Sociodemographic Determinants of Urogenital Morbidities Among Menopausal Women in Rural Areas of Eastern Uttar Pradesh.

Background After their mid-forties, almost all women, irrespective of their cultural background and health conditions, begin to experience physical, psychological, and emotional disturbances because of the progressive decline in hormone levels that occur as a reproductive-aged woman transitions from regular cyclic menses to her final menstrual period, ovarian senescence, and beyond. These morbidities hamper day-to-day life and lead to poor quality of life. Timely attention and management of these morbidities help women maintain a healthy and active life. This study aims to evaluate sociodemographic determinants of urogenital morbidities among rural menopausal women. Materials and methods We conducted the present cross-sectional study among a menopausal transition group and a postmenopausal group of women age 40 to 55 residing in the Chargawan block of the district of Gorakhpur from August 1, 2021, to July 31, 2022. After estimating the sample size based on the 2011 census of India, we selected 385 eligible participants. Results We studied a total of 385 women over a period of one year, out of which 171 (46%) were in the menopausal transition and 214 (54%) were postmenopausal. For urinary incontinence and burning micturition, when we compared both groups in relation to age, we found no significant association (p > .05). The symptom of urinary incontinence was significantly associated with the socioeconomic status of participants in both the menopausal transition and postmenopausal groups (p < .05). Conclusions Postmenopausal women harbor a considerable number of urogenital morbidities. Sociocultural, demographic, and behavioral factors influence these morbidities. These associations might serve as indicators of women at risk of experiencing more severe urogenital morbidities.

Prevalence of Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis and Chlamydia trachomatis in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients.

The purpose of the present study was to assess the prevalence of Ureaplasma urealyticum (U. urealyticum), Mycoplasma hominis (M. hominis) and Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) in a Romanian population considering the presence or absence of genital symptoms. Urethral and vaginal samples were collected from patients presenting at 'Ponderas' Academic Hospital (Bucharest, Romania) from January 2021 to December 2021. A total of 266 samples were obtained from two groups of patients: Symptomatic subjects with urethritis, prostatitis, vaginitis or both urethritis and prostatitis (n=59; 22%), and asymptomatic subjects (n=207; 78%). Mycoplasma and Chlamydia kits were used to assess the presence of U. urealyticum and M. hominis, and C. trachomatis, respectively. The symptomatic subjects comprised 27 patients with urethritis symptoms, of whom 4 (15%) were infected with U. urealyticum and 1 (4%) was infected with C. trachomatis. In addition, 23 (9%) of the patients had prostatitis-like symptoms, which in 3 (13%) of the patients was associated with U. urealyticum and in 1 patient (4%) was associated with C. trachomatis. None of the symptomatic patients were infected with M. hominis. By contrast, 29 (14%) of the asymptomatic patients were discovered to be infected with U. urealyticum, 13 (6%) were coinfected with both Mollicutes and 4 (2%) were infected with C. trachomatis; only 1 patient was positive for M. hominis alone. Two patients (14%) who presented with U. urealyticum and M. hominis coinfection were also infected with C. trachomatis. No patient with U. urealyticum or M. hominis alone was also positive for C. trachomatis. Therefore, the most frequently identified pathogen populating the genital tract in both males and females was U. urealyticum, followed by coinfection with U. urealyticum and M. hominis, and C. trachomatis. As these infections are asymptomatic in numerous cases, this suggests that a thorough screening should be mandatory.

A First Urological Approach to the Genitourinary Manifestations of Multiple Chemical Sensitivity. Systematic Review.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a complex disease with multiorgan manifestations, some of which are still poorly understood, such as genitourinary manifestations. The objective of this article is to review these genitourinary manifestations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study on the genitourinary manifestations described in patients with multiple chemical sensitivity is performed, based on a systematic review of the literature between February 1956 and December 2020, consulting the Medline/PubMed database and the Google search engine. Descriptive statistics of the variables studied were performed with frequency and percentage for qualitative variables and median and range (minimum-maximum value) for quantitative variables. RESULTS: We reviewed the originals or abstracts of 3450 articles on MCS, including 461 on symptoms (13.3%) and selecting 40 (1.1%) that referred to genitourinary pathologies or symptoms and corresponded to 19 reviews, 14 articles on case reports (11 clinical cases and 3 series), 5 books with case reports, 1 consensus document and 1 update. The number of patients with MCS studied in these 40 articles was 4556 of whom 303 presented genitourinary symptoms (6.6%), and corresponded to 277 women (91.4%) and 27 men (8.6%) with a mean age of 39.4 years, range (7-82 years). There were 119 different genitourinary symptoms or pathologies with 170 citations which in frequency were 77 for gynecological symptoms (45.3%) in 28 publications (70%), 62 for urological symptoms (36.5%) in 29 publications (72.5%), 18 for sexological symptoms (10.6%) in 8 publications (20%) and 13 for andrological symptoms (7.6%) in 5 publications (12.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Genitourinary manifestations of MCS are rare and predominantly in women. They constitute a genitourinary syndrome including gynecological, urological, sexological and andrological symptoms. Until today there has been no study of these symptoms in the medical literature.

