Evaluation of the effectiveness of the training on "Home care of COVID-19 positive/suspicious patients" given to nursing students: A quasi-experimental study.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to evaluate the effects of education on home care of infected or suspected COVID-19 patients on the levels of knowledge, anxiety, and awareness of nursing students in Turkey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study is in quasi-experimental design. A sample of 158 volunteer students studying nursing at a private university in Turkey was formed. Data were collected using, descriptive information form, "Coronavirus Anxiety Scale," "COVID-19 Awareness Scale," and the "Knowledge of COVID-19 Home Care Test." Pre-test was performed before the participants received education. Post-test was performed seven days after the intervention. SPSS version 25.0 was used for data analysis. "TREND checklist" was used for quasi-experimental/non-randomized evaluations to report the findings of the study. RESULTS: Anxiety levels decreased and the levels of awareness and knowledge on COVID-19 increased after receiving education on home care of infected or suspected COVID-19 patients (p < 0.001), indicating the effectiveness of the education. Education on home care of infected or suspected COVID-19 patients was an effective method to reduce anxiety and increase knowledge and awareness in nursing students. CONCLUSIONS: To contribute to community health, home care training can be given to nursing students, other people receiving home care, or providing home care to COVID-19 patients, infected or suspected COVID-19 patients.

Enhancing readmission prediction models by integrating insights from home healthcare notes: Retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Hospital readmission is an important indicator of inpatient care quality and a significant driver of increasing medical costs. Therefore, it is important to explore the effects of postdischarge information, particularly from home healthcare notes, on enhancing readmission prediction models. Despite the use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and machine learning in prediction model development, current studies often overlook insights from home healthcare notes. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop prediction models for 30-day readmissions using home healthcare notes and structured data. In addition, it explored the development of 14- and 180-day prediction models using variables in the 30-day model. DESIGN: A retrospective observational cohort study. SETTING(S): This study was conducted at Ajou University School of Medicine in South Korea. PARTICIPANTS: Data from electronic health records, encompassing demographic characteristics of 1819 participants, along with information on conditions, drug, and home healthcare, were utilized. METHODS: Two distinct models were developed for each prediction window (30-, 14-, 180-day): the traditional model, which utilized structured variables alone, and the common data model (CDM)-NLP model, which incorporated structured and topic variables extracted from home healthcare notes. BERTopic facilitated topic generation and risk probability, representing the likelihood of documents being assigned to specific topics. Feature selection involved experimenting with various algorithms. The best-performing algorithm, determined using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), was used for model development. Model performance was assessed using various learning metrics including AUROC. RESULTS: Among 1819 patients, 251 (13.80 %) experienced 30-day readmission. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator was used for feature extraction and model development. The 15 structured features were used in the traditional model. Moreover, five additional topic variables from the home healthcare notes were applied in the CDM-NLP model. The AUROC of the traditional model was 0.739 (95 % CI: 0.672-0.807). The AUROC of the CDM-NLP model was high at 0.824 (95 % CI: 0.768-0.880), which indicated an outstanding performance. The topics in the CDM-NLP model included emotional distress, daily living functions, nutrition, postoperative status, and cardiorespiratory issues. In extended prediction model development for 14- and 180-day readmissions, the CDM-NLP consistently outperformed the traditional model. CONCLUSIONS: This study developed effective prediction models using both structured and unstructured data, thereby emphasizing the significance of postdischarge information from home healthcare notes in readmission prediction.

Ferrer Adjustable Speaking Valve for Early Phonation in a Deconditioned Patient.

A patient with multiple comorbidities and an eight-year history of tracheostomy was being treated for tracheitis. At this point, she became incapable of using regular speaking valves, and multiple attempts to reintroduce the speaking valve failed. A Ferrer adjustable speaking valve (FASV) was designed with gradations of outflow closure, allowing air to go through the vocal cords for phonation. The FASV was offered to her through the compassionate use program at the FDA. At 20% initial closure, the patient was able to tolerate the valve and was advanced to 50% closure, at which point she could phonate partially. The use of the valve was terminated at the time of her transfer, 23 days after the initiation of use. This suggests the safety and possible efficacy of using an adjustable speaking valve earlier than regular valves, allowing patients to communicate earlier and further exercise their diaphragms.

Clinical validation of the nursing diagnosis "Fall risk in adults (00303)" in elderly people in the community-dwelling.

PURPOSE: To identify the risk factors for the nursing diagnosis of fall risk in adults (00303) in elderly people in the community-dwelling. METHOD: This is a methodological study, with a quantitative approach, carried out with elderly people living in the city of Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil, from February to December 2018. For data collection, the demographic profile, Mini-Mental State Examination, diseases self-reported, functional independence measure, Lawton and Brody scale, geriatric depression scale, and self-perception of gait instruments were used. Tests of accuracy and association of risk factors with p ≤ 0.05 were performed. FINDINGS: A total of 262 elderly people, aged over 80 years (55.7%), 71% of which were female and 42.7% were widowed, were included in the sample. A total of 82.1% had vascular diseases, 72.1% had diabetes, and 20.6% had depression. The predominant risk factors were difficulty performing instrumental activities of daily living (58.8%), cognitive dysfunction (43.5%), and depressive symptoms (26.3%). Difficulty performing instrumental activities of daily living had a sensitivity greater than 60%. The positive and negative predictive values were mostly greater than 50%. In the regression analysis, it was found that the elderly have a higher risk of suffering a fall if they present anxiety (p = 0.05), impaired physical mobility (p = 0.02), and difficulty to perform instrumental activities of daily living as risk factors (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: It was possible to identify the presence of risk factors for the diagnosis fall risk in adults (00303) in the clinical context of the elderly in home settings and contribute to the clinical validation of the taxonomy, increase the evidence and importance of the diagnosis, and generate new knowledge for gerontological nursing. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: To help nurses identify risk factors that lead elderly people to suffer falls at home and to implement preventive actions in their community with the support of their families.

