"I Have Faith in God That I Will Get Better"-The Multidimensional Perceptions and Expectations of Patients with Chronic Shoulder Pain: A Qualitative Analysis of Common Sense.

OBJECTIVE: This descriptive qualitative study aimed to gain insights into the expectations of individuals with chronic shoulder pain and to investigate how different levels of disability may influence their beliefs and expectations regarding improvement. METHODS: This qualitative study utilized the Common Sense Model (CSM) as its theoretical framework. Conducted within a public physical therapist clinic, individuals with chronic shoulder pain who were awaiting the initiation of the treatment were included. Participants, female and male [aged 30 to 69 years], were purposefully sampled. Thirty participants, categorized into 2 groups based on the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) scores, underwent semi-structured interviews. Group 1, lower SPADI scores (0 to 60), had 10 participants, and Group 2, higher SPADI scores (61 to 100), had 20 participants. Thematic analysis and inductive coding were employed to analyze the interviews. RESULTS: Common themes emerged in both groups: the use of medical terms for understanding the diagnosis and the multidimensional impact of pain. The last 2 themes differed between groups. Notable differences included Group 1's focus on resources for pain relief and positive expectations with physical therapy, while Group 2 emphasized rest, religion as a resource for pain relief, and God's role in improvement. CONCLUSION: These findings highlight the complexity of beliefs and expectations among patients with chronic shoulder pain. Individuals with greater disability often incorporated religious beliefs into their coping strategies, but they held lower recovery expectations and reported negative treatment experiences. These insights have implications for tailoring patient-centered care approaches. IMPACT: This study underscores the need for health care providers to consider the multidimensionality of recovery expectations, which can significantly influence patient outcomes. Clinicians can reflect on this knowledge to optimize treatment strategies and improve patient prognosis.

What are participant beliefs regarding physical therapy led treatment? A qualitative study of people living with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Physical therapist-led treatment programs are recommended for patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome. Views of people with FAI syndrome regarding such interventions are currently unknown, including perceptions of potential barriers and facilitators to participation and adherence to exercise programs. OBJECTIVES: To explore participant perceptions of physical therapist-led programs for FAI syndrome, including barriers and facilitators for accessing physical therapy, and adhering to a rehabilitation program. METHODS: Our qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to explore the perceptions of patients with FAI syndrome undertaking physical therapy-led treatment, where treatment was ceased due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The interview topic guide was informed by the Theoretical Domain Framework. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and data categories were developed using inductive thematic analysis. Themes were discussed between researchers until consensus was reached. RESULTS: Fourteen participants (mean age: 30 years) with a range of physical activity backgrounds undertook interviews. We identified four key themes, 1) Patients believed their hip pain was caused by structural damage worsened through exercise; 2) Barriers and facilitators on the feasibility of physical therapist-led programs; 3) Participants held beliefs regarding the importance of adjunct treatments to exercise; and 4) Impact of FAI syndrome on physical activity participation. CONCLUSION: People with FAI syndrome believe they have structural damage which leads to their hip pain and are often afraid to exercise due to fear of causing more damage to their hip. Our findings suggest that people with FAI syndrome want clear education about exercise, imaging, and expectations of cost and duration of treatment.

Medical Expectations of Physicians on AI Solutions in Daily Practice: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Background: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine has been a trending subject in the past few years. Although not frequently used in daily practice yet, it brings along many expectations, doubts, and fears for physicians. Surveys can be used to help understand this situation. Objective: This study aimed to explore the degree of knowledge, expectations, and fears on possible AI use by physicians in daily practice, according to sex and time since graduation. Methods: An electronic survey was sent to physicians of a large hospital in Brazil, from August to September 2022. Results: A total of 164 physicians responded to our survey. Overall, 54.3% (89/164) of physicians considered themselves to have an intermediate knowledge of AI, and 78.5% (128/163) believed that AI should be regulated by a governmental agency. If AI solutions were reliable, fast, and available, 77.9% (127/163) intended to frequently or always use AI for diagnosis (143/164, 87.2%), management (140/164, 85.4%), or exams interpretation (150/164, 91.5%), but their approvals for AI when used by other health professionals (85/163, 52.1%) or directly by patients (82/162, 50.6%) were not as high. The main benefit would be increasing the speed for diagnosis and management (106/163, 61.3%), and the worst issue would be to over rely on AI and lose medical skills (118/163, 72.4%). Physicians believed that AI would be useful (106/163, 65%), facilitate their work (140/153, 91.5%), not alter the number of appointments (80/162, 49.4%), not interfere in their financial gain (94/162, 58%), and not replace their jobs but be an additional source of information (104/162, 64.2%). In case of disagreement between AI and physicians, most (108/159, 67.9%) answered that a third opinion should be requested. Physicians with ≤10 years since graduation would adopt AI solutions more frequently than those with >20 years since graduation (P=.04), and female physicians were more receptive to other hospital staff using AI than male physicians (P=.008). Conclusions: Physicians were shown to have good expectations regarding the use of AI in medicine when they apply it themselves, but not when used by others. They also intend to use it, as long as it was approved by a regulatory agency. Although there was hope for a beneficial impact of AI on health care, it also brings specific concerns.