A First Urological Approach to the Genitourinary Manifestations of Multiple Chemical Sensitivity. Systematic Review

Introduction and Objectives: Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a complex disease with multiorgan manifestations, some of which are still poorly understood, such as genitourinary manifestations. The objective of this article is to review these genitourinary manifestations. Material and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study on the genitourinary manifestations described in patients with multiple chemical sensitivity is performed, based on a systematic review of the literature between February 1956 and December 2020, consulting the Medline/PubMed database and the Google search engine. Descriptive statistics of the variables studied were performed with frequency and percentage for qualitative variables and median and range (minimum-maximum value) for quantitative variables. Results: We reviewed the originals or abstracts of 3450 articles on MCS, including 461 on symptoms (13.3%) and selecting 40 (1.1%) that referred to genitourinary pathologies or symptoms and corresponded to 19 reviews, 14 articles on case reports (11 clinical cases and 3 series), 5 books with case reports, 1 consensus document and 1 update. The number of patients with MCS studied in these 40 articles was 4556 of whom 303 presented genitourinary symptoms (6.6%), and corresponded to 277 women (91.4%) and 27 men (8.6%) with a mean age of 39.4 years, range (7-82 years). There were 119 different genitourinary symptoms or pathologies with 170 citations which in frequency were 77 for gynecological symptoms (45.3%) in 28 publications (70%), 62 for urological symptoms (36.5%) in 29 publications (72.5%), 18 for sexological symptoms (10.6%) in 8 publications (20%) and 13 for andrological symptoms (7.6%) in 5 publications (12.5%). Conclusions: Genitourinary manifestations of MCS are rare and predominantly in women (AU)

Online survey of genital and urinary symptoms among Japanese women aged between 40 and 90 years.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this survey was to assess the prevalence of genital and urinary tract symptoms among Japanese women with declining estrogen levels. METHODS: A health-related questionnaire survey was conducted among women in their 40s or older to inquire about their genital, intercourse-related, and urinary symptoms and concern over their symptoms. RESULTS: Of the consecutive 10,000 respondents recruited, 4488 (44.9%) reported having symptoms: 3546 (79.0%) expressed concern over their symptoms. Furthermore, 2173 women (21.7%) had incontinence, 1999 (20.0%) had urinary frequency, 1648 (16.5%) had itching, and 1560 (15.6%) reported odor; these were followed by looseness, dryness, and burning. Of the 2518 (25.2%) sexually active women, 518 (20.6%) reported having dyspareunia and more reported having urinary symptoms than genital symptoms. Of the symptomatic respondents, 33.1% had genital symptoms alone, 28.4% had urinary symptoms alone, and 38.4% had both. More sexually active women had genital symptoms, while more sexually inactive women had urinary symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Genital and urinary symptoms were shown to be common and coexist in a considerable proportion of the respondents, highlighting the pathology of genitourinary syndrome of menopause. Again, dyspareunia and lower urinary tract symptoms were shown to be quite common among postmenopausal women.

Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections, genital symptoms and health-care seeking behaviour among HIV-negative female sex workers in Kigali, Rwanda.

Timely diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is often hampered by the lack of symptoms, inadequate diagnostics and/or poor availability, accessibility and quality of treatment in resource-limited settings. Female sex workers (FSW) are highly vulnerable for HIV and key transmitters of STIs. Among FSW (n = 400) participating in a prospective HIV incidence study in Kigali, Rwanda, only 15% (17/116) of women with laboratory-diagnosed non-ulcerative STIs at baseline reported symptoms. Only 27% (20/74) of women self-reporting genital symptoms sought care at enrolment, and 39% (46/117) of women with self-reported genital symptoms during follow-up. During focus group discussions, FSW considered treatment-seeking and partner notification important. Shame and feeling disrespected by doctors or other health-care workers were identified as barriers to seeking health care. A comprehensive STI control programme targeting both symptomatic and asymptomatic FSW should be considered in this setting.