OBJETIVO: Identificar os fatores de risco para o diagnóstico de enfermagem Risco de Quedas em adultos (00303) em idosos do domicílio. MÉTODO: Trata­se de um estudo metodológico, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com idosos residentes na cidade de Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil, no período de fevereiro a dezembro de 2018. Para coleta de dados foram utilizados instrumentos de perfil sociodemográfico, Mini exame do Estado Mental, doenças autorreferidas, Medida de Independência Funcional, Escala de Lawton e Brody, Escala de Depressão Geriátrica e autopercepção da marcha. Foram realizados testes de acurácia e associação de fatores de risco com p ≤ 0,05. RESULTADOS: Participaram 262 idosos, com idade superior a 80 anos (55,7%), sendo 71% do sexo feminino e 42,7% viúvos. Um total de 82,1% tinha doenças vasculares, 72,1% tinham diabetes e 20,6% tinham depressão. Os fatores de risco predominantes foram dificuldade para realizar atividades instrumentais de vida diária (58,8%), déficit cognitivo (43,5%) e sintomas depressivos (26,3%). A dificuldade para realizar atividades instrumentais da vida diária apresentou sensibilidade superior a 60%. Os valores preditivos positivos e negativos foram em sua maioria superiores a 50%. Na análise de regressão constatou­se que os idosos apresentam maior risco de sofrer queda se apresentarem Ansiedade (p = 0,05), Mobilidade física prejudicada (p = 0,02) e Dificuldade para realizar atividades instrumentais de vida diária (p = 0,03). CONCLUSÃO: Foi possível identificar a presença de fatores de risco para o diagnóstico Risco de queda em adultos (00303) no contexto clínico do idoso em ambiente domiciliar e contribuir para a validação clínica da taxonomia, aumentar a evidência e a importância do diagnóstico e gerar novos conhecimentos para a enfermagem gerontológica. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A PRÁTICA DE ENFERMAGEM: Ajudar os enfermeiros a identificar os fatores de risco que levam os idosos a sofrer quedas no domicílio e a implementar ações preventivas na sua comunidade com o apoio dos seus familiares.

Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network Trials Unit (DIAN-TU): Trial Satisfaction and Attitudes towards Future Clinical Trials.

BACKGROUND: Clinical trial satisfaction is increasingly important for future trial designs and is associated with treatment adherence and willingness to enroll in future research studies or to recommend trial participation. In this post-trial survey, we examined participant satisfaction and attitudes toward future clinical trials in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network Trials Unit (DIAN-TU). METHODS: We developed an anonymous, participant satisfaction survey tailored to participants enrolled in the DIAN-TU-001 double-blind clinical trial of solanezumab or gantenerumab and requested that all study sites share the survey with their trial participants. A total of 194 participants enrolled in the trial at 24 study sites. We utilized regression analysis to explore the link between participants' clinical trial experiences, their satisfaction, and their willingness to participate in upcoming trials. RESULTS: Survey responses were received over a sixteen-month window during 2020-2021 from 58 participants representing 15 study sites. Notably, 96.5% of the survey respondents expressed high levels of satisfaction with the trial, 91.4% would recommend trial participation, and 96.5% were willing to enroll again. Age, gender, and education did not influence satisfaction levels. Participants reported enhanced medical care (70.7%) and pride in contributing to the DIAN-TU trial (84.5%). Satisfaction with personnel and procedures was high (98.3%). Respondents had a mean age of 48.7 years, with most being from North America and Western Europe, matching the trial's demographic distribution. Participants' decisions to learn their genetic status increased during the trial, and most participants endorsed considering future trial participation regardless of the DIAN-TU-001 trial outcome. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that DIAN-TU-001 participants who responded to the survey exhibited high motivation to participate in research, overall satisfaction with the clinical trial, and willingness to participate in research in the future, despite a long trial duration of 4-7 years with detailed annual clinical, cognitive, PET, MRI, and lumbar puncture assessments. Implementation of features that alleviate barriers and challenges to trial participation is like to have a high impact on trial satisfaction and reduce participant burden.

Exploring the meaning of a good life for older widows with extensive need of care: a qualitative in-home interview study.

INTRODUCTION: Studies of older women's life transitions is rare but gains relevance as the aging population, with older women as the majority, expands. PURPOSE: To explore the meaning of a good life for older widows with extensive home care needs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were carried out with eleven women, aged 80 and over (82-95 years, mean 90) residing at home with extensive care needs (≥4 daily sessions, averaging 2.5-6 hours, mean 3). Data were analysed by reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS: The theme "This Day in My Home, the frame of my life" reflects the women's experience of a good life. A good day imbued them with hope, trust and security, carrying them forward with the assurance that night would usher in a new day. However, there were moments when life was merely about navigating daily challenges. During such days, the women felt trapped in time, unsafe and lonely. CONCLUSION: A day at home may seem static, yet it mirrors life's dynamism, evolving with shifting circumstances. Older widows navigate challenges while maintaining their sense of self, independence, and connection to home. These findings have implications for aged care, recognizing the multifaceted aspects of life and the centrality of home.

