Revisión bibliográfica sobre la relación entre la actividad física y la Responsabilidad del Modelo de los Cinco Factores / Literature review on the relationship between physical activity and the Conscientiousness of the Five Factor Model

Este trabajo se propone presentar una revisión bibliográfica que aborda el entrecruzamiento del rasgo Responsabilidad y la práctica de actividad física (AF) y deportiva. Se efectuó una búsqueda en cinco bases de datos y se hallaron 425 artículos publicados entre 1995-2023. Los resultados se sistematizaron en cinco categorías conceptuales que analizan: a) la relación entre Responsabilidad y diferentes formas de AF, b) la combinación de Responsabilidad con otros rasgos para describir la práctica de AF, c) la asociación de las facetas de Responsabilidad con AF, d) la Responsabilidad en el perfil de deportistas y e) las intervenciones que se enfocan en la modificación de los niveles de Responsabilidad o AF basándose en la influencia mutua de ambos constructos. Se espera que este trabajo contribuya en el desarrollo de futuras intervenciones sobre la Responsabilidad para alcanzar niveles de AF con parámetros saludables AU

This workintends to present a literature review that addresses the intertwining of the trait Conscientiousnessand the practice of physical activity (PA) and sports. A search was carried out in five databases and 425 articles published between 1995-2023 were found.The results were systematized in five conceptual categories that analyze: a) the relationship between Conscientiousnessand different forms of PA, b) the combination of Conscientiousnesswith other traits to describe PA practice, c) the association of thefacets of Conscientiousnesswith PA, d) Conscientiousnessin the profile of athletes and e) interventions that focus on modifying the levels of Conscientiousnessor PA based on the mutual influence of both constructs. It is expected that this work will contribute to the development of future interventions on Conscientiousnessto achieve PA levels with healthy parameters AU

Measuring conscientiousness in Brazil and disentangling its relationships with subjective well-being, and academic involvement.

Abstract: Providing a valid and reliable measure of conscientiousness constitutes a worthwhile endeavor to allow research and intervention in Brazil. This study aimed to adapt the Chernyshenko Conscientiousness Scales (CCS) into Brazilian Portuguese, evaluate their psychometric properties, and investigate the relationship between conscientiousness and academic involvement, taking into account the possible confound effect of subjective well-being (SWB). Two samples were studied to cross-validate the CCS's internal structure. Participants were university students (N1 = 332, N2 = 684) who answered the CCS and measures of SWB and academic involvement. Exploratory factor analysis showed that the CCS presented a five-factor solution corresponding to the previously replicated facets of industriousness, orderliness, self-control, traditionalism, and virtue. Most facets related positively to life satisfaction, positive affect, and involvement in academic activities, and negatively to negative affect. A structural model indicated strong associations of conscientiousness with SWB and academic engagement, suggesting more conscious students are happier and engage more in academic tasks. These results support the use of the CCS in Brazil. Trial registration number and date of registration: 32732820.6.0000.5334, July 8th, 2020. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-022-03552-7.

The mediating effect of conscientiousness on the academic consequences of social jetlag.

Social jetlag (SJL) causes impairment of academic achievement; on the other hand, the personality factor of conscientiousness is related to better grades. We evaluated the impact of conscientiousness on the academic consequences of social jetlag. Undergraduate students (n = 556) were evaluated throughout their first 3 years of university education. Conscientiousness, as a mediating factor in the structural equation modeling, explained 20% of the effect of SJL on academic achievement. This is the first cohort study to evaluate the mediating effect of personality on the consequences of SJL.

Beyond the Categorical Distinction Between Borderline Personality Disorder and Bipolar II Disorder Through the Identification of Personality Traits Profiles.

BACKGROUND: The relationship between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and type-II bipolar disorder (BDII) is not clearly understood. Nevertheless, in clinical practice and research, most efforts focus on establishing a categorical distinction between the two. We propose using personality traits as a more informative strategy to describe them. METHODS: Five-Factor Model personality traits were measured in 73 individuals with either BPD or BDII. Latent class cluster analysis was applied to the sample. RESULTS: A three-cluster model resulted the best fit to the data, where all clusters had high neuroticism and low extraversion scores but differed widely on the other traits. The clusters' boundaries did not match the categorical diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our sample showed significant heterogeneity on personality traits, which can have a relevant effect on the outcome of each disorder and that was not captured by the categorical diagnosis. Thus, we advocate for a multivariate approach as a better way to understand the relationship between BPD and BDII.

Predictive factors of treatment adherence in cancer outpatients.