Routine Outcome Monitoring from Psychotherapists' Perspectives: A Framework Analysis Study of Expected Benefits and Difficulties.

Psychotherapists' attitudes and expectations towards routine outcome monitoring can impact the likelihood of its fruitful implementation. While existing studies have predominantly focused on Europe and North America, research in Latin America remains limited. The aim of this study is to explore therapists' expected benefits and difficulties prior to implementing a routine outcome monitoring system in a university psychotherapy service in Ecuador. An exploratory and descriptive cross-sectional qualitative study was carried out with 20 participants aged 21 to 47. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore participants' knowledge about routine outcome monitoring, their expectations of the difficulties, benefits, usability and risks of using a monitoring system, as well as their expectations about their role in the process. The data analysis adhered to the framework analysis methodology, leading to the identification of six overarching themes, 36 specific themes and 82 subthemes. The interviews highlighted a spectrum of positive and negative expectations at several levels: institutional/general, therapeutic process, therapists, and clients. Perceived benefits encompassed various aspects, including the availability of supplementary information, continuous adaptation of the therapeutic process, facilitation of organization and treatment planning, opportunities for professional development, and fostering patient trust and empowerment. On the other hand, anticipated difficulties comprised concerns such as discomfort among therapists and clients, increased workload, system usage and technical difficulties, and the risk of excessive quantification. Overall, participants expressed more anticipated benefits than difficulties. We present recommendations that can support and optimize the current local implementation efforts of routine outcome monitoring, both within this service and in other settings. These recommendations consider ways to meet positive expectations and address or mitigate negative ones.

Una investigación etnográfica sobre la violencia médica en los centros de salud de Nepal / Ethnographic Investigation into Medical Violence in Nepali Healthcare Facilities / Uma investigação etnográfica da violência médica em centros de saúde no Nepal

Introducción: la violencia no es un subproducto inherente de las relaciones humanas, pero los con-flictos sí lo son. En este artículo se examinan los factores y circunstancias que conducen a la tensión y los conflictos entre las personas que buscan atención médica y los establecimientos médicos nepalíes y los miembros del personal que trabajan allí. Desarrollo: embebido con una revisión de la literatura relevante, a través del análisis de datos etnográficos generada a partir de la investigación de campo y el análisis de contenido de la representación de noticias seleccionada, el artículo se desarrolla en cuatro secciones diferentes. La primera parte trata sobre el contexto de las consultas médicas que resultan en el desarrollo de una relación problemática. A esto le sigue el examen de los diferentes tipos de violencia, enfrentamientos y protestas que surgen a través de tales relaciones. En la tercera parte se analizan las implicaciones de las crecientes promesas médicas y el consiguiente aumento de las expectativas, mien-tras que la última parte destaca cómo las prácticas médicas típicas que existen en los propios hospitales nepaleses aumentan la posibilidad de enfrentamientos y violencia. Conclusión: la frecuente ocurrencia de peleas y violencia médica tanto en hospitales públicos como privados en Nepal sugiere que hay una bre-cha de comunicación entre los proveedores de servicios y el paciente debido a la naturaleza esotérica de la medicina. El conflicto y la violencia hacia los proveedores de servicios también pueden prosperar en el contexto de un modelo explicativo diferencial de las dos partes. La creciente animosidad también indica una disminución de la confianza entre los proveedores de atención médica y los solicitantes en Nepal

Introduction: Violence is not an inherent by-product of human relationships, but conflicts are. This arti-cle examines the factors and circumstances that lead to tension and conflicts between health seekers, and their counterpart Nepali medical establishments, and their staff members. Development: The article is divided into four sections by embedding a relevant literature review, analyzing ethnographic data generated from field research, and analyzing the content analysis of selected news portrayals. The first section discusses the context of the medical consultations that lead to the development of a problematic relationship. This is followed by examining the various types of violence, confrontations, and protests that arise from such relationships. The implications of rising medical promises and resulting height-ened expectations are discussed in the third section. The last section focuses on how common medical practices in Nepali hospitals increase the possibility of confrontations and violence. Conclusions: The prevalence of tussles and medical violence in Nepal's public and private hospitals suggests that they can occur in any hospital, regardless of ownership. Because of the esoteric nature of medicine, there is always a communication gap between service providers and patients. Conflict and violence against service providers can thrive in the context of a two-sided differential explanatory model. The growing hostility also indicates a decline in trust between healthcare providers and patients in Nepal