Nurses' job preferences on the internet plus nursing service program: a discrete choice experiment.

BACKGROUND: The Internet Plus Nursing Service (IPNS) is being instigated in all provincial-level regions throughout China, in which registered nurses (with more than five years of experience from qualified medical institutions) will provide services to those in their communities or homes after receiving online applications. The growing shortage of human resources in nursing is a critical issue for this project, so effective policies for recruiting and retaining nurses are critical. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to pinpoint the significant job characteristics that play a crucial role in shaping the job decisions of sharing nurses in the IPNS program, and to estimate the strength of job attributes. METHODS: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was used to assess job attributes influencing sharing nurses' preferences. A qualitative design, including in-depth interview and focus interview methods, was conducted to determine the inclusion of attributes. The final included six attributes were: work modes, duration per visit, income per visit, personal safety, medical risk prevention, and refresher training. This study was conducted at 13 hospitals in Guangdong Province, China, from April to June 2022, and a total of 220 registered sharing nurses participated in the survey. The multinomial logit model explored attributes and relative valued utility. Preference heterogeneity is explored via latent class analysis (LCA) models. RESULTS: A total of 220 participants answered the questionnaire. Income was the most influential characteristic of a sharing nursing position, followed by personal safety management, duration per visit, medical risk prevention, and refresher training, and nurses' preferences differed among different types of classes. CONCLUSIONS: Sharing nurses place most value on income and personal safety with career-related decisions, which indicates an urgent need to develop complete security for personal safety. This study can be helpful to decision-makers in the Chinese government.

Home Health Nursing Agencies' Services for Children With Medical Complexity: Parent and Nurse Perspectives.

OBJECTIVE: Many children with medical complexity (CMC) require the services of home health nurses (HHNs). Home health agencies (HHAs) hire, train, and manage nurses. For children to flourish, families, nurses, and HHAs must establish successful working relationships. Our objective was to understand the perspectives of parents and nurses about HHAs. METHODS: In Illinois (IL) from 2019 to 2022, HHNs for and parents of children with invasive mechanical ventilation were interviewed. In North Carolina (NC) from 2012 to 2013, parents of CMC were interviewed, and from 2013 to 2014 HHNs participated in focus groups. Each dataset was initially analyzed separately for main themes relating to HHAs. Using collaborative thematic analysis, we determined themes common across datasets. RESULTS: In IL, 23 mothers, 12 fathers, and 20 nurses were interviewed. In NC, 19 mothers, 6 fathers, and 1 grandmother were interviewed; and 4 focus groups of 18 nurses were conducted. Four common themes were identified. 1) HHAs do not have a uniform process for hiring and assigning nurses to cases. 2) HHAs have marked variability in training offered to nurses. 3) Shift scheduling, notifications, and communications with the HHAs frustrate parents and nurses. 4) Nurses and parents have little allegiance to specific HHAs; they frequently change agencies or work with several simultaneously. CONCLUSIONS: Parents and nurses perceive practices for hiring, training, and staffing as inconsistent, and experience communication challenges. HHA-level problems may contribute to issues with HHN retention and complicate the lives of the families of CMC. Further research about this critical health care sector is needed.

Impact of home-visit nursing service use on costs in the last 3 months of life among older adults: A retrospective cohort study.

INTRODUCTION: Considering Japan's aging society, the number of older individuals who die at home is expected to increase. In Japan, there are challenges in utilizing and promoting home-visit nursing services at the end of life for community-dwelling older adults. We examined the use of home-visit nursing services at the end of patients' lives and the recommended use patterns of this service (utilization, timing of initiation, and continuity) that contribute to reducing the medical care and long-term care costs (total costs) in the last 3 months of life. DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study. METHODS: We examined 33 municipalities in Japan, including depopulated areas. The analysis included 22,927 people aged 75 or older who died between September 2016 and September 2018. We used monthly medical care and long-term care insurance claims data. Participants were classified into five groups based on their history of home-visit nursing service use: (1) early initiation/continuous use, (2) early initiation/discontinued or fragment use, (3) not-early initiation/continuous use, (4) not-early initiation/fragment use, and (5) no use. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to examine the association between total costs in the last 3 months of life and patterns of home-visit nursing service use. RESULTS: Overall, the median age was 85, and 12,217 participants were men (53.3%). In the last half year before death, 5424 (23.7%) older adults used home-visit nursing services. Multivariable linear regression analysis of the log10-transformed value of total costs revealed that compared with the no use group, the early initiation/continuous use group was estimated to have 0.88 times (95% confidence interval: 0.84, 0.93) the total costs in the last 3 months of life (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Early initiation use of home-visit nursing services may contribute to reducing total costs in the last 3 months of life for Japanese people aged 75 years or older living at home as they approach the end of life. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: When approaching the end of life, many older adults require daily life care and palliative care. Policymakers are strengthening end-of-life care for community-dwelling older adults in Japan. Although the current results do not demonstrate the effectiveness of home-visit nursing services, they provide a perspective from which to assess the use of home-visit nursing services and its impact on older adults. The findings can be helpful in considering how to provide nursing care in home-care settings for older adults who prefer to spend their final days at home.

Nurses' professional discretion in the purchaser-provider split in home care in Norway.

