Effects of TCM external scalding therapy on spleen-stomach deficiency cold stomachache and inflammatory indexes.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) external scalding therapy on spleen-stomach deficiency cold stomachache. METHODS: The medical records of 98 patients with spleen-stomach deficiency cold stomachache treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from January 2019 to January 2020 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 52 patients treated with western medicine were assigned to the control group, while the other 46 patients treated additionally with TCM external scalding therapy were assigned to the observation group. The two groups were compared in terms of serum gastrin (GAS), inflammatory factors and visual analogue scale (VAS) score, adverse reaction rate and symptom remission time. RESULTS: After treatment, the observation group showed a significantly lower GAS level than the control group (P<0.05), along with significantly lower serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) than the control group (all P<0.05). The observation group demonstrated significantly lower VAS score than the control group (P<0.05). The observation group experienced notably shorter remission time of dull epigastric pain, epigastric distension, fatigue and belching and acid reflux than the control group (all P<0.05), and a significantly lower incidence of adverse reactions was found in the observation group than that in the control group (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that history of alcoholism and treatment method were independent risk factors affecting patient outcomes (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: TCM external scalding therapy has shown effectiveness in treating spleen-stomach deficiency cold stomachache. It alleviates stomachache symptoms and also reduces the occurrence of adverse reactions and inflammation, holding great potential for widespread adoption in clinical practice.

A network pharmacology integrated pharmacokinetics strategy to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of absorbed components from crude and processed Zingiberis Rhizoma on deficiency-cold and hemorrhagic syndrome.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Zingiberis Rhizoma (ZR) and Zingiberis Rhizoma Carbonisata (ZRC), as two forms of ginger-based herbal drugs used in China for at least 2000 years, have been recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia and applied for specific indications in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). AIM OF THE STUDY: The present study aimed to explore the underlying therapeutic and processing mechanism of the absorbed components of ZR and ZRC on deficiency-cold and hemorrhagic syndrome (DCHS) using network pharmacological technique combined with pharmacokinetics strategy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, a rapid and sensitive approach was conceived to simultaneously determine the seven components (zingiberone, 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 6-shogaol, 6-paradol, diacetyl-6-gingerol and 10-gingerol) in rat serum by HPLC-DAD-MS. The network pharmacological technique was employed to evaluate the effect of the absorbed components of ZR and ZRC on DCHS. Also, the vitro experiments were carried out to validate the functions of the seven compounds on coagulation and other major haematological effects. RESULTS: The values of intra-assay and inter-assay precision were determined to be less than 7.44%, with an accuracy value ranging from 83.64% to 107.99%. Analysis of rat plasma revealed that the extraction recoveries and matrix effects of the seven analytes were >85.76%. The method for validation following oral administration of ZR and ZRC to rats was proved to be a success in the pharmacokinetic study of the seven ingredients. Pharmacokinetics showed that ZR processing could enhance the absorption and utilization of 6-shogaol, 6-paradol and diacetyl-6-gingerol, meanwhile reduce the absorption of 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, and 10-gingerol. Through the pathway enrichment analysis, it was found that the significant biological process of ZR and ZRC on DCHS was primarily associated with complement, coagulation cascades and platelet activation pathways. The vitro experiments indicated that zingiberone, 6-paradol and diacetyl-6-gingerol had a hemostatic effect by upregulating the expression of one or more targets such as TNF-α, FⅩa, FⅫ, FⅧ, ICAM-1, vWF and ITGB3. While 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, 8-gingerol and 10-gingerol played a critical role in promoting blood circulation by increasing the expression of TM and/or PORC, and/or reducing the expression of ITGB3. CONCLUSION: In brief, network pharmacological technique in combination with pharmacokinetics strategy provided an applicable method for pharmacological mechanism study of ZR and ZRC, which, also, could be used as reference for quality control of the two drugs. In a broader sense, this combined strategy might even be valuable in uncovering the therapeutic and processing mechanism of Chinese herbs on a systematic level.

