Data recording of seizures in children with autism spectrum disorder: description and social validation of computer-assisted measurement.

Some children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience seizures and associated staring episodes, loss of consciousness, weakened muscle tone, and myoclonic jerking. Data recording of seizure frequency, duration, and co-occurring behavior is necessary to document the effects of anti-epileptic medications, identify contextual influences on seizure expression, and differentiate seizures from other movement disorders. We describe the design and operation of a computer-assisted system for recording seizures among children with ASD in a social validity study that revealed uniform approval and acceptance of the system from practitioners, clinicians, and nurse (N = 22), parents (N = 11), and neurologists (N = 7). The objectives and benefits of targeting the social validity of technology-based seizure tracking are discussed are discussed.

The implementation of a multidisciplinary, electronic health record embedded care pathway to improve structured data recording and decrease electronic health record burden.

INTRODUCTION: Theoretically, the added value of electronic health records (EHRs) is extensive. Reusable data capture in EHRs could lead to major improvements in quality measurement, scientific research, and decision support. To achieve these goals, structured and standardized recording of healthcare data is a prerequisite. However, time spent on EHRs by physicians is already high. This study evaluated the effect of implementing an EHR embedded care pathway with structured data recording on the EHR burden of physicians. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Before and six months after implementation, consultations were recorded and analyzed with video-analytic software. Main outcome measures were time spent on specific tasks within the EHR, total consultation duration, and usability indicators such as required mouse clicks and keystrokes. Additionally, a validated questionnaire was completed twice to evaluate changes in physician perception of EHR system factors and documentation process factors. RESULTS: Total EHR time in initial oncology consultations was significantly reduced by 3.7 min, a 27 % decrease. In contrast, although a decrease of 13 % in consultation duration was observed, no significant effect on EHR time was found in follow-up consultations. Additionally, perceptions of physicians regarding the EHR and documentation improved significantly. DISCUSSION: Our results have shown that it is possible to achieve structured data capture while simultaneously reducing the EHR burden, which is a decisive factor in end-user acceptance of documentation systems. Proper alignment of structured documentation with workflows is critical for success. CONCLUSION: Implementing an EHR embedded care pathway with structured documentation led to decreased EHR burden.

Livestock phenomics and genetic evaluation approaches in Africa: current state and future perspectives.

The African livestock sector plays a key role in improving the livelihoods of people through the supply of food, improved nutrition and consequently health. However, its impact on the economy of the people and contribution to national GDP is highly variable and generally below its potential. This study was conducted to assess the current state of livestock phenomics and genetic evaluation methods being used across the continent, the main challenges, and to demonstrate the effects of various genetic models on the accuracy and rate of genetic gain that could be achieved. An online survey of livestock experts, academics, scientists, national focal points for animal genetic resources, policymakers, extension agents and animal breeding industry was conducted in 38 African countries. The results revealed 1) limited national livestock identification and data recording systems, 2) limited data on livestock production and health traits and genomic information, 3) mass selection was the common method used for genetic improvement with very limited application of genetic and genomic-based selection and evaluation, 4) limited human capacity, infrastructure, and funding for livestock genetic improvement programmes, as well as enabling animal breeding policies. A joint genetic evaluation of Holstein-Friesian using pooled data from Kenya and South Africa was piloted. The pilot analysis yielded higher accuracy of prediction of breeding values, pointing to possibility of higher genetic gains that could be achieved and demonstrating the potential power of multi-country evaluations: Kenya benefited on the 305-days milk yield and the age at first calving and South Africa on the age at first calving and the first calving interval. The findings from this study will help in developing harmonized protocols for animal identification, livestock data recording, and genetic evaluations (both national and across-countries) as well as in designing subsequent capacity building and training programmes for animal breeders and livestock farmers in Africa. National governments need to put in place enabling policies, the necessary infrastructure and funding for national and across country collaborations for a joint genetic evaluation which will revolutionize the livestock genetic improvement in Africa.