AIM: To explore how nurses' professional discretion is operationalized in home care services that follow a purchaser-provider organization in Norway. DESIGN: A qualitative descriptive study. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions were used, and data were collected from in-depth interviews with 15 registered nurses working in home care in four Norwegian local authority areas between April and November 2020. Braun and Clark's six-step analysis was used to analyse the empirical data. RESULTS: The analysis yielded two main themes, namely 'The purchaser's instructions: facilitating and constraining care' and 'Professional discretion meets the purchaser-provider organisation of healthcare,' with five associated codes. CONCLUSION: Nurses are dependent on an organizational framework due to the complexity of health care services and the number of tasks involved. At the same time, they perform considerable compensatory work and need the ability to be flexible to enable this work and to perform actions related to the unforeseen needs of individual patients or those involving professional discretion. IMPACT: The purchaser-provider model both facilitates and constrains nursing practice and professional responsibility in home nursing. Home nursing services need to be well organized because of their complexity and the wide variety of tasks they involve. In this context, the element of constraint is associated with the need for flexibility and professional discretion. Despite a strict framework, the nurses perform additional and compensatory tasks. Reforms inspired by 'New Public Management,' such as the purchaser-provider split, limit the workload for nurses; however, there is still a need to exercise discretion. The findings of this study may help home care managers and health policy-makers understand the interaction between management logic and health care logic, leading to a more appropriate organization of health care services where the nurses, as actors, gain more trust. IMPLICATIONS: This study highlights home care nurses' opportunities to exercise discretion in an organizational framework that strives towards standardization. The nurses' ability to exercise discretion is important for individual and holistic patient care. At the same time, an organizational framework is needed because nurses cannot attend to all the needs the patients may have, as this will overload both home health services and the nurses.

Práticas de cuidar realizadas por enfermeiros da atenção básica no território: um estudo em Boa Vista, Roraima

Objetivo: Identificar as práticas de cuidar realizadas por enfermeiros da atenção básica no território. Método: Estudo exploratório-descritivo com abordagem qualitativa realizado em dez unidades básicas de saúde situadas na cidade de Boa Vista, Roraima, Brasil. O grupo social foi constituído por oito enfermeiros do quadro efetivo do funcionalismo municipal. A produção dos dados ocorreu durante dezembro de 2022 a fevereiro de 2023 mediada por entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os arquivos em áudio totalizaram aproximadamente uma hora, foram transcritos manualmente e analisados segundo o referencial teórico de Bardin. Resultados: As práticas de cuidar foram organizadas em duas categorias temáticas centrais, a saber: práticas de educação em saúde realizadas por enfermeiros no território e vacinação como prática de cuidar realizada por enfermeiros no território. Conclusão: A educação em saúde foi decodificada como prática de cuidar pelos enfermeiros a partir de ações com grupos prioritários presentes no território orientada por rodas de conversas, palestras educativas e campanhas educacionais sobre infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, saúde mental e uso de drogas. A vacinação foi decodificada a partir da busca ativa de crianças no território, campanhas nas escolas e aplicação de vacinas contra a COVID-19 no território.

Objetivo: Identificar las prácticas asistenciales realizadas por enfermeras de atención primaria en el territorio. Método: Estudio exploratorio-descriptivo con énfasis cualitativo realizado en diez unidades básicas de salud localizadas en la ciudad de Boa Vista, Roraima, Brasil. El grupo social estuvo formado por ocho enfermeras de la administración pública municipal. La producción de datos se realizó entre diciembre de 2022 y febrero de 2023, mediada por entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los archivos de audio totalizaron aproximadamente una hora y veinte minutos, fueron transcritos manualmente y analizados según el marco teórico de Bardin. Resultados: Las prácticas de cuidados se organizaron en dos categorías temáticas centrales, concretamente: prácticas de educación en salud producidos por enfermeras en el territorio y la vacunación como práctica de cuidado realizada por enfermeros en el territorio. Conclusión: La educación en salud fue decodificada como una práctica de cuidado por parte de las enfermeras a partir de acciones con grupos prioritarios presentes en el territorio guiadas por mesas redondas, charlas educativas y campañas educativas sobre infecciones de transmisión sexual, salud mental y consumo de drogas. La vacunación fue decodificada a través de la búsqueda activa de niños en el territorio, campañas en escuelas y la vacunación contra el COVID-19 en el territorio.

Objective: Identify care practices produced by primary care nurses in the territory. Method: Exploratory-descriptive study with a qualitative approach carried out in ten basic health units located in the city of Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. The social group was made up of eight nurses from the municipal workforce. Data production took place between December 2022 and February 2023, mediated by semi-structured interviews. The audio files totaled approximately one hour, were transcribed manually and analyzed according to Bardin's theoretical framework. Results: The care practices were organized in two central thematic categories, named: health education practices produced by nurses in the territory and vaccination as a care practice carried out by nurses in the territory. Conclusion: Health education was decoded as a care practice by nurses based on actions with priority groups present in the territory guided by conversation circles, educational lectures and educational campaigns on sexually transmitted infections, mental health and drug use. Vaccination was decoded based on the active search for children in the territory, campaigns in schools and the application of vaccines against COVID-19 in the territory.

Development of a web-based care networking system to support visiting healthcare professionals in the community.