Potential targets and mechanism of Houpuwenzhongtang for the treatment of spleen and stomach deficiency cold stomach disease based on network pharmacology / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the potential targets and mechanisms of Houpuwenzhongtang for the treatment of spleen and stomach deficiency cold stomach disease. Methods Firstly, TCMSP database, disease database and compound target prediction platform were used to collect active components, disease targets and predict potential targets. Secondly, Cytoscape 3.7.2 and String platform were used to screen key chemical components and core targets, and PPI network diagram was constructed. Finally, The active components with degree greater than 30 were used for molecular docking with key targets, and some docking results were selected for cell experiment. Results The key active components of Houpuwenzhongtang in the treatment of spleen and stomach deficiency cold stomach disease were hesperidin, magnolol, 6-gingerol, and so on. The key targets were JUN, AKT1, IL-8, etc.. The related pathways mainly involved immune response, signaling transduction, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Molecular docking results showed that the key active components had good binding activity with disease targets. The results of cell experiments showed that magnolol, hesperidin and 6-gingerol had different degrees of anti-inflammatory activity against IL-8 in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions It is speculated that Houpuwenzhongtang may act on IL-8, JUN, AKT1 and other targets through magnolol, hesperidin,6-gingerol and other active ingredients, and participate in the regulation of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, N F-K B signaling pathway for the treatment of spleen and stomach deficiency cold stomach disease. And it is found for the first time that 6-gingerol could stably bind to multiple disease targets related spleen and stomach deficiency cold stomach disease,such as AKT1,IL-8 and so on. The result suggests that 6-gingerol is worth further research. Through the results of IL-8 cell experiment, it is speculated that the components such as magnolol and hesperidin may play a role in gastric diseases caused by Helicobacter pylori infection by reducing the content of IL-8 in gastric mucosa.

UPLC-Q-Exactive/MS-based metabonomics revealed protective effect of Zingiberis rhizome and its processed product on deficiency-cold and hemorrhagic syndrome rats.

Zingiberis rhizome carbonisata (ZRC) is the processed product of Zingiberis rhizome (ZR). ZR is mainly used for warming the spleen and stomach to dispel cold, whereas ZRC is commonly applied as a treatment for deficiency-cold and hemorrhagic syndrome (DCHS). Although they have long been used to serve different clinical purposes, the specific action mechanism of the drugs and molecular changes underlying ZR processing are not clear. In this study, metabolomics study was carried out to analyze the alterations in endogenous metabolites in serum and urine samples of DCHS rat models using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-Exactive mass spectrometry technique and constructed principal component analysis score plots that showed that the ZRC group was completely separated from the DCHS and ZR groups but demonstrated a highly close plotting to the normal control group. The results revealed that both ZR and ZRC intervened in the metabolic pathways of DCHS models but to varying degrees and with different influencing factors. In addition, ZRC was found to function as a treatment for the metabolic disorders of DCHS through 15 pharmacodynamic biomarkers involving a series of pathways, such as glycine, serine, and threonine metabolic pathway, as well as arachidonic acid metabolic pathways. This study showed that metabolomics method based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-Exactive mass spectrometry could preliminarily illuminate the therapeutic mechanism of ZR and ZRC on DCHS and the changes in ZR processing from the molecular-level perspective. The results also provided new insight into further research on DCHS treatment.

[Adjuvant treatment of penetrating moxibustion at governor vessel for persistent allergic rhinitis of deficiency-cold syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy and action mechanism of penetrating moxibustion at governor vessel for persistent allergic rhinitis of deficiency-cold syndrome. METHODS: Ninety patients with persistent allergic rhinitis of deficiency-cold syndrome were randomly divided into an observation group (n = 45) and a control group (n = 45). The patients in the control group were treated with momethasone furoate nasal spray, 2 sprays per side per time, once a day. On the basis of treatment in the control group, the patients in the observation group were additionally treated with penetrating moxibustion at governor vessel, 2 h per treatment, once a week. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. The TCM symptom score, visual analogue scale (VAS) score and rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) score were observed in the two groups before and after treatment. The serum level of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and complete blood count of eosinophil (EOS) were measured before and after treatment, and the clinical effects were compared. RESULTS: Compared before treatment, the TCM symptom scores, VAS scores, RQLQ scores, serum levels of IgE and complete blood count of EOS in the two groups were all reduced after treatment (P<0.05), and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was 95.6% (43/45), which was higher than 82.2% (37/45) in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Based on the momethasone furoate nasal spray, the adjuvant treatment of penetrating moxibustion at governor vessel could significantly improve the clinical symptoms in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis of deficiency-cold syndrome, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of immune disorder.