Introdução: a violência não é um subproduto inerente às relações humanas, mas o conflito é. Este artigo examina os fatores e circunstâncias que levam à tensão e ao conflito entre as pessoas que pro-curam cuidados médicos e os estabelecimentos médicos nepaleses e os funcionários que aí trabalham. Desenvolvimento: incorporada a uma revisão da literatura relevante, através da análise de dados etno-gráficos gerados a partir da pesquisa de campo e da análise de conteúdo da representação noticiosa selecionada, o artigo desenvolve-se em quatro seções distintas. A primeira parte trata do contexto das consultas médicas que resultam no desenvolvimento de uma relação problemática. Em seguida, exa-minamos os diferentes tipos de violência, confrontos e protestos que surgem através de tais relações. A parte três discute as implicações das crescentes promessas médicas e o consequente aumento das expectativas, enquanto a última parte destaca como as práticas médicas típicas que existem nos próprios hospitais nepaleses aumentam o potencial de confrontos e violência. Conclusão: a frequente ocorrência de brigas e violência médica em hospitais públicos e privados no Nepal sugere-nos que podem ocorrer em qualquer hospital, independentemente do proprietário. Sempre existe uma lacuna de comunicação entre os prestadores de serviços e o paciente devido à natureza esotérica da medicina. O conflito e a vio-lência contra os prestadores de serviços também podem florescer no contexto de um modelo explicativo diferencial das duas partes. A crescente animosidade também indica um declínio na confiança entre os prestadores de cuidados de saúde e os requerentes no Nepal

MOTIVOS INTRÍNSECOS, EXTRÍNSECOS Y EXPECTATIVAS PARA ELECCIÓN DE LA CARRERA, COMO PREDICTORES DE RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO EN ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA / INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC MOTIVATIONS AND EXPECTATIONS FOR CAREER CHOICE, AS PREDICTORS OF ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN NURSING STUDENTS

[{"text": "INTRODUCCIÓN. El decantarse por una carrera universitaria, es una decisión que marca el futuro profesional de los jóvenes; en ella están envueltas motivaciones intrínsecas, extrínsecas y expectativas que pueden predecir el desempeño académico. OBJETIVO. Predecir el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de una facultad de enfermería, a través de los motivos intrínsecos, extrínsecos y expectativas para la elección de la carrera. METODOLOGÍA. Estudio correlacional, longitudinal, analítico. La muestra estuvo constituida por 400 estudiantes de primer semestre. Se aplicó una cédula socio demográfica; Escala de Motivación en Educación (EME); Escala de Expectativas Para la Elección de la Carrera e Interés Hacia los Estudios (EEPECIHE); Escala de Seguimiento Cambios en las Expectativas, Grado de Interés y Satisfacción de los Estudiantes (ESCEGIS). Los datos se analizaron con el software SPSS versión 25 para iOS; el estudio contó con la aprobación del comité de bioética en investigación de la Facultad de Enfermería Culiacán. RESULTADOS. Existen diferencias significativas de las motivaciones, expectativas y rendimiento académico (p <.05) al inicio del semestre y al finalizar el semestre; las motivaciones y expectativas predicen el rendimiento académico, en 74.6%, (R2=0,747, Ajuste R2 = 0,746,

Comparación de las expectativas académicas de universitarios colombianos de primer año según el nivel de escolaridad de los padres