BACKGROUND: The role of visiting health services has been proven to be effective in promoting the health of older populations. Hence, developing a web system for nurses may help improve the quality of visiting health services for community-dwelling frail older adults. This study was conducted to develop a web application that reflects the needs of visiting nurses. METHODS: Visiting nurses of public health centers and community centers in South Korea participated in the design and evaluation process. Six nurses took part in the focus group interviews, and 21 visiting nurses and community center managers participated in the satisfaction evaluation. Focus group interviews were conducted to identify the needs of visiting nurses with respect to system function. Based on the findings, a web application that can support the effective delivery of home visiting services in the community was developed. An artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm was also developed to recommend health and welfare services according to each patient's health status. After development, a structured survey was conducted to evaluate user satisfaction with system features using Kano's model. RESULTS: The new system can be used with mobile devices to increase the mobility of visiting nurses. The system includes 13 features that support the management of patient data and enhance the efficiency of visiting services (e.g., map, navigation, scheduler, protocol archives, professional advice, and online case conferencing). The user satisfaction survey revealed that nurses showed high satisfaction with the system. Among all features, the nurses were most satisfied with the care plan, which included AI-based recommendations for community referral. CONCLUSIONS: The system developed from the study has attractive features for visiting nurses and supports their essential tasks. The system can help with effective case management for older adults requiring in-home care and reduce nurses' workload. It can also improve communication and networking between healthcare and long-term care institutions.

A hybrid systematic narrative review of instruments measuring home-based care nurses' competency.

AIM: The aim of the study was to identify and synthesize the contents and the psychometric properties of the existing instruments measuring home-based care (HBC) nurses' competencies. DESIGN: A hybrid systematic narrative review was performed. REVIEW METHODS: The eligible studies were reviewed to identify the competencies measured by the instruments for HBC nurses. The psychometric properties of instruments in development and psychometric testing design studies were also examined. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument and COSMIN checklist accordingly. DATA SOURCES: Relevant studies were searched on CINAHL, MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, PsychINFO and Scopus from 2000 to 2022. The search was limited to full-text items in the English language. RESULTS: A total of 23 studies reporting 24 instruments were included. 12 instruments were adopted or modified by the studies while the other 12 were developed and psychometrically tested by the studies. None of the instruments encompassed all of the 10 home-based nursing care competencies identified in an earlier study. The two most frequently measured competencies were the management of health conditions, and critical thinking and problem-solving skills, while the two least measured competencies were quality and safety, and technological literacy. The content and structural validity of most instruments were inadequate since the adopted instruments were not initially designed or tested among HBC nurses. CONCLUSION: This review provides a consolidation of existing instruments that were used to assess HBC nurses' competencies. The instruments were generally not comprehensive, and the content and structural validity were limited. Nonetheless, the domains, items and approaches to instrument development could be adopted to develop and test a comprehensive competency instrument for home-based nursing care practice in the future. IMPACT: This review consolidated instruments used to measure home-based care nurses' competency. The instruments were often designed for ward-based care nurses hence a comprehensive and validated home-based nursing care competency instrument is needed. Nurses, researchers and nursing leaders could consider the competency instruments identified in this review to measure nurses' competencies, while a home-based nursing care competency scale is being developed. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution was required in this review.

Condiciones de trabajo y el cuidado de sí en profesionales de enfermería en la atención domiciliaria de adultos mayores dependientes / Condições de trabalho e autocuidado dos profissionais de enfermagem na assistência domiciliar a idosos dependentes / Working conditions and self-care of nursing professionals in home care of dependent older adults

Introducción: La atención a domicilio de adultos mayores dependientes es una tarea compleja que requiere de profesionales de enfermería altamente capacitados. Sin embargo, las condiciones laborales adversas y la falta de atención al cuidado de sí mismo ponen en riesgo su salud y bienestar, así como la calidad del cuidado que brindan. Objetivo: Describir las condiciones de trabajo y el cuidado de sí en profesionales de enfermería en la atención domiciliaria de adultos mayores dependientes. Metodología: Investigación cualitativa de diseño narrativo utilizando la teoría del cuidado de sí de Michel Foucault. Muestreo por bola de nieve. Criterios de selección: ser enfermero(a) de atención domiciliaria, tener bajo su cuidado a adultos mayores dependientes y firmar el consentimiento informado. Recolección de datos mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, grabadas y transcritas textualmente para ser analizadas con ayuda del software ATLAS.ti. Participantes: 9 profesionales de enfermería domiciliaria independiente. Resultados: Emergieron 2 categorías: 1) La familia en el cuidado y 2) El lado doloroso del cuidado. Conclusiones: Además de las habilidades de comunicación eficaz para solicitar las adaptaciones arquitectónicas de la vivienda y la colaboración de los familiares, se hace evidente que cuando se usan las tecnologías de la teoría de Michel Foucault, se promueve el cuidado de sí de la enfermera. Discusión: La capacidad para tomar conciencia sumado al pensamiento crítico, son necesarios para tener el poder y autonomía sobre las decisiones que se llevan a cabo en el trabajo, reduciendo riesgos e injusticias en el ámbito que se encuentre y promover el cuidado de sí.

Introduction: Home care of dependent older adults is a complex task that requires highly trained nursing professionals. However, adverse working conditions and lack of attention to self-care jeopardize their health and well-being, as well as the quality of care they provide. Objective: To describe the working conditions and self-care of nursing professionals in the home care of dependent older adults. Methodology: Qualitative research of narrative design using Michel Foucault's theory of self-care. Snowball sampling. Selection criteria: to be a home care nurse, to have dependent older adults under his/her care and to sign the informed consent form. Data collection through semi-structured interviews, recorded and transcribed verbatim for analysis using ATLAS.ti software. Participants: 9 independent home nursing professionals. Results: 2 categories emerged: 1) The family in caregiving and 2) The painful side of caregiving. Conclusions: In addition to effective communication skills to request architectural adaptations of the home and the collaboration of family members, it is evident that when the technologies of Michel Foucault's theory are used, the nurse's self-care is promoted. Discussion: The ability to be aware and critical thinking are necessary to have power and autonomy over the decisions that are carried out at work, reducing risks and injustices in the field and promoting self-care.