Adjuvant treatment of penetrating moxibustion at governor vessel for persistent allergic rhinitis of deficiency-cold syndrome / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the efficacy and action mechanism of penetrating moxibustion at governor vessel for persistent allergic rhinitis of deficiency-cold syndrome.@*METHODS@#Ninety patients with persistent allergic rhinitis of deficiency-cold syndrome were randomly divided into an observation group (@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the TCM symptom scores, VAS scores, RQLQ scores, serum levels of IgE and complete blood count of EOS in the two groups were all reduced after treatment (@*CONCLUSION@#Based on the momethasone furoate nasal spray, the adjuvant treatment of penetrating moxibustion at governor vessel could significantly improve the clinical symptoms in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis of deficiency-cold syndrome, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of immune disorder.

Curative efficacy of extract from Ganjiangdazao recipe on functional dyspepsia in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of the extract from Ganjiangdazao recipe (EGR) on functional dyspepsia in rats with spleen-stomach deficiency cold pattern (SSDCP) in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and to investigate its pharmacodynamics. METHODS: Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group, SSDCP group, low-EGR SSDCP group, high-EGR SSDCP group, probiotics group, EGR group. SSDCP model was induced by gavage with the 0 ?edible vinegar. The symptoms and manifestations were scored by method from the relative literature, the ecological changes in cecal microflora was analyzed by 16SrRNA high-throughput sequencing technology, gastric tissues were treated by immunohistochemistry, the levels of related biochemical components related to the gastrointestinal functions were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and colorimetry, gastric juice was measured by pH meter, blood pressure measurement by trapping tail method, surface temperature measured by infrared thermal imaging, and the content of 6-gingerol in the serum was determined by liquid-mass chromatography before and after EGR was given. RESULTS: It was found that EGR could effectively relieve the symptoms and manifestations of the SSDCP rats (P < 0.05); the value of the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus and Coprobacillus increased, while the value of the relative abundance of Clostridium decreased (P < 0.05) in the cecal microflora in the SSDCP rats after high-EGR administration; It was also found that EGR had no substantial effect on the related biochemical components related to the gastrointestinal functions of in the SSDCP rats; and a certain amount of 6-gingerol was detected in the serum of EGR group. CONCLUSION: The pharmacodynamic site of EGR is the intestinal tract, and the mechanism behind the effect of EGR on SSDCP rats, involves increasing the beneficial bacteria and decreasing the proinflammatory bacteria in the intestinal tract. The blood pharmacodynamics of EGR remains to be further studied in the future.

[Effect of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) on neurotransmitter level and neuro-endocrine-immune network of deficiency-cold and deficiency-heat syndrome rats].

The aim of this paper was to study the effect of Lepidium meyenii(Maca) on cyclic nucleotides, neurotransmitter levels and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immunization of deficiency-cold and deficiency-heat syndrome rats, in order to explore the cold and hot medicinal properties of Maca. SD rats were divided into blank group, deficiency-cold syndrome group, Cinnamomi Cortex of deficiency-cold syndrome(30 g·kg~(-1)) group, high and low-dose Maca groups(2.4, 1.2 g·kg~(-1)), deficiency-heat syndrome group, Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex(PCC) of deficiency-heat syndrome(5 g·kg~(-1)), and high and low-dose Maca groups(2.4, 1.2 g·kg~(-1)). The rats were treated with intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone(20 mg·kg~(-1)) or dexamethasone sodium phosphate(0.35 mg·kg~(-1)) for 21 days to set up the deficiency-cold and deficiency-heat model. The levels of cAMP, cGMP, NE, DA, 5-HT, CRH, ACTH, CORT and IgM, IgG, C3, C4 were detected by radio immunoassay. Both the high-dose Maca group and the low-dose Maca group can significantly improve the overall state and body weight of rats with deficiency-cold syndrome(P<0.01, P<0.05), significantly increasing cAMP, cAMP/cGMP, NE, DA, ACTH(P<0.01, P<0.001), and significantly decreasing 5-HT(P<0.01, P<0.001). However, high-dose and low-dose Maca groups could not improve the deficiency-heat syndrome, and the levels of cAMP, cGMP, cAMP/cGMP, NE, DA, 5-HT and ACTH were not statistically significant. Maca had a significant regulatory effect on CORT, IgM, IgG and C3 content of rats with deficiency-cold and deficiency-heat syndrome(P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.001). Maca showed the same effect with Cinnamomi Cortex in adjusting the levels of deficiency-cold rats, but in opposition to Phellodendri Chinese Cortex. This paper confirmed that Maca was slightly warm based on its effect on cyclic nucleotide levels and neuro-endocrine-immune networks by the pharmacological experimental method.

