Dietary neutral detergent fibre and lignin contents affect intake, digestibility and digesta retention in captive sloths (Bradypus variegatus).

We evaluated food intake, digestibility, digesta retention and digestible energy (DE) intake in four three-toed sloths (Bradypus variegatus, body mass 2.86 ± 0.10 kg) fed two leaf-based diets containing different neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and lignin contents. Total dry matter intake (DMI), and intake in relation to body mass and metabolic body weight were higher for the mixed diet with lower NDF content based on Pterondon sp. + Inga sp. (47 g day-1 , 16 g kg-1 day-1 and 21 g kg-0.75 day-1 ) compared to the treatment with higher content of NDF from only Cecropia pachystachya leaves (37 g day-1 , 14 g kg-1 day-1 and 18 g kg-0.75 day-1 ). The digestibility of dry matter (dDM) and neutral detergent fibre (dNDF) were higher in the mixed diet (60% and 61% respectively). There was a higher supply of DE and metabolisable energy (ME) on the mixed diet, at 221 and 199 kJ kg-0.75 day-1 , meeting the average energy requirement of 185 kJ ME kg-0.75 day-1 ME estimated for sloths in this study. In contrast, the diet with C. pachystachya generated a deficit of 31 kJ ME kg-0.75 day-1 . There was a correlation between DMI and dNDF (r2 = 0.89), and between dNDF and dDM (r2 = 0.98) across treatments. The mean retention times for a liquid and a particle marker were lower on the mixed diet with the higher intake at 133 h (passage rate = 0.75% h-1 ) and 181 h (0.55% h-1 ), and longer on the single-species diet with lower intake at 204 h (0.49% h-1 ) and 261 h (0.38% h-1 ). The results suggest that it may be beneficial for sloths to be offered a variety of browse from which they can choose low-NDF components. Further, we suggest that these sloths perform 'digesta washing' to increase the microbial yield in the stomach to maximise the digestion of NDF and dry matter.

Digestibility, performance and economic efficiency of diets containing phytase and distillers dried grains with solubles for growing pigs / Digestibilidade, desempenho e eficiência econômica de dietas contendo fitase e grãos secos de destilaria com solúveis para suínos em crescimento

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of phytase enzyme and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on the digestibility, performance and economic viability of growing pigs. Two experiments were conducted with a reference diet (RD) based on corn and soybean meal: RD with 200 g kg -1 DDGS (DDGS); RD + 1,000 units of phytase (PHY); and RD + 200 g kg-1 DDGS + 1,000 units of phytase (D+P). In experiment 1, eight castrated male pigs weighing 29.35 ± 5.74 kg were used through the total collection method and replicates in time for digestibility evaluation. In experiment 2, 40 castrated male pigs 47.65 ± 3.99 kg, with five replicates of two animals per experimental unit, were used for performance and economic evaluation. DDGS increased the excretion of nitrogen and energy in feces and urine, impairing the digestibility coefficients and metabolizability of dietary energy. The animals that consumed diets with DDGS presented the worst performance, while phytase did not influence the results. Diets with the inclusion of 200 g kg -1 DDGS and 1,000 units of phytase did not differ in cost per kilogram compared to the control diet.(AU)

Este estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos da enzima fitase e dos grãos secos de destilaria com solúveis (distillers dried grains with solubles - DDGS) sobre digestibilidade, desempenho e viabilidade econômica de suínos em crescimento. Foram realizados dois experimentos, com uma dieta de referência (RD) à base de milho e farelo de soja; RD + 200 g kg -1 DDGS (DDGS); RD + 1.000 unidades de fitase (PHY); e RD + 200 g kg -1 DDGS + 1.000 unidades de fitase (D + P). No experimento 1, oito suínos machos castrados com peso de 29,35 ± 5,74 kg foram usados através do método de coleta total, com repetição no tempo para avaliação da digestibilidade. No experimento 2, 40 suínos machos castrados 47,65 ± 3,99 kg, com cinco repetições de dois animais por unidade experimental foram usados para avaliação de desempenho e viabilidade econômica. DDGS aumentou a excreção de nitrogênio e energia nas fezes e na urina, prejudicando os coeficientes de digestibilidade e a metabolizabilidade da energia. Os animais que consumiram dietas com DDGS apresentaram pior desempenho enquanto a fitase não afetou os resultados. As dietas com a inclusão de 200 g kg -1 DDGS e 1.000 unidades de fitase não diferem no custo por quilograma em relação à dieta de controle.(AU)

Comparison of digestible and metabolizable energy and digestible phosphorus and amino acid content of corn ethanol coproducts from Brazil and the United States produced using fiber separation technology for swine.

Three experiments (exp.) were conducted to determine and compare the digestibility of nutrients and energy of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from the United States (USDDGS), a dried mixture of corn bran with solubles (CBS) from Brazil (BRCBS), and high protein corn distillers dried grains (HP-DDG) from the United States (USHPDG) and Brazil (BRHPDG) in growing pigs. The feed ingredients were evaluated for apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE), dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract, neutral and acid detergent fiber (NDF and ADF, respectively), and digestible and metabolizable energy (DE and ME, respectively) using the total collection and index methods in exp. 1; ATTD and standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of phosphorus (P) in exp. 2; and apparent (AID) and standardized (SID) ileal digestibilities of CP and amino acids (AA) in exp. 3. Fifty crossbred barrows (32.4 ± 6.9, 38.3 ± 5.2, and 46.2 ± 5.3 kg body weight [BW], in exp. 1, 2, and 3, respectively) were fed a corn basal diet in exp. 1, a P-free diet in exp. 2, and an N-free diet in exp. 3 or diets with 40% inclusion of test ingredients to provide 10 replications per treatment. Pigs were housed individually in metabolism cages (exp. 1) or in pens (exp. 2 and 3) and fed at 2.8 times the maintenance DE requirement (110 kcal/kg BW0.75) based on their BW at the beginning of each experiment. Except for ATTD of NDF, which tended (P = 0.058) to be greater by the index method compared with the total collection method, no difference between the total collection and index methods was observed for ATTD of remaining nutrients and DE. The ATTD of DM, GE, NDF, and DE content of BRHPDG were greater (P < 0.001) than USHPDG, BRCBS, and USDDGS. The AID of CP, Arg, His, Ile, Leu, Lys, Thr, and Val and the SID of His, Leu, Lys, and Val of BRHPDG were 8% to 36% greater (P < 0.05) than those from USHPDG. Except for Trp, all AID and SID AA values were greater (P < 0.05) in BRHPDG than in USHPDG. The ATTD of DM, GE, NDF, and ADF; DE and ME content; AID of CP, Arg, Ile, Leu, Phe, Thr, and Trp; and SID of CP, Arg, Phe, and Thr of USDDGS were 9% to 45% greater (P < 0.05) than those in BRCBS. The ATTD and the STTD of P in USHPDG and USDDGS were 26% to 42% greater (P < 0.05) compared with BRHPDG and BRCBS. In conclusion, BRHPDG had a greater digestibility of energy and most of the AA than USHPDG, while the BRCBS evaluated had lower nutritional value than the USDDGS source.