Introdução: O atendimento domiciliar de idosos dependentes é uma tarefa complexa que exige profissionais de enfermagem altamente treinados. No entanto, as condições de trabalho adversas e a falta de atenção ao autocuidado prejudicam sua saúde e bem-estar, bem como a qualidade do atendimento que prestam. Objetivo: descrever as condições de trabalho e o autocuidado dos profissionais de enfermagem na assistência domiciliar a idosos dependentes. Metodologia: Pesquisa qualitativa com um projeto narrativo usando a teoria do autocuidado de Michel Foucault. Amostragem em bola de neve. Critérios de seleção: ser enfermeiro de atendimento domiciliar, estar cuidando de idosos dependentes e assinar o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. Coleta de dados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, gravadas e transcritas literalmente para análise usando o software ATLAS.ti. Participantes: 9 profissionais independentes de enfermagem domiciliar. Resultados: Surgiram duas categorias: 1) A família no cuidado e 2) O lado doloroso do cuidado. Conclusões: Além de habilidades de comunicação eficazes para solicitar adaptações arquitetônicas na residência e a colaboração dos familiares, fica evidente que, quando as tecnologias da teoria de Michel Foucault são utilizadas, o autocuidado do enfermeiro é promovido. Discussão: A capacidade de conscientização e o pensamento crítico são necessários para ter poder e autonomia sobre as decisões tomadas no trabalho, reduzindo os riscos e as injustiças no campo e promovendo o autocuidado.

Home health nurses for children with invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV): Perspectives on gaps and opportunities for recruitment.

BACKGROUND: Children with medical complexity (CMC) dependent on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) often require private duty home nursing; however, there are ubiquitous shortages. Home health is an especially vulnerable nursing sector because of less competitive wages and less prominence during nursing education. We sought to understand nurses' perspectives on gaps and opportunities for recruiting home care nurses for children with IMV. METHODS: Home health nurses experienced with children with IMV were recruited for semi-structured interviews. The interview guide served as the initial codebook which was iteratively modified as themes emerged. This study presents an analysis of quotes related to field entry and home health experiences. FINDINGS: Twenty interviews were completed with primarily female (95%) participants. The majority worked full-time (60%) and had an average of 11 years of experience. During nursing education, participants described a lack of exposure to private duty home health nursing. Many entered the field serendipitously, because of a passion for care of CMC or to continue care for a hospitalized patient. Challenges to employment included lack of competitive wages and benefits. Nurses remained in the field because of the rewarding work with patients and families, schedule flexibility, slower pace, and one-on-one care. DISCUSSION: Home health nurses for IMV describe lack of employment benefits. However, the opportunity to work longitudinally and individually with patients was rewarding. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE: Creative solutions must be explored to recruit and sustain this essential workforce, including exposure during nursing education, improved training and benefits, and targeted recruiting.

Contextos de saúde e trabalho de profissionais de enfermagem em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19 / Health and work contexts of nursing professionals during the pandemic of COVID-19 / Contextos de salud y trabajo de profesionales de enfermería en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19

Introdução: Ao desempenhar e promover práticas que visam a melhoria da saúde, a equipe de enfermagem se assumiu como protagonista e linha de frente em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19. Logo, fica evidente a exposição pessoal-profissional-familiar; a carência de pessoal e a insegurança laboral-emocional, além das consequências que vão recair sobre os contextos de saúde e de trabalho destes profissionais. Objetivo: Analisar os contextos de saúde e trabalho de profissionais de enfermagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Metodologia: Estudo de método misto, combinando as abordagens por meio da estratégia de incorporação concomitante - QUAN(qual), realizado em Minas Gerais, Brasil, entre agosto e dezembro de 2020. Aplicou-se, via ligação telefônica, um roteiro de perguntas a 58 profissionais enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem. O roteiro continha perguntas abertas e fechadas ligadas a questões sociodemográficas e aos contextos e condições de saúde, trabalho e COVID-19. Realizou-se análise quantitativa descritiva e Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados: A maioria mulheres (93,1%) técnicas de enfermagem (69%). 39,7% trabalhavam em plantão noturno; 58,6% relataram terem sofrido violências no trabalho e 48,3% relataram diagnósticos de transtorno mental. Os contextos de trabalho na pandemia evidenciaram necessidade de estímulos e valorização profissional e relações com fatores institucionais, a dinâmica e organização do trabalho, condições adequadas de trabalho e ao favorável relacionamento interpessoal, enquanto que contextos de saúde evidenciaram relação com interesses, oportunidades, rotina, normalidade, esperança e tenacidade que seriam trazidos pelo fim da COVID-19. Conclusão: A pandemia de COVID-19 fortaleceu um contexto de saúde e de trabalho crítico, amedrontado e inseguro da equipe de Enfermagem brasileira, exacerbando a necessidade de providências, ações e políticas que considerem a Saúde do Trabalhador como estruturantes para a organização dos serviços.