Comparative Analysis of Effect of Houpu Wenzhongtang Combined Decoction and Simple Decoction on Urine Metabonomics of Rats with Deficiency-cold of Spleen and Stomach / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the effect of combined decoction and single decoction of Houpu Wenzhongtang on rats with deficiency-cold of spleen and stomach from the perspective of metabonomics, to find out the relevant potential biomarkers and metabolic pathways, and to explore the similarities and differences between the combined decoction and single decoction, so as to provide reference for the feasibility analysis of replacing traditional decoction with single dispensing granule of this formula. Method:SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, Houpu Wenzhongtang combined decoction group and simgle decoction group. Rats in the normal group were given distilled water by intragastric administration, rats in the other three groups were given cold vinegar at 4 ℃ in the morning and refined lard in the afternoon for 10 days (the dosage of 10 mL·kg-1). After the model was successfully established, rats in the combined decoction group and the single decoction group were given corresponding decoction with dosage of 1.8 g·kg-1 (according to the amount of crude drugs), once a day for 7 days. Ultra-high liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technique was used to analyze the small molecular endogenous metabolites in urine. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to compare the changes of differential metabolites among the normal group, model group, Houpu Wenzhongtang combined decoction group and single decoction group, and the differential metabolites were introduced into Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) for metabolic pathway analysis. Result:Compared with the model group, the Houpu Wenzhongtang combined decoction group and single decoction group jointly regulated 13 potential biomarkers, including phosphatidylcholine(PC), lysophosphatidic acid(LysoPA) and cholic acid, etc. They played a role in treating deficiency-cold of spleen and stomach by influencing metabolic pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, phosphatidylinositol signaling system and so on. The combined decoction and single decoction of Houpu Wenzhongtang could obviously restore the body weight, motilin and gastrin contents of rats with deficiency-cold of spleen and stomach to normal levels. Conclusion:According to biochemical indexes, there is no obvious difference between combined decoction and single decoction of Houpu Wenzhongtang, but according to metabonomics, the combined decoction may be slightly better than the single decoction. The research shows that it is feasible to replace traditional decoction with single dispensing granule of Houpu Wenzhongtang in clinical application.

Effect of Wuzhuyu Decoction on serum metabolic spectrum in rats with deficiency cold and vomiting based on UPLC-MS / 中草药

Objective: To observe the effect of Wuzhuyu Decoction on the serum metabolic profile of the model rats with deficiency cold, and explore its possible mechanism for treating deficiency cold and vomiting syndrome. Methods: A rat model of deficiency cold and vomiting was prepared by a composite method (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma + cisplatin). The high-throughput metabolome data of the serum of rats with deficiency-cold and vomiting was obtained by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), and multivariate analysis combinated with database retrieval was used to analyzed the endogenous metabolites in rat serum from different groups and discover differential metabolites. Besides, metabolites were analyzed by Metabo Analyst software for possible metabolic pathways. Results: The serum metabolic spectrum of control group and model group were completely separated. The Wuzhuyu Decoction group was close to the control group, indicating that the horizontal model of endogenous material changes was successfully replicated, and Wuzhuyu Decoction could interfere with the symptoms of deficiency cold and vomiting in rats, suggesting that the rat body had a tendency to return to normal state. In total, modular analysis of 35 serum differential metabolites, and deficiency cold and vomiting syndrome was related to abnormal lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism pathways and Wuzhuyu Decoction may have a regulatory effect on its pathways; Metabolites revealed close relationship among seven modules; Pyroglutamic acid, arachidonic acid, serotonin, isocitric acid, triglyceride and other biological targets can thus be used as biomarkers of deficiency cold and vomiting. Conclusion: Wuzhuyu Decoction can improve the physiological characteristics of the model of deficiency-cold and vomiting. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of abnormal amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and lipid metabolism in rats with deficiency-cold vomiting.