On-Site Visualization of Ballistocardiography Data.

We describe the background, features and functions of a custom application for the acquisition, live presentation, and convenient recording of ballistocardiography data acquired by external accelerometric sensors.

Percepción sobre uso de fisiología en el proceso enfermero / Perception of using physiology in the nursing process / Percepção sobre o uso de fisiologia no processo enfermeiro

Introducción: el ejercicio de la enfermería requiere conocimiento integral del funcionamiento del cuerpo humano, por lo cual es imprescindible el aprendizaje de fisiología humana dentro del proceso formativo de grado. El proceso enfermero, herramienta para la práctica profesional sistemática, dinámica y oportuna basado en el método científico, constituye el eje organizador del currículo de la Licenciatura en Enfermería en la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (Corrientes, Argentina). Objetivo:Identificar la percepción que estudiantes y docentes de asignaturas troncales de Enfermería tenían sobre la aplicación o no de conocimientos fisiológicos desarrollados en los trabajos prácticos de la asignatura Fisiología en las distintas etapas del proceso enfermero. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal, cuestionario anónimo distribuido al azar a estudiantes y docentes, consistente en una tabla de doble entrada que describe los contenidos de cada trabajo práctico, por un lado, y las fases del proceso enfermero, por el otro. Resultados: respondieron 24 docentes (39 %) y 38 estudiantes (61 %). Las fases en que más reconocieron aplicar conocimientos de fisiología en el proceso enfermero fueron, en ambos grupos, valoración y diagnóstico; en cada trabajo práctico fue percibido diferente por docentes y estudiantes, siendo mayor el reconocimiento del uso de fisiología en el proceso enfermero por parte de docentes. Conclusiones: vertebrar la actividad práctica de fisiología alrededor del proceso enfermero parece constituir una estrategia didáctica válida, dado que docentes y estudiantes perciben, en mayor o menor medida, que aplican conocimientos trabajados en la asignatura en las distintas etapas del proceso enfermero, particularmente en la valoración y el diagnóstico. La percepción fue mayor en herramienta para la práctica profesional sistemática, dinámica y oportuna basado en el método científico, constituye el eje organizador del currículo de la Licenciatura en Enfermería en la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (Corrientes, Argentina). Objetivo: I d e n t i f i c a r l a percepción que estudiantes y docentes de asignaturas troncales de Enfermería tenían sobre la aplicación o no de conocimientos fisiológicos desarrollados en los trabajos prácticos de la asignatura Fisiología en lasdistintas etapas del proceso enfermero. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal, cuestionario anónimo distribuido al azar a estudiantes y docentes, consistente en una tabla de doble entrada que describe los contenidos de cada trabajo práctico, por un lado, y las fases del proceso enfermero, por el otro. Resultados: respondieron 24 docentes (39 %) y 38 estudiantes (61 %). Las fases en que más reconocieron aplicar conocimientos de fisiología en el proceso enfermero fueron, en ambos grupos, valoración y diagnóstico; en cada trabajo práctico fue percibido diferente por docentes y estudiantes, siendo mayor el reconocimiento del uso de fisiología en el proceso enfermero por parte de docentes. Conclusiones: vertebrar la actividad práctica de fisiología alrededor del proceso enfermero parece constituir una estrategia didáctica válida, dado que docentes y estudiantes perciben, en mayor o menor medida, que aplican conocimientos trabajados en la asignatura en las distintas etapas del proceso enfermero, particularmente en la valoración y el diagnóstico. La percepción fue mayor en docentes, lo cual evidencia mejor manejo del proceso enfermero, por tener mayor nivel de conocimientos y práctica profesional.

