ABSTRACT
Mammary tumors have a high prevalence in bitches and women, and are related to high rates of morbidity and mortality. For the human species, thermography has stood out as a diagnostic tool for breast cancer. However, its clinical benefit in bitches remains unknown. Thus, the goal of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic applicability of infrared thermography for canine mammary tumors, as well as to correlate tumor temperature with mitotic index and tumor volume. Thermographic and digital images of eight bitches with mammary neoplasms were captured. Thermograms were entered into the FLIR tools software and the temperature of 15 tumor and 15 healthy glands from the contralateral mammary chain was analyzed. There was no significant difference (p = 0.786) between the mean temperature of neoplastic (33.71°C ± 1.86) and healthy (33.54°C ± 1.59) glands. There was a negative and moderate correlation between tumor temperature and mitotic index (ρ = -0.52 p = 0.049). However, no correlation was detected between mammary temperature and tumor volume (p = 0.10). Although thermography allowed no distinction between neoplastic and healthy mammary glands in bitches, it may be promising to assess the proliferative rate of tumors. In addition, malignant neoplasms may be more often hypothermic than healthy tissue.(AU)
Os tumores mamários apresentam alta prevalência em cadelas e mulheres, sendo relacionados a elevadas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Para a espécie humana, a termografia tem se destacado como ferramenta diagnóstica do câncer de mama. Entretanto, o seu benefício clínico em cadelas permanece desconhecido. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi ava-liar a aplicabilidade diagnóstica da termografia infravermelha para os tumores mamários caninos, bem como correlacionar a temperatura tumoral com o índice mitótico e volume tumoral. Foram capturadas imagens termográficas e digitais de oito cadelas com neoplasias mamárias. Os termogramas foram inseridos no software FLIR tools e analisou-se a temperatura de 15 mamas tumorais e 15 hígidas da cadeia mamária contralateral. Não houve diferença significativa (p = 0,786) entre a tempera-tura média das glândulas neoplásicas (33,71°C ± 1,86) e saudáveis (33,54°C ± 1,59). Houve correlação negativa e moderada entre a temperatura tumoral e índice mitótico (ρ = -0,52 p = 0,049). Entretanto, não foi observada correlação entre tempe-ratura e volume tumoral (p = 0,10). Apesar da termografia não ter permitido a diferenciação das mamas neoplásicas e saudá-veis de cadelas, ela pode ser uma forma promissora para avaliação da taxa proliferativa dos tumores. Além disso, as neoplasias malignas podem apresentar-se mais frequentemente hipotérmicas em relação ao tecido saudável.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dogs , Thermography/methods , Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/diagnostic imaging , Body Temperature/physiology , Mitotic IndexABSTRACT
Background: Thermography is a diagnostic imaging modality employed to estimate the degree of activity of some bodytissues. In theory, thermography would be expected to provide a graphical representation of inflammation and could therefore be used for early detection and monitoring of the inflammatory process. Given increased local temperature is one ofthe cardinal signs of inflammation, thermography could be an invaluable diagnostic method for musculoskeletal inflammatory conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of thermography to detect inflammation followingimplantation of ricin polyurethane polymer into experimental third metacarpal bone defects in horses.Materials, Methods & Results: A bone defect was produced in the proximal third of the metacarpal bone in 6 horses.Clinical examination of all horses was performed prior to surgery (control assessment; D0). A bone defect measuring13 mm in diameter was created in the proximal aspect of the left and right third metacarpal bones using a trephine saw.Bone defects in each horse were either filled with ricin polyurethane polymer and calcium carbonate (polymer limb) orleft untreated (control limb). Thermographic images were acquired 7, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days following surgery. Athermal camera (Thermacam T400®) with 0.05°C thermal sensitivity was employed for infrared thermal image acquisitionand Rainbow High Contrast palette was selected. The distance between the camera and the subjects was adjusted so thatall images included the front limb from carpus to toe. Bandages were removed 30 min before data collection. Followingdemarcation of the proximal third metacarpal area on thermographic images, temperature readings were performed using built-in software and compared between polymer and control limbs. Mean temperatures were used in the analysis forincreased reliability. The Freidman test was employed to assess the progression of the variables studied along the experimental...
Subject(s)
Animals , Horses , Metacarpal Bones/diagnostic imaging , Metacarpal Bones/transplantation , Polyurethanes/therapeutic use , Bone Regeneration , Biocompatible Materials , Polymers , Ricinus , Thermography/veterinaryABSTRACT
Background: Thermography is a diagnostic imaging modality employed to estimate the degree of activity of some bodytissues. In theory, thermography would be expected to provide a graphical representation of inflammation and could therefore be used for early detection and monitoring of the inflammatory process. Given increased local temperature is one ofthe cardinal signs of inflammation, thermography could be an invaluable diagnostic method for musculoskeletal inflammatory conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of thermography to detect inflammation followingimplantation of ricin polyurethane polymer into experimental third metacarpal bone defects in horses.Materials, Methods & Results: A bone defect was produced in the proximal third of the metacarpal bone in 6 horses.Clinical examination of all horses was performed prior to surgery (control assessment; D0). A bone defect measuring13 mm in diameter was created in the proximal aspect of the left and right third metacarpal bones using a trephine saw.Bone defects in each horse were either filled with ricin polyurethane polymer and calcium carbonate (polymer limb) orleft untreated (control limb). Thermographic images were acquired 7, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days following surgery. Athermal camera (Thermacam T400®) with 0.05°C thermal sensitivity was employed for infrared thermal image acquisitionand Rainbow High Contrast palette was selected. The distance between the camera and the subjects was adjusted so thatall images included the front limb from carpus to toe. Bandages were removed 30 min before data collection. Followingdemarcation of the proximal third metacarpal area on thermographic images, temperature readings were performed using built-in software and compared between polymer and control limbs. Mean temperatures were used in the analysis forincreased reliability. The Freidman test was employed to assess the progression of the variables studied along the experimental...(AU)