Effect of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) on neurotransmitter level and neuro-endocrine-immune network of deficiency-cold and deficiency-heat syndrome rats / 中国中药杂志

The aim of this paper was to study the effect of Lepidium meyenii(Maca) on cyclic nucleotides, neurotransmitter levels and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immunization of deficiency-cold and deficiency-heat syndrome rats, in order to explore the cold and hot medicinal properties of Maca. SD rats were divided into blank group, deficiency-cold syndrome group, Cinnamomi Cortex of deficiency-cold syndrome(30 g·kg~(-1)) group, high and low-dose Maca groups(2.4, 1.2 g·kg~(-1)), deficiency-heat syndrome group, Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex(PCC) of deficiency-heat syndrome(5 g·kg~(-1)), and high and low-dose Maca groups(2.4, 1.2 g·kg~(-1)). The rats were treated with intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone(20 mg·kg~(-1)) or dexamethasone sodium phosphate(0.35 mg·kg~(-1)) for 21 days to set up the deficiency-cold and deficiency-heat model. The levels of cAMP, cGMP, NE, DA, 5-HT, CRH, ACTH, CORT and IgM, IgG, C3, C4 were detected by radio immunoassay. Both the high-dose Maca group and the low-dose Maca group can significantly improve the overall state and body weight of rats with deficiency-cold syndrome(P<0.01, P<0.05), significantly increasing cAMP, cAMP/cGMP, NE, DA, ACTH(P<0.01, P<0.001), and significantly decreasing 5-HT(P<0.01, P<0.001). However, high-dose and low-dose Maca groups could not improve the deficiency-heat syndrome, and the levels of cAMP, cGMP, cAMP/cGMP, NE, DA, 5-HT and ACTH were not statistically significant. Maca had a significant regulatory effect on CORT, IgM, IgG and C3 content of rats with deficiency-cold and deficiency-heat syndrome(P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.001). Maca showed the same effect with Cinnamomi Cortex in adjusting the levels of deficiency-cold rats, but in opposition to Phellodendri Chinese Cortex. This paper confirmed that Maca was slightly warm based on its effect on cyclic nucleotide levels and neuro-endocrine-immune networks by the pharmacological experimental method.

Effect of Wuzhuyu Decoction on urine metabolic spectrum in rats with deficiency cold and vomit based on UHPLC-MS / 中草药

Objective: To observe the changes of urine metabolic profile of Wuzhuyu Decoction in rats with deficiency cold and vomit, and explore its possible mechanism of treatment of deficiency cold and vomit syndrome. Methods: A rat model of deficiency cold and vomit was prepared by a composite method (rhucax + cisplatin). Rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, and Wuzhuyu Decoction group. UPLC-MS/MS combined with principal component analysis and partial least squares analysis were used to analyze urine data and identify potential biomarkers. Diversified ROC curves were used to validate differential metabolites; Pathway Analysis database was used for topological analysis of differential metabolites; R and Cytoscape were used for correlation analysis and modular analysis of metabolites. Results: The urine metabolic spectrum of control group and model group were completely separated. Wuzhuyu Decoction group was close to the control group, indicating that the model was successfully replicated; And Wuzhuyu Decoction can interfere with the symptoms of deficiency cold and vomit in rats, suggesting that the rat body had a tendency to return to normal state. Through modular analysis of 34 urine differential metabolites, the deficiency cold and vomit treatment was revealed to affect biosynthesis of valine, leucine and isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, citric acid cycle (TCA cycle) pathways. Modularity analysis revealed that there was close relationship between 10 modules; Alanine, leucine, tyrosine, tryptophan, isoleucine, succinic acid, alanine, fumaric acid, malic acid, isocitrate, and other biological targets can thus be used as markers of deficiency cold and vomit. Conclusion: Wuzhuyu Decoction can improve the physiological characteristics of the model of deficiency cold and vomit. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism and lipid metabolism in rats.