Introdução: a prática da enfermagem requer conhecimento abrangente do funcionamento do corpo humano, razão pela qual é essencial o aprendizado da fisiologia humana na graduação. O processo de enfermagem, ferramenta para a prática profissional sistemática, dinâmica e oportuna baseada no método científico, é o eixo organizador do currículo da Licenciatura em Enfermagem da Universidade Nacional do Nordeste (Corrientes, Argentina). Objetivo: Identificar a percepção que alunos e professores das disciplinas nucleares de Enfermagem têm sobre a aplicação ou não dos conhecimentos fisiológicos desenvolvidos nos trabalhos práticos da disciplina de Fisiologia nas diferentes etapas do processo de enfermagem. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal, com questionário anônimo distribuído aleatoriamente aos alunos e professores, constituído por uma tabela de dupla entrada que descreve o conteúdo de cada trabalho prático, por um lado, e as fases do processo de enfermagem, de outro. Resultados: Responderam 24 professores (39%) e 38 alunos (61%). As fases em que mais reconheceram a aplicação dos conhecimentos da fisiologia no processo de enfermagem foram, nos dois grupos, avaliação e diagnóstico; em cada trabalho prático foi percebido de forma diferente por professores e alunos, havendo maior reconhecimento da utilização da fisiologia no processo de enfermagem pelos professores. Conclusões: estruturar a atividade prática da fisiologia em torno do processo de enfermagem parece constituir uma estratégia didática válida, uma vez que professores y alunos percebem, em maior ou menor grau, que aplicam os conhecimentos trabalhados na disciplina nas diferentes etapas do processo de enfermagem, particularmente no processo de enfermagem avaliação e diagnóstico. A percepção foi maior nos professores, o que evidencia melhor gerenciamento do processo de enfermagem, por possuírem maior nível de conhecimento e prática profissional.

Introduction: Nursing practice requires comprehensive knowledge of the human body's functioning, so learning human physiology is essential during the undergraduate educational process. The nursing process, a tool for systematic, dynamic, and timely professional practice, based on the scientific method, constitutes the organizing axis of the curriculum of the bachelor's degree in nursing at the Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (Corrientes, Argentina). Objective: To identify the perception that students and teachers of core nursing courses had about applying or not physiological knowledge gained during practical work in the Physiology class, in different stages of the nursing process. Method: A d e s c r i p t i ve , observational, cross-sectional study was conducted. An anonymous questionnaire was randomly administered to students and teachers, which consisted of a double-entry table describing the contents of each practical work, on the one hand, and the phases of the nursing process, on the other. Results: T h e questionnaire was answered by 24 teachers (39%) and 38 students (61%). The phases in which they most admitted applying physiology knowledge in the nursing process were assessment and diagnosis in both groups. In each practical work, the application of physiological knowledge was perceived differently by teachers and students, and teachers recognized more the use of physiology in the nursing process. Conclusions: Structuring practical physiology activities around the nursing process seems to be a valid didactic strategy, considering that teachers and students perceive, to a greater or lesser extent, that they apply the knowledge gained during the course in the different stages of the nursing process, particularly in the assessment and diagnosis stages. The perception was higher in teachers, which evidences a better management of the nursing process due to a higher level of knowledge and professional practice.

Contexto familiar e necessidade de tratamento em pré-escolares avaliados pelo PSE em Belo Horizonte / Family context and need for treatment in preschoolers evaluated by pse in Belo Horizonte Family context and need for treatment in preschoolers evaluated by PSE in Belo Horizonte

