.
Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar la asociación entre ser receptor de comentarios negativos paternos acerca del peso y la figura corporal, y la presencia de conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR) en adultos jóvenes. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática respondiendo a la pregunta PECO siguiente: Población / adultos jóvenes; Exposición / comentarios negativos, críticas o ridiculización por parte de los padres por el peso y la figura corporal; Comparación / no aplicó; y Resultado / CAR. Debido a las diferentes medidas estadísticas utilizadas, se eligió un formato narrativo para presentar los resultados. Estos indicaron asociación entre los comentarios negativos paternos y las CAR en hombres y mujeres estudiantes universitarios. Las mujeres reportaron recibir más comentarios negativos, así como presentar mayor insatisfacción corporal y CAR que los hombres. Entre los comentarios negativos y las CAR se encontró como mediadora a la imagen corporal, y al sexo como un moderador entre la insatisfacción corporal y las CAR. Los resultados tienen implicaciones acerca de la influencia de la presión sociocultural en la interiorización del ideal estético de delgadez y de la insatisfacción corporal como factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de CAR.
ABSTRACT
Facebook is one of the main communication tools in the world nowadays. In Brazil, it is used for almost half of the population. Knowing what is conveyed about cancer by this social network can be an important step for the development of efficient health communication strategies. We evaluate Facebook user's comments on pages about cancer; verify if there is a pattern of public awareness on the disease and compare it with results from other studies. Three pages about cancer on Facebook were selected among those with more followers in Brazil. For 6 months, from January to June 2014, all posts were selected and evaluated, and we created eight categories. On each page, the categories that generated most comments were elected for the second analysis. The behavior of empowered citizens by new communication tools is the target of this study. Similarities and differences between 12,926 comments coming from 1243 posts in three different Facebook pages on cancer were analyzed. Four new categories were identified: "religion," "positive," "negative," and "information." Despite the differences among the three pages selected for this study, we observed the predominance of positive speeches associated with religious terms. Following public perceptions on cancer is an important step for the development of efficient health communication strategies.
Subject(s)
Health Communication/methods , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Information Dissemination , Neoplasms/psychology , Social Media/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Humans , Neoplasms/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Diversos estudios han caracterizado la tesis como producto escrito. Sin embargo, es necesario avanzar en el conocimiento de cómo se gesta gradualmente dicho género académico. Con este propósito, en este artículo se presenta una investigación fenomenológica sobre el rol de los comentarios escritos en el proceso de elaboración de la tesis. El estudio se basó en entrevistas en profundidad a cinco directores de tesis y seis estudiantes tesistas de carreras de Pedagogía, pertenecientes a dos universidades de la ciudad de Concepción (Chile). El análisis revela que los comentarios del docente forman parte de un circuito de retroalimentación de carácter dialógico, orientado a que el escrito de los estudiantes se ajuste al género tesis, lo que es valorado por todos los participantes.
The characterization of the thesis as a written product has been the contribution of several studies. However, progress is needed in understanding how this academic genre has been gradually generated. In this regard, it is known that the elaboration of a thesis involves an academic expert who guides and directs a novice writer or a group of them through various forms of feedback. This article focuses on the written comments in order to understand their roles in the process of elaboration of a thesis, from the perspective of those participants. With this objective, a phenomenological research was implemented based on in-depth interviews to 5 thesis supervisors and 6 thesis students in the process of obtaining their academic degrees of Bachelor in Education in Teaching Programs in two universities in Concepción (Chile). The analysis shows that supervisors' comments are part of a feedback circle oriented to adjusting students' writing to the thesis genre, which is valued by all participants.
ABSTRACT
O principal objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se há diferenças nos comentários de um treinador de futebol amador direcionados a atletas em treino e competição. Participou da pesquisa um professor de educação física, que é treinador de uma escolinha de futebol. Com um gravador MP4 foram gravados quatro treinos e dois jogos. Os comentários do treinador foram transcritos e categorizados de acordo com duas grandes categorias de análise: Negativa, que se subdivide em Corretiva e Irônico-repressiva e Positiva, que se subdivide em Reforçadora, Motivadora e Instrucional. Os resultados apontam que a categoria Instrucional ocorre com maior frequência em ambas as situações de análise. Os dados indicam, no entanto, uma diferença na frequência total de comentários. A frequência total de comentários foi maior durante ambos os jogos em comparação aos treinos precedentes. Além disto, a ocorrência de comentários reforçadores é pouco frequente, fato que pode ter implicações no aprendizado dos alunos/jogadores.(AU)
The primary objective of this paper was to verify if there were differences in an amateur soccer coach comments targeted to athletes in training and competition situations. The behavior of a physical education teacher coaching an amateur soccer team was recorded, with a MP4 device. Coaching comments were recorded during two games and four training situations. Further, these comments were transcribed and categorized in two main categories: Negative, which is subdivided into Corrective and Ironic-Repressive comments, and Positive, which is subdivided into Reinforcing, Motivating and Instructional comments. The results indicated that the Instructional category occurred more frequently in both analysis conditions. The data shows, however, differences in the overall frequency of comments. The overall comments frequency were higher during both games than during the previous trainings situations. Furthermore, the occurrence of reinforcing feedback is infrequent, which may have implications for the students/players learning.(AU)
Subject(s)
Psychology, Experimental/methods , Athletic Performance/psychologyABSTRACT
O principal objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se há diferenças nos comentários de um treinador de futebol amador direcionados a atletas em treino e competição. Participou da pesquisa um professor de educação física, que é treinador de uma escolinha de futebol. Com um gravador MP4 foram gravados quatro treinos e dois jogos. Os comentários do treinador foram transcritos e categorizados de acordo com duas grandes categorias de análise: Negativa, que se subdivide em Corretiva e Irônico-repressiva e Positiva, que se subdivide em Reforçadora, Motivadora e Instrucional. Os resultados apontam que a categoria Instrucional ocorre com maior frequência em ambas as situações de análise. Os dados indicam, no entanto, uma diferença na frequência total de comentários. A frequência total de comentários foi maior durante ambos os jogos em comparação aos treinos precedentes. Além disto, a ocorrência de comentários reforçadores é pouco frequente, fato que pode ter implicações no aprendizado dos alunos/jogadores.
The primary objective of this paper was to verify if there were differences in an amateur soccer coach comments targeted to athletes in training and competition situations. The behavior of a physical education teacher coaching an amateur soccer team was recorded, with a MP4 device. Coaching comments were recorded during two games and four training situations. Further, these comments were transcribed and categorized in two main categories: Negative, which is subdivided into Corrective and Ironic-Repressive comments, and Positive, which is subdivided into Reinforcing, Motivating and Instructional comments. The results indicated that the Instructional category occurred more frequently in both analysis conditions. The data shows, however, differences in the overall frequency of comments. The overall comments frequency were higher during both games than during the previous trainings situations. Furthermore, the occurrence of reinforcing feedback is infrequent, which may have implications for the students/players learning.