Effect of Wenfei Zhiliudan in Treating Lung Qi Deficiency Cold Type Allergic Rhinitis and Its Mechanism / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of Wenfei Zhiliudan in treatment of lung Qi deficiency cold type allergic rhinitis. Method: A total of 120 cases were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group was given desloratadine + momethasone furoate, while observation group was given Wenfei Zhiliudan. A course of treatment was 2 weeks. The rhino conjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ), total nasal symptom score (TNSS) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation scale for lung Qi deficiency cold (TCM scale) in two groups before and after treatment were observed. The serum inflammatory factor[tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-33 (IL-33)]and immune indexes[immunoglobulin E (IgE), eosinophils (EOS), eotaxin (EOT)]were determined. The total effective rate and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups. Result: Five cases felt off during the study period. The total effective rate in observation group was 91.5%(54/59), which was higher than 82.5%(47/57) in control group (PPα, IFN-γ, IL-33) in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (PPPPConclusion: Wenfei Zhiliudan can significantly alleviate the clinical symptoms, serum inflammatory factors and immune indicators of lung Qi deficiency cold type allergic rhinitis, with a lower incidence of adverse reactions.

[Warm acupuncture for chronic atrophic gastritis with spleen-stomach deficiency cold].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of warm acupuncture at Zhongwan(CV 12) for chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG) with spleen-stomach deficiency cold by the comparison with conventional acupuncture. METHODS: Sixty-two patients were randomly assigned into a warm acupuncture group and a conventional acupuncture group,31 cases in each one. The acupoints in the two groups were Zhongwan(CV 12),Zusanli(ST 36),Neiguan(PC 6),Gongsun(SP 4),Qihai(CV 6),Pishu(BL 20) and Weishu(BL 21). Warm acupuncture was intervened at Zhongwan(CV 12) in the warm acupuncture group. Twirling reinforcing was applied at Zhongwan(CV 12) in the conventional acupuncture group. All the treatment was given for 3 courses continuously,5 days as one course,once a day. TCM syndrome score and symptom rating scale were observed before and after treatment in the two groups,and the effects were compared. RESULTS: The total effective rate was 93.5%(29/31) in the warm acupuncture group,which was better than 87.0%(27/31) in the conventional acupuncture group(P<0.05). The TCM syndrome score and symptom rating score were improved in the two groups after treatment(P<0.01, P<0.05),with more apparent improvement in the warm acupuncture group(P<0.01,P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Warm acupuncture at Zhongwan(CV 12) can improve gastrointestinal discomfort,which is better than twirling reinforcing at Zhongwan(CV 12) for CAG with spleen-stomach deficiency cold.

[Effect of AÇaí (Euterpe oleracea) on lipid metabolism, immune substances and endocrine hormone in rats with deficiency-heat and deficiency-cold syndrome].

To study the effects of AÇaí(Euterpe oleracea) on lipid metabolism, immune substances and endocrine hormone level in rats with deficiency-heat and deficiency-cold syndrome. SD rats were divided into blank control group, deficiency-heat model group, deficiency-heat & Phellodendri Cortex group, deficiency-heat & AÇaí high dose and low dose groups, deficiency-cold model group, deficiency-cold & Cinnamomi Cortex group, deficiency-cold & AÇaí high dose and low dose groups. The rats received intramuscular injection of dexamethasone sodium phosphate (0.35 mg) or hydrocortisone sodium succinate (20 mg) for 21 days to set up deficiency-heat models and deficiency-cold models. Then the changes in fatmetabolism levels (FFA, LPL, HL) and immune indexes (IgG, IgM, C3 and C4) were detected by colorimeter; and the levels of endocrine hormone indexes (CORT, E2 and T) were detected by radioimmunoassay. The levels of FFA, LPL and HL in serum were reduced (P<0.01 or P<0.001); levels of IgG, IgM and C3 in serum were increased (P<0.05 or P<0.001); level of CORT in serum was increased (P<0.05) and the level of E2, E2/T in serum were reduced in the AÇaí high dose group (P<0.05). The effect of high dose AÇaí on fat metabolism was not obvious in deficiency-cold models, but the levels of IgG, IgM, C3 and CORT in serum were increased (P<0.05 or P<0.001). AÇaí was showed the same effect trend with Phellodendri Cortex in adjusting the levels of deficiency-heat rats; but unlike Cinnamomi Cortex, AÇaí was showed no obvious effect in adjusting the levels of deficiency-cold rats. In this experiment, homogeneous comparison and heterogeneous disproof were used to verify the cold nature of Çaí.