Cárie da primeira infância (CPI) é a presença de lesão cariosa, perda ou restauração em pelo menos um dente decíduo antes de 71 meses de idade, impactando o bemestar e a qualidade de vida da criança e dos pais. Apresenta uma alta prevalência no Brasil e no mundo, com um alto índice de dentes não tratados. Em sua etiologia a CPI apresenta associação das variáveis biológicas e dietéticas, sociodemográficas, psicossociais e ambientais, envolvendo a criança, a família e a comunidade. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a necessidade de tratamento odontológico e o contexto familiar em crianças pré-escolares, avaliadas pelo Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE). Este estudo transversal foi realizado com o principal cuidador das crianças avaliadas pelo PSE moradoras da área de abrangência de um Centro de Saúde em Belo Horizonte, sendo um estudo descritivo. Dados primários foram coletados por entrevista, através de questionário estruturado com o principal cuidador da criança via contato telefônico. Este questionário incluiu um questionário socioeconômico; demográfico e familiar; o Questionário de Funcionamento Geral Familiar, para investigação do funcionamento familiar; e o Self- Reporting Questionnaire, para triagem de transtornos mentais comuns no principal cuidador. Dados secundários incluíram os registros do banco de dados do PSE, para levantamento da população do estudo e da necessidade de tratamento odontológico. Este trabalho teve como produto um artigo científico que apresenta os seguintes resultados: A mediana de idade das crianças foi de 5 anos e 32,80% tinham necessidade de tratamento em relação à cárie dentária. A maioria dos respondentes foram mães (88,50%), apresentavam ensino médio completo ou mais (52,50%) e estavam desempregados (49,20%). Houve maior prevalência de necessidade de tratamento em famílias com menor renda e com menor apoio social (familiar e amigos<1) e menor prevalência em famílias de formato tradicional. Também foi realizado um produto técnico no formato de material didático ou instrucional com o objetivo de sensibilizar os que trabalham com saúde pública à necessidade de um melhor registro dos dados produzidos nos serviço.

Early childhood caries (IPC) is the presence of carious injury, loss or restoration in at least one deciduous tooth before 71 months of age, impacting the well-being and/ quality of life of the child and parents. It has a high prevalence in Brazil and worldwide, with a high rate of untreated teeth. In its etiology, IPC presents an association of biological and dietary, sociodemographic, psychosocial and environmental variables, involving the child, the family and the community. This study aimed to analyze the need for dental treatment and the family context in preschool children, evaluated by the School Health Program (PSE). This cross-sectional study was conducted with the main caregiver of the children evaluated by the PSE living in the area covered by the Alcides Lins health center in Belo Horizonte, and is a descriptive study. Primary data were collected by interview through a structured questionnaire with the main caregiver via telephone contact. This questionnaire included a socioeconomic, demographic and family questionnaire, the General Family Functioning Questionnaire, for the investigation of family functioning and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire for screening common mental disorders in the main caregiver. Secondary data included the records of the PSE database, to survey the study population and the need for dental treatment. This study had as product a scientific article that presents the following results: The median age of the children was 5 years and 32.80% needed treatment in relation to dental caries (NT). Most of the respondents were mothers (88.50%), had completed high school or more (52.50%) and were unemployed (49.20%). We found a resident/room ratio of 1.00, social support (family and friends) with a median of 1.00. The FGF scores presented median=3.00. The prevalence of CMD was 45.90%. There was a higher prevalence of need for treatment in families with lower income and with lower social support (family and friends<1) and lower prevalence of in traditional families. The fgf and prevalence of SRQ-20 values were similar among preschoolers with and without the need for dental treatment. A high prevalence of CMD and suicidal ideation was found. A technical product was also produced in the form of didactic or instructional material with the objective of sensitizing public health workers of the need for a better record of the data produced in the services.

Quality and reliability of vaccination documentation in the routine childhood immunization program in Burkina Faso: Results from a cross-sectional survey.