Introducción: Al realizar y promover prácticas que tienen como objetivo la mejora de la salud, el equipo de enfermería asumió el protagonismo en los tiempos de la pandemia por COVID-19. Por tanto, es evidente la exposición personal-profesional-familiar, la falta de personal y la inseguridad laboral-emocional, además de las consecuencias que recaerán sobre la salud y los contextos laborales de este grupo profesional. Objetivo: Analizar el contexto sanitario y laboral de profesionales de enfermería durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Metodología: Estudio de método mixto, combinando los abordajes a través de la estrategia de incorporación concomitante - QUAN(qual), realizado en Minas Gerais, Brasil, entre agosto y diciembre de 2020. Se aplicó un guion de preguntas, mediante llamada telefónica, a 58 profesionales, personal técnico y auxiliares de enfermería. El guion contenía preguntas abiertas y cerradas relacionadas con cuestiones sociodemográficas y los contextos y condiciones de salud, trabajo y COVID-19. Se realizó un análisis cuantitativo descriptivo y un análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: La mayor parte de la muestra estuvo compuesta por mujeres (93.1 %) y personal técnico de enfermería (69 %). El 39.7 % trabajaba en turno de noche, el 58.6 % declaró haber sufrido violencia en el trabajo y el 48.3 % informó de diagnósticos de trastorno mental. Los contextos de trabajo en la pandemia mostraron la necesidad de estímulo y valoración profesional y las relaciones con los factores institucionales, la dinámica y la organización del trabajo, las condiciones adecuadas de trabajo y la relación interpersonal favorable. Los contextos de salud, mientras tanto, mostraron una relación con los intereses, las oportunidades, la rutina, la normalidad, la esperanza y la tenacidad que se produciría al final de la COVID-19. Conclusión: La pandemia de la COVID-19 fortaleció un contexto de salud y trabajo crítico, atemorizado e inseguro del equipo de enfermería brasileño, exacerbando la necesidad de providencias, acciones y políticas que consideren la salud de la persona trabajadora como estructurante para la organización de los servicios.

Introduction: By performing and promoting practices that aim to improve health, the nursing team has assumed itself as a protagonist during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the personal, professional, and family exposure is evident; the lack of personnel and occupational security, in addition to the consequences on the health and work contexts of these professionals. Objective: To analyze the health and work contexts of nursing professionals during the pandemic of COVID-19. Methodology: This is a mixed-method study that combines approaches through the concurrent incorporation strategy - QUAN(qual), conducted in Minas Gerais, Brazil, between August and December 2020. A script of questions was applied over the phone to 58 professional nurses, nursing technicians, and nursing assistants. The script included open and closed questions related to sociodemographic issues and health, work, and COVID-19 contexts and conditions. A descriptive quantitative analysis and thematic content analysis were performed. Results: The majority were women (93.1%) nursing technicians (69%). The 39.7% of the participants worked the night shift; the 58.6% reported experiencing violence at work and the 48.3% was diagnosed with mental disorders. The work contexts during the pandemic showed that there was a need for encouragement and professional evaluation; they also portrayed the relationships with the institutional factors, the work dynamics and the organization, the appropriate working conditions and the favorable interpersonal relationships. On the other hand, health contexts showed the relationship between interests, opportunities, routine, normality, hope and tenacity that would occur at the end of COVID-19. Conclusion: The pandemic of COVID-19 strengthened a critical, fearful, and insecure health and work context of the Brazilian nursing team, exacerbating the need for provisions, actions and policies that consider worker's health crucial for the organization of services.

Patterns of visiting nurse services for older adults in Japanese residential facilities: A latent class analysis.

AIM: To examine the patterns of the visiting nurse services provided to older adults in a type of residential facility in Japan and to identify associated factors. METHODS: This secondary analysis used past survey data from visiting nurse service agencies providing services to older adults in residential facilities with few nurses, known as non-specified facilities in Japan. Approximately 515 cases were used to determine the patterns of visiting nurse services using latent class analysis. Multinomial logistic regression analysis examined the relationships between identified classes, residents' characteristics, facilities, and services provided by visiting nurses. RESULTS: Three service patterns were identified as follows: Class 1, observational and follow-up care (37.1%); Class 2, chronic disease care (35.7%); and Class 3, end-of-life care (27.2%). Class 1 comprised fewer nursing services than the other classes and primarily involved the observation of medical conditions, whereas Classes 2 and 3 involved higher care-need levels and provided diverse nursing care support. Specifically, Class 3 was associated with the inclusion of family (odds ratio: 2.42) and a visiting nurse at the attached facility (odds ratio: 4.88). CONCLUSIONS: The three identified classes describe the older residents' healthcare needs. Additionally, the factors associated with the end-of-life care class suggest that older residents with these factors may have difficulty accessing end-of-life care by visiting nurses. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 326-333.

Terms of the specialized nursing language in the care of older adults at home / Termos da linguagem especializada de enfermagem no cuidado à pessoa idosa domiciliada / Termos da linguagem especializada de enfermagem no cuidado à pessoa idosa domiciliada