Introducción: Las expectativas académicas representan aquello que los estudiantes esperan alcanzar durante su formación y son un factor predictivo del desempeño académico y social. Estas expectativas académicas son moldeadas por los padres, luego la educación de estos es una variable importante en el desarrollo académico de los hijos. Si bien los progenitores proyectan sus anhelos sobre sus hijos, los motivan a tener altos niveles de aspiración y son los responsables de crear ambientes intelectualmente más estimulantes; el objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las diferencias en las expectativas académicas de una muestra de estudiantes, según el nivel de escolaridad de sus padres. Método: Esta investigación contó con la participación de 261 estudiantes colombianos universitarios quienes están cursando su primer año de pregrado, entre los 16 y 54 años (media=21,9). Para este estudio se utilizó el Cuestionario de percepciones académicas-expectativas (CPA-E; Deaño et al., 2015); se obtuvieron los puntajes de cada participante, junto con sus datos sociodemográficos que estipulaban el nivel de escolaridad de los padres, y se llevaron a cabo los análisis descriptivos de cada grupo, y los análisis de varianza unidireccional (ANOVA). Resultados: Las expectativas académicas de los estudiantes con ambos padres sin educación superior (media = 189.176), se encuentran por debajo de la media, siendo significativamente diferentes a los puntajes de expectativas académicas de individuos con uno (media = 202.050) o ambos padres con estudios superiores (media = 204.286, p < 0,001). Discusión: Se demuestra la relevancia y necesidad del acceso a la educación para la mayoría de la población colombiana, entendiendo que este es un factor influyente en las expectativas académicas de una persona, y que debe tenerse un acompañamiento diferencial a los estudiantes con padres sin formación profesional.

Introduction: Academic expectations represent what students hope to achieve during their training and are a predictor of academic and social performance. These academic expectations are shaped by the parents, therefore their education is an important variable in the academic development of the children. Although parents project their aspirations on their children, motivate them to have high levels of aspiration and are responsible for creating more intellectually stimulating environments, the objective of this study was to identify the differences in the academic expectations of a sample of students, according to the level of education of their parents. Method: This research had the participation of 261 Colombian university students who are studying their first year of undergraduate, between the ages of 16 and 54 (mean = 21,9). For this study, the Academic Perceptions-Expectations Questionnaire (CPA-E; Deaño et al., 2015), was used, the scores of each participant were obtained, together with their sociodemographic data stipulating the parents' level of education, and descriptive data and one-way variance (ANOVA) analyzes were done. Results: The academic expectations of students with both parents without higher education (mean= 189.176), are below the average, being significantly different from the academic expectations scores of individuals with one (mean= 202.050) or both parents with higher education (mean= 204.286, p < 0,001). Discussion: The relevance and need of access to education for most of the Colombian population is demonstrated, understanding that this is an influential factor in the academic expectations of a person, and that there must be differential support for students with parents without training professional.

Variables académicas y de calidad de vida en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos / Academic and quality of life variables in mexican university students

Resumen. Objetivo. Analizar el efecto de las expectativas y metas de progreso académicas en las dimensiones de la calidad de vida de estudiantes universitarios mexicanos. Método. El tipo de investigación es cuantitativa con un diseño transversal, abierto, observacional con alcances descriptivos y predictivos. Las técnicas estadísticas utilizadas fueron estadística descriptiva, coeficiente de correlación y análisis de senderos con el método GLS. El muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia, con un total de 465 participantes. Resultados. Se demostró que, para el modelo explicativo resultante, la variable metas de progreso académicas es un predictor directo de la dimensión función física. Asimismo, las expectativas académicas de resultado son un predictor de las dimensiones rol emocional y la función física. Respecto a los componentes de la salud física y mental, este último presentó la puntuación más baja.

Abstract. Objective. To analyze the effect of expectations and goals of academic progress on the dimensions of the quality of life of Mexican university students. Method. The research was quantitative with a cross-sectional, open, observational design with descriptive and predictive scopes. The statistical techniques used were descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient and path analysis with the GLS method. Sampling was non-probabilistic for convenience, with a total of 465 participants. Results. For the resulting explanatory model the variable academic progress goals is a direct predictor of the physical function dimension. And academic expectations of outcome are a predictor of the emotional role and physical function dimensions.

Expectativas relacionadas con la elección de un postgrado para los egresados de Odontología en México / The prospective graduates expectations in relation to choosing an advanced education dental specialty in Mexico

En la presente publicación se consideró la compilación de información disponible en sitios de la red informática al respecto de las diferentes instituciones públicas y privadas oferentes de postgrados en áreas de la odontología, en la intención de presentar un contexto a considerar antes de decidirse por un postgrado en alguna de las diferentes disciplinas estomatológicas disponibles en la República Mexicana. Considerando además las expectativas profesionales, académicas y económicas, vinculadas a la pertinencia, factibilidad y calidad de los postgrados. Material y métodos: se analizó la información disponible de 17 de las principales universidades ofertantes de los postgrados que han obtenido reconocimiento por su calidad académica, considerando sus ubicaciones, costos relativos y posicionamiento en el Ranking Nacional de Universidades en México. Por otro lado, se identificaron las expectativas expresadas por un grupo de estudiantes de licenciatura en Cirujano Dentista de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, al momento de elegir un postgrado, información obtenida de un estudio previo realizado en el año 2018 (AU)