INTRODUCTION: Accurate and timely vaccination data are important to the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) to assess individual vaccination status and to monitor performance and vaccine coverage (VC). Since 2013, Burkina Faso introduced several new vaccines into the routine childhood immunization schedule. However, sustained efforts for a timely update and alignment of immunization home-based (HBRs) and health facility-based records (FBRs) with the evolving schedule were not implemented. METHODS: In 2016-17, we conducted a 6-week cross-sectional survey in 30 health facilities (HFs) across 10 health districts (HDs), targeting children aged < 24 months and their caregivers. Data collected included sociodemographics, availability of vaccination recording fields in HBRs, and vaccination dates. We evaluated the characteristics, completion patterns, and concordance of HBRs and FBRs to determine their reliability as data sources in estimating VC. A standard HBR was defined as one that had recording fields for all recommended 17 vaccine doses of the schedule, and discordance between HBR and FBR as having different vaccination dates recorded, or vaccination information missing in one of the records. We computed proportions and concordance statistics, and used logistic regression to explore predictors of discordance. RESULTS: We recruited 619 children, including 74% (n = 458) aged 0-11 months. Half (50.6%) of HBRs were non-standard. About two-thirds (64.6%) of children were concerned with discordant information. Compared to HBRs, FBRs were generally associated with low negative predictive values (median: 0.41; IQR: 0.16-0.70). Multivariate logistic regression model showed that standard HBR was protectively associated with discordant information (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.26-0.81, p = 0.010). CONCLUSION: We documented a lack of standardization of HBRs and frequent information discordance with FBRs. There is a pressing need to update and standardize vaccination recording tools and ensure their continuous availability in HFs to improve data quality in Burkina Faso.

An Interdisciplinary Review of Surgical Data Recording Technology Features and Legal Considerations.

Surgical data recording technology has great promise to generate patient safety and quality data that can be utilized to potentially reduce medical errors. Variations of these systems aim to improve surgical technique, develop better training simulation, and promote adverse event investigation similar to the aims of black box technology utilized in other industries. However, many unknowns remain for surgical data recording utilization in operating rooms and clinical settings in the United States. This includes the need to appropriately design systems so they collect meaningful and useful data that can be discussed by surgical team members in an open and safe environment to optimize clinical care processes. In order to better understand the clinical and regulatory environment for surgical data recording systems, we conducted an interdisciplinary review to identify key technology approaches, and assess legal and regulatory implications associated with this potentially disruptive technology. We found technology ranging from audio and visual data, to systems utilizing mobile applications, and kinematic data capture. The data collected present legal questions over ownership of information and privacy, along with regulatory issues at the federal and state levels. The benefits of these data should be balanced with the need to develop appropriate policies and regulations that protect the interests of both clinicians and patients in order to encourage further innovation and better realize the potential of surgical data recording technology to improve clinical decision making and patient safety outcomes.

Electroluminochromic Materials and Devices Based on Metal Complexes.

Electroluminochromism (ELC) refers to an interesting phenomenon exhibited by a material whose luminescent properties can be reversibly modulated under an electrical stimulus. Such a luminescence-switching property has been widely used in various organic optoelectronic devices because it can simultaneously detect electrical and optical signals. Metal complexes are the promising candidates for ELC materials due to their sensitivity to an electrical stimulus. Herein, recent progress on electroluminochromic materials and devices based on various metal complexes has been summarized. Meanwhile, the applications of these complexes in data recording and security protection have also been discussed. Finally, a brief conclusion and outlook are presented, pointing out that the development of electroluminochromic metal complexes with excellent performance is important because they play a vital role in future intelligent optoelectronic devices.

Crucial Breakthrough of Functional Persistent Luminescence Materials for Biomedical and Information Technological Applications.

Persistent luminescence is a phenomenon in which luminescence is maintained for minutes to hours without an excitation source. Owing to their unique optical properties, various kinds of persistent luminescence materials (PLMs) have been developed and widely employed in numerous areas, such as bioimaging, phototherapy, data-storage, and security technologies. Due to the complete separation of two processes, -excitation and emission-, minimal tissue absorption, and negligible autofluorescence can be obtained during biomedical fluorescence imaging using PLMs. Rechargeable PLMs with super long afterglow life provide novel approaches for long-term phototherapy. Moreover, owing to the exclusion of external excitation and the optical rechargeable features, multicolor PLMs, which have higher decoding signal-to-noise ratios and high storage capability, exhibited an enormous application potential in information technology. Therefore, PLMs have significantly promoted the application of optics in the fields of multimodal bioimaging, theranostics, and information technology. In this review, we focus on the recently developed PLMs, including inorganic, organic and inorganic-organic hybrid PLMs to demonstrate their superior applications potential in biomedicine and information technology.