OBJECTIVE: Identify which variables are predictors of treatment adherence in cancer patients. METHODS: Two hundred twenty cancer outpatients were evaluated by the following instruments: questionnaire on sociodemographic and clinical data, NEO-FFI Personality Inventory Revised (NEO-FFI-R), Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), patient's knowledge about cancer disease questionnaire, and Adherence Determinants Questionnaire (ADQ). A logistic regression analysis was applied to verify the predictive power of the variables, and network analyses were conducted through the qgraph package. RESULTS: The sample was composed of 138 (62.7%) women and 82 (37.3%) men. The mean age of participants was 54.66 (SD = 13.30), and the education level mean was 8.32 (DP = 3.76) years of study. Powerful others locus of control (LOC) and the personality factors conscientiousness and agreeableness are presented as predictors of high treatment adherence. The variable family cancer history, on the other hand, was a predictor of lower adherence levels. CONCLUSIONS: The powerful others LOC may be connected with more trust and dependence in the health team, leading to better adherence. Specific characteristics of personality factors can help individuals to cooperate with their caregivers and to follow medical orders. The evaluated factors are interrelated and should be taken into account by health professionals when developing interventions to modify health-related behaviors and treatment adherence.

Toxidrome sedante versus enfermedad cerebrovascular: a propósito de un caso / Sedative toxidrome versus cerebrovascular disease: A case report / Toxidrome sedante versus doença cerebrovascular: a propósito de um caso

Describimos el caso de una paciente femenina con signos y síntomas iniciales poco específicos, con alteración en el estado de conciencia. Se sospechó posible intoxicación, por nexo causal, probablemente por amitraz versus benzodiacepinas, sin embargo, sin confirmación de este. La paciente tenía alteración del sistema nervioso central con síntomas sugestivos de síndrome neurovascular, con posible compromiso de circulación posterior. La importancia de este caso es resaltar el amplio espectro de presentación clínica de las enfermedades neurológicas, la importancia de realizar diagnósticos diferenciales considerando los síntomas camaleónicos del accidente cerebrovascular, al igual que los "mimics stroke" y realizar enfoques clínicos integrales.

Description of the case of a female patient that presented non-specific initial signs and symptoms, with altered mental status, suggestive signs of neuro-vascular syndrome, and compromise of posterior circulation. Possible intoxication with amitraz or benzodiazepines was considered due to personal history and family reports. Given the chameleonic nature of the symptoms of cerebrovascular accidents and stroke mimics, this clinical case exposes the importance of a comprehensive approach and evaluation of possible differential diagnoses of neurological diseases.

Descrevemos o caso de uma paciente feminina com signos e sintomas iniciais pouco específicos, com alteração no estado de consciência. Se suspeitou possível intoxicação, por nexo causal, provavelmente por amitraz versus benzodiacepinas, mas, sem confirmação deste. A paciente tinha alteração do sistema nervoso central com sintomas sugestivos de síndrome neurovascular, com possível compromisso de circulação posterior. A importância deste caso é ressaltar o amplo espectro de apresentação clínica das doenças neurológicas, a importância de realizar diagnósticos diferenciais considerando os sintomas camaleónicos do acidente cerebrovascular, da mesma forma que os "mimics stroke" e realizar enfoques clínicos integrais.

The association between personality traits and body mass index varies with nativity among individuals of Mexican origin.

Personality traits have been associated consistently with health-related outcomes, but less is known about how aspects of the sociocultural environment modify these associations. This study uses a sample of participants of Mexican origin (N = 1013) to test whether exposure to the United States, indexed by nativity (Mexicans living in Mexico, foreign-born Mexican Americans, and U.S.-born Mexican Americans), moderates the association between personality traits and body mass index (BMI). Higher Conscientiousness was associated with lower BMI, regardless of nativity. In contrast, the association between Neuroticism and BMI was moderated by exposure to the U.S.: Neuroticism was associated with higher BMI among U.S.-born Mexican Americans (partial r = .15) but not among Mexican participants (partial r = .00), an effect strongest and most robust for the impulsivity facet of Neuroticism. This finding suggests that with more exposure to the United States, those who are more emotionally impulsive are at greater risk for obesity. More broadly, these findings suggest that social and psychological vulnerabilities interact to contribute to health outcomes.

Revisão da Dimensão Conscienciosidade do Inventário Dimensional Clínico da Personalidade / Revision of the Conscientiousness Dimension of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory / Revisión de la dimensión Escrupulosidad del Inventario Dimensional Clínico de la Personalidad

O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar a dimensão Conscienciosidade do Inventário Dimensional Clínico da Personalidade (IDCP). O estudo foi dividido em seis etapas, desde a revisão da literatura e seleção dos construtos relevantes, até a operacionalização dos construtos e seleção final de novos itens para aplicação. Para a revisão da dimensão, foram consideradas a proposta para a quinta edição do Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico dos Transtornos Mentais (DSM-5) e o Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), o modelo SWAP e o modelo de Anna Clark. Com base nisso, como resultado, um conjunto de 34 novos itens foi estabelecido na etapa final. Estudos futuros devem buscar investigar as propriedades psicométricas da dimensão revisada, tendo como expectativa índices de fidedignidade por consistência interna mais altos e itens mais patológicos em comparação à dimensão original.