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify terms of the specialized nursing language used in the care of older adults at home and map them with the International Classification for Nursing Practice. Method: This is a methodological study, operationalized by the steps of extraction of terms from the specialized nursing language in the care of older adults at home from official documents; normalization; cross mapping between extracted terms and those included in the International Classification for Nursing Practice, 2019/2020 version; distribution according to the Seven-Axis Model. Results: A total of 12,365 terms were identified and, after manual screening, 530 terms were included, which were mapped with the International Classification for Nursing Practice and analyzed according to the level of equivalence, resulting in the presence of 460 (86.8%) terms, 375 (70.7%) with level of equivalence 1 and 85 (16.0%) with level of equivalence 2; and 70 (13.2%) non-included terms, 34 (6.4%) with level of equivalence 3, 22 (4.1%) with level of equivalence 4 and 14 (2.6%) with level of equivalence 5. Conclusion: The terms identified will serve as a basis for the elaboration of diagnoses, results, and nursing interventions for older adults living at home.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar términos del lenguaje especializado de enfermería utilizados en el cuidado de ancianos en el domicilio y mapearlos con la Clasificación Internacional de la Práctica de Enfermería. Método: Estudio metodológico, operacionalizado por las etapas: extracción de términos del lenguaje especializado de enfermería en el cuidado de ancianos que viven en sus casas a partir de documentos oficiales; normalización; mapeo cruzado entre los términos extraídos y los contenidos en la Clasificación Internacional de la Práctica de Enfermería, versión 2019/2020; distribución según el modelo de siete ejes. Resultados: Se identificaron 12.365 términos y luego de la clasificación manual se incluyeron 530 términos, los cuales fueron mapeados con la Clasificación Internacional de la Práctica de Enfermería y analizados según el grado de equivalencia, resultando 460 (86,8%) términos constantes, 375 (70,7%) con grado de equivalencia 1 y 85 (16,0%) con grado de equivalencia 2; y 70 (13,2%) términos no constantes, 34 (6,4%) con grado de equivalencia 3, 22 (4,1%) con grado de equivalencia 4 y 14 (2,6%) con grado de equivalencia 5. Conclusión: Los términos identificados servirán como base para la elaboración de diagnósticos, resultados e intervenciones de enfermería para personas mayores que viven en el hogar.

RESUMO Objective: Identificar termos da linguagem especializada de enfermagem utilizados no cuidado à pessoa idosa domiciliada e mapeá-los com a Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem. Método: Estudo metodológico, operacionalizado pelas etapas: extração de termos da linguagem especializada de enfermagem no cuidado à pessoa idosa domiciliada a partir de documentos oficiais; normalização; mapeamento cruzado entre termos extraídos e os constantes na a Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem, versão 2019/2020; distribuição segundo Modelo de Sete Eixos. Resultados: Identificaram-se 12.365 termos e após a triagem manual foram incluídos 530 termos, que foram mapeados com a Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem e analisados de acordo com o grau de equivalência, resultando em 460 (86,8%) termos constantes, sendo 375 (70,7%) com grau de equivalência 1 e 85 (16,0%) com grau de equivalência 2; e 70 (13,2%) termos não constantes, sendo 34 (6,4%) com grau de equivalência 3, 22 (4,1%) com grau de equivalência 4 e 14 (2,6%) com grau de equivalência 5. Conclusão: Os termos identificados servirão de base para a elaboração de diagnósticos, resultados e intervençōes de enfermagem para pessoas idosas domiciliadas.

The effects of a home-visit nursing simulation for older people with dementia on nursing students' communication skills, self-efficacy, and critical thinking propensity: Quantitative research.

BACKGROUND: Simulation-based learning is an educational method in community nursing to train the skills required to interact with a variety of patients in the community. OBJECTIVES: This study examined the effects of simulation-based learning on home-visit nursing for older people with dementia by evaluating nursing students' communication skills, self-efficacy, and critical thinking propensity. DESIGN: This is a quasi-experimental study using a single-group pretest-posttest design. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 69 fourth-year students of the Department of Nursing at a university in K city, South Korea. METHOD: Data were collected from October 25 to November 10, 2021 at the beginning and after classes using a questionnaire on students' communication skills, self-efficacy, and critical thinking propensity. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, and Pearson's correlation coefficients using SPSS WIN 26.0. RESULTS: Nursing students' communication skills, self-efficacy, and critical thinking propensity showed a significant improvement after education when compared with before teaching. There was a positive relationship between communication skills and self-efficacy, communication skills and critical thinking propensity, and self-efficacy and critical thinking propensity. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that providing simulation education similar to that delivered in community nursing can improve nursing students' communication skills, self-efficacy, and critical thinking propensity. The results of this study can be used as primary data for efficiently conducting education using nursing visit simulations for dementia patients.

Addressing the Gap in Data Communication from Home Health Care to Primary Care during Care Transitions: Completeness of an Interoperability Data Standard.

In a future where home health care is no longer an information silo, patient information will be communicated along transitions in care to improve care. Evidence-based practice in the United States supports home health care patients to see their primary care team within the first two weeks of hospital discharge to reduce rehospitalization risk. We sought to identify a parsimonious set of home health care data to be communicated to primary care for the post-hospitalization visit. Anticipating electronic dataset communication, we investigated the completeness of the international reference terminology, Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC), for coverage of the data to be communicated. We conducted deductive qualitative analysis in three steps: (1) identify home health care data available for the visit by mapping home health care to the information needed for the visit; (2) reduce the resulting home health care data set to a parsimonious set clinicians wanted for the post-hospitalization visit by eliciting primary care clinician input; and (3) map the parsimonious dataset to LOINC and assess LOINC completeness. Our study reduced the number of standardized home health care assessment questions by 40% to a parsimonious set of 33 concepts that primary care team physicians wanted for the post-hospitalization visit. Findings indicate all home health care concepts in the parsimonious dataset mapped to the information needed for the post-hospitalization visit, and 84% of the home health care concepts mapped to a LOINC term. The results indicate data flow of parsimonious home health care dataset to primary care for the post-hospitalization visit is possible using existing LOINC codes, and would require adding some codes to LOINC for communication of a complete parsimonious data set.