Establishing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation team increased number of patients and improved data recording.

BACKGROUND: For patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), employing a well-coordinated, multidisciplinary team specializing in ECMO has reportedly been effective in delivering better clinical outcomes. This study aims to assess the impact of establishing such a specialized team for patients treated with ECMO. METHOD: This retrospective cohort study was performed at a tertiary-care hospital in Japan. We reviewed medical records of all consecutive patients treated with ECMO during October 2010-September 2016. The results obtained in pre-ECMO team cases (PRE group; October 2011-September 2012) and post-ECMO team cases (POST group; October 2014-September 2015) were compared. RESULTS: The results obtained in pre-ECMO team cases (PRE group; October 2011-September 2012) and post-ECMO team cases (POST group; October 2014-September 2015) were compared. During the study period, 177 patients were treated with ECMO. Before the introduction of ECMO team, an average of 22.7 patients underwent ECMO treatment per year; after establishing ECMO team, this number increased to 36.3 patients per year. ECMO was applied mainly to cardiac arrest patients 52/69 (75%). The PRE (n = 27) and POST (n = 42) groups did not differ with regard to the survival rate to hospital discharge, ECMO duration, ventilator days, and length of hospital stay. However, PaO2 and positive end-expiratory pressure were significantly higher in the POST group at 6 h after ECMO initiation than those in the PRE group [367 (186-490) vs. 239 (113-430) mmHg, p = 0.047 and 8 (5-10) vs. 7 (5-8) cmH2O, p = 0.01, respectively]. In addition, data recording the detailed time points of ECMO initiation was conducted in significantly more cases in the POST group (28/126 (22%) than in the PRE group (6/81 (7%); p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Following the establishment of an ECMO team, the survival rate of patients treated with ECMO, ECMO duration, and length of hospital stay were not improved. However, the number of ECMO cases increased and the recording of clinical data was improved.

The elephant in the record: On the multiplicity of data recording work.

This article focuses on the production side of clinical data work, or data recording work, and in particular, on its multiplicity in terms of data variability. We report the findings from two case studies aimed at assessing the multiplicity that can be observed when the same medical phenomenon is recorded by multiple competent experts, yet the recorded data enable the knowledgeable management of illness trajectories. Often framed in terms of the latent unreliability of medical data, and then treated as a problem to solve, we argue that practitioners in the health informatics field must gain a greater awareness of the natural variability of data inscribing work, assess it, and design solutions that allow actors on both sides of clinical data work, that is, the production and care, as well as the primary and secondary uses of data to aptly inform each other's practices.

Health benefits of an adverse events reporting system for chronic pain patients using long-term opioids.

BACKGROUND: Safety data from long-term opioid therapy in the real world has been poorly studied in chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). The aim was to design a pharmacovigilance data recording system and assess whether participation in this recording system improves pain management, enhancing patient's health status. METHODS: A pharmacovigilance data recording system was conducted during 24 months. Data were self-reported by patients (pain, adverse events [AEs] and healthcare resources use) and physicians (morphine equivalent daily dose [MEDD] prescribed and suspected adverse drug reaction [ADRs]). Outcomes from patients with (case) or without (controls) suspected ADRs and cases follow-up were also compared with Spanish Pharmacovigilance System data. RESULTS: A total of 753 patients were recruited in 897 visits. Fentanyl and tramadol were the most prescribed opioids, 89% with concomitant drugs, pregabalin being the one with the most potential drug interactions. Cases presented significantly higher pain intensity (VAS 67 ± 26 vs 59 ± 30 mm, P < 0.05), number of AEs (8 ± 6 vs 5 ± 3 AEs/patient, P < 0.01), polypharmacy related to pain (65% vs 34%, P < 0.01) and MEDD (139 ± 130 vs 106 ± 99 mg/d, P < 0.01) than controls. Furthermore, cases presented significant higher changes in pharmacological pain therapy due to pain, unplanned emergency visits and hospital admission than controls. Physicians notified 168 suspected ADRs mostly related to neurological or psychiatric events and 8% of them were previously unknown. CONCLUSIONS: This data recording system provided important information to achieve a better control of CNCP pharmacological pain therapy, improving patient's health status and reducing costs to the Health System.