Effect of AÇaí (Euterpe oleracea) on lipid metabolism, immune substances and endocrine hormone in rats with deficiency-heat and deficiency-cold syndrome / 中国中药杂志

To study the effects of AÇaí(Euterpe oleracea) on lipid metabolism, immune substances and endocrine hormone level in rats with deficiency-heat and deficiency-cold syndrome. SD rats were divided into blank control group, deficiency-heat model group, deficiency-heat & Phellodendri Cortex group, deficiency-heat & AÇaí high dose and low dose groups, deficiency-cold model group, deficiency-cold & Cinnamomi Cortex group, deficiency-cold & AÇaí high dose and low dose groups. The rats received intramuscular injection of dexamethasone sodium phosphate (0.35 mg) or hydrocortisone sodium succinate (20 mg) for 21 days to set up deficiency-heat models and deficiency-cold models. Then the changes in fatmetabolism levels (FFA, LPL, HL) and immune indexes (IgG, IgM, C3 and C4) were detected by colorimeter; and the levels of endocrine hormone indexes (CORT, E2 and T) were detected by radioimmunoassay. The levels of FFA, LPL and HL in serum were reduced (P<0.01 or P<0.001); levels of IgG, IgM and C3 in serum were increased (P<0.05 or P<0.001); level of CORT in serum was increased (P<0.05) and the level of E2, E2/T in serum were reduced in the AÇaí high dose group (P<0.05). The effect of high dose AÇaí on fat metabolism was not obvious in deficiency-cold models, but the levels of IgG, IgM, C3 and CORT in serum were increased (P<0.05 or P<0.001). AÇaí was showed the same effect trend with Phellodendri Cortex in adjusting the levels of deficiency-heat rats; but unlike Cinnamomi Cortex, AÇaí was showed no obvious effect in adjusting the levels of deficiency-cold rats. In this experiment, homogeneous comparison and heterogeneous disproof were used to verify the cold nature of Çaí.

Warm acupuncture for chronic atrophic gastritis with spleen-stomach deficiency cold / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical effect of warm acupuncture at Zhongwan(CV 12) for chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG) with spleen-stomach deficiency cold by the comparison with conventional acupuncture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-two patients were randomly assigned into a warm acupuncture group and a conventional acupuncture group,31 cases in each one. The acupoints in the two groups were Zhongwan(CV 12),Zusanli(ST 36),Neiguan(PC 6),Gongsun(SP 4),Qihai(CV 6),Pishu(BL 20) and Weishu(BL 21). Warm acupuncture was intervened at Zhongwan(CV 12) in the warm acupuncture group. Twirling reinforcing was applied at Zhongwan(CV 12) in the conventional acupuncture group. All the treatment was given for 3 courses continuously,5 days as one course,once a day. TCM syndrome score and symptom rating scale were observed before and after treatment in the two groups,and the effects were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate was 93.5%(29/31) in the warm acupuncture group,which was better than 87.0%(27/31) in the conventional acupuncture group(<0.05). The TCM syndrome score and symptom rating score were improved in the two groups after treatment(<0.01,<0.05),with more apparent improvement in the warm acupuncture group(<0.01,<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Warm acupuncture at Zhongwan(CV 12) can improve gastrointestinal discomfort,which is better than twirling reinforcing at Zhongwan(CV 12) for CAG with spleen-stomach deficiency cold.</p>