In the following publication, a compilation of information available from various network sites were considered in regards to the different public and private institutions that offer a postgraduate program in the dental field. Also, the information collected was used to format all of the contextual considerations a prospective graduate must acknowledge like feasibility and quality of the program; as well as, professional, academic benefits and expenses, when deciding to enroll and pursue a dental specialty in Mexico. Material and methods: a total of 17 universities in the country were analysed and aspects like their location, general expenses (academic and living) academic quality awards received, as well as, their national ranking were taken into consideration. In addition, the results obtained from a previous study carried out in 2018 concerning a series of expectations expressed by a group of students from the Autonomous University of Chihuahua Dental School with respect to choosing a postgraduate Advance dental program were also included to enrich the following conclusions (AU)

Latent Regression Analysis Considering Student, Teacher, and Parent Variables and Their Relationship with Academic Performance in Primary School Students in Chile.

Academic performance in primary students is fundamental to future school success; however, simultaneous analysis of different key individual, family, and teaching factors must be considered to improve understanding and benefit the development of students' potential. This article presents a latent regression analysis model that examines the relationship between the latent variables (self-efficacy, interest in reading, bullying, parental expectations, and discrimination/exclusion, and teacher violence/aggression) and the academic performance of first-cycle primary students. The model investigates the impact of the latent variables on the standardized endogenous variables of SIMCE Mathematics and Language test scores using a quantitative, non-experimental, correlational, and cross-sectional design. The study involved 70,778 students (53.4% female), with an average age of 9.5 years (SD = 0.6), from Chilean public (33.6%) and subsidized (66.4%) schools. The results indicate that the model accounted for 49.8% and 47.7% of the mean variability in SIMCE Mathematics and Language test scores, respectively. The goodness-of-fit indices demonstrated satisfactory fits for both models. In both tests, student self-efficacy emerged as the most significant factor explaining test score variability, followed by parental expectations. Bullying was identified as a relevant factor in reducing mean performance on both tests. The findings suggest that education decision makers should address these issues to improve student outcomes.

Generación Millennials en las empresas agroalimentarias / Millennials generation in agri-food companies

Resumen Las empresas tienen mayor dificultad para atraer y retener talento perteneciente a la generación de los Millennials, cada vez más presentes en las organizaciones agroalimentarias. En el presente artículo se describirán las expectativas laborales y prioridades de quienes forman parte de este grupo etario. Los resultados surgen de un estudio tipo exploratorio no experimental, descriptivo que se realizó mediante encuestas a personas nacidas entre el año 1982 y 1994, egresados o próximos a egresar de las carreras de Ciencias Agrarias y Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral. A continuación, se detallan las características buscadas por los Millennials, además de brindar herramientas de análisis útiles para la definición de políticas de capital humano en las empresas del sector.

Abstract Companies have greater difficulty attracting and retaining millennial talent increasingly present in agri-food organizations. This article will describe the job expectations and priorities of those who are part of this group. The results arise from an exploratory, non-experimental, descriptive study that was carried out through surveys of people born between 1982 and 1994, graduated or about to graduate from the Agrarian Sciences and Veterinary Sciences careers of the Universidad Nacional del Litoral. The characteristics sought by Millennials are detailed below, in addition to providing useful analysis tools for the definition of human capital policies in companies in the sector.

Alcohol consumption, alcohol expectancies, and drinking contexts in young Argentinean college students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a one-year follow-up study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns are known to affect alcohol consumption. This study examines drinking expectancies and contexts upon alcohol consumption of Argentinean students.Objectives: To assess within-person changes in alcohol consumption in Argentinean college students (aged 18-24), from August 2019 with a one-year follow-up during the COVID-19 lockdown, considering alcohol expectancies, drinking contexts, and main socio-demographic variables. To validate the stability of these predictors, we discuss the effects on the alcohol consumption across dependent and independent measures.Methods: We assessed one longitudinal (N = 300, 70% female) and one cross-sectional (N = 165, 78% female) sample via online surveys and applied multilevel analysis and regressions, respectively.Results: Alcohol consumption significantly increased during lockdown compared to one-year before (mean: 6.91 and 8.26 alcohol units, correspondingly). In the longitudinal sample, social facilitation (medium effect sizes [ES]: 0.21, 0.22) and parental presence (medium ES: 0.12, 0.21) significantly and stable (through time) predicted increasing effects on consumption. In the cross-sectional sample, stress control (high ES: 0.78) and parental presence (high ES: 0.42) were associated with higher consumption during lockdown.Conclusion: College students increased their alcohol consumption during lockdown, suggesting that restrictive sanitary measures may negatively affect consumption. Literature is not conclusive as both decreases and increases in alcohol consumption in students from developed countries were reported. Before and during COVID-19 lockdown, parental presence is a stable predictor of increased alcohol consumption, though unusual according to the literature. Health policies aimed at modifying the behavior of parents who promote/share alcohol consumption with their offspring may help reduce drinking in college students.