Technical challenges related to implementation of a formula one real time data acquisition and analysis system in a paediatric intensive care unit.

Most existing, expert monitoring systems do not provide the real time continuous analysis of the monitored physiological data that is necessary to detect transient or combined vital sign indicators nor do they provide long term storage of the data for retrospective analyses. In this paper we examine the feasibility of implementing a long term data storage system which has the ability to incorporate real-time data analytics, the system design, report the main technical issues encountered, the solutions implemented and the statistics of the data recorded. McLaren Electronic Systems expertise used to continually monitor and analyse the data from F1 racing cars in real time was utilised to implement a similar real-time data recording platform system adapted with real time analytics to suit the requirements of the intensive care environment. We encountered many technical (hardware and software) implementation challenges. However there were many advantages of the system once it was operational. They include: (1) The ability to store the data for long periods of time enabling access to historical physiological data. (2) The ability to alter the time axis to contract or expand periods of interest. (3) The ability to store and review ECG morphology retrospectively. (4) Detailed post event (cardiac/respiratory arrest or other clinically significant deteriorations in patients) data can be reviewed clinically as opposed to trend data providing valuable clinical insight. Informed mortality and morbidity reviews can be conducted. (5) Storage of waveform data capture to use for algorithm development for adaptive early warning systems. Recording data from bed-side monitors in intensive care/wards is feasible. It is possible to set up real time data recording and long term storage systems. These systems in future can be improved with additional patient specific metrics which predict the status of a patient thus paving the way for real time predictive monitoring.

Street-Level Strategies of Child Welfare Social Workers in Flanders: The Use of Electronic Client Records in Practice.

The use of information and communication technology (ICT) in child welfare services has increased significantly during the last decades, and so have the possibilities to process health data. Parton (2009) states that this evolution has led to a shift in the nature of social work itself: from 'the social' to 'the informational'. It is claimed that social workers primarily are becoming information processors concerned with the gathering, sharing and monitoring of information, instead of being focused on the relational dimensions of their work. However, social workers have considerable discretion concerning the way they use ICT. In this paper, we investigate (i) the street-level strategies social workers develop regarding ICT and (ii) how these relate to a narrative social work approach. To illustrate this, an evaluation of Charlotte was conducted, a client registration system that is used by social workers in child welfare services in Flanders, Belgium. Based on fifteen interviews, we find that social workers develop various strategies regarding Charlotte to preserve a relational and narrative work approach. These strategies not only result in a gap between ICT policy and the execution of that policy in practice, but also decrease the extent to which accountability can be realised via registration data.

Nurse prescribers' experiences of recording prescribing data to the Minimum Data Set in Ireland.

This study aimed to investigate and enhance understanding of nurse prescribers' experiences of working with the Irish national data gathering system for nurse prescribing: the Minimum Data Set (MDS) in Irish clinical practice. A phenomenological research design was used, collecting data via semi-structured interviews using a purposive sample of practising nurse prescribers. The study identified three recurrent themes: communication, workload/time, and attitudes. The MDS produces only standard national reports (lists) on nurse/midwife prescribing that cannot be utilised efficiently to inform practice or understand health service needs. Nurses have reacted to this situation and evaluate the MDS in the context of their clinical setting, identifying conflicting demands and expectations and an increased workload as factors that correlated negatively with the process of collecting nurse prescribing data. Consultation and evaluation is required, particularly to analyse the nurse prescribers' views of collecting data and working with the MDS in the context of the major adjustments that the Irish health service has experienced over the past 6 years.