Therapeutic Effect of Wenwei Zhitong Granules Combined with Acupoint Moxibustion for Spleen-stomach Deficiency-cold Ulcer Disease / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Wenwei Zhitong Granules ( WZG) combined with acupoint moxibustion for spleen-stomach deficiency-cold ulcer disease. Methods A total of 120 cases of spleen-stomach deficiency-cold ulcer disease were evenly randomized into treatment group and control group. Both groups were given conventional treatment with western medicine plus oral use of WZG, and the treatment group was given acupoint moxibustion additionally. The treatment lasted for 8 weeks. The therapeutic effect on gastroscopy and on relieving stomachache, and the adverse reaction were observed. Results ( 1) The total effective rate showed by gastroscopy was 95.00% in the treatment group and was 85.00% in the control group, the difference being significant (P<0.05). (2) Total effective rate for relieving stomachache was 98.33% in the treatment group and was 88.33% in the control group, the difference being significant ( P<0.05). ( 3) During the treatment, both groups had 2 cases of adverse reaction of nausea, poor appetite and loose stool after oral use of Clarithromycin and Amoxicillin, and then the adverse reaction disappeared after two weeks. No other reverse action was found. Conclusion WZG combined with acupoint moxibustion is effective, convenient and safe for the treatment of spleen-stomach deficiency-cold ulcer disease by promoting the healing of ulcer and relieving stomachache.

Analysis of the resistances at the stomach meridian acupoints in chronic atrophic gastritis patients with spleen-stomach deficiency-cold syndromes / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To detect and analyze the resistance at the stomach meridian acupoints in chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) patients with spleen-stomach deficiency-cold syndromes, summarize the status of asthenia-sthenia at stomach meridian under this condition, in order to guide the clinical therapy with acupuncture and moxibustion.Methods From 2010 January to 2013 December, 83 CAG patients with spleen-stomach deficiency-cold syndromes were collected from No.306 Hospital of the PLA, the surface resistances on the bilateral stomach meridian stomach acupoints were detected,including Lidui, Neiting, Xiangu,Chongyang, Jiexi, Fenglong, Zusanli, Liangqiu, and the non-acupoints 1cm lateral to the point were set as controls. Zhu auricle holographic detector was adopted to detect the resistance at 20 points (about 0.5 cm2around the acupoints) in each acupoint, and the average value was calculated as the resistance value.Results Theresistances on the leftChongyang andright Chongyang were (9.64 ± 2.03) k? and (9.68 ± 2.02) k?, respectively, both were significantly lower than those on other acupoints, with statistically significant difference (allP<0.01); theresistances on the leftLiangqiu andright Liangqiu were (13.44 ± 2.11) k? and (13.68 ± 2.12) k?, respectively, both were significantly higher than those on other acupoints (all P<0.01).Conclusions The resistance on the stomach meridian stomach acupoints in CAG patients with spleen-stomach deficiency-cold syndromes is different, which may reflect the basic pathogenesis of CAG being the weakness of the spleen and stomach, qi stagnation and blood stasis.

Analysis of Treatment Effect of Warming Needle Moxibustion on Knee Osteoarthritis of Deficiency Cold Type / 医学研究杂志

Objective To observe the clinical effect of warming needle moxibustion and acupuncture therapy for knee osteoarthritis of deficiency cold type , and explore effective ways to treat knee osteoarthritis of deficiency cold type .Methods Eighty three patients with cold knee osteoarthritis in our hospital from May 2010 to April 2014 type were randomly divided into warming acupuncture group (42 ca-ses) and control group (41 cases).Patients in warming acupuncture group were given the treatment of warming needle moxibustion meth -od, and those in the control group were given the treatment of simple acupuncture .After three courses of treatment , the treatment effect and compliance of two groups during treatment was closely obserred .Results Efficiency of warming acupuncture group was 95.0%.It had significant difference compared with 85.7%in the control group (P<0.05).Treatment compliance rate of warming acupuncture was 95.2%, which was significantly higher than 85.4%of control group (P<0.05).At the end of each treatment period , Joint pain relief degree of warming acupuncture group patients were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), and joint pain degree of warm acupuncture group reduced significantly after a course reduced compared with it before a course (P<0.05).Conclusion The cur-ative effect of warm acupuncture in the treatment on knee osteoarthritis of deficiency cold type is better than that of simple acupuncture therapy.It is worth in clinical application .