Nutritional value of distillers dried grains with solubles from corn and sorghum and xylanase in diets for pigs

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the digestibility and energy of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from corn and sorghum with or without xylanase enzyme in diets for pigs. The values of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), mineral matter (MM), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), gross (GE), digestible (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and digestibility coefficients (DC) were determined. In the experiment 1, we used eight barrows of 26.15±3.45 kg with repeated measures in three periods of five days of collection. The treatments consisted of a reference diet (RD); RD with 200 g kg−1 corn DDGS or sorghum DDGS; and RD with 400 g kg−1 corn DDGS or sorghum DDGS. Corn DDGS showed higher values of DE, ME, and DC of EE, GE, and CP. Inclusions of 400 g kg−1 of the test ingredients resulted in higher values of DE and ME and trend for higher DC of DM, OM, and CP. In experiment 2, nine barrows weighing 34.91±1.46 kg were fed RD, 200 g kg−1 corn DDGS or 200 g kg−1 corn DDGS plus xylanase enzyme. The inclusion of xylanase did not influence the digestibility and energy values in diets containing corn DDGS. Values of DE and ME of corn DDGS were 3,477 and 3,277 kcal kg−1, respectively, for the substitution of 200 g kg−1 and 3,761 and 3,068 kcal kg−1 for the substitution of 400 g kg−1 RD. For sorghum DDGS, DE and ME values were 3,030 and 2,863 kcal kg−1, respectively, for replacement of 200 g kg−1 and 3,398 and 3,296 kcal kg−1 for substitution of 400 g kg−1 RD. Levels of up to 400 g kg−1 do not influence the DE and ME of the diets but impair the digestibility coefficient of DM, OM, CP, EE, MM, and NDF. The use of xylanase enzyme in diets containing 200 g kg−1 of corn DDGS does not affect the digestibility of the diets.(AU)

Avaliação nutricional do resíduo desidratado de cervejaria para coelhos em crescimento / Nutritional evaluation of dried brewer for growing rabbits

Foi conduzido um ensaio de digestibilidade para determinar o valor nutritivo do resíduo desidratado de cervejaria (RDC) e outro para verificar o desempenho de coelhos em crescimento alimentados com rações contendo diferentes níveis de RDC e a viabilidade econômica da utilização do RDC. No ensaio de digestibilidade, foram utilizados 20 coelhos, de ambos os sexos, da raça Nova Zelândia Branco, com idade média de 45 dias, distribuídos em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com dois tratamentos, sendo uma dieta referência e outra dieta teste, na qual o RDC substituiu a ração referência em nível de 30%. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente (CDA) da matéria seca (MS), da energia bruta (EB), da proteína bruta (PB) do RDC foram de 49,97%, 49,34%, e 71,06%, respectivamente, com valores de energia digestível (ED) e proteína digestível (PD) do RDC, com base na matéria seca, de 2330,60kcal/kg e 15,75%. No experimento de desempenho, foram avaliadas rações com níveis de inclusão de RDC de 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% e 25%. Foram utilizados 120 coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia Branco, 60 machos e 60 fêmeas, com 32 dias de idade, em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com seis tratamentos e 10 repetições, sendo a unidade experimental constituída por dois animais. Não foram observadas diferenças no desempenho dos coelhos alimentados com ração contendo níveis crescentes de RDC, exceto para a conversão alimentar aos 70 dias, que apresentou efeito quadrático no período dos 32 aos 70 dias de idade, com a pior conversão alimentar ao nível de 16,95% de RDC. No entanto, houve redução linear nos custos com alimentação, por quilo de ganho de peso dos animais. Conclui-se que o resíduo desidratado de cervejaria apresenta CDA equivalente aos ingredientes convencionais, podendo ser incluído até o nível máximo estudado de 25% nas rações de coelhos em crescimento, sem prejudicar o desempenho.(AU)

Two experiments were conducted, being a digestibility assay in order to determine the nutritive value of dehydrated diets containing different levels of DBR, and the economic viability of the use of DRC brewer residue (DBR) and other assays to verify the performance of growing rabbits fed. In the digestibility experiment, twenty White New Zealand rabbits were used, with an average age of 45 days, of both genders, distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments, one reference diet and other test diets, in which the DBR replaced the basal diet at 30% level. The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), crude protein (CP) of DBR were, respectively, 49.97%, 49.34% and 71.06%. The values of digestible energy (DE) and digestible protein (DP) of the DBR, based on dry matter, were 2330.60kcal/kg and 15.75%. In the performance experiment, diets with levels of DBR inclusion of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% were evaluated. One hundred and twenty 32 days old New Zealand White rabbits were used, being 60 males and 60 females, distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments and ten replicates, and the experimental unit consisted of two animals. No differences (P>0.05) were observed in the performance of rabbits fed diets containing increasing levels of dehydrated brewer residue, except for feed conversion at 70 days which presented a quadratic effect, with the worst results at the level of 16.95% of the DBR inclusion in the diet. It is concluded that the dehydrated brewer residue has good nutritional value and can be included up to the maximum level studied of 25% in the diets of growing rabbits, with no damage to its performance.(AU)

Avaliação nutricional do resíduo desidratado de cervejaria para coelhos em crescimento / Nutritional evaluation of dried brewer for growing rabbits