The aim of this study was to review the Conscientiousness dimension of the Dimensional Clinical Inventory (DCPI). The study was divided into six stages, from literature review and selection of relevant constructs, to the operationalization of the constructs and final selection of new items for application. For the dimension review, we considered the proposal (section 3) for the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), the SWAP model and model of Anna Clark. Based on this, as a result, a new set of 34 items was established as a final step. Future studies should seek to investigate the psychometric properties of the revised dimension, expecting higher reliability indices for internal consistency and more pathological items compared to the original dimension.

El objetivo de este estudio fue revisar la dimensión Escrupolosidad del Inventario Dimensional Clínico de la Personalidad (IDCP). El estudio se divide en seis etapas, desde la revisión de la literatura y la selección de los constructos pertinentes, a la operacionalización de los constructos y selección final de los nuevos items para su aplicación. Para la revisión de la dimensión, se consideró la propuesta (sección 3) de la quinta edición del Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales (DSM-5) y el Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), el modelo SWAP y el modelo de Anna Clark. Basado en esto, como resultado, se estableció un conjunto de 34 nuevos items como paso final. Los estudios futuros deben tratar de investigar las propiedades psicométricas de la dimensión revisada, esperando más altos índices de confiabilidad de consistencia interna y items más patológicas en comparación con la dimensión original.

Estudo empírico sobre a eficácia negocial de conflitos em ambiente escolar / Empirical study on the effectiveness of conflict negotiation in a school environment

Nas sociedades contemporâneas, os processos de negociação têm vindo a assumir um relevo crucial na gestão dos mais diferentes conflitos que se desenvolvem nos distintos níveis da realidade social. Os sujeitos que integram o complexo processo negocial exprimem um conjunto único de características individuais que podem perturbar o modo e a efetividade da sua atuação. Este estudo tem como finalidade determinar se a Conscienciosidade, como fator da personalidade, bem como as variáveis sociodemográficas Sexo, Idade e Ano de escolaridade são relevantes na explicação da Eficácia Negocial. A amostra é constituída por 407 alunos do Ensino Secundário de uma escola do centro do Porto, Portugal. Foi utilizado o NEO-PI-R para avaliar a Concienciosidade e o QENCE para avaliar a Eficácia Negocial de Conflitos na Escola. Os resultados sugerem que a Conscienciosidade e as variáveis exógenas em estudo são essenciais para o entendimento da eficácia condutual dos negociadores

Personalidade e religiosidade/espiritualidade (R/E): [revisão] / Personality and religiousness/spirituality (R/E): [review]

CONTEXTO: Embora existam muitos estudos relacionando o contexto religioso com a saúde física e mental, há poucas pesquisas sobre a interface entre religiosidade/espiritualidade (R/E) e personalidade. OBJETIVOS: O objetivo principal foi revisar as evidências empíricas de investigações sobre a relação entre religiosidade, espiritualidade e personalidade. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um levantamento da produção acadêmica por meio das bases de dados virtuais: PubMed e PsychInfo, com artigos indexados até janeiro de 2008 e utilizando as combinações: "personality and spiritu*" e "personality and religio*" Além disso, foram pesquisados os artigos presentes em uma metanálise sobre o tema. RESULTADOS: Alta Religiosidade está associada a baixo Psicoticismo e a alta Amabilidade e Conscienciosidade. Conscienciosidade em adolescentes pode ser um preditor significante para a maior religiosidade na adultez jovem. E a dimensão de Religiosidade é mais provável candidata a residir além dos cinco grandes fatores de personalidade. CONCLUSÃO: A crença em uma dimensão de Religiosidade, em uma realidade transcendente ou em um Deus pessoal, em alguns casos, parece não possuir correspondências entre quaisquer dos cinco fatores de personalidade. Isso parece indicar que a R/E seja um potencial sexto fator de personalidade que não está presente nos modelos de personalidade atuais.

BACKGROUND: Although there are many studies linking the religious context with fisical and mental health, there is little research on the interface between religiousness/spirituality and personality. OBJECTIVES: The main goal was to review the empirical research on the relationship between religiosity, spirituality and personality. METHODS: A survey of the academic production through virtual databases: PubMed and PsychInfo, published until January of 2008 and using the combinations: "personality and spiritu*" and "personality and religio*" was conducted, in addition to articles presented in a meta-analysis about the subject. RESULTS: High Religiousness is associated with low Psychoticism and high Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Conscientiousness in adolescents can be a significant predictor for the higher religiosity in the early adulthood. And the dimension of Religiosity seems to be a potentially candidate to be beyond the Big Five. DISCUSSION: The belief in a dimension of Religiosity, in a transcendent reality or in a personal God, in some cases, does not seem to show associations between any of the five factors of personality. This can indicate that the R/E is a potential sixth factor of personality that is not present in the current models of personality.