Structural and magnetic properties of ternary Fe(1-)MnPt nanoalloys from first principles.

BACKGROUND: Structural and magnetic properties of binary Mn-Pt and ternary Fe(1-) (x)Mn(x)Pt nanoparticles in the size range of up to 2.5 nm (561 atoms) have been explored systematically by means of large scale first principles calculations in the framework of density functional theory. For each composition several magnetic and structural configurations have been compared. RESULTS: The concentration dependence of magnetization and structural properties of the ternary systems are in good agreement with previous bulk and thin film measurements. At an intermediate Mn-content around x = 0.25 a crossover between several phases with magnetic and structural properties is encountered, which may be interesting for exploitation in functional devices. CONCLUSION: Addition of Mn effectively increases the stability of single crystalline L1(0) particles over multiply twinned morphologies. This, however, compromises the stability of the ferromagnetic phase due to an increased number of antiferromagnetic interactions. The consequence is that only small additions of Mn can be tolerated for data recording applications.

Improved Data Quality by Pen Computer-Assisted Emergency Room Data Recording Following Major Trauma in the Military Setting.

INTRODUCTION: The characteristics of combat injuries differ from those of injuries encountered in civilian practice. Capturing detailed combat casualty data is therefore of importance. Experts classify the data sources for combat injuries as "inadequate" and request a better and more accurate record keeping. Within the civilian setting it has been shown that "point of care - computer-assisted" recording techniques are superior to conventional "paper-based" data recording techniques regarding accuracy of data recording. Subject of this study is to proof the quality of a "point of care - computer-assisted" data recording technique within a "military setting". METHOD: Prospective emergency room study at the multinational-staffed German Field Hospital Kabul/Afghanistan. A standardized emergency room data recording - using "TraumaWatch" - was performed parallel to the emergency room procedures; in each patient a tablet-PC-based technique ("pen group") as well as a traditional paper-based technique ("paper group") was used simultaneously by two nurses of the emergency room team. Data quality was defined as level of dataset completeness. RESULTS: During a 3-month study period, a total number of 171 major trauma cases underwent emergency room management. There was no correlation between degree of injury severity and level of dataset completeness. Total dataset completeness was significantly higher within the "pen group" (93.9 ± 15.5% vs. 50.1 ± 21.8%; p < 0.01); the same applies to the core dataset (Utstein style) completeness (94.8 ± 15.1% vs. 48.9 ± 18.7%; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Defining data quality as level of dataset completeness, a tablet-PC-based recording technique, which allows easy and fast - real-time - data acquisition during emergency room management, seems to be superior to the conventional paper-based technique - even under the conditions of a military mission.

LAN-based Autopsy Recording System for Documentation and Statistics / 대한법의학회지

The automation in autopsy data recording, particularly in the reporting and encoding system using computers requires well designed databases. This system employed multimedia computer techniques to design a database system with application programs along with the standardized autopsy data management flow. The benefit of the present development was verified by practical application into the autopsies performed in the department of forensic medicine, Kyungpook National University. The standardized medical information of forensic autopsy data provides mutual exchange of information between the institutions and information to law enforcement agencies. Statistics on autopsy data could be used not only for medical education and research, but also as a template for policy determination concerning forensic medicine in Korea. It is necessary to standardize information between the institutions.

Data Import and Validation in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database.

In the following paper the input procedures for the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD) will be outlined. The input flow of the data is explained. Since the data have been excerpted from journal articles a bibliometric analysis of the relevant literature is presented. The types of data and the form in which they are recorded are discussed. Finally, illustrations are given of the importance of data checking and the data checking procedures are described in detail.