[Translated article] Translation, validation, and cultural adaptation of the HSS-ES scale (Hospital for Special Surgery's [HSS] Shoulder Surgery Expectations Survey).

INTRODUCTION: The questionnaire Hospital for Special Surgery Shoulder Surgery Expectations Survey (HSS-ES) is a tool used to assess the preoperative expectations of patients with shoulder pathologies. The purpose of this study is to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Spanish version of the HSS-ES questionnaire to assess preoperative expectations in Spanish-speaking patients. METHODOLOGY: Questionnaire validation study, using a structured method where a survey-type tool was processed, evaluated and validated. The study involved 70 patients from the shoulder surgery outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital, with shoulder pathologies requiring surgery. RESULTS: The version of the questionnaire translated into Spanish presented a very good internal consistency with a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.94 and a very good reproducibility with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.99. CONCLUSION: The HSS-ES questionnaire presents an adequate intragroup validation and a strong intergroup correlation according to the internal consistency analysis of the questionnaire and the ICC. Therefore, it is considered an adequate questionnaire to use in the Spanish-speaking population.

Idealistic, realistic, and unrealistic expectations of pharmacological treatment in persons with type 2 diabetes in primary care.

Introduction: Information on treatment expectations in diabetes is scarce for Mexican and Latino populations. We determined idealistic, realistic, and unrealistic expectations for metformin, insulin, and glyburide in primary care. We also explored the association between sociodemographic attributes, time since diagnosis, and expectations. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted during 2020-2022 in governmental primary care centers. We consecutively included persons with type 2 diabetes aged 30-70 years under pharmacological medication (n = 907). Questions were developed using information relevant to expectation constructs. Data were collected by interview. We used descriptive statistics, a test of the difference between two proportions, and multivariate ordinal logistic regression. Results: A high percentage of participants would like to have fewer daily pills/injections or the option of temporarily stopping their medication. Realistic expectations ranged from 47% to 70%, and unrealistic expectations from 31 to 65%. More insulin users wished they could take a temporary break (p < 0.05) or would like to be able to change the route of administration (p < 0.001) than metformin users. More persons with diabetes on insulin expected realistic expectations compared to those on metformin or glyburide (p ≤ 0.01). Being able to interrupt medication upon reaching the glucose goal was higher in combined therapy users (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Time since diagnosis, place of residence, sex, and diabetes education were factors associated to expectations. Management of expectations must be reinforced in primary care persons with type 2 diabetes undergoing pharmacological medication.

Humanization in oncology care: A necessary change.

Developments in cancer care, automation of care, rationing of time and fragmentation of the work process for institutional imperatives can often lead to the dehumanization of care. Although, it is indisputable that these interventions have significantly improved outcomes in oncology, they may have caused the emotional needs of patients, families, and health professionals to be considered secondary concerns. Therefore, humanized care can help dispel the negative emotions associated with cancer diagnosis and treatment and may even contribute to improve patient outcomes. This empathetic and respectful approach to patients leads to increase patient expectations of recovery, accountability, control over their own health, satisfaction, safer care, patient happiness and healthcare professional resilience, resulting in time and cost savings. The humanization of care has emerged as a response to the needs and concerns of patients and their families that go beyond the biological.

Translation, validation, and cultural adaptation of the HSS-ES scale (Hospital for Special Surgery's [HSS] Shoulder Surgery Expectations Survey). / Traducción, adaptación cultural y validación del cuestionario HSS-ES (Hospital for Special Surgery [HSS] Shoulder Surgery Expectations Survey).

INTRODUCTION: The questionnaire Hospital for Special Surgery Shoulder Surgery Expectations Survey (HSS-ES) is a tool used to assess the preoperative expectations of patients with shoulder pathologies. The purpose of this study is to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Spanish version of the HSS-ES questionnaire to assess preoperative expectations in Spanish-speaking patients. METHODOLOGY: Questionnaire validation study, using a structured method where a survey-type tool was processed, evaluated and validated. The study involved 70 patients from the shoulder surgery outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital, with shoulder pathologies requiring surgery. RESULTS: The version of the questionnaire translated into Spanish presented a very good internal consistency with a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.94 and a very good reproducibility with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.99. CONCLUSION: The HSS-ES questionnaire presents an adequate intragroup validation and a strong intergroup correlation according to the internal consistency analysis of the questionnaire and the ICC. Therefore, it is considered an adequate questionnaire to use in the Spanish-speaking population.