Foi conduzido um ensaio de digestibilidade para determinar o valor nutritivo do resíduo desidratado de cervejaria (RDC) e outro para verificar o desempenho de coelhos em crescimento alimentados com rações contendo diferentes níveis de RDC e a viabilidade econômica da utilização do RDC. No ensaio de digestibilidade, foram utilizados 20 coelhos, de ambos os sexos, da raça Nova Zelândia Branco, com idade média de 45 dias, distribuídos em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com dois tratamentos, sendo uma dieta referência e outra dieta teste, na qual o RDC substituiu a ração referência em nível de 30%. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente (CDA) da matéria seca (MS), da energia bruta (EB), da proteína bruta (PB) do RDC foram de 49,97%, 49,34%, e 71,06%, respectivamente, com valores de energia digestível (ED) e proteína digestível (PD) do RDC, com base na matéria seca, de 2330,60kcal/kg e 15,75%. No experimento de desempenho, foram avaliadas rações com níveis de inclusão de RDC de 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% e 25%. Foram utilizados 120 coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia Branco, 60 machos e 60 fêmeas, com 32 dias de idade, em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com seis tratamentos e 10 repetições, sendo a unidade experimental constituída por dois animais. Não foram observadas diferenças no desempenho dos coelhos alimentados com ração contendo níveis crescentes de RDC, exceto para a conversão alimentar aos 70 dias, que apresentou efeito quadrático no período dos 32 aos 70 dias de idade, com a pior conversão alimentar ao nível de 16,95% de RDC. No entanto, houve redução linear nos custos com alimentação, por quilo de ganho de peso dos animais. Conclui-se que o resíduo desidratado de cervejaria apresenta CDA equivalente aos ingredientes convencionais, podendo ser incluído até o nível máximo estudado de 25% nas rações de coelhos em crescimento, sem prejudicar o desempenho.(AU)

Two experiments were conducted, being a digestibility assay in order to determine the nutritive value of dehydrated diets containing different levels of DBR, and the economic viability of the use of DRC brewer residue (DBR) and other assays to verify the performance of growing rabbits fed. In the digestibility experiment, twenty White New Zealand rabbits were used, with an average age of 45 days, of both genders, distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments, one reference diet and other test diets, in which the DBR replaced the basal diet at 30% level. The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), crude protein (CP) of DBR were, respectively, 49.97%, 49.34% and 71.06%. The values of digestible energy (DE) and digestible protein (DP) of the DBR, based on dry matter, were 2330.60kcal/kg and 15.75%. In the performance experiment, diets with levels of DBR inclusion of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% were evaluated. One hundred and twenty 32 days old New Zealand White rabbits were used, being 60 males and 60 females, distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments and ten replicates, and the experimental unit consisted of two animals. No differences (P>0.05) were observed in the performance of rabbits fed diets containing increasing levels of dehydrated brewer residue, except for feed conversion at 70 days which presented a quadratic effect, with the worst results at the level of 16.95% of the DBR inclusion in the diet. It is concluded that the dehydrated brewer residue has good nutritional value and can be included up to the maximum level studied of 25% in the diets of growing rabbits, with no damage to its performance.(AU)

Development and ex post validation of prediction equations of corn energy values for growing pigs / Determinação e validação ex post de equações de predição dos valores energéticos do milho para suínos em crescimento

The aim of this study was to determine and validate prediction equations for digestible (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) of corn for growing pigs. The prediction equations were developed based on data on the chemical composition, digestible and metabolizable energy of corn grain (30 samples) evaluated in experiments in Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Brazil. The equations were evaluated using regression analysis, and adjusted R² was the criterion for selection of the best models. Two equations were tested for DE and ME, each. To validate the equations, 1 experiment with 2 assays was performed to determine the values of DE and ME of 5 corn cultivars. In each assay, we used 24 growing pigs with initial average weight of 54.21 ± 1.68 kg in complete randomized block design with 6 treatments and 4 replicates. Treatments consisted of a reference diet and 5 ration tests composed of 60% of the reference diet and 40% of corn (1 of the 5 cultivars). Based on the results of the metabolic experiment and predicted values obtained in the equations, the validation of the equations was conducted using the lowest prediction error (pe) as a criterion for selection. The equations that produced the most accurate estimates of DE and ME of corn were as follows: DE = 11812 1015.9CP 837.9EE 1641ADF + 2616.3Ash + 47.5(CP2) + 114.7(CF2) + 46(ADF2) 1.6(NDF2) 997.1(Ash2) + 151.9EECF + 23.2EENDF 126.4CPCF + 136.4CPADF 4.0CPNDF, with R2 = 0.81 and pe = 2.33; ME = 12574 1254.9CP 1140.5EE 1359.9ADF + 2816.3Ash + 77.6(CP2) + 92.3(CF2) + 54.1(ADF2) 1.8(NDF2) 1097.2(Ash2) + 240.6EECF + 26.3EENDF 157.4CPCF + 96.5CPADF 4.4CPNDF, with R2 = 0.89 and pe = 2.24. Thus, using the data on chemical composition, it is possible to derive prediction equations for DE and ME of corn for pigs; these equations seem to be valid because of the small prediction errors suggestive of high accuracy of these models.(AU)

Objetivou-se determinar e validar equações de predição para energia digestível (ED) e metabolizável (EM) do milho para suínos em crescimento. Foram utilizados dados de composição química e de digestibilidade e metabolizabilidade de 30 amostras de grãos de milho avaliadas em experimentos na Embrapa Suínos e Aves, sendo as equações estimadas por meio da análise de regressão e o R² ajustado como critério para selecionar os melhores modelos. Para a validação das equações, foi realizado um experimento com dois ensaios para a determinação dos valores de ED e EM dos grãos de milho de cinco cultivares. Em cada ensaio, 24 leitões machos castrados com peso médio inicial de 54,21±1,68 kg foram distribuídos em um delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com 6 tratamentos e 4 repetições. Os tratamentos foram uma ração referência e cinco rações testes, compostas por 60% da ração referência e 40% do milho de cada um dos cinco diferentes cultivares. A partir dos resultados do experimento e dos valores preditos pelas equações, procedeu-se a validação das equações, sendo o critério de seleção o menor erro de predição. As equações que melhor se ajustaram para os valores de ED e EM do milho foram: ED = 11812 1015,9(PB) 837,9(EE) 1641(FDA) + 2616,3(MM) + 47,5(PB2) + 114,7(FB2) + 46(FDA2) 1,6(FDN2) 997,1(MM2) + 151,9(EEFB) + 23,2(EEFDN) 126,4(PBFB) + 136,4(PBFDA) 4,0(PBFDN), com R2=0,81 e ep=2,24. A partir dos dados de composição química, foi possível determinar equações de predição para os valores de ED e EM do milho para suínos, sendo estas validadas pelo menor erro de predição para maior acurácia dos modelos.(AU)

Coprodutos da agroindústria na alimentação de leitões / Agro-industrial co-products in feed for piglets

Foi realizado um experimento para determinar a composição química e digestibilidade dos nutrientes e energia do resíduo de batata palha (RBP), resíduo de pipoca doce (RPD), resíduo de biscoito de trigo doce (RBT), e resíduo de biscoito de trigo salgado (RBS) para leitões. Foram determinados os valores de matéria seca (MS), proteína bruta (PB), extrato etéreo (EE), matéria mineral (MM), cálcio (Ca), fósforo (P), sódio (Na) e energia bruta (EB). A digestibilidade dos alimentos foi avaliada utilizando 18 suínos alojados em gaiolas de metabolismo durante dois períodos consecutivos de 12 dias, sendo sete para adaptação e cinco destinados à coleta total de fezes. Os resultados de PB obtidos foram relativamente baixos, sendo 7,2; 6,0; 6,8 e 3,4% para o RBP, RPD, RBT e RBS, respectivamente. Os conteúdos de EE foram de 39,64; 7,12; 12,40; e 22,28% para o RBP, RPD, RBT e RBS, respectivamente. Os valores de Ca e P foram baixos e, em todos os coprodutos, inferiores a 0,18%. Teores elevados de Na foram encontrados no RBP e RBS (0,9 e 1,36%, respectivamente). A EB foi de 6.065; 4.199; 4.494; e 5.032 kcal kg-1 para RBP, RPD, RBT e RBS, respectivamente. Os valores de ED foram de 5.686; 3.995; 3.916 e 4.953 kcal kg-1, para RBP, RPD, RBT, e RBS e mostraram correlação linear e positiva (r2=0,97; P<0,05) com o teor de EE dos coprodutos. Estudos adicionais são necessários para estabelecer os teores ótimos de inclusão dos coprodutos analisados nas dietas de suínos. Contudo, os resultados de composição química e digestibilidade dos nutrientes e energia permitem concluir que os resíduos de batata palha, pipoca doce, biscoito de trigo doce e biscoito de trigo salgado possuem potencial para serem utilizados na alimentação de leitões.(AU)

One experiment was realized to determine the chemical composition and digestibility of nutrients and energy of shoestring potatoes residues (SP), sweet popcorn residues (SPC), wheat sweet biscuit residues (WSB) and wheat salted sticks residues (WSS) for piglets. The dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), mineral matter (MM), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and sodium (Na) and gross energy (GE) were measured. Eighteen castrated pigs penned in metabolic crates during two consecutive periods of 12 days (seven to adaptation and five to feces collection) were used to evaluate the digestibility´s coefficients of feedstuffs. The SP, SPC, WSB, and WSS had relatively low CP values 7.2; 6.0; 6.8 and 3.4%, respectively. The EE contents were 39.64; 7.12; 12.40 and 22.28% for SP, SPC; WSB and WSS, respectively. All the co-products evaluated had low values of Ca and P and anyone had a Ca and P value higher than 0.18% and the SPC and WSS had high Na levels (0.9 and 1.36%, respectively). The GE were 5.686; 3.995; 3.916; 4.953kcal kg-1 for SP, SPC; WSB and WSS, respectively and showed positive linear correlation (r2=0.97; P<0.05) with EE levels. Additional studies are necessary to establish the optimal levels of co-products to include in pigs diets. However, the results of chemical composition and digestibility of nutrients and energy indicate that shoestring potatoes residues, sweet popcorn residues, wheat sweet biscuit residues and wheat salted sticks residues have potential to be used in piglet's diets.(AU)

Coprodutos da agroindústria na alimentação de leitões / Agro-industrial co-products in feed for piglets

Foi realizado um experimento para determinar a composição química e digestibilidade dos nutrientes e energia do resíduo de batata palha (RBP), resíduo de pipoca doce (RPD), resíduo de biscoito de trigo doce (RBT), e resíduo de biscoito de trigo salgado (RBS) para leitões. Foram determinados os valores de matéria seca (MS), proteína bruta (PB), extrato etéreo (EE), matéria mineral (MM), cálcio (Ca), fósforo (P), sódio (Na) e energia bruta (EB). A digestibilidade dos alimentos foi avaliada utilizando 18 suínos alojados em gaiolas de metabolismo durante dois períodos consecutivos de 12 dias, sendo sete para adaptação e cinco destinados à coleta total de fezes. Os resultados de PB obtidos foram relativamente baixos, sendo 7,2; 6,0; 6,8 e 3,4% para o RBP, RPD, RBT e RBS, respectivamente. Os conteúdos de EE foram de 39,64; 7,12; 12,40; e 22,28% para o RBP, RPD, RBT e RBS, respectivamente. Os valores de Ca e P foram baixos e, em todos os coprodutos, inferiores a 0,18%. Teores elevados de Na foram encontrados no RBP e RBS (0,9 e 1,36%, respectivamente). A EB foi de 6.065; 4.199; 4.494; e 5.032 kcal kg-1 para RBP, RPD, RBT e RBS, respectivamente. Os valores de ED foram de 5.686; 3.995; 3.916 e 4.953 kcal kg-1, para RBP, RPD, RBT, e RBS e mostraram correlação linear e positiva (r2=0,97; P<0,05) com o teor de EE dos coprodutos. Estudos adicionais são necessários para estabelecer os teores ótimos de inclusão dos coprodutos analisados nas dietas de suínos. Contudo, os resultados de composição química e digestibilidade dos nutrientes e energia permitem concluir que os resíduos de batata palha, pipoca doce, biscoito de trigo doce e biscoito de trigo salgado possuem potencial para serem utilizados na alimentação de leitões.

One experiment was realized to determine the chemical composition and digestibility of nutrients and energy of shoestring potatoes residues (SP), sweet popcorn residues (SPC), wheat sweet biscuit residues (WSB) and wheat salted sticks residues (WSS) for piglets. The dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), mineral matter (MM), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and sodium (Na) and gross energy (GE) were measured. Eighteen castrated pigs penned in metabolic crates during two consecutive periods of 12 days (seven to adaptation and five to feces collection) were used to evaluate the digestibility´s coefficients of feedstuffs. The SP, SPC, WSB, and WSS had relatively low CP values 7.2; 6.0; 6.8 and 3.4%, respectively. The EE contents were 39.64; 7.12; 12.40 and 22.28% for SP, SPC; WSB and WSS, respectively. All the co-products evaluated had low values of Ca and P and anyone had a Ca and P value higher than 0.18% and the SPC and WSS had high Na levels (0.9 and 1.36%, respectively). The GE were 5.686; 3.995; 3.916; 4.953kcal kg-1 for SP, SPC; WSB and WSS, respectively and showed positive linear correlation (r2=0.97; P<0.05) with EE levels. Additional studies are necessary to establish the optimal levels of co-products to include in pigs diets. However, the results of chemical composition and digestibility of nutrients and energy indicate that shoestring potatoes residues, sweet popcorn residues, wheat sweet biscuit residues and wheat salted sticks residues have potential to be used in piglet's diets.

Development and ex post validation of prediction equations of corn energy values for growing pigs / Determinação e validação ex post de equações de predição dos valores energéticos do milho para suínos em crescimento

The aim of this study was to determine and validate prediction equations for digestible (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) of corn for growing pigs. The prediction equations were developed based on data on the chemical composition, digestible and metabolizable energy of corn grain (30 samples) evaluated in experiments in Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Brazil. The equations were evaluated using regression analysis, and adjusted R² was the criterion for selection of the best models. Two equations were tested for DE and ME, each. To validate the equations, 1 experiment with 2 assays was performed to determine the values of DE and ME of 5 corn cultivars. In each assay, we used 24 growing pigs with initial average weight of 54.21 ± 1.68 kg in complete randomized block design with 6 treatments and 4 replicates. Treatments consisted of a reference diet and 5 ration tests composed of 60% of the reference diet and 40% of corn (1 of the 5 cultivars). Based on the results of the metabolic experiment and predicted values obtained in the equations, the validation of the equations was conducted using the lowest prediction error (pe) as a criterion for selection. The equations that produced the most accurate estimates of DE and ME of corn were as follows: DE = 11812 1015.9CP 837.9EE 1641ADF + 2616.3Ash + 47.5(CP2) + 114.7(CF2) + 46(ADF2) 1.6(NDF2) 997.1(Ash2) + 151.9EECF + 23.2EENDF 126.4CPCF + 136.4CPADF – 4.0CPNDF, with R2 = 0.81 and pe = 2.33; ME = 12574 – 1254.9CP – 1140.5EE – 1359.9ADF + 2816.3Ash + 77.6(CP2) + 92.3(CF2) + 54.1(ADF2) – 1.8(NDF2) – 1097.2(Ash2) + 240.6EECF + 26.3EENDF – 157.4CPCF + 96.5CPADF – 4.4CPNDF, with R2 = 0.89 and pe = 2.24. Thus, using the data on chemical composition, it is possible to derive prediction equations for DE and ME of corn for pigs; these equations seem to be valid because of the small prediction errors suggestive of high accuracy of these models.

Objetivou-se determinar e validar equações de predição para energia digestível (ED) e metabolizável (EM) do milho para suínos em crescimento. Foram utilizados dados de composição química e de digestibilidade e metabolizabilidade de 30 amostras de grãos de milho avaliadas em experimentos na Embrapa Suínos e Aves, sendo as equações estimadas por meio da análise de regressão e o R² ajustado como critério para selecionar os melhores modelos. Para a validação das equações, foi realizado um experimento com dois ensaios para a determinação dos valores de ED e EM dos grãos de milho de cinco cultivares. Em cada ensaio, 24 leitões machos castrados com peso médio inicial de 54,21±1,68 kg foram distribuídos em um delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com 6 tratamentos e 4 repetições. Os tratamentos foram uma ração referência e cinco rações testes, compostas por 60% da ração referência e 40% do milho de cada um dos cinco diferentes cultivares. A partir dos resultados do experimento e dos valores preditos pelas equações, procedeu-se a validação das equações, sendo o critério de seleção o menor erro de predição. As equações que melhor se ajustaram para os valores de ED e EM do milho foram: ED = 11812 1015,9(PB) 837,9(EE) 1641(FDA) + 2616,3(MM) + 47,5(PB2) + 114,7(FB2) + 46(FDA2) 1,6(FDN2) 997,1(MM2) + 151,9(EEFB) + 23,2(EEFDN) 126,4(PBFB) + 136,4(PBFDA) 4,0(PBFDN), com R2=0,81 e ep=2,24. A partir dos dados de composição química, foi possível determinar equações de predição para os valores de ED e EM do milho para suínos, sendo estas validadas pelo menor erro de predição para maior acurácia dos modelos.

Desempenho de láparos oriundos de matrizes alimentadas com diferentes níveis de energia / Performance of rabbits wean from females fed with different levels of energy

The aimed of this study is evaluate weight gain of six litters derived from lactating rabbits fed with two different energy levels was assessed. Fifty-four young rabbits of New Zealand White kind were used. These were subjected to different levels of digestible energy in the diet at two different treatments: DAC: 2.800 kcal diet containing digestible energy, DBC: 2.600 kcal control diet containing digestible energy. The parameter evaluated was weight gain of the litter, to the energy level of the diet provided. The methods were used to evaluate the correlation analysis, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with two treatments and three replications each (p<0.15). It was concluded in this study that the difference 200 kcal of digestible energy in the levels 2.600 Kcal/kg and 2.800 Kcal/kg on diets for lactating mothers affect the performance of their litters.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o ganho de peso de láparos oriundos de coelhas alimentadas com diferentes níveis de energia digestível. Foram utilizados 54 láparos, da raça Nova Zelândia Branca oriundos de dois diferentes grupos com três matrizes cada submetidas a diferentes dietas: DAC: Dieta de alta caloria, contendo 2.800 kcal de energia digestível; DBC: Dieta controle de baixa caloria contendo 2.600 kcal de energia digestível. O ensaio biológico totalizou o período da lactação das coelhas que compreendeu 28 dias. O parâmetro avaliado foi ganho de peso da ninhada, em relação ao nível energético da dieta fornecida. Os métodos utilizados para avaliação foram análise de correlação, e análise de variância (p<0,15). Concluiu-se no presente estudo que a diferença de 200 kcal no intervalo energético de 2.600 Kcal para 2.800 Kcal de energia digestível em dietas para matrizes lactantes influi no desempenho de suas ninhadas.

Desempenho de láparos oriundos de matrizes alimentadas com diferentes níveis de energia / Performance of rabbits wean from females fed with different levels of energy

The aimed of this study is evaluate weight gain of six litters derived from lactating rabbits fed with two different energy levels was assessed. Fifty-four young rabbits of New Zealand White kind were used. These were subjected to different levels of digestible energy in the diet at two different treatments: DAC: 2.800 kcal diet containing digestible energy, DBC: 2.600 kcal control diet containing digestible energy. The parameter evaluated was weight gain of the litter, to the energy level of the diet provided. The methods were used to evaluate the correlation analysis, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with two treatments and three replications each (p<0.15). It was concluded in this study that the difference 200 kcal of digestible energy in the levels 2.600 Kcal/kg and 2.800 Kcal/kg on diets for lactating mothers affect the performance of their litters.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o ganho de peso de láparos oriundos de coelhas alimentadas com diferentes níveis de energia digestível. Foram utilizados 54 láparos, da raça Nova Zelândia Branca oriundos de dois diferentes grupos com três matrizes cada submetidas a diferentes dietas: DAC: Dieta de alta caloria, contendo 2.800 kcal de energia digestível; DBC: Dieta controle de baixa caloria contendo 2.600 kcal de energia digestível. O ensaio biológico totalizou o período da lactação das coelhas que compreendeu 28 dias. O parâmetro avaliado foi ganho de peso da ninhada, em relação ao nível energético da dieta fornecida. Os métodos utilizados para avaliação foram análise de correlação, e análise de variância (p<0,15). Concluiu-se no presente estudo que a diferença de 200 kcal no intervalo energético de 2.600 Kcal para 2.800 Kcal de energia digestível em dietas para matrizes lactantes influi no desempenho de suas ninhadas.(AU)

Efeito da inclusão de soja integral em rações extrusadas no desempenho de juvenis de piavuçu (Leporinus macrocephalus L. ) / Effect of soybean inclusion in extruded rations on performance of juvenile piavuçu (Leporinus macrocephalus L. )

Com este estudo objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da inclusão de soja integral em rações extrusadas com diferentes níveis de energia digestível na dieta de juvenis de piavuçu (Leporinus macrocephalus L.). Foram distribuídos 100 peixes com peso inicial de 5,06 ± 0,41 g, em 20 aquários (80 L), num delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos (0; 20,0; 35,0; 50,0 e 67,5% de soja integral nas dietas) e quatro repetições. Dietas isoprotéicas, isocálcicas, isofosfóricas, isoaminoácidicas para metionina e com diferentes valores de energia digestível (3.193; 3.326; 3.413; 3.510 e 3.621 kcal/kg) foram fornecidas aos peixes durante setenta dias. Os seguintes critérios foram avaliados: peso final, ganho de peso, incremento em comprimento, consumo diário de ração, conversão alimentar, taxa de eficiência proteica e taxa de sobrevivência. Os tratamentos não diferiram (P>0,05) entre si em relação aos critérios avaliados. Concluiu-se que a inclusão de soja integral nas rações para juvenis de piavuçu é viável, podendo substituir parcial ou totalmente o farelo de soja, sem prejuízo de desempenho, embora proporcione maior deposição de gordura na carcaça.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of extruded soybean in diets for piavuçu (Leporinus macrocephalus L.) juveniles with different levels of digestible energy. A hundred fish with initial weight of 5.06 ± 0.61 g were distributed into 20 aquarium (80 L), in a entirely randomized design with five treatments (0.00, 20.00, 35.00, 50.00 and 67.5% full fat soybean in the diets) and four replications. Isonitrogenous, isocalcium, isophosphorus, isoaminoacids for methionine diets with different digestible energy values (3,193; 3,326; 3,413; 3,510 and 3,621 kcal/kg) were given to fish for seventy days. The criteria evaluated were weight gain, length increment, daily feed intake, feed gain, protein efficiency ratio and survival rate. No differences (P>0.05) were observed among treatments regarding the performance criteria. We concluded that the inclusion of full fat soybean in piavuçu juveniles diet is a viable option, and it may partially or totally replace soybean meal, without decreasing performance, while providing greater deposition of fat in the carcass.(AU)

Efeito da inclusão de soja integral em rações extrusadas no desempenho de juvenis de piavuçu (Leporinus macrocephalus L. ) / Effect of soybean inclusion in extruded rations on performance of juvenile piavuçu (Leporinus macrocephalus L. )

Com este estudo objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da inclusão de soja integral em rações extrusadas com diferentes níveis de energia digestível na dieta de juvenis de piavuçu (Leporinus macrocephalus L.). Foram distribuídos 100 peixes com peso inicial de 5,06 ± 0,41 g, em 20 aquários (80 L), num delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos (0; 20,0; 35,0; 50,0 e 67,5% de soja integral nas dietas) e quatro repetições. Dietas isoprotéicas, isocálcicas, isofosfóricas, isoaminoácidicas para metionina e com diferentes valores de energia digestível (3.193; 3.326; 3.413; 3.510 e 3.621 kcal/kg) foram fornecidas aos peixes durante setenta dias. Os seguintes critérios foram avaliados: peso final, ganho de peso, incremento em comprimento, consumo diário de ração, conversão alimentar, taxa de eficiência proteica e taxa de sobrevivência. Os tratamentos não diferiram (P>0,05) entre si em relação aos critérios avaliados. Concluiu-se que a inclusão de soja integral nas rações para juvenis de piavuçu é viável, podendo substituir parcial ou totalmente o farelo de soja, sem prejuízo de desempenho, embora proporcione maior deposição de gordura na carcaça.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of extruded soybean in diets for piavuçu (Leporinus macrocephalus L.) juveniles with different levels of digestible energy. A hundred fish with initial weight of 5.06 ± 0.61 g were distributed into 20 aquarium (80 L), in a entirely randomized design with five treatments (0.00, 20.00, 35.00, 50.00 and 67.5% full fat soybean in the diets) and four replications. Isonitrogenous, isocalcium, isophosphorus, isoaminoacids for methionine diets with different digestible energy values (3,193; 3,326; 3,413; 3,510 and 3,621 kcal/kg) were given to fish for seventy days. The criteria evaluated were weight gain, length increment, daily feed intake, feed gain, protein efficiency ratio and survival rate. No differences (P>0.05) were observed among treatments regarding the performance criteria. We concluded that the inclusion of full fat soybean in piavuçu juveniles diet is a viable option, and it may partially or totally replace soybean meal, without decreasing performance, while providing greater deposition of fat in the carcass.

Efecto ahorrativo de la proteína usando niveles altos de energía y obtención de la relación optima energía digestible/proteína digestible en dietas para el crecimiento de Oreochromis niloticus (L)

Se evaluó el efecto ahorrativo de la proteína usando dietas altas en energía. Se utilizó un diseño factorial para medir la interacción de dos niveles de proteína (30% y 35%) y dos niveles de energía digestible (3.3 y 3.7 kcal/g de alimento) sobre la ganancia (GP), conversión alimenticia (CA), proteína retenida (PR), energía retenida (ER) y la relación de eficiencia proteica (REP) en la tilapia del Nilo todos machos (Oreochromis niloticus). En la composición de las dietas se emplearon harina de anchoveta y harina de torta de soya como fuentes de proteína y maíz amarillo duro y subproducto de trigo como fuentes de energía. El aceite de pescado fue añadido para ajustar los niveles de energía requeridos en las dietas experimentales. Se encontraron interacciones altamente significativas (P<0.01) entre la proteína y la energía digestible. Cuando se utilizaron las dietas con 30% de proteína, el incremento del nivel de energía digestible afectó significativamente la GP, CA, PR, ER y la REP, donde el nivel de 3.3 kcal/g tuvo el mejor comportamiento. Con 35% de proteína, el nivel de energía digestible no influyó significativamente sobre la GP, CA, PR, ER y la REP, sin embargo el nivel de 3.0 kcal/g tuvo el mayor rendimiento. Cuando se compararon las dos dietas no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Considerando el costo de la proteína dietaría se concluyó que la mejor respuesta fue obtenida con la dieta de 30% de proteína y 3.7 kcal/g de energía digestible y una relación optima energía digestible/proteína digestible de 13.75 kcal/g de proteína.

The sparing effect of the dietary protein using diets with high energy levels was evaluated. A factorial design was used to examine the interaction of two levels of protein (30 and 35%) and two levels of digestible energy (3.3 and 3.7 kcal/g) on the weight gain (WG), food conversion FC), retained protein (PR), retained energy (ER) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) in “sex reversal Nile tilapia” ( Oreochromis niloticus). Diets contained anchovy and soybean meal as protein sources and yellow corn and wheat bran as energy sources. The fish oil was used to adjust the energy levels. There were highly significant interactions (P<0.01) between the experimental diets. In diets with 30% proteins, the increase of digestible energy significantly enhances WG, FC, PR, ER and PER, where the level of 3.7 kcal/g had the best performance. With 35% protein, the increase of digestible energy had not significant influence on the GP, CA, PR, ER and PER, however the growth of sex reversal Nile Tilapia was improved with the level of 3.3 kcal/g. When were compared both diets, were not find significant differences. Considering the protein cost, it can be concluded that best response was obtained with a diet containing 30 % of protein and 3.7 kcal/g of digestible energy and optimum digestible energy/digestible protein ratio of 13.75 kcal/g protein.

Effects of different sampling intervals on apparent protein and energy digestibility of common feed ingredients by juvenile oscar fish (Astronotus ocellatus) - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i2.10541

This study evaluated the apparent protein and energy digestibility of common feed ingredients (soybean meal, fish meal, wheat meal and corn) by juvenile oscars using two different sampling intervals (30 min. and 12h). The 160 juvenile oscar fish tested (22.37 ± 3.06 g BW) were divided into four cylindrical plastic net cages, each one placed in a 1000 L feeding tank. The experiment was completely randomized in a 2 x 4 factorial design (2 feces collection intervals and 4 feed ingredients) with four replications. The statistical tests did not detect an interaction effect of sampling interval and type of ingredient on digestibility coefficients. Sampling interval did not affect protein and energy digestibility. The physical characteristics of juvenile oscar feces likely make them less susceptible to nutrient loss by leaching and can therefore be collected at longer intervals. Protein digestibility of the different ingredients was similar, showing that apparent digestibility of both animal and plant ingredients by juvenile oscars was efficient. Energy digestibility coefficients of fish meal and soybean meal were higher than those of wheat meal and corn. Carbohydrate-rich ingredients (wheat meal and corn) had the worst energy digestibility coefficients and are therefore not used efficiently by juvenile oscars.

Effect of broiler chicken age on ileal digestibility of corn germ meal - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i2.11812

The objective of this research study was to evaluate the effect of age on the apparent ileal digestibility coefficient of nutrients, gross energy and digestible energy of corn germ meal for broilers. Four digestibility trials were conducted using 280 broilers (Cobb 500) distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments and five replications, repeated at four ages (10, 20, 30 and 40 days). The number of birds used in the tests was 10, 8, 6 and 4 birds per experimental unit at the different ages. The results were analyzed considering as dependent variable the apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract and gross energy, digestible dry matter, digestible crude protein, lipid and digestible energy; and ages (10, 20, 30 and 40 days) as the independent variable. The results for the variables showed that bird age exerted influence only in the ileal digestibility of dry matter and gross energy. The digestible energy of corn germ meal increased by about 13 kcal kg-1 day-1 up to the evaluated age (40 days)

Effects of different sampling intervals on apparent protein and energy digestibility of common feed ingredients by juvenile oscar fish (Astronotus ocellatus) - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i2.10541

This study evaluated the apparent protein and energy digestibility of common feed ingredients (soybean meal, fish meal, wheat meal and corn) by juvenile oscars using two different sampling intervals (30 min. and 12h). The 160 juvenile oscar fish tested (22.37 ± 3.06 g BW) were divided into four cylindrical plastic net cages, each one placed in a 1000 L feeding tank. The experiment was completely randomized in a 2 x 4 factorial design (2 feces collection intervals and 4 feed ingredients) with four replications. The statistical tests did not detect an interaction effect of sampling interval and type of ingredient on digestibility coefficients. Sampling interval did not affect protein and energy digestibility. The physical characteristics of juvenile oscar feces likely make them less susceptible to nutrient loss by leaching and can therefore be collected at longer intervals. Protein digestibility of the different ingredients was similar, showing that apparent digestibility of both animal and plant ingredients by juvenile oscars was efficient. Energy digestibility coefficients of fish meal and soybean meal were higher than those of wheat meal and corn. Carbohydrate-rich ingredients (wheat meal and corn) had the worst energy digestibility coefficients and are therefore not used efficiently by juvenile oscars.

Effect of broiler chicken age on ileal digestibility of corn germ meal / Efeito da idade de frangos de corte sobre a digestibilidade ileal do gérmen integral de milho

The objective of this research study was to evaluate the effect of age on the apparent ileal digestibility coefficient of nutrients, gross energy and digestible energy of corn germ meal for broilers. Four digestibility trials were conducted using 280 broilers (Cobb 500) distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments and five replications, repeated at four ages (10, 20, 30 and 40 days). The number of birds used in the tests was 10, 8, 6 and 4 birds per experimental unit at the different ages. The results were analyzed considering as dependent variable the apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract and gross energy, digestible dry matter, digestible crude protein, lipid and digestible energy; and ages (10, 20, 30 and 40 days) as the independent variable. The results for the variables showed that bird age exerted influence only in the ileal digestibility of dry matter and gross energy. The digestible energy of corn germ meal increased by about 13 kcal kg-1 day-1 up to the evaluated age (40 days).

Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar o efeito da idade sobre os coeficientes de digestibilidade ileal aparente dos nutrientes, da energia bruta e os valores de energia digestível do gérmen integral de milho para frangos de corte. Quatro ensaios de digestibilidade foram realizados com 280 aves de corte (Cobb 500) distribuídas em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos avaliados consistiram das diferentes idades das aves: 10, 20, 30 e 40 dias. A quantidade de aves utilizadas nos ensaios foram: dez, oito, seis e quatro em cada unidade experimental, nas diferentes idades avaliadas, respectivamente. Os resultados foram analisados considerando-se como variável dependente a digestibilidade ileal aparente da matéria seca, da proteína bruta, do extrato etéreo e da energia bruta, matéria seca digestível, proteína bruta digestível, extrato etéreo digestível e energia digestível e como variável independente as idades (10, 20, 30 e 40 dias). Os resultados obtidos para as variáveis analisadas revelaram que a idade da ave exerceu influência apenas nos coeficientes de digestibilidade ileal da matéria seca e da energia bruta. A energia digestível do gérmen integral de milho aumentou cerca de 13 kcal kg-1 dia-1 até a idade avaliada (40 dias).

Effects of different sampling intervals on apparent protein and energy digestibility of common feed ingredients by juvenile oscar fish (Astronotus ocellatus) / Diferentes intervalos de coleta na determinação da digestibilidade aparente da proteína e da energia de ingredientes comuns para o apaiari (Astronotus ocellatus)

This study evaluated the apparent protein and energy digestibility of common feed ingredients (soybean meal, fish meal, wheat meal and corn) by juvenile oscars using two different sampling intervals (30 min. and 12h). The 160 juvenile oscar fish tested (22.37 ± 3.06 g BW) were divided into four cylindrical plastic net cages, each one placed in a 1000 L feeding tank. The experiment was completely randomized in a 2 x 4 factorial design (2 feces collection intervals and 4 feed ingredients) with four replications. The statistical tests did not detect an interaction effect of sampling interval and type of ingredient on digestibility coefficients. Sampling interval did not affect protein and energy digestibility. The physical characteristics of juvenile oscar feces likely make them less susceptible to nutrient loss by leaching and can therefore be collected at longer intervals. Protein digestibility of the different ingredients was similar, showing that apparent digestibility of both animal and plant ingredients by juvenile oscars was efficient. Energy digestibility coefficients of fish meal and soybean meal were higher than those of wheat meal and corn. Carbohydrate-rich ingredients (wheat meal and corn) had the worst energy digestibility coefficients and are therefore not used efficiently by juvenile oscars.

O presente estudo avaliou a digestibilidade aparente da proteína e da energia de ingredientes (farelo de soja, farinha de peixe, farelo de trigo e milho) por juvenis de apaiari (Astronotus ocellatus) usando dois diferentes intervalos de coleta (30 min. e 12h). Os 160 juvenis de apaiari utilizados (22,37 ± 3,06 g de peso corporal) foram divididos em quatro tanques rede plásticos e cilíndricos, cada um colocado em um tanque de alimentação de 1.000 L. O experimento foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 4 (2 intervalos de coleta de fezes e 4 ingredientes foram) com quatro repetições. Os testes estatísticos não detectaram efeito da interação entre o intervalo de coleta e tipo de ingrediente nos coeficientes de digestibilidade. O intervalo de coleta não afetou a digestibilidade da proteína e da energia. As características físicas das fezes dos juvenis de apaiari aparentemente as tornam menos sensíveis à perda de nutrientes por lixiviação, permitindo intervalos de coleta maiores. A digestibilidade da proteína dos ingredientes avaliados foi semelhante, mostrando que a digestibilidade aparente de ingredientes animais e vegetais por juvenis de apaiari é eficiente. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade da energia foram maiores para a farinha de peixe e o farelo de soja comparado a farelo de trigo e milho. Ingredientes ricos em carboidratos (farelo de trigo e milho) apresentaram os piores coeficientes de digestibilidade da energia e, portanto, não são usados eficientemente pelos juvenis de apaiari.