Patient Perceptions Regarding Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel Treatment: Qualitative Evidence From Interviews With Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma in the CARTITUDE-1 Study.

INTRODUCTION: Ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel), a novel chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy, has demonstrated early, deep, and durable clinical responses in heavily pretreated patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), and improvements in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in CARTITUDE-1 (NCT03548207). Patient perspectives on treatment provide context to efficacy outcomes and are an important aspect of therapeutic evaluation. METHODS: Qualitative interviews were conducted in a subset of CARTITUDE-1 patients (n = 36) at screening, Day 100, and Day 184 post cilta-cel on living with MM, therapy expectations, and treatment experiences during the study. RESULTS: Patients most wanted to see change in symptoms with the greatest impact on HRQoL: pain (85.2%) and fatigue (74.1%). The primary treatment expectation was achieving remission (40.7%), followed by extended life expectancy (14.8%). Patients most often defined meaningful change as improvement in symptoms (70.4%) and return to normalcy (40.7%). The percentage of patients reporting symptoms (pain, fatigue, bone fracture, gastrointestinal, neuropathy, and weakness) decreased from 85.2% to 22.2% across symptom types at baseline to 29.2% to 0% on Day 184 after cilta-cel. Improved symptoms and positive sentiments corresponded with improved perception of overall health status and reduced pain level, respectively. Most patients reported that their expectations of cilta-cel treatment had been met (70.8%) or exceeded (20.8%) at Day 184, and 70.8% of patients considered cilta-cel therapy better than their previous treatments. CONCLUSION: Overall HRQoL improvements and qualitative interviews showed cilta-cel met patient expectations of treatment and suggest the long treatment-free period also contributed to positive sentiments.

User expectations and perceptions towards new public transport infrastructure: evaluating a cable car in Bogotá.

Cable cars are a viable alternative to improve citizens' accessibility in zones with limitations on urban public transport supply due to the topography. In Latin America, such systems have recently been implemented in zones with high levels of poverty and vulnerability. Although the social implications of their implementation are relevant, individual expectations of these systems and how current changes in travel conditions and quality of life are perceived have not been widely reported in the literature. This paper aims to evaluate users' expectations and perceptions of a new cable car in the southern periphery of Bogotá (Colombia). We conducted a panel survey before (n = 341) and after (n = 301) the cable car started operations to evaluate the ranking of preferences toward a set of possible benefits of the project. We estimated discrete choice models to analyze the statistical differences between the expectations and perceptions before and after changes. Results suggest that travel time reductions, comfort improvements, and in-vehicle security are the benefits most valued by the users. Even though the project meets expectations of these aspects, it seems to fall short in expectations of reductions of pollution. Individuals' experience with the cable car shapes their perceptions of the system. We found that perceptions differ between those who have used the service at least once and those who never did. Policy implications derived from this study might be of interest to decision-makers seeking to guarantee the public acceptability of urban projects.

Universality without uniformity - infants' reactions to unresponsive partners in urban Germany and rural Ecuador.

Previous studies based on non-WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic) samples provide initial evidence that the still-face effect is universal. Based on the assumption that - independent of their cultural niches - infants share some fundamental expectations of social interactions, we put forth the assumption that a universal response exists for when a social interaction is interrupted. At the same time, we hypothesized that the size of the effect depends on the typicality of the interaction that precedes the adult partners' interruption. To test these hypotheses, we conducted the Still-Face Paradigm (SFP) with infants (3- and 4.5-month-olds) from two cultural milieus, namely Münster (urban Germany) and the Kichwa ethnic group from the northern Andes region (rural Ecuador), as these contexts presumably offer different ways of construing the self that are associated with different parenting styles, namely distal and proximal parenting. Furthermore, we developed a paradigm that comes much closer to the average expected environment of Kichwa infants, the "No-Touch Paradigm" (NTP). Overall, the results support our initial hypothesis that the still-face effect is universal. Moreover, infants from both cultural milieus responded to the no-touch condition with a change in negative affect. At the same time, some of the infants' responses were accentuated in a culture-specific way: Kichwa infants had a stronger response to an interruption of proximal interaction patterns during the NTP. While our findings underline infants' universal predisposition for face-to-face interaction, they also suggest that cultural differences in internalized interactions do influence infant behavior and experience and, in turn, development.

Entre a expectativa e a prática do profissional da psicologia na escola / Entre las expectativas y la práctica de un profesional da psicología en la escuela / Between the expectations and practice of a psychology professional at school

RESUMO O artigo objetiva analisar, a partir de uma revisão sistemática de literatura, as expectativas atribuídas à atuação do psicólogo na escola e à efetiva prática desse profissional nesse contexto. De acordo com os critérios da revisão sistemática, delimitou-se o campo do conhecimento científico em três bases de dados virtuais: The Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Biblioteca Virtual em Psicologia (BVS-PSI) e Periódicos Eletrônicos de Psicologia (PEPSIC). Selecionaram-se 25 trabalhos para constituir a base de análise e discussão deste texto, 12 são de revisão bibliográfica e 13 resultantes de relatos de práticas profissionais. A análise destes trabalhos se deu por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Quanto às expectativas atribuídas a atuação desse profissional na escola, verificou-se a perspectiva de que atue de forma preventiva em relação ao coletivo da escola; conheça o contexto educacional e as normas institucionais, as variáveis que interferem no processo de ensinar e aprender; embase sua prática em teorias psicológicas e mantenha interlocução com outras áreas de conhecimento. Os poucos trabalhos identificados, que apresentam relatos de práticas do psicólogo na escola, revelam que poucos são os profissionais que se autorizam a escrever e relatar as suas práticas, o que fazem, porque fazem e como fazem. Estima-se que diminuir o distanciamento entre expectativa e prática do psicólogo na escola implica em reconhecer variáveis intra e extraescolares, persistir inquirindo e compreendendo a interferência dessas variáveis no clima da escola, nas relações de convivência, nos problemas de diferentes naturezas que se apresentam nesse contexto.

RESUMEN El presente artículo objetiva analizar, a partir de un análisis sistemático de la bibliografía, las expectativas atribuidas a la práctica del psicólogo en la escuela y la práctica efectiva de este profesional en esto contexto. De acuerdo con los criterios de análisis sistemática, el campo de conocimiento científico fue reducido en tres bancos de dados virtuales: The Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), la Biblioteca Virtual de Psicología (BVS-SCI) y los Periódicos Científicos de Psicología (PEPSIC). Fueran seleccionados 25 artículos para constituir la base de análisis y de discusión de este texto, 12 de ellos siendo revisiones bibliográficas y 13 siendo análisis de prácticas profesionales. Los análisis de estos artículos fueran hechos por medio de la técnica de análisis de contenido. En lo que se refiere a las expectativas atribuidas a la práctica del psicólogo en la escuela, fue verificada la perspectiva de que: lo psicólogo debería actuar de manera preventiva con relación al colectivo de la escuela; saber el contexto educacional y las normas institucionales, las variables que interfieren en el proceso de aprendizaje y enseño, basar sus prácticas en teorías psicológicas y mantener contacto con otras áreas de conocimiento. Pocos artículos fueran identificados que presentan análisis de la práctica del psicólogo en la escuela, revelando que san pocos los profesionales que se autorizan para escribir y analizar sus prácticas, o que lo hacen, porque lo hacen y como lo hacen. Fue estimado que reducir la distancia entre expectativas y la práctica del profesional da psicología implica en reconocer los desafíos de las variables intra y extraescolares, en persistir inquiriendo y comprendiendo las implicaciones de estas variables en lo ambiente escolar, en los relacionamientos de convivencia y en los problemas de diferentes naturalezas que se presentan en este contexto.

ABSTRACT The following article aims to analyze, coming form a systematic literature review, the expectations attributed to the psychologist practice in school and the effective practice of this professional in this context. According to the criteria of the systematic review, the field of scientifical knowledge was narrowed into three virtual data bases: The Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), the Virtual Library in Psyschology (BVS-PSI) and the Electronic Journals of Psychology (PEPSIC). It was selected 25 articles to constitute the basis of analysis and discussion of this text, 12 of those being bibliographical reviews and 13 coming from reports of professional practice. The analysis of these articles was made through the technique of content analysis. Regarding the expectations attributed to the practice of the psychologist in school, it was verified the perspective that this professional should act in a preventive manner in relation to the school's collective; know the educational context and the institutional norms, the variables that interfere in the process of teaching and learning, base its practices in psychological theories and maintain contact with other knowledge areas. Few articles were identified that presented reports of the psychologist practices in school, revealing the few are the professionals that have the authority to write and reports its practices, what they do, why they do it and how they do it. It is estimated that reducing the distance between expectations and practice of the psychology professional implies in recognizing the challenges of the inner and out of school variables, to persist inquiring and comprehending the implications of these variables in the school's climate, in the coexistence relationships, and on the problems of different